US3274652A - Method of constructing a casting mould by determination of isothermal pattern - Google Patents

Method of constructing a casting mould by determination of isothermal pattern Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3274652A
US3274652A US391808A US39180864A US3274652A US 3274652 A US3274652 A US 3274652A US 391808 A US391808 A US 391808A US 39180864 A US39180864 A US 39180864A US 3274652 A US3274652 A US 3274652A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
mould
cavity
wall
cross
casting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US391808A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Banks Allan Pearson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Distington Engineering Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Distington Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Distington Engineering Co Ltd filed Critical Distington Engineering Co Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3274652A publication Critical patent/US3274652A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
    • B22D7/06—Ingot moulds or their manufacture

Definitions

  • corner shelling a defect often encountered in the constructions of conventional moulds, (known as corner shelling).
  • An object of the invention is the provision of a method of casting metal whereby the walls surrounding the casting space are less likely to crack than when previously proposed methods are employed.
  • Another object of the present invention is the provision of a casting mould which is less prone to crack than moulds proposed hitherto.
  • a further object is the provision of a method of constructing a mould which reduces the incidence of corner shelling.
  • a method of casting metal in which molten metal is introduced into a moulding space bounded by a wall the thickness of different parts of which is such that the passage of heat through the thickness of the wall during cooling of the molten metal is at a substantially constant rate throughout the Wall.
  • a casting mould for carrying out the above method, the walls of which are shaped in cross-section so that on casting metal in the moulding space the crosssectional isothermal pattern during cooling consists of lines extending in the plane of said section substantially parallel to the sides of the moulding space.
  • a method of constructing a mould in accordance with the present invention comprising the steps of:
  • FIGURE 1 shows in more or less diagrammatic form a side view of a conventional square ingot mould
  • FIGURE 2 shows a cross-section of the mould of FIG- URE 1;
  • FIGURE 3 shows in more or less diagrammatic form a side view of an ingot mould embodying the present invention
  • FIGURE 4 shows a cross-section of the mould of FIGURE 3
  • FIGURE 5 shows a cross-section of a conventional rectangular ingot mould
  • FIGURE 6 shows a cross-section of another ingot mould embodying the present invention.
  • FIGURES 2, 4 and 5 Isothermal lines (i.e. lines joining points of equal temperature) are superimposed on FIGURES 2, 4 and 5. To avoid confusion, the usual hatching lines denoting a section have been omitted from these figures and also from FIGURE 6.
  • FIGURES 1 and 2 Such a conventional mould is shown in FIGURES 1 and 2, having a square-shaped moulding space or cavity 1 and an outer perimeter 2 which is also generally square, as seen in cross section.
  • the actual shape of the perimeter 2 is such that the thickness of the mould wall is substantially uniform.
  • Lines 3, 4 and 5 represent isotherms within the mould wall obtained during careful measurement of the temperature distribution ten minutes after steel had been cast in the mould to form an ingot.
  • These isotherms 3 to 5 are in decreasing order of temperature and it will be seen that the regions of highest temperature bounded by the isotherm 3 (parts of which extend through the cavity and are not shown) are located along the sides of the mould cavity while the corners of the cavity are cooler and at the next lower order of temperature indicated by the isotherm 4.
  • these isotherms indicate a pattern of heat flow which continues through the wall of the mould so that the corners of the mould are at an appreciably lower temperature than the sides and the temperature gradient is greatest at the corners.
  • the present invention takes account of the heat distribution pattern revealed by the above-described measurements and provides an ingot mould in which the wall thickness is not uniform but varies so that the outer perimeter of the mould cross-section follows to some degree the shape of the isotherms of a conventional mould.
  • One embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGURES 3 and 4 in which the cavity 11 is the same size andshape as that of cavity 1 but the outer perimeter 12 resembles the shape of the isotherm 5.
  • the mould wall is thickest at the centre of each cavity side and thinnest at each cavity corner.
  • the varying thickness compensates for the otherwise uneven heat flow from the cavity and an even heat distribution in the mould results. Consequently, the temperature differentials set up in the mould wall are considerably reduced relative to those set up in a conventional mould wall and susceptibility to cracking is reduced if not completely removed.
  • FIGURE 5 shows a cross-section of a conventional mould having a rectangular cavity surrounded by a wall 21 of substantially uniform thickness.
  • an isothermal pattern is created the shape of which is indicated by the isotherms 22 to 26.
  • one possible outer crosssectional shape of a mould embodying the invention is substantially that of the isotherm 26, as shown in FIG- URE 6 in which the cavity 27 is the same size and shape as the cavity 20.
  • the isothermal pattern which exists in a conventional mould is first determined.
  • One convenient method of doing this is to manufacture a conventional trial mould having walls of uniform thickness.
  • Metal is then cast in the mould and the isothermal pattern (as hereinbefore described) is determined during initial cooling of the metal.
  • a mould is then constructed having an outer shape, or outer cross-sectional periphery corresponding within practical limits to a chosen isotherm.
  • isotherm which defines said minimum thickness will normally be chosen. That is to say, referring again to FIGURE 1, the isothermal pattern shows that the thinnest part of the mould wall should be at the corners of the cavity. Thus, the minimum thickness is determined for the wall at those corners and the appropriate isotherm (in the aforedescribed embodiment, isotherm 5) determines the shape and dimensions of the wall periphery. It has been shown by experiment that, for moulds having the same cavity shape but of different sizes, the external shape remains the same with corresponding difference in the external dimensions. Thus, the isothermal pattern for a given cavity shape need only be determined once.
  • the present invention provides a novel method of constructing a mould; eg an ingot mould.
  • the casting sand or equivalent material in which the ingot mould is to be cast is formed into the usual central core.
  • the walls surrounding the core are formed into a cavity having a cross-sectional peripheral size and shape substantially the same as one of the isotherms of the aforedescribed isothermal pattern which exists in an equivalent conventional mould.
  • FIG- URES 1 and 3 are more or less diagrammatic and do not show any particular form of bottom or top constructions which may be employed in connection with the present invention. Such features are not illustrated or described since the present invention is concerned mainly with the body of the mould, which is sufficiently described to disclose the principle underlying the present invention.
  • a method of constructing .a casting mold for casting metal comprising the steps of:

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Casting Devices For Molds (AREA)
US391808A 1963-08-23 1964-08-24 Method of constructing a casting mould by determination of isothermal pattern Expired - Lifetime US3274652A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB3344463 1963-08-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3274652A true US3274652A (en) 1966-09-27

Family

ID=10353038

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US391808A Expired - Lifetime US3274652A (en) 1963-08-23 1964-08-24 Method of constructing a casting mould by determination of isothermal pattern

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3274652A (de)
AT (1) AT263236B (de)
BE (1) BE652166A (de)
DE (1) DE1458029A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1086946A (de)
LU (1) LU46821A1 (de)
NL (1) NL6409760A (de)
SE (1) SE304815B (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3349831A (en) * 1965-01-22 1967-10-31 William H Moore Process of producing a cast member having a varying graphite structure
US3552479A (en) * 1967-11-22 1971-01-05 Martin Metals Co Casting process involving cooling of a shell mold prior to casting metal therein
US4033401A (en) * 1974-05-29 1977-07-05 Sulzer Brothers Limited Precision casting process
US4785869A (en) * 1986-10-14 1988-11-22 Re-Top Usa, Inc. Method of sizing a hot top liner and assembling a hot top
US5129443A (en) * 1989-03-30 1992-07-14 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Method of manufacturing a product by estimating thermal stress using a model of the product made of different material

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1440535A (en) * 1922-07-16 1923-01-02 Gathmann Emil Ingot mold
US1758823A (en) * 1928-01-20 1930-05-13 Blage Marcel Ingot mold
US2084247A (en) * 1935-07-10 1937-06-15 Charles J Dockray Method of making chilled metal mold castings
US2087347A (en) * 1934-12-21 1937-07-20 United States Steel Corp Method of solidifying molten metals
US2797458A (en) * 1954-06-28 1957-07-02 Passemar Felix Pierre Process for forming metallic moulds
US2848774A (en) * 1955-07-21 1958-08-26 Hudson Engineering Corp Sectional molds

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1440535A (en) * 1922-07-16 1923-01-02 Gathmann Emil Ingot mold
US1758823A (en) * 1928-01-20 1930-05-13 Blage Marcel Ingot mold
US2087347A (en) * 1934-12-21 1937-07-20 United States Steel Corp Method of solidifying molten metals
US2084247A (en) * 1935-07-10 1937-06-15 Charles J Dockray Method of making chilled metal mold castings
US2797458A (en) * 1954-06-28 1957-07-02 Passemar Felix Pierre Process for forming metallic moulds
US2848774A (en) * 1955-07-21 1958-08-26 Hudson Engineering Corp Sectional molds

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3349831A (en) * 1965-01-22 1967-10-31 William H Moore Process of producing a cast member having a varying graphite structure
US3552479A (en) * 1967-11-22 1971-01-05 Martin Metals Co Casting process involving cooling of a shell mold prior to casting metal therein
US4033401A (en) * 1974-05-29 1977-07-05 Sulzer Brothers Limited Precision casting process
US4785869A (en) * 1986-10-14 1988-11-22 Re-Top Usa, Inc. Method of sizing a hot top liner and assembling a hot top
US5129443A (en) * 1989-03-30 1992-07-14 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Method of manufacturing a product by estimating thermal stress using a model of the product made of different material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
LU46821A1 (de) 1964-10-22
DE1458029A1 (de) 1968-11-21
SE304815B (de) 1968-10-07
NL6409760A (de) 1965-02-24
AT263236B (de) 1968-07-10
GB1086946A (en) 1967-10-11
BE652166A (de) 1964-12-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4453588A (en) Combination mold and selector device for casting single crystal objects
US3274652A (en) Method of constructing a casting mould by determination of isothermal pattern
EP2335844B1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung einer gussform zur reifenformung
CN102248135B (zh) 液态钢水浇注设备
US2564723A (en) Apparatus for the continuous casting of metal slab
US3608617A (en) Art of making precision castings
US3752435A (en) Ingot-molds comprising ingot insulating means
US3897817A (en) Sand casting mold
US2937424A (en) Ingot mould made of spheroidal graphite cast iron
US2341589A (en) Hot top
US3463221A (en) Modular sand mold
US2028243A (en) Ingot mold for steel ingots
US2829410A (en) Ingot mold
US3287772A (en) T-shaped external chill
US1508931A (en) Method of forming ingots
US3614980A (en) Means for preventing unwanted sand dirt or other impurities from entering mold cavities prior to the pouring of the casting material
US2495992A (en) Ingot mold and hot top
US1962490A (en) Article and method of casting the same
US2509618A (en) Bottom-casting ingots in molds
US2339601A (en) Ingot mold
US2310553A (en) Ingot mold
US2023044A (en) Core for and method of producing hollow refractories
US70710A (en) Improved molds for casting steel ingots
US1528604A (en) Casting ingots
SU47217A1 (ru) Способ отливки каменных и шлаковых изделий