US3273707A - Production of low silica iron superconcentrates - Google Patents
Production of low silica iron superconcentrates Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3273707A US3273707A US3273707DA US3273707A US 3273707 A US3273707 A US 3273707A US 3273707D A US3273707D A US 3273707DA US 3273707 A US3273707 A US 3273707A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- silica
- concentrate
- wet
- flotation
- superconcentrates
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 64
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims description 32
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009291 froth flotation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- BFAQRUGPWJVQDA-WFBUOHSLSA-N [(1r,4as,10ar)-1,4a-dimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthren-1-yl]methanamine;acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O.NC[C@]1(C)CCC[C@]2(C)C3=CC=C(C(C)C)C=C3CC[C@H]21 BFAQRUGPWJVQDA-WFBUOHSLSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- ORILYTVJVMAKLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Adamantane Natural products C1C(C2)CC3CC1CC2C3 ORILYTVJVMAKLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-MRCIVHHJSA-N dextrin Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)OC1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-MRCIVHHJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005226 mechanical processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010665 pine oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/02—Froth-flotation processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
Definitions
- Superconcentrates containing iron oxide in the order of 99% with low silica content are required by the steel industry in direct reduction and pyrometallurgical procedures. They may also be used in the pigment industry and as an alternative feed source in those processes presently employing synthetically produced iron oxides.
- the process in accordance with the invention employs as the feed material gravity specular hemtatite concentrates containing 1 to 5% silica.
- the feed material is ground to a particle size of minus 100 to minus 325 mesh, Tyler standard. Preferably it should be ground wet in a ball mill to minus 150 mesh (Tyler standard).
- the ground ore is then subjected to a cationic flotation step, using any suitable cationic collector such as those known under the trade names Rosin Amine D Acetate and Armac C.
- the flotation step removes a substantial portion of the silica present in the ore but the flotation concentrate still contains silica in the order of 0.10%.
- the flotation concentrate is now subjected to a wet magnetic separation in a magnetic field of an intensity of 2000 to 10,000 gauss, preferably 3000 to 7000 gauss.
- the wet magnetic separator further reduces the silica content in the concentrate to not exceeding 0.05 and to as low as 0.03%.
- a critical feature of the preesnt invention is the combination of cationic silica flotation and high intensity Wet magnetic separation in that order.
- the flotation process removes some silica, in the form of middlings, which cannot be removed by high intensity Wet magnetic separation alone.
- the latter step improves the flotation concentrate by removing about 75% of the remaining silica.
- wet (rather than dry) magnetic separation is also of critical importance. From an economical point of view, it is of course desirable that the wet flotation concentrate need not be subjected to a costly drying step as would be required it dry magnetic separation Were employed. More important, however, is the fact that Wet, rather than dry, high intensity magnetic separation is much more eifective for silica removal.
- a sample of specular hematite gravity concentrate containing about 5% silica is ground wet in a ball mill to minus 150 mesh.
- the ground ore is pulped in a flotation cell at 30% solids and conditioned for about 5 minutes with 1 lb. of dextrine per ton of :feed.
- a cationic collector such as Rosin Amine D Acetate or Armac C is added as a 1% solution, with a frother, if required.
- a frother consisting of 50% pine oil, 2.5% commercial preparation known under the trade name Aerosol OT," and 47.5% water, by volume, is added. No frother is required when using Armac C.
- An initial float is made after the addition of 0.2 lb. of collector per ton, and most of the silica is floated in a froth containing about 20% of the original feed weight. More collector is added if required until the silica content of the material in the cell is lowered by subsequent flotation to about 0.10% silica.
- the flotation concentrate is fed to a I ones high intensity Wet magnetic separator in a slurry containing about 20% solids.
- the magnetic field intensity of the Jones separator is about 5000 gauss, which is determined by setting the amperage at 10 amperes.
- the resulting concentrate is filtered and dried.
- the magnetic field intensity may be determined by setting the amperage at the desired level.
- a setting of 3 to 12 amperes will result in an intensity of 2000 to 10,000 gauss. While acceptable results are obtainable anywhere in this range, for best results a setting of 10 amperes (corresponding to 5000 gauss) is preferred.
- a method of producing iron superconcentr-ates which comprises grinding an ore concentrate consisting essentially of specular hematite having a silica content of more than 1%, to a particle size of minus to minus 325 mesh, subjecting said ground ore body to a froth flotation treatment with a cationic collector to remove silica therefrom and produce a wet flotation concentrate containing in the order of 0.10% silica, subjecting said flotation concentrate while still Wet to a wet magnetic separation treatrnent in a magnetic field having an intensity in the range of 3000 to 7000 gauss to produce a magnetic separation concentrate from said one body containing not substantially less than 99% iron oxide and not substantially more than 0.05% silica.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
United States Patent Ofiice 3,273,707 Patented Sept. 20, 1966 3,273,707 PRODUCTION OF LOW SILICA TRON SUPERCONCENTRATES Peter D. R. Maltby, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, assignor to Her Majesty The Queen in right of (Ianada as represented by the Minister of Mines and Technical Surveys No Drawing. Filed May 20, 1963, Ser. No. 281,816 2 Claims. (Cl. 20939) This invention relates to a process for production of low silica iron superconcentrates.
Superconcentrates containing iron oxide in the order of 99% with low silica content are required by the steel industry in direct reduction and pyrometallurgical procedures. They may also be used in the pigment industry and as an alternative feed source in those processes presently employing synthetically produced iron oxides.
Heretofore it has not been possible to produce concentrates of desirably high grade by mechanical means from naturally occurring minerals.
It is an object of this invention to provide a mechanical process for production of superconcentrates containing not substantially less than 99% iron oxide and not substantially more than 0.05 silica.
The process in accordance with the invention employs as the feed material gravity specular hemtatite concentrates containing 1 to 5% silica.
The feed material is ground to a particle size of minus 100 to minus 325 mesh, Tyler standard. Preferably it should be ground wet in a ball mill to minus 150 mesh (Tyler standard).
The ground ore is then subjected to a cationic flotation step, using any suitable cationic collector such as those known under the trade names Rosin Amine D Acetate and Armac C. The flotation step removes a substantial portion of the silica present in the ore but the flotation concentrate still contains silica in the order of 0.10%.
The flotation concentrate is now subjected to a wet magnetic separation in a magnetic field of an intensity of 2000 to 10,000 gauss, preferably 3000 to 7000 gauss. The wet magnetic separator further reduces the silica content in the concentrate to not exceeding 0.05 and to as low as 0.03%.
Tests have shown that the flotation step alone will produce at best a concentrate containing in the order of 0.10% silica. Other tests have shown the highest grade of concentrate produced by high intensity Wet magnetic separation alone contained 0.20% silica. Thus, a critical feature of the preesnt invention is the combination of cationic silica flotation and high intensity Wet magnetic separation in that order. The flotation process removes some silica, in the form of middlings, which cannot be removed by high intensity Wet magnetic separation alone. The latter step improves the flotation concentrate by removing about 75% of the remaining silica.
Test results have shown that a 0.03% silica superconcentrate can only be obtained by high intensity Wet magnetic separation of a flotation concentrate containing in the order of 0.10% silica. A flotation concentrate containing more silica Will produce a high intensity wet magnetic concentrate with a silica content proportionately higher than 0.03%. Therefore, the final purity of the superconcentrate is dependent upon the removal of as much silica as possible in the flotation stage.
'Use of high intensity Wet (rather than dry) magnetic separation is also of critical importance. From an economical point of view, it is of course desirable that the wet flotation concentrate need not be subjected to a costly drying step as would be required it dry magnetic separation Were employed. More important, however, is the fact that Wet, rather than dry, high intensity magnetic separation is much more eifective for silica removal.
The following is a specific example of the process of the invention.
A sample of specular hematite gravity concentrate containing about 5% silica is ground wet in a ball mill to minus 150 mesh.
The ground ore is pulped in a flotation cell at 30% solids and conditioned for about 5 minutes with 1 lb. of dextrine per ton of :feed.
After conditioning, a cationic collector such as Rosin Amine D Acetate or Armac C is added as a 1% solution, with a frother, if required. 'In the case where Rosin Amine D Acetate is used, a frother, consisting of 50% pine oil, 2.5% commercial preparation known under the trade name Aerosol OT," and 47.5% water, by volume, is added. No frother is required when using Armac C.
An initial float is made after the addition of 0.2 lb. of collector per ton, and most of the silica is floated in a froth containing about 20% of the original feed weight. More collector is added if required until the silica content of the material in the cell is lowered by subsequent flotation to about 0.10% silica.
The flotation concentrate is fed to a I ones high intensity Wet magnetic separator in a slurry containing about 20% solids. The magnetic field intensity of the Jones separator is about 5000 gauss, which is determined by setting the amperage at 10 amperes.
The resulting concentrate is filtered and dried.
As previously indicated, the magnetic field intensity may be determined by setting the amperage at the desired level. Thus, a setting of 3 to 12 amperes will result in an intensity of 2000 to 10,000 gauss. While acceptable results are obtainable anywhere in this range, for best results a setting of 10 amperes (corresponding to 5000 gauss) is preferred.
I claim:
1. A method of producing iron superconcentr-ates which comprises grinding an ore concentrate consisting essentially of specular hematite having a silica content of more than 1%, to a particle size of minus to minus 325 mesh, subjecting said ground ore body to a froth flotation treatment with a cationic collector to remove silica therefrom and produce a wet flotation concentrate containing in the order of 0.10% silica, subjecting said flotation concentrate while still Wet to a wet magnetic separation treatrnent in a magnetic field having an intensity in the range of 3000 to 7000 gauss to produce a magnetic separation concentrate from said one body containing not substantially less than 99% iron oxide and not substantially more than 0.05% silica.
2. A method of producing iron superconcentrates as defined in claim 1, wherein the intensity of said magnetic field is about 5000 gauss.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,088,364 7/1937 Ellis 209219 X 2,217,684 10/1940 Kirby 209--166 2,352,324 6/ 1944 Hubler 20939 2,388,471 ll/1945 De Vaney 20939 2,483 ,890 l-O/ 1949 De Vaney 209-166 3,032,189 5/ 1962 Adam 2092l4 FOREIGN PATENTS 130,238 12/1950 Sweden.
HARRY B. THORNTON, Primary Examiner.
R. HALPER, Assistant Examiner.
Claims (1)
1. A METHOD OF PRODUCING IRON SUPERCONCENTRATES WHICH COMPRISES GRINDING AN ORE CONCENTRATE CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF SPECULAR HEMATITE HAVING A SILICA CONTENT OF MORE THAN 1%, TO A PARTICLE SIZE OF MINUS 100 TO MINUS 325 MESH, SUBJECTING SAID GROUND ORE BODY TO A FROTH FLOTATION TREATMENT WITH A CATIONIC COLLECTOR TO REMOVE SILICA THEREFROM AND PRODUCE A WET FLOTATION CONCENTRATE CONTAINING IN THE ORDER OF 0.10% SILICA, SUBJECTING SAID FLOTATION CONCENTRATE WHILE STILL WET TO A WET MAGNETIC SEPARATION TREATMENT IN A MAGNETIC FIELD HAVING AN INTENSITY IN THE RANGE OF 3000 TO 7000 GAUSS TO PRODUCE A MAGNETIC SEPARATION CONCENTRATE FROM SAID ONE BODY CONTAINING NOT SUBSTANTIALLY LESS THAN 99% IRON OXIDE AND NOT SUBSTANTIALLY MORE THAN 0.05% SILICA.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3273707A true US3273707A (en) | 1966-09-20 |
Family
ID=3458622
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US3273707D Expired - Lifetime US3273707A (en) | Production of low silica iron superconcentrates |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3273707A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3710934A (en) * | 1970-06-29 | 1973-01-16 | Canadian Patents Dev | Concentration of spodumene using flotation |
| US3974067A (en) * | 1974-10-08 | 1976-08-10 | Anglo-American Clays Corporation | Method for improving clay brightness utilizing magnetic separation |
| US4192738A (en) * | 1978-10-23 | 1980-03-11 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior | Process for scavenging iron from tailings produced by flotation beneficiation and for increasing iron ore recovery |
| US4303204A (en) * | 1976-10-28 | 1981-12-01 | Reynolds Metals Company | Upgrading of bauxites, bauxitic clays, and aluminum mineral bearing clays |
| WO2008077849A1 (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2008-07-03 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Amine formulations for reverse froth flotation of silicates from iron ore |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2088364A (en) * | 1934-09-22 | 1937-07-27 | Edwin E Ellis | Electromagnetic separator device |
| US2217684A (en) * | 1937-10-14 | 1940-10-15 | Du Pont | Flotation process for concentrating oxides of iron |
| US2352324A (en) * | 1939-03-21 | 1944-06-27 | American Nepheline Corp | Beneficiation of feldspathic and similar ores |
| US2388471A (en) * | 1943-11-03 | 1945-11-06 | Erie Mining Co | Beneficiation of magnetite concentrates by flotation |
| US2483890A (en) * | 1946-03-25 | 1949-10-04 | Erie Mining Co | Cationic froth flotation of iron ore |
| US3032189A (en) * | 1958-11-17 | 1962-05-01 | Int Minerals & Chem Corp | Beneficiation of phosphatic ores |
-
0
- US US3273707D patent/US3273707A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2088364A (en) * | 1934-09-22 | 1937-07-27 | Edwin E Ellis | Electromagnetic separator device |
| US2217684A (en) * | 1937-10-14 | 1940-10-15 | Du Pont | Flotation process for concentrating oxides of iron |
| US2352324A (en) * | 1939-03-21 | 1944-06-27 | American Nepheline Corp | Beneficiation of feldspathic and similar ores |
| US2388471A (en) * | 1943-11-03 | 1945-11-06 | Erie Mining Co | Beneficiation of magnetite concentrates by flotation |
| US2483890A (en) * | 1946-03-25 | 1949-10-04 | Erie Mining Co | Cationic froth flotation of iron ore |
| US3032189A (en) * | 1958-11-17 | 1962-05-01 | Int Minerals & Chem Corp | Beneficiation of phosphatic ores |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3710934A (en) * | 1970-06-29 | 1973-01-16 | Canadian Patents Dev | Concentration of spodumene using flotation |
| US3974067A (en) * | 1974-10-08 | 1976-08-10 | Anglo-American Clays Corporation | Method for improving clay brightness utilizing magnetic separation |
| US4097372A (en) * | 1974-10-08 | 1978-06-27 | Anglo-American Clays Corporation | Method for improving clay brightness utilizing magnetic separation |
| US4303204A (en) * | 1976-10-28 | 1981-12-01 | Reynolds Metals Company | Upgrading of bauxites, bauxitic clays, and aluminum mineral bearing clays |
| US4192738A (en) * | 1978-10-23 | 1980-03-11 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior | Process for scavenging iron from tailings produced by flotation beneficiation and for increasing iron ore recovery |
| WO2008077849A1 (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2008-07-03 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Amine formulations for reverse froth flotation of silicates from iron ore |
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