US3272987A - Arrangement for irradiating an object with radioactive radiation - Google Patents

Arrangement for irradiating an object with radioactive radiation Download PDF

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Publication number
US3272987A
US3272987A US232827A US23282762A US3272987A US 3272987 A US3272987 A US 3272987A US 232827 A US232827 A US 232827A US 23282762 A US23282762 A US 23282762A US 3272987 A US3272987 A US 3272987A
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United States
Prior art keywords
radiation
channel
radioactive
arrangement
inner chamber
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Expired - Lifetime
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US232827A
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English (en)
Inventor
Kohn Andre
Aupee Jean
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Institut de Recherches de la Siderurgie Francaise IRSID
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Institut de Recherches de la Siderurgie Francaise IRSID
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
    • G21K1/00—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating
    • G21K1/02—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating using diaphragms, collimators
    • G21K1/04—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating using diaphragms, collimators using variable diaphragms, shutters, choppers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F5/00—Transportable or portable shielded containers
    • G21F5/02—Transportable or portable shielded containers with provision for restricted exposure of a radiation source within the container

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns an arrangement for irradiating an object with radioactive radiation, a method becoming more and more popular in various industries eg. in rolling mills for examining sheet material in the course of its manufacture so as to detect flaws, to determine its thickness or the like.
  • radioactive radiation e.g. gamma radiation constitutes a considerable hazard for the personnel. Therefore, a body of radioactive material intended to be used for irradiating an object is ordinarily shielded by being enclosed in a heavy container composed predominantly of material absorbing radioactive radiation.
  • the container must have at least one opening through which the desired radioactove radiation can be released in direction toward the object to be irradiated. For the sake of safety against unintentional irradiation of objects or personnel this opening would have to be normally covered and be uncovered only when irradiation of an object is desired.
  • a cover establishing safety would have to be very heavy and as thick as the lwalls of the protective container, and therefore it would require considerable forces to move the cover between a position in which the opening of the container is covered and a position in which it is uncovered.
  • a cover establishing safety would have to be very heavy and as thick as the lwalls of the protective container, and therefore it would require considerable forces to move the cover between a position in which the opening of the container is covered and a position in which it is uncovered.
  • its movement between the above mentioned positions could hardly be carried out with the high speed which is desirable.
  • the invention includes an arrangement for irradiating an object with radioactive radiation, comprising, in combination, container means composed predominantly of material absorbing .radioactive radiation and including an inner chamber of predetermined dimensions, said container means further including a channel leading in a predetermined direction from a selected portion of said inner chamber to the outside of said container means; a body of 4radioactive material arranged Within said inner chamber and having dimensions smaller than those of said inner chamber so as to be movable therein between a first position in which said body of radioactive material is located opposite the inner end of said channel whereby its radiation is released to the outside in said direction of said channel toward an object that may be present opposite the outer end of said channel, and a second position in Which said body of radioactive materia-l is located within said inner chamber at a distance from said inner end of said 3,272,987 Patented Sept. 13, 1966 channel whereby said radiation is blocked from reaching the outside; and moving means alternatively moving said body of radioactive material from said first position t-o said second position, and vice versa
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating one e-mbodiment of the invention with a body of radioactive material in shielded position;
  • FIG. 2 is a similar illustration of the same embodiment showing the body of radioactive material in op- 'erative position for irradiating an object;
  • FIG. 3 is a -schematic diagram illustrating a simplified embodiment of the invention, with the body of radioactive material in shielded position;
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the same arrangement as FIG. 3, with the body of radioactive material in operative position for irradiating an object.
  • a thick-wall container 3 made predominantly of material absorbing radioactive radiation is provided with an inner chamber 3 of predetermined dimension, the lefthand portion whereof is connected by a channel 4 in a predetermined direction transverse of the longitudinal dimension of the chamber 3 with the outside surface of the container 3.
  • a carrier 2 supporting a body 1 of radioactive material is arranged for being movable in longitudinal direction along the chamber 3 between a first position in which the body 1 of radioactive material is located opposite the inner end of the channel 4, as shown in FIG. 2, whereby radiation from the body 1 is released in the above mentioned direction through the channel 4 to the outside, and a second position, shown in FIG.
  • a second channel 3" extends in longitudinal direction of the chamber 3 through the entire block or container 3 so that guide rods 7 and 7 may be moved slidably along this second channel 3".
  • a hydraulic or pneumatic device for moving the carrier 2 with its body 1 of radioactive material a hydraulic or pneumatic device is provided which comprises a cylinder S and a piston 6 movable therein and connected with the guide rod 7.
  • the two opposite ends of the cylinder 5 are connected by Huid lines 8 and 9', respectively, with solenoid valves 8 and 9, respectively.
  • Both valves are constructed in the same manner.
  • the valve 8 comprises a body and a control plunger 12 with transverse bores so that, depending upon the position of the plunger 12, the uid line 8 is either connected with a pressure fluid input line 10 coming from a source of compressed iiuid medium (gas or liquid) or with an exhaust line S".
  • valve 9 connects depending upon its position either the uid line 9 with the supply line 10 or with an exhaust line 9".
  • Solenoid means 11 and 11a cooperate with the plungers 12 and 13, respectively, so as to move the latter, upon energization of the solenoid, from a first position as shown in FIG. 1 for the valve 9, to a second position as shown in FIG. 1 for valve t8,
  • Spring means or the like may be provided for returning the plungers from said second position to said first position as indicated by the arrows 12' and 13', respectively.
  • valves 8 and 9 When the valves 8 and 9 are in the positions as illustrated in FIG. 1 i.e. when the solenoid 11 is energized, the pressure fluid from supply line is applied through valve 8 and line 8 to one side of the piston 6 so that the latter is moved in the direction of the arrow 6 whereby the carrier 2 with the radioactive body 1 is placed in the position shown in FIG. l in which radiation from the body 1 to the outside is blocked. While the piston 6 has been moved in the direction of arrow 6 the pressure fluid on the other side thereof has been permitted to escape through line 9' and through valve 9 and the exhaust line 9".
  • the solenoids 11 and 11a are connected, as shown, with a controlled source of electric energy B.
  • This source may comprise for instance relays which depending upon their energization apply electric current alternatively either to the solenoid 11 or to the solenoid 11a.
  • the source B or the above mentioned relays therein may be controlled by manual control C for intentionally establishing either the position of the valves as shown in FIG. l or the position of the valves as illustrated by FIG. 2.
  • solenoid valves are available which operate with -great rapidity so that by using such solenoid valves great rapidity of the movement of the carrier 2 with its body of radioactive material 1 can be accomplished.
  • photoresponsive ydevices may be arranged opposite the outer end of the channel 4 and connected with the controlled source B through an automatic control device A so that depending upon energization and de-energization of the photo-responsive means the controlled source B is correspondingly -controlled or actuated in a manner analogous to the above described manual control.
  • two photo-cells 14a and 14b are arranged opposite the channel 4 but spaced from each other a predetermined distance so that the midpoint between the cells 14a and 14b is substantially in alignment with the center line of channel 4.
  • the photo-cells 14a and 14b are so connected with the automatic control A and the latter is so constructed that the controlled source B is actuated in one or the other way only when both photo-cells 14a yand 14b are simultaneously energized or one of them is de-energized, as the case may be.
  • the reason for this and for the use of two photo-cells in this arrangement is the following.
  • the purpose of the automatic photo-electric control is to automatically move the carrier 2 with the ibody 1 into radiation-releasing position according to FIG. 2 only when an object 15 as shown in FIG. 2 moving in the direction of the arrow X has reached a position in which it intercepts the entire beam 4 of radioactive radiation released through channel 4. Since this beam composed e.g.
  • the photocells 14a and 14b should be sensitive to infra-red radiation. When energized by such radiation they will cause the automatic control A to actuate the controlled source B in such a manner that the valves 8 and 9 are placed in the condition shown in FIG. 2 and correspondingly the body 1 of radioactive material is placed opposite the inner end of the channel 4. On the other hand, whenever the object 15 is not in a position to intercept the radioactive beam 4', at least one of the photo-cells 14a or 14b is de-energized whereby in a manner analogous to that described above the carrier 2 with the body 1 is automatically removed to the position according to FIG. l.
  • the material of the object 15 does not emit infra-red radiation but is simply lopaque then a slightly different arrangement should be used.
  • one or two light sources 14C, 14e should be placed in the area of the outer end of the channel 4 so as to throw light beams 14 and 14", respectively, in direction toward the photo-cells 14a and 14b.
  • both photo-cells 14a and 14b are normally energized simultaneously. If now an opaque object 15 is moved into a position in which it intercepts not only the radioactive beam 4' but also the light beams 14 and 14" the photo-cells 14a and 14b are simultaneously de-energized.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 correspond in general to the arrangement illustrated by FIGS. 1 and 2 except that the arrangement is somewhat simplified. Instead of two valves only one valve 9 is provided which serves in the position shown by FIG. 4 to cause application olf Ithe pressure fluid through line 9' to the cylinder 5 so as to move the piston 6 in the direction of arrow 6 whereby the carrier 2 with the body 1 is placed in position opposite the channel 4.
  • a return spring 6a is provided in the cylinder 5 for returning Ithe piston 6 and with it the carrier 2 to the position as shown in FIG. 3. This return movement will take place as soon as the solenoid valve 9 is de-energized and assumes t-he position shown in FIG. 1.
  • the operation of this simplified arrangement is otherwise quite analogous to that described above with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the arrangement could be advantageously supplemented by one or more relays or similar means which respond to other general conditions applying to the area where the irradiation arrangement according to the invention is located so that by this relay or these relays either the electric supply to the control arrangement or the supply of pressure fluid, or both, are interrupted, or that by actuation of the controlled source B the arrangement is actuated to move t-he body l into blocked position, whenever lthe general conditions mentioned above are suc-h that the release of radiation from the body 1 must be or should be prevented.
  • An arrangement for irradiating lan object with radioactive radiation comprising, in combination, container means composed predominantly of material absorbing radioactive radiation and including an inner chamber of predetermined dimensions, said container means further including a channel leading 4in a predetermined direction from a selected portion of said inner chamber to the outside of said container means; la body of radioactive lmaterial arranged within .said inner chamber and having dimensions smaller than those of said inner chamber so as to be movable therein between a first position in which said body of radioactive material is located opposite the inner end of said channel whereby its radiation is released to the outside in said direction of said channel toward an object that may be present opposite the outer end of said channel, and a second position in which said body of radioactive material -is located within said inner chamber at a distance from said inner end of said channel whereby said radiation is blocked from reaching the outside; moving means for alternatively moving said body of radioactive material from said first position to said second position, and vice versa; and control means in operative proximity with said body of radioactive material and in the area of said container means
  • An arrangement for irradiating an object with radioactive radiation comprising, in combination, container means composed predominantly of material absorbing radioactive radiation and including an inner chamber of predetermined dimensions, said container means further including a first channel leading in a predetermined direction from a selected portion of said inner chamber to the outside of said container means and a second channel leading from said inner chamber in at least one direction transverse of said predetermined direction of said first channel to the outside of said container means; carrier means movable within said inner chamber and in said second channel; :a body of radioactive material arranged Within said inner chamber and having dimensions smaller than those of said inner chamber and supported by said carrier means, said carrier means with said body lof radioactive material being movable between a iirst position in which said body of radioactive material is located opposite the inner end of said channel whereby its radiation is released to the outside in said direction of said channel toward an object that may be present opposite the outer end ⁇ of said channel, and a second position in which said body of radioactive material is located within said inner chamber at a distance from said
  • An arrangement for irradiating an object with radioactive radiation comprising, in combination, container means composed predominantly of material absorbing radioactive radiation 4and including an inner chamber of predetermined dimensions, said container means further including a iirst channel leading in a predetermined direction from a selected portion of said inner chamber to the outside of said container means and a second channel leading from said inner chamber in at least one direction transverse of said predetermined direction of said iirst channel to the outside of said container means; carrier means movable within said inner chamber and in said second channel; a body of radioactive material arranged within said inner chamber and having dimensions smaller than those of said inner chamber and supported by said carrier means, said carrier means with said body of radioactive material being movable between a first position in which said body of radioactive material is located opposite the inner end of said channel whereby its radiation is released to the outside in said direction of said channel toward 1an object that may be present opposite of said fluid medium to said hydraulic means; and control means in operative proximity with said body of radioactive material and in the area of said object
  • fiuid medium causes movement of said piston means in response to control by said fluid control means.
  • said moving means includes cylinder and piston means causing movement of said piston and carrier means to said first position in response to the application thereto of a fiuid medium under pressure, resilient means for causing return movement -of said piston and carrier means when pressure application is dis-continued and fiuid control means for controlling the application of said fiuid medium to said cylinder means for causing movement of said piston means toward said first position.
  • said uid control means includes a source of compressed fiuid medium and fiuid line means to said cylinder means, and further comprising solenoid valve means -arranged in said fluid line means and changeable between opened and closed condition depending upon electrical energization, and electric means for energizing said solenoid valves.
  • said cylinder and piston means are double-acting cylinder and piston means, wherein said fluid control means causes alternative movement of said piston means in one and the opposite direction, respectively, and said iiuid line means includes first and second fluid line means to the opposite ends, respectively, of said cylinder means, said solenoid valve means being arranged in said first and second fluid line means, respectively and each being changeable between opened and closed condition, and further comprising electric means for alternatively energizing one of said solenoid valve means to assume open condition while causing the other one to assume closed condition, and vice versa.
  • control means include infra-red light responsive means located substantially opposite the outer end of said first channel in said predetermined direction thereof for causing energization of said solenoid valve means when an object to be irradiated and emitting itself infra-red light radiation is placed between said outer end of said first channel and said infra-red light responsive means.
  • control means include infra-red light responsive means located substantially opposite the outer end of said first channel in said predetermined direction thereof for causing, when an object to be irradiated and emitting itself infra-red light radiation is placed between said outer end of said first channel and said infra-red light responsive means energization of said first solenoid valve means, for causing opening of the latter and correspondingly movement of said carrier means to said first position thereof.
  • control means include light source means located in the area of the outer end of said first channel and light responsive means located substantially opposite the outer end of said first channel in said predetermined direction thereof for causing, when an opaque object to be irradiated is placed between said outer end of said first channel and said light responsive means, energization of said first solenoid valve means for causing opening of the latter and correspondingly movement of said carrier means to said first position thereof.
  • control means include infra-red light responsive means located substantially opposite the outer end of said first channel in said predetermined direction thereof for causing, when an object to be irradiated and emitting itself infra-red light radiation is placed between said outer end of said first channel and said infra-red light responsive means, energization of said solenoid valve means for causing opening of the latter and correspondingly movement of said carrier means to said first position thereof.
  • control means include light source means located in the area of the outer end of said first channel and light responsive means located substantially opposite the outer end of said first channel in said predetermined direction thereof for causing, when an opaque object to be irradiated is placed between said outer end of said first channel and said light responsive means, energization of said solenoid valve means for causing opening of the latter and correspondingly movement of said carrier means to said first position thereof.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
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US232827A 1961-11-07 1962-10-24 Arrangement for irradiating an object with radioactive radiation Expired - Lifetime US3272987A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR878165A FR1313153A (fr) 1961-11-07 1961-11-07 Dispositif d'occultation rapide d'une source radioactive

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BE (1) BE623784A (sv)
DE (1) DE1865183U (sv)
FR (1) FR1313153A (sv)
GB (1) GB957141A (sv)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3496361A (en) * 1961-09-12 1970-02-17 Republic Steel Corp Apparatus for producing a collimated beam of radioactive rays
US4516256A (en) * 1980-06-27 1985-05-07 Rontgen Technische Dienst B.V. Movable projector unit for gamma radiation for welding control purposes with pipe-lines and the like
US4897550A (en) * 1987-08-21 1990-01-30 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Apparatus for the characterization of fissile material having at least one neutron radiation detector located in a gamma radiation detection scintillator
CN108802800A (zh) * 2017-05-05 2018-11-13 中国辐射防护研究院 用于辐照过程中放射源定位与输运的信息化自洽装置

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103245679B (zh) * 2013-05-10 2015-06-17 中国原子能科学研究院 透射源装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2732083A (en) * 1956-01-24 smith
US2822776A (en) * 1956-05-24 1958-02-11 Nuclear Corp Of America Inc Cargo vessel
US2965761A (en) * 1956-12-07 1960-12-20 Canadian Curtiss Wright Ltd Remote radiography camera
US2999591A (en) * 1958-10-23 1961-09-12 Industrial Nucleonics Corp Container inspection system
US3032661A (en) * 1957-03-04 1962-05-01 Nuclear Corp Of America Inc Teletherapy head having shielding carrier for radioactive source

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2732083A (en) * 1956-01-24 smith
US2822776A (en) * 1956-05-24 1958-02-11 Nuclear Corp Of America Inc Cargo vessel
US2965761A (en) * 1956-12-07 1960-12-20 Canadian Curtiss Wright Ltd Remote radiography camera
US3032661A (en) * 1957-03-04 1962-05-01 Nuclear Corp Of America Inc Teletherapy head having shielding carrier for radioactive source
US2999591A (en) * 1958-10-23 1961-09-12 Industrial Nucleonics Corp Container inspection system

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3496361A (en) * 1961-09-12 1970-02-17 Republic Steel Corp Apparatus for producing a collimated beam of radioactive rays
US4516256A (en) * 1980-06-27 1985-05-07 Rontgen Technische Dienst B.V. Movable projector unit for gamma radiation for welding control purposes with pipe-lines and the like
US4897550A (en) * 1987-08-21 1990-01-30 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Apparatus for the characterization of fissile material having at least one neutron radiation detector located in a gamma radiation detection scintillator
CN108802800A (zh) * 2017-05-05 2018-11-13 中国辐射防护研究院 用于辐照过程中放射源定位与输运的信息化自洽装置

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GB957141A (en) 1964-05-06
BE623784A (sv)
DE1865183U (de) 1963-01-10
FR1313153A (fr) 1962-12-28

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