US3269148A - Knitting method and machine - Google Patents

Knitting method and machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3269148A
US3269148A US232552A US23255262A US3269148A US 3269148 A US3269148 A US 3269148A US 232552 A US232552 A US 232552A US 23255262 A US23255262 A US 23255262A US 3269148 A US3269148 A US 3269148A
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United States
Prior art keywords
needles
knitting
cam
group
feed
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US232552A
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English (en)
Inventor
John J Millar
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Scott and Williams Inc
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Scott and Williams Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE638993D priority Critical patent/BE638993A/xx
Application filed by Scott and Williams Inc filed Critical Scott and Williams Inc
Priority to US232552A priority patent/US3269148A/en
Priority to GB39279/63A priority patent/GB999697A/en
Priority to FR950475A priority patent/FR1376007A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3269148A publication Critical patent/US3269148A/en
Assigned to SCOTT & WILLIAMS INCORPORATED reassignment SCOTT & WILLIAMS INCORPORATED ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: SCOTT & WILLIAMS INC.
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B9/00—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles
    • D04B9/20—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles with provision for narrowing or widening; with reciprocatory action, e.g. for knitting of flat portions
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/22—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration
    • D04B1/24—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel
    • D04B1/26—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel stockings
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/10—Patterned fabrics or articles
    • D04B1/102—Patterned fabrics or articles with stitch pattern
    • D04B1/108—Gussets, e.g. pouches or heel or toe portions

Definitions

  • the multifeed knitting of stockings has the particular advantage of speeding up the rate of production.
  • rotary knit portions of stockings were produced by multifeed knitting, but reciprocatory knitting of heel and toe pockets was carried out single feed.
  • two-feed knitting of heels and toes was effected and is now in widespread use, having the advantages of further speeding up production, particularly since reciprocatory knitting must generally be carried out at a lower rate of operation than rotary knitting.
  • Lawson Patent 2,440,280 and McDonough Patent 2,576,962 show the basic aspects of multifecd knitting, including such knitting of heel and toe pockets, and reference may be made thereto for background information in conncction with the present invention. 1
  • the conventional two-feed pockets are characterized by the presence of enlarged and somewhat irregular eyelet loops in the gores, giving an appearance to the stocking which it not fullysatisfactory. It is the general object of the present invention to provide stockings having an improved appearance at the pockets, with elimination of the enlarged eyelet loops.
  • the invention involves the production of heel and/or toe pockets formed, in contrast with the usual sequence of first narrowing and then widening, a sequence of operation in which initiation, at least, of the pockets is by widening, followed, if desired for the sake of appearance, by narrowing.
  • This final narrowing is not necessary, but it may be desirable, in the formation of a pocket of adequate extent, to avoid having the pocket, usually reinforced, appear above the shoe line.
  • FIGURE 1 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the foot portion of a stocking produced in accordance with the invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a diagram illustrating a typical layout of needle butts of different lengths
  • FIGURES 3 to 6, inclusive are developments of the ncedlecontrolling cams and other elements used in accordance with the invention, these figures indicating the paths of needle butts for various phases of the operation:
  • FIGURE 7 is a diagram illustrative of the sequence of operations involved in the formation of a pocket.
  • FIGURE 8 is a diagram showing the stitch formations involved at the junctions between rotary and reciprocatory knit portions of a stocking.
  • FIGURES 2 to 6, inclusive The parts of a two-feed circular knitting machine involved particularly in the invent-ion will be first described with reference to FIGURES 2 to 6, inclusive. It will be understood that the matters about to be described are embodied in quite conventional two-feed machines which are weli-known' and exemplified by the patents referred to above, so that the description need ice not be burdened with reference to conventional details.
  • the machine may be assumed to be of rotary cylinder type, with the usual provisions for effecting rotation and reciprocation of the needle cylinder, controls of conventional type being used.
  • Latch needles 2 provided with butts 4 are slid-able in slots in the necdle cylinder 6 and cooperate with sinkers 8, operated in usual fashion, for the production of stitches. Not shown, since they play no part in the achievement of the results of the present invention are jacks and other elements which may be conventionally used for the production of tuck or float patterns in the fabric. The needles may also be associated with the usual elements for the production of turned welts.
  • the butts 4 of the needles are of different length as indicated particularly in FIGURE 2. To indicate relative lengths of the needle butts, their representations in this figure have associated with them figures in parentheses which indicate typical butt lengths, the butts being differentiated in the desired fashion to provide selectivity of operation. Howcver, the butts may be provided with additional d-iiferentiations in length for additional purposes. Groups of instep needles are indicated at 10, 12 and 12', and, as will appear, the differentiation of these needles is for the production of toes which are to be looped below the foot. The sole needles are provided by the groups 14, 14' and 16, the differentiation being to form heels.
  • Two feeding stations are provided, the first being indicated generally at 18 and involving the throat 20 together with yarn feeding fingers 22 of which only one is illustrated.
  • the second feed is indicated at 24 and involves the throat 26 together with feeding fingers 28.
  • multiple fingers may be used at both feeds to effect yarnchanges involving, for exam-pie, the introduction of yarn heavier than leg yarn for the formation of heels and toes.
  • cam 30 which, however, provides the respective stitch earns 32 and 34 for the two feeds.
  • Cam 32 serves as the forward cam for the feed 18, and cam 34 serves as the reverse stitch cam 'for feed 24.
  • the cam 30 is provided with wings 36 and 38 and with notches 40 and 42.
  • the forward stitch cam, for the second feed is shown at 44, and the re verse stitch cam for the first feed at 46.
  • a landing cam 48 is provided with a rise 50 for raising needles to tuck level, and this is followed by a cam 52 for clearing.
  • the second feed forward stitch cam is associated with a landing cam 54 which is followed by a cam 56 for raising needles to tuck level. This is followed by a radially movable'switch cam 58 arranged to raise needles to inactive level.
  • Landing cam 64 is associated with stitch cam 46, and following this in the reverse direction is the cam 66 far raising the needles to tuck level.
  • Pickers 68 and 70 are provided for raising needles during reciprocatory knitting as here after described.
  • a lowering picker 72 may be received in a notch 74 in a cam 75, and cooperates with cams 76 and 78 in the restoration of inactive needles to active operation.
  • a needle lowering cam 80 and a needle raising cam 82 are provided.
  • cams described are radially or axially movable for various purposes; but movability for purposes of carrying out the present invention may be best described when the operation is considered.
  • this stocking may be conventional and need not be described, though it may be assumed to have the usual turned welt and shadow welt preceding the leg 86.
  • the pertinent aspects of the invention begin at the initiation of heel knitting, and the last rotary knit course of the leg is indicating at 88.
  • the heel 90 is then started with reciprocatory knitting with widening up to the point 92 corresponding to the reciprocatory course 94, thus delimiting the widened portion 96 of the heel. Following this there may be narrowing, if desired, to provide the narrowed portion 98, also formed by reciprocatory knitting.
  • the lines drawn across the heel are to designate generally the directions in which courses lie in the finished boarded stocking.
  • Rotary knitting is then resumed with the course as indicated at 99 to produce the foot 100 of the stocking.
  • the narrow portion 98 of the heel need not necessarily be produced; however, if the heel is wide, and is extended sufficiently lengthwise, continued widening might result in causing the forward corners of the heel to project so far upwardly into the instep as to raise them above the normal line of a shoe and produce an unsightly appearance. By passing to a narrowing condition, this is avoided while still providing forward extension of the heel portion of the stocking which is generally desirably produced by using yarns heavier than those of the leg.
  • the ring toe may comprise any desired number of courses, being knit twofeed. While the toe may be formed on the sole needles, it is generally desirable to form it on the instep needles so that the looping will be on the underside of the stocking. Accordingly, only a small panel of instep needles begins the reciprocatory knitting of the toe, the first course of the toe being indicated at 106. Widening is then carried out, as in the case of the heel formation, to provide a widened toe portion 107.
  • toe and heel pockets produced in novel fashion, but one of the major advantages of so doing is to produce at the junctions 114 and 116 stitch formations which involve only small loops without producing the appearance of enlarged eyelets such as are characteristic if two feed heels and toes are knitted in conventional fashion, i.e., with a sequence of narrowing followed by widening.
  • thermoplastic yarn such as nylon
  • the needles pass through the cam from right to left. Entering along the tuck level path 118, they are cleared by the rise at 120 and are then depressed by cam 36 and cam 32 along the path 122 to take yarn at the first feed 18 and draw stitches. They are then raised to cleared level at 124 over cams 50 and S2 and are depressed by cam 44 along path 126 to take yarn at the second feed 24 and draw stitches thereof. They are then raised successively by cams 54 and 56 to the tuck level path 128 which is continuous with 118.
  • two-feed knitting of the leg takes place in quite conventional fashion. This may be modified, of course, to provide tuck or fioat patterns by jack selection, as usual.
  • the needles of the group 14 at the level 132, will start at a position-to the left of the dropper pick 72, as viewed in the figure.
  • the needles of group 16 will be in the tuck level path 136.
  • the two leading needles of the group 14 will engage and be lowered by the pick 72 along the path 138 to the path 140.
  • the remaining inactive needles will continue on the path 132.
  • the needles of group 16 enter the left of FIG- URE 4 and move upwardly at 142 over the stitch cam to be cleared. Here they are joined by the two needles of group 14 which have been picked down.
  • the first needle of the group 16 will not have been preceded by any other active needlcs,.and will accordingly engage, and be lifted by, the picker 70 along the path 144 so as to be placed with the inactive group in path 132.
  • the remaining needles of the group 16 and the two lowered needles of group 14 now follow the path 146 and are depressed along path 148 by earns 38 and 34 to take yarn at the second feed 24 and draw stitches thereof. They are then raised to cleared height by earns 60 and 62 to be again lowered along path 152 by cam 46 to take and draw stitches from the yarn at the first feed 18. Following this they are raised to tuck level along path 154 by cam 66, winding up on path 136.
  • the active needles of group 16 are located beneath the lowering pick 72.
  • the result is to knit two pocket courseswith widening of the pocket by one needle wale.
  • the last results from the fact that two needles are lowered into action and one needle is removed from action.
  • FIGURE 5 illustrates what occurs during a forward stroke in the widening operation.
  • the group of active needles, located in the path 156, are led in the forward stroke by two needles of the group 14 which were picked down in the preceding reverse stroke. All of these active needles are raised to clearing level at 158, and the leading needle, one of group 14, engages the picker 68 and is raised to the inactive path 132 along the path 160.
  • the needles of group 16 were below the picker 72 and the needles of group 14 were to the right of this picker.
  • the leading inactive needle will be that of group 16 adjacent to the group 14' which was picked up as already described by pick 70.
  • This and the first needle of the group 14' will now be moved downwardly by pick 72 along path 162 to the path 164, and these needles will join the active needles, at the end of the active group, over the cam 46.
  • the active needles then follow the path shown which, through the knitting cam, is the same as that shown and described with reference to FIGURE 3; i.e., the active needles take the yarns at both feeds to draw stitches.
  • the main drum is advanced and the dropping pick 72 is moved downwardly to its inactive position. Assuming that a narrowed area of the heel is now to be formed, operation continues just as described with reference to FIGURES 4 and 5 with the exception that needles are not added to the active group by downward picking. The raising of needles by the pickers 68 and 70, however, continues, so that the result is the net removal of one needle during each stroke. This results in narrowing.
  • cams involved only in reciprocatory knitting such as stitch cam 46 and cam 60 may be withdrawn.
  • stitch cam 46 is indicated as withdrawn, clearing in the forward direction being effected by cam 62.
  • the cam 46 may remain in action, effecting merely a higher level of clearing than cam 62.
  • the timing of the shift is such that the cylinder is rotated relative to the position which is occupied during leg knitting with respect to the drive.
  • This shift of the needle cylinder is conventional in effecting knitting so that the toe closure is at the bottom of the stocking.
  • the main cam drum is advanced during the passage of the needles of group 16 through the feeds and yarn fingers are changed with substitution of heavier yarns for the lighter yarns, with overlap, in the usual fashion.
  • the rotary knitting is continued for a few courses to form the reinforced ring toe.
  • cam 58 is moved inwardly during the passage of the needles of group 10 adequately far to raise only the .390 butt needles to the inactive path 132.
  • earn 82 is moved in to the cylinder under these raised needles, and as the cylinder continues rotation, this calm raises to inactive position the needles of the group 14, 16 and 14'.
  • the needles of group 12' are raised to the inactive path by cam 58, and as these are passing the cam 82, this cam is withdrawn.
  • all of the needles with the exception of those of group 10 are now inactive, and the trailing needle of group 10 is the last to knit in rotary knitting.
  • the dropper pick 72 is moved up to active position, the active needles of group 10 being in the front of the machine below this dropper pick.
  • the machine clutch is shifted from rotary to reciprocatory drive.
  • Cam 58 is withdrawn after it completes the raising of the needles of group 12'.
  • narrowing may also be effected after widening; but this serves no particularly useful purpose, and the two-feed reciprooatory knitting of the toe may terminate when desired widening has been achieved.
  • FIGURE 7 illustrates the sequence of courses involved in the formation of the heel pocket P, the yarns Y and Y at the two feeds being differentiated. This shows the paths of courses of the two yarns as they occur in the reciprocatory knitting.
  • the particular advantage of the present invention is the production of junctions at the sides of the stockings between the reciprocatorally knit sections and the rotary knit sections which do not involve the formation of open loops or eyelets.
  • the particular nature of the concatenations involved at these junctions will be clear from consideration of FIGURE 8 which shows in fragmentary fashion, the junctions formed by four needles during widening and narrowing, widening being at the lower portion of the figure and narrowing at the upper portion.
  • the lines marked N N N and N may be followed through the wales to indicate the wales formed on corresponding needles and particularly the interlockings of the stitches along the junction lines between the rotary and reciprocatory knit areas.
  • a circular knitting machine comprising at least two feeds

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
  • Socks And Pantyhose (AREA)
  • Knitting Machines (AREA)
US232552A 1962-10-23 1962-10-23 Knitting method and machine Expired - Lifetime US3269148A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE638993D BE638993A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1962-10-23
US232552A US3269148A (en) 1962-10-23 1962-10-23 Knitting method and machine
GB39279/63A GB999697A (en) 1962-10-23 1963-10-04 Improvements in or relating to stockings and methods of and machines for knitting the same
FR950475A FR1376007A (fr) 1962-10-23 1963-10-14 Bas perfectionné et son procédé de tricotage

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US232552A US3269148A (en) 1962-10-23 1962-10-23 Knitting method and machine

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US3269148A true US3269148A (en) 1966-08-30

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BE (1) BE638993A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2421974A1 (fr) * 1978-04-03 1979-11-02 Lonati Cost Mecc Dispositif pour la variation du nombre d'aiguilles en position de travail dans une machine a tricotage circulaire pour bas ou analogues.
FR2484476A1 (fr) * 1980-06-12 1981-12-18 Vatter Strumpffab Procede pour tricoter des bas
FR2484475A1 (fr) * 1980-06-12 1981-12-18 Vatter Strumpffab Machine circulaire a tricoter les bas a plusiers systemes
FR2484477A1 (fr) * 1980-06-12 1981-12-18 Vatter Strumpffab Procede et machine a tricoter circulaire pour le tricotage des bas
EP2199445A1 (de) 2008-12-22 2010-06-23 Kunert Fashion GmbH & Co. KG Beinbekleidungsstück aus Maschenware und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1815936C2 (de) * 1967-12-29 1982-07-29 Vinicio Prato Firenze Luchi Verfahren zum Stricken eines Beutels und mehrsystemige Rundstrickmaschine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
GB2316418B (en) * 1996-08-20 2001-02-28 Britt Helsing Kisby Knitted socks

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US490241A (en) * 1893-01-17 Joseph black
US686956A (en) * 1901-03-23 1901-11-19 Bernard T Steber Stocking.
US1592460A (en) * 1921-06-22 1926-07-13 Emil A Hirner Hosiery manufacture
US1635712A (en) * 1921-06-22 1927-07-12 Emil A Hirner Manufacture of hosiery
US2440280A (en) * 1943-11-13 1948-04-27 Scott & Williams Inc Knitting machine and method of knitting
US2576962A (en) * 1948-04-26 1951-12-04 Scott & Williams Inc Circular multifeed hosiery knitting machine and method of operating same
US2590008A (en) * 1948-04-26 1952-03-18 Scott & Williams Inc Circular-knit multifeed stocking and method of making same
US2658365A (en) * 1948-10-04 1953-11-10 Scott & Williams Inc Circular multifeed hosiery knitting machine and method of operating same
US2736177A (en) * 1956-02-28 Knitting machine and method
DE1099686B (de) * 1958-04-24 1961-02-16 Rund Und Flachstrickmaschb Kar Verfahren und Rundstrickmaschine zum Herstellen eines sich beiderseitig verbreiternden Warenstueckes
US3004418A (en) * 1957-01-14 1961-10-17 Scott & Williams Inc Knitted stocking
US3054279A (en) * 1958-10-07 1962-09-18 H E Crawford Company Inc Heel structure for hosiery

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US490241A (en) * 1893-01-17 Joseph black
US2736177A (en) * 1956-02-28 Knitting machine and method
US686956A (en) * 1901-03-23 1901-11-19 Bernard T Steber Stocking.
US1592460A (en) * 1921-06-22 1926-07-13 Emil A Hirner Hosiery manufacture
US1635712A (en) * 1921-06-22 1927-07-12 Emil A Hirner Manufacture of hosiery
US2440280A (en) * 1943-11-13 1948-04-27 Scott & Williams Inc Knitting machine and method of knitting
US2576962A (en) * 1948-04-26 1951-12-04 Scott & Williams Inc Circular multifeed hosiery knitting machine and method of operating same
US2590008A (en) * 1948-04-26 1952-03-18 Scott & Williams Inc Circular-knit multifeed stocking and method of making same
US2658365A (en) * 1948-10-04 1953-11-10 Scott & Williams Inc Circular multifeed hosiery knitting machine and method of operating same
US3004418A (en) * 1957-01-14 1961-10-17 Scott & Williams Inc Knitted stocking
DE1099686B (de) * 1958-04-24 1961-02-16 Rund Und Flachstrickmaschb Kar Verfahren und Rundstrickmaschine zum Herstellen eines sich beiderseitig verbreiternden Warenstueckes
US3054279A (en) * 1958-10-07 1962-09-18 H E Crawford Company Inc Heel structure for hosiery

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2421974A1 (fr) * 1978-04-03 1979-11-02 Lonati Cost Mecc Dispositif pour la variation du nombre d'aiguilles en position de travail dans une machine a tricotage circulaire pour bas ou analogues.
FR2484476A1 (fr) * 1980-06-12 1981-12-18 Vatter Strumpffab Procede pour tricoter des bas
FR2484475A1 (fr) * 1980-06-12 1981-12-18 Vatter Strumpffab Machine circulaire a tricoter les bas a plusiers systemes
FR2484477A1 (fr) * 1980-06-12 1981-12-18 Vatter Strumpffab Procede et machine a tricoter circulaire pour le tricotage des bas
EP2199445A1 (de) 2008-12-22 2010-06-23 Kunert Fashion GmbH & Co. KG Beinbekleidungsstück aus Maschenware und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

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Publication number Publication date
GB999697A (en) 1965-07-28
BE638993A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1900-01-01

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