US3267354A - Voltage stabilizer including light coupling between gas discharge tube and photoresistor - Google Patents

Voltage stabilizer including light coupling between gas discharge tube and photoresistor Download PDF

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Publication number
US3267354A
US3267354A US224404A US22440462A US3267354A US 3267354 A US3267354 A US 3267354A US 224404 A US224404 A US 224404A US 22440462 A US22440462 A US 22440462A US 3267354 A US3267354 A US 3267354A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
voltage
tube
resistor
discharge tube
gas
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Expired - Lifetime
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US224404A
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English (en)
Inventor
Deelman Gerardus Jacobus
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US Philips Corp
North American Philips Co Inc
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US Philips Corp
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/625—Regulating voltage or current wherein it is irrelevant whether the variable actually regulated is ac or dc
    • G05F1/63—Regulating voltage or current wherein it is irrelevant whether the variable actually regulated is ac or dc using variable impedances in series with the load as final control devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F3/00—Non-retroactive systems for regulating electric variables by using an uncontrolled element, or an uncontrolled combination of elements, such element or such combination having self-regulating properties
    • G05F3/02—Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F3/08—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is dc
    • G05F3/10—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is dc using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics
    • G05F3/12—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is dc using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics being glow discharge tubes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to voltage stabilization circuits using a gas-discharge tube.
  • a photosensitive resistor is used in combination with a gas-discharge tube.
  • the primary object of the invention is to provide voltage stabilization circuits using gas-discharge tubes in which more precise stabilization can be achieved.
  • a photosensitive resistor is connected in parallel or in series with the circuit comp-rising the gas-discharge tube. With the parallel connection, a stabilized voltage is set up across the photosensitive resistor; with the series connection, a stabilized voltage is set up across the series combination of the gas-discharge tube and the photosensitive resistor.
  • the invention is based on the recognition that the quantity of light emitted in a gas-dis-charge tube by the ionized gas increases with the current through the tube in particular, this increase is substantially linear with a suitably chosen construction and gas filling.
  • This variation of the emitted quantity of light with the currrent is utilized by causing the light to strike a photosensitive resistor connected in parallel or in series with the circuit including the gas-discharge tube.
  • a photosensitive resistor for example a cadmium-sulphide resistor, has the property that its resistance value varies with the quantity of light striking it, the resistance decreasing with an increase in the quantity of light and increasing with a decrease in the quantity of light.
  • This parallel combination may advantageously be used with voltage control of the stabilizing element. be understood to mean that the internal resistance of the relevant source of supply is low With respect to its load resistance.
  • the voltage across the gasdischarge tube will not be constant, but the voltage across the series combination and across the photosensitive resistor respectively is substantially constant.
  • This series combination may advantageously be used with current control of the stabilizing element.
  • current control is to be understood to mean that the internal resistance of the relevant source of supply is high with respect to its load resistance.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of the voltage stabilizer in accordance with the invention in which there The term voltage control is to z Ice is provided a parallel combination of a gas-discharge tube and a photosensitive resistor;
  • FIG. 2 is a graphical representation of the voltage variation across the gas-discharge tube without a photo'- sensi-tive resistor.
  • FIG. 2 also shows the voltage variation across the parallel combination of a gas-discharge tube and a photosensitive resistor;
  • FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of a voltage stabilizer in accordance with the invention using the parallel combination and a transistor
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a voltage stabilizer in accordance with the invention in which there is provided a series combination of a gas discharge tube and a photosensitive resistor.
  • a variable voltage U which may be an incompletely rectified alternating voltage or a D.C. voltage containing a ripple, is connected between terminals 1 and 2.
  • This voltage is supplied through a resistor 5 to the parallel combination of a neon tube 3, for example of the type A2, and a photoresistor 4, which may be composed of cadmium sulphide.
  • the voltage V across this combination has been found to be substantially constant over a wide current range. This is best shown in FIG. 2, wherein curve 10 shows the measured deviation AV of the operating voltage of the neon tube 3 at a current I with respect to the operating voltage at a very small current.
  • Curve 20 shows the measured deviation AV across the parallel combination of the neon tube 3- and the cadmium sulphide resistor 4 as a function of the total current I through this parallel combination. As can be seen from a comparison of the curves of FIG. 2, the parallel combination provides much improved stabilization.
  • a resistor 18 may be connected in series with the gas-discharge-tube 3, in order to prevent too large a current flow through the tube as a result of the difference between the voltage U and the operating voltage of the tube.
  • the parallel combination of the neon tube 3 of the so-called Stabilovolt type and the photoresistor 4 is connected to the base of a transistor 6 having a high dissipation; the transistor may be, for example, of the type ASZ 16.
  • the parallel combination is common both to the external collector-base circuit and to the external emitter-base circuit of the transistor.
  • a variable reference voltage U is applied through resistor 8 to the base of transistor 6.
  • the variable direct voltage U was 300 v.
  • the variable reference voltage U was 320 v.
  • the value of the resistor 8 was approximately 4,0009.
  • the voltage across the parallel combination 3, 4 was again substantially constant (approximately 260 v.) and consequently (as a result oi the transistor properties) the voltage across the load 7 in the emitter circuit is also substantially constant.
  • variable current source 15 passes a current I through the series-combination of a gas-discharge tube 3 and a photosensitive resistor 4.
  • a stabilized voltage V can be taken from the series-combination or a stabilized voltage V, can be taken from the resistor 4; the latter is possible since the quantity of light produced by the tube 3- increases with increase of the current I (and consequently of the voltage drop across the tube 3) and the resistance normally decreases with increased current.
  • the value of the resistor 4 decreases when irradiated by light from the tube 3- and with suitable proportioning it may be achieved that either the product of the resistance value of resistor 4 and the current I is constant or that this product decreases to such an extent that the increasing voltage drop at the tube 3 is compensated for.
  • a voltage stabilizing circuit arrangement comprising: input terminals adapted to be connect-ed to a source of variable voltage, a transistor having emitter, base and collector electrodes, one of said terminals being connected to said collector electrode, a gas discharge tube connected between said base electrode and the other of said input terminals, a photosensitive resistor connected in parallel with said tube, a source of reference voltage coupled to said base electrode, said resistor and said tube being arranged such that the light from said tube impinges on said resist-or, the change in resistance of said resistor due to the impingement of light thereon compensating for changes in voltage across the tube, and a load circuit coupled to said emitter electrode for deriving a stabilized voltage therefrom.
  • a voltage stabilizing circuit arrangement comprising; input terminals adapted to be connected to a source of variable current, a gas discharge tube and a photosensitive resistor connected in series combination coupled References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,062,961 11/1962 Kalns et al 250206 3,078,410 2/1963 Thomas 32322 3,210,549 10/ 1965 Van Santen et al. 250213 OTHER REFERENCES Haining, L. E.: Triggerable Flip Flop Circuit With Electroluminescent and Photoconductive Elements, in RCA Technical Notes, No. 390, June 1960.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
  • Illuminated Signs And Luminous Advertising (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Discharge-Lamp Control Circuits And Pulse- Feed Circuits (AREA)
US224404A 1961-09-21 1962-09-18 Voltage stabilizer including light coupling between gas discharge tube and photoresistor Expired - Lifetime US3267354A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL269485 1961-09-21

Publications (1)

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US3267354A true US3267354A (en) 1966-08-16

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US224404A Expired - Lifetime US3267354A (en) 1961-09-21 1962-09-18 Voltage stabilizer including light coupling between gas discharge tube and photoresistor

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3267354A (ru)
JP (1) JPS394580B1 (ru)
BE (1) BE622640A (ru)
CH (1) CH403025A (ru)
DE (1) DE1438080A1 (ru)
ES (1) ES280911A1 (ru)
FR (1) FR1334157A (ru)
GB (1) GB969117A (ru)
NL (2) NL109519C (ru)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3062961A (en) * 1961-01-03 1962-11-06 Rudolph W Kalns Circuit controlling device
US3078410A (en) * 1959-09-22 1963-02-19 North American Aviation Inc Short circuit protection device
US3210549A (en) * 1960-11-22 1965-10-05 Philips Corp Variable-feedback electro-optical device

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3078410A (en) * 1959-09-22 1963-02-19 North American Aviation Inc Short circuit protection device
US3210549A (en) * 1960-11-22 1965-10-05 Philips Corp Variable-feedback electro-optical device
US3062961A (en) * 1961-01-03 1962-11-06 Rudolph W Kalns Circuit controlling device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH403025A (de) 1965-11-30
NL269485A (ru)
GB969117A (en) 1964-09-09
DE1438080A1 (de) 1970-05-14
ES280911A1 (es) 1962-12-01
BE622640A (ru)
JPS394580B1 (ru) 1964-04-15
FR1334157A (fr) 1963-08-02
NL109519C (ru)

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