US326719A - Eoad scraper - Google Patents

Description

4 Sheets-Sheet 1. M. E. 000K.

ROAD SURAPER.

(No Model) No. 326,719. Patented Sept. 22, 1885.

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ROAD SGRAPER. No. 326,719. Patented Sept. 22, 1885.

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(No Model.)

M. E. 000K.

ROAD SGRAPBR.

Patented Sept. 22, 1885.

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(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

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ROAD SGRAPER.

No. 326,719. Patented Sept. 22, 1885.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MARCUS E. COOK, OF \VALLINGFORD, CONNECTICUT.

ROAD-SCRA PER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 326,719, dated September 22, 1885.

(No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, DIAROUS E, 0001:, of Wallingford, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented a new Improvement in Road-Scrapers; and I do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection with accompanying drawings, and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specification, and represent, in

Figure 1, a top view of the frame-work from the rear forward, the forward wheels and their immediate connections broken away; Fig. 2, the forward wheels and immediate connections shown detached from the framework, the two figures making a top view complete; Figs. 3 and 4, side views of the same, Figs. 1 and 2, respectively; Fig. 5, a transverse section immediatelyin front of the scraper, also showing a vertical section of the lock portion of the vertical slide I; Fig. 6, the forward axle and its immediate connections detached, to illustrate its adjustments and the plow attachment; Fig. 7, a top view of the guidef, showing the rear end of the apparatus and the socket to which it is hung, enlarged; Fig. 8,a longitudinal section through the arm of the socket, showing a portion of the locking-bar enlarged; Fig. 9, an outline view showing the scraper as turned for bankcutting work, and the adjustment of the forward wheels, accordingly, on a reduced scale.

This invention relates to an improvement in apparatus used in making and grading roadways, commonly called road-scrapers, and particularly to that class in which the scraper is mounted on four wheels, adjustable to different elevations and to different angles to the path of movement, the object of the invention being to simplify the construe tion of the machine, make the scraper readily adjustable to extreme positions, and generally to increase the utility of the machine; and it consists in the construction, as hereinafter described, and more particularly recited in the claims.

The frame-work is composed of two string pieces,AA, with suitable connections, B,'between them to form a strong frame-work. This frame-work is mounted on a pair of wheels, C C, at the rear, the axle of which is fixed, and at the forward end is supported on a fifth-wheel, D, on an axle, E, carrying wheels F F, the forward axle and wheels provided with a suitable pole, G, by which animals may be attached to draw the apparatus.

At each side of the framework A a segmental shaped track, H, is arranged. This track is of fiat metal, of suitable size to support the scraper, the two ends of each segment secured to the respective sides of the frame-work, and in the same plane, and so that the two segments form a part of the same circle.

At diametrically-opposite points vertical slides I J are arranged in guides K, and so as to be moved freely up and down in the said guides. These guides are best formed of iron bands, which surround the slides, and as seen in Figs. 1 and 5.

To the lower end of the vertical slides a scraper, L, is pivoted, as at M. (See Figs. 3 and 5.) This scraper is made from metal or other suitable material, and of any desirable shape. It is pivoted to the vertical slides in order that either end may be raised or depressed to present the edge of the scraper at an angle to the plane of the surface over which the machine is being moved.

The guides K, which support theslides I J, are attached to or formed as a part of saddles a, which saddles embrace the segmental tracks H, as seen in Fig. 5, and carry anti-friction rolls 7) above and below the track, as seen in Fig. 5.

In rear of the scraper and of the guides I is a cross-piece, N, against which the vertical slides be'ar, as seen in Fig. 1. This cross-piece N (seen in broken lines, Fig. 5) is hung to a crosspiece, P, in the frame-work above, by a vertical bolt, d, (see Fig. 5,) in the actual center of the segmental track, and which serves as a center pin, around which the scraper with its vertical slides I J may swing. From the cross piece N braces R extend rearward, one on each side, the braces hinged to the crosspiece, and also hinged at their rear end to a socket, e, which socket is arranged upon a longitudinal rod,f, on the side of an auxiliary frame-work, S, below the main frame-work and in the same plane with the cross piece N, and so that as the scraper is turned to a position angularly across the frame-work, as indicated in broken lines, Fig. 1, one of the braces will move rear- Ward and the other forward, as indicated in that figure, their rear end being guided. by the respective rods f.

From the saddles a arms 71. extend inward and upward, and carry between them a toothed wheel, T, one at each side, and so that each Works into a corresponding toothed rack on the vertical slides, as seen in Fig. 5. To the shaft of each of the gears T a lever, U, is hung, arranged to turn upon the same axis as the wheel, and each lever is provided with a bolt, 2', adapted to engage the teeth of the respective wheels. These bolts are operated by a hand-piece, l, on the lever, so that the hand grasping the lever and the hand-piece, the bolt may be withdrawn from the wheel and the hand-piece left free, the bolt will engage the teeth of the wheel at the position where the lever at that time may happen to stand, a common and well-known device for engaging the teeth of a pinion with a lever, and so that when engaged, if the lever be turned, the wheel must turn accordingly; butifthe bolt bewithdrawn, then the lever may turn independent of the wheel. When, therefore, it is desired to raise the scraper, the wheels are engaged and turned accordingly; or, if one end is to be raised or lowered, the wheel at that side is turned accordingly.

To lock the scraper at any position to which it may be desirable to set it, a bolt, m, is arranged, one at each side in the saddle, and adapted to enter between the teeth of the rack, as seen at the left in Fig. 5. From this bolt a connection, n, extends to one arm, 0, of a bell-crank lever, the other arm, 1, forming a convenient foot-piece upon which the opera tor may place his feet to withdraw the bolts when occasion requires; but when left free, theboltsunderthe action ofaspring arethrown outward into the teeth of the racks, and so as to hold them in whatever position they may be so engaged.

To the cross-piece N a platform, W, is attached, and so as to turn with it and the s raper in its rotation. Upon this platform the operator may stand to adjust the scraper, as occasion may require during the movement of the apparatus.

1n rear of the platform W is an auxiliary platform supported from the frame-work, as seen in Fig. 3. The forward edge of this platform X overlaps the platform W, so that the operator may conveniently step from one to the other, and stand upon whichever may be most convenient for the time being in the operation of the machine.

To look the scraper at angles to which it may be set, a bar, If, is arranged at each side longitudinally overthe socket e, as seen in Fig. 3. These bars are hung to one arm, 2, of a lever, supported on a fulcrum, 3, in the frame-work above, the other arm, 4, extending over the platform X and terminating in a suitable foot-piece, 5, upon which the operator may readily place his foot, and so that by depressing that end of the. lever, as seen in Fig. 3, the bar it will be elevated. The under edge of the bar t is provided with notches 6, more or lessin number, and at different positions, so that as the bar is dropped, as indicated in broken lines, Fig. 8, it will fall upon the arm of the socket, and so engage that arm as to prevent its movement while so interlocked with the bar t,- but when the lockingbar is raised, as seen in Fig. 8, then the socket is free to be moved under the rotative movement of the scraper.

In many cases it is desirable to use the scraper to dig into a bank at one side as a plow. To this end the scraper is turned to present the end of the scraper forward which is to attack the bank, and, as indicated in Fig.9, this position brings the end of the scraper into the line of the wheel directly in advance of it; hence it cannot in that position act to so dig into the bank, as the wheel must go in advance of it. To enable the scraper when thus arranged to attack the bank, I construct the forward axle, E, adjustable longitudinally to different positions, and for this purpose it is arranged in a socket, 7, so as to be moved longitudinally through it, and may be locked at any position by means ofa pin, 8, introduced through the socket and axle, so that the axle will be held in that position. When, therefore, it is desirable to cut into a bank, as before mentioned, the axle is disengaged in its socket and moved in a direction away from the point of the scraper, as indicated in Fig. 9, and in broken lines, Fig. 6, leaving the end of the scraper exposed outside the path of the forward wheel, but yet substantially in the path of the rear wheel, and by which arrangement the power of the draft on the machine is applied in a most direct manner, and the tendency of the advancing machine is to hold the scraper up to its work. If the opposite end of the scraper is desired for use, then the forward axle with its wheels is adjusted to the opposite side. By this arrangement the scraper may be utilized to great advantage in cutting down banks alongside a roadway.

In making roads a plow is an essential implement to be used; but it is often difficult to draw the plow in the desired path, for the reason that it must run substantially in the central line of draft. To adapt a portion of the machine to be used in the auxiliary work of plowing, I-provide the forward axle with a plow attachment. This consists of a segmentshaped arm, 9, hung by one end to the axle socket or support, as at 10, the outer end of the arm carrying an eye, 11, or other suitable device to which the plow may be attached, as

seen in Fig. 6; and combined with this arm 1 so as to support the arm in the position for drawing the plow. The path in which the plow will be drawn with relation to the wheels may be varied by constructing the arm with a series of holes, and the brace with corresponding holes through which a pin may be intro duced, as at 14., to interlock the arm and brace, and so that the arm maybe adjusted, as indicated in broken lines.

To change the path or direction of the plow the arm and brace may be adjusted to the opposite side, as indicated in broken lines, Fig. 6, so that they are adapted to hold the plow upon either side of the center line of draft.

To provide a seat for the driver, and which may enable him always to maintain the same relative position to the horses, I arrange a seat, 15, supported directly from the pole or gearing of the forward wheels, and so that it will turn with the forward aXle and independent of that portion of the frame-work of the machine which is hung to the forward axle,and so that the driver will always sit in the same relative position to the animals drawing the machine.

As the surface over which the machine is drawn is uneven, inclining to one side or the other, and changing frequently and to a very considerable extent, it is difficult for the driver to retain his seat. To aid him in retaining his seat, I hang the seat 15 upon a horizontal longitudinal axis, 16, below the seat, and so that the seat may rock to the right or left, and so that as either of the wheels drop or rise the natural movement of the driver will cause the seat to rock and maintain its properlevel and avoid the tendency of the movements of the wheels to throw the driver from his seat.

The particular construction of the scraperis immaterial to my invention, it only being essential that it shall be hung to the vertical slides, each independent of the other, whereby it may be not only vertically adjusted, but adjusted to any desired angle of elevation.

Instead of employing the toothed wheels T and the levers working therein as the means for raising and lowering the slides I J, other known equivalents may be substituted there for.

I claim 1. In a road-scraping apparatus, the framework A A, supported upon wheels and constructed with segment-shaped tracks H H, combined with the saddles a a, carrying guides K K, the vertical slides I J, arranged in said guides, the scraper hung to said vertical slides and levers adapted to raise or lower the said slides and thereby adjust the elevation of the scraper, substantially as described.

2. In aroad-scraper, the frame-work A, supported on wheels and provided with the segment-shaped tracks H, saddles a, arranged to travel upon said tracks carrying guides diametrically opposite each other, vertical slides I J, arranged in said guides, the scraper L, pivoted to said slides, the said slides each constructed with a toothed rack, toothed wheels T, corresponding to said racks and hung upon said saddles, with levers adapted to engage said toothed wheels for the vertical adjustment of the scraper, substantially as described.

.3. In a road-scraper, the frame-work A, supported on wheels and provided with the segment-shaped tracks H, saddles an, arranged to travel upon said tracks carrying guides diametrically opposite each other, vertical slides I J, arranged in said guides, the scraper L, pivoted to said slides, the said slides each constructed with a toothed rack, bolts m, adapted to engage the teeth of the respective racks, and foot-levers in connection with said bolts, whereby the said bolts may be drawn from their engagement with the racks,substantially as described.

4. A frame-work supported upon wheels constructed with segment-shaped tracks H, saddles a (1, arranged diametrically opposite each other on said segments, said saddles carrying anti-friction rolls b to travel upon said tracks, the said saddles also carrying guides K, vertical slides I J, arranged in said guides, scraper L, pivoted to said slides, and levers adapted to vertically adjust the said slides and scraper, substantially as described.

5. In a road-scraper, the combination of the frame-work arranged upon wheels, a transverse support carrying a scraper hung upon a pivot so as to rotate in a horizontal plane, braces It R, hung to said support and extending rearward, their rear end hung in sockets e, the said sockets arranged to slide on horizontal guides, substantially as described.

6. In a road-scraper, the combination of the frame-work arranged upon-wheels, a transverse support carrying a scraper hung upon a pivot so as to rotate in a horizontal plane, braces R R, hung to said support and extending rearward, their rear end hung in sockets e, the said sockets arranged to slide on horizontal guides, with a locking-bar, t, adapted to engage the said socket at different positions, substantially as described.

7. In a road-scraper, the combination of the frame-work arranged upon wheels, the transverse support carrying a scraper hungupon a pivot so as to rotate in a horizontal plane, platform IV, attached to said support and so as to rotate'therewith,with the fixed platform X in rear of said platform \V, substantially as described.

8. In a road-scraper, the frame-work hung upon a pair of wheels at the rear and a corresponding pair at the front, a scraper hung to the frame-work between the front and rear wheels and adapted for vertical adjustment and also for rotation in a horizontal plane, so as to be set at varying angles to the path of movement of the wheels, the forward axle IIO scraper between, the adjustable arm 9 and made adjustable longitudinally, whereby the brace 12, attached to the forward axle, and the no path of the said wheels may be changed with relation to the path of the rear wheels and to plow hung to said arm, substantially as and the scraper, substantially as and for the purfor the purpose described. 1 5 pose described. MARCUS E. COOK.

9. In a road-scraper consisting of a frame- Witnesses:

work hung upon two wheels at the rear and HENRY MARTIN, two wheels at the front with the adjustable HENRY L. HALL, 2d.

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