US3265483A - Fiber forming apparatus - Google Patents

Fiber forming apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3265483A
US3265483A US334703A US33470363A US3265483A US 3265483 A US3265483 A US 3265483A US 334703 A US334703 A US 334703A US 33470363 A US33470363 A US 33470363A US 3265483 A US3265483 A US 3265483A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
rim
fibers
spinner
fiber
rotor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US334703A
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English (en)
Inventor
Jack W Garrison
William F Porter
Eugene F Schmitz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
United States Gypsum Co
Original Assignee
United States Gypsum Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by United States Gypsum Co filed Critical United States Gypsum Co
Priority to US334703A priority Critical patent/US3265483A/en
Priority to LU47659A priority patent/LU47659A1/xx
Priority to GB52129/64A priority patent/GB1093428A/en
Priority to NL6415102A priority patent/NL6415102A/xx
Priority to FR999946A priority patent/FR1418694A/fr
Priority to CH1677364A priority patent/CH428083A/de
Priority to SE15854/64A priority patent/SE309294B/xx
Priority to BE657743D priority patent/BE657743A/xx
Priority to DE19641496394 priority patent/DE1496394B2/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3265483A publication Critical patent/US3265483A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/04—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by using centrifugal force, e.g. spinning through radial orifices; Construction of the spinner cups therefor
    • C03B37/041—Transferring molten glass to the spinner
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
    • C03C3/089—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an apparatus and method for forming fibers and is particularly concerned with the forming of fibers from comminuted materials such as glass by a simple apparatus and method.
  • FIGURE 1 is a cut-away sketch illustrating the essential features of the apparatus
  • FIGURE 2 shows this apparatus as it relates to certain accessory equipment
  • FIGURE 3 is a cut-away section similar to FIGURE 2, on a reduced scale, illustrating certain modifications of the apparatus of FIGURES 1 and 2.
  • FIGURE 1 illustrates a spinner type fiber forming apparatus having a perforated rotor 1 driven by a substantially horizontal rotor shaft 2.
  • the shaft horizontal or within about degrees of horizontal, the overall height of the installation is reduced. It also enables the secondary attenuation gases to carry the fibers directly into the blow room which seems to reduce the shot content of the product and aids the felting of the fibers into blankets.
  • the supporitng bearings and drive means are not shown but they are conventional and do not form a part of the invention.
  • the rotor 1 operates at a high temperature and for extended bearing life it has been found desirable to cool the shaft by providing appropriate water passage as shown at 23 and '24.
  • the rotor 1 has a web or disc 3 at substantially right angles to the shaft which supports a perforate rim portion 4.
  • the size and number of the holes 17 are details well known in the art and are determined to a certain extent by the type of glass or other material to be formed into fibers.
  • the rim may contain several thousand holes of about 0.75 millimeter diameter.
  • this rotor is quite important because its operating temperature is in the neighborhood of about 2,000 degrees F., and the centrifugal forces exerted by the speed of rotation, upwards of 2,000 rpm, stress the material to nearly its operating limits.
  • the fiber forming material is fed to the wheel at a spot near its center by the conveyor 5.
  • This may comprise a helical member 6 driven by conventional means.
  • Other feed devices which tolerate high temperatures may be used such as belt and bucket conveyors and vibrating troughs (see trough 5a in FIG. 3) and screw transfer devices.
  • the fiber forming materials should preferably be rather finely divided but may contain larger pieces if they are thin so that the action of the conveyor will break them up before they are deposited on the rotor.
  • the rate of feed is preferably adjustable so that optimum fiber forming conditions can be employed.
  • a preferred type of a fiber forming material suitable for use in this apparatus is a soda-lime borosilicate glass having the following approximate composition:
  • air, steam, combustion products or other gas may be discharged against the fibers through orifices 8 located in the movable ring 9 (shown cut-away) and supplied through the pipe 10.
  • This ring may be adjustable axially to obtain optimum engagement of the attenuating gas with the fibers being spun.
  • FIGURE 2 the apparatus of FIG- URE 1 is shown with some of the accessory equipment to further illustrate the practice of the invention.
  • Two burners 7 are shown with suitable gas connections 11 and air connections 12 to supply heat to the rotor 1.
  • Cooling water conduits 23 and 24 are shown connected to a gland 13 on the water-cooled shaft 2 driven by drive means 14.
  • the conveyor 5 is fed finely divided fiber forming material from the hopper 15 which is propelled to the rotor by the action of drive means 16.
  • the apparatus illustrated in FIGURE 3 includes a rotor and steam ring as in the apparatus of FIGURES 1 and 2, as indicated by the use of the same identifying numerals.
  • a vibrating trough feed device 5a feeds the fiber forming material to the rotor rim.
  • the trough 5a is resiliently mounted, as on a spring 26, and is vibrated by suitable means (not shown), as is known in the con veyor art.
  • An induction heating coil 28 supplies heat to the rotor for melting the materials fed thereto.
  • the finely divided fiber forming material is delivered to the interior of the rotor where it is held by centrifugal force until melted by the heat from the burners 7 and discharged through the perforations 17.
  • a blast of super-heated steam issuing from the orifices 8 in the steam ring 9 attenuates the fiber which is then accumulated as a blanket on the conveyor 18.
  • EXAMPLE 1 An apparatus as illustrated in FIGURES 1 and 2 was assembled employing a 11 /2 inch diameter perforate rotor made of high temperature strength alloy, such as Stainless 310 or Udimet 500 made by Special Metals, Inc. of New Hartford, NY. A published composition for'this alloy is shown in Table I. The steam for secondary attenuation was turned on and a temperature of 450 degrees F. attained before the rotor drive 14 was actuated. When the cooling water in the shaft had been adjusted to an operating level, the burner 7 was lit to raise the temperature of the rotor to its operating level, about 1900 degrees Fahrenheit.
  • high temperature strength alloy such as Stainless 310 or Udimet 500 made by Special Metals, Inc. of New Hartford, NY.
  • Table I A published composition for'this alloy is shown in Table I.
  • the steam for secondary attenuation was turned on and a temperature of 450 degrees F. attained before the rotor drive 14 was actuated. When the cooling water in the shaft had been adjusted to an operating
  • the glass feed drive motor 16 was turned on and the feed rate regulated to maintain the operating temperature at about 1900 degrees F. This had to be done carefully as the output of the burners was necessarily high. With the soda-lime borosilicate glass of the composition indicated above, the production rate was 150 pounds per hour. The glass fiber from this operation had an average diameter of about 10 microns and contained about 15% shot. On subsequent runs fibers with a diameter of 5 to 7 microns and less than 10% shot were obtained.
  • the fibers formed by this process may be treated according to the processes well known in the art, e.g., they may be coated with a phenolic resin or lignin binder and formed into mats or blankets by conventional methods.
  • Apparatus for forming fibers comprising a substantially horizontal shaft, driving means for rotating said shaft, a spinner mounted on said shaft for rotation thereby and having a perforate peripheral rim, means for depositing solid particulate fiber-forming material directly upon the inner surface of the perforate area of said rim, and means for heating said spinner to melt said material on the perforate area of said rim and maintain said rim at fiber-forming temperature whereby such molten material is projected through the perforations in said rim to form fibers.
  • Apparatus for forming fibers comprising a spinner having a peripheral rim including an annular perforate area, means for rotating said spinner, supply means having a discharge end for feeding solid particulate fiberforming material to said spinner, said spinner being positioned with the inner surface of a portion of said perforate area substantially directly beneath the discharge end of said supply means and disposed to receive solid particulate material therefrom directly upon the inner surface of the annular perforate area of said rim as said spinner is rotated, and means for supplying heat to melt said material on said perforate area and maintain said area at fiber-forming temperature whereby the resulting molten material is projected through the perforations in said rim by centrifugal force.
  • Apparatus as in claim 2 including means for supplying heat to a portion of said spinner in close proximity to the inner surface of said rim.
  • Apparatus for forming fibers comprising a spinner having a peripheral rim including an annular perforate area, means for rotating said spinner, means for supplying solid particulate fiber-forming material directly to the inner surface of the perforate area of said rim, and means for heating said spinner to melt said material on the perforate area of said rim and maintain said rim at fiber-forming temperature whereby such molten material is projected through the perforations in said rim to form fibers.
  • Apparatus as in claim 2 including secondary attenuation means associated with the spinner to reduce the diameter of the fiber as it is formed.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
US334703A 1963-12-31 1963-12-31 Fiber forming apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3265483A (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US334703A US3265483A (en) 1963-12-31 1963-12-31 Fiber forming apparatus
LU47659A LU47659A1 (xx) 1963-12-31 1964-02-24
GB52129/64A GB1093428A (en) 1963-12-31 1964-12-22 Inorganic fibre forming apparatus and method
FR999946A FR1418694A (fr) 1963-12-31 1964-12-24 Perfectionnements apportés aux dispositifs et procédés pour la formation de fibres
NL6415102A NL6415102A (xx) 1963-12-31 1964-12-24
CH1677364A CH428083A (de) 1963-12-31 1964-12-29 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Fasern aus einem schmelzbaren, faserbildenden Material, Vorrichtung zur Ausführung des Verfahrens und Anwendung des Verfahrens
SE15854/64A SE309294B (xx) 1963-12-31 1964-12-30
BE657743D BE657743A (xx) 1963-12-31 1964-12-30
DE19641496394 DE1496394B2 (de) 1963-12-31 1964-12-30 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von glas- oder mineralfasern

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US334703A US3265483A (en) 1963-12-31 1963-12-31 Fiber forming apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3265483A true US3265483A (en) 1966-08-09

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ID=23308425

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US334703A Expired - Lifetime US3265483A (en) 1963-12-31 1963-12-31 Fiber forming apparatus

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3265483A (xx)
BE (1) BE657743A (xx)
CH (1) CH428083A (xx)
DE (1) DE1496394B2 (xx)
GB (1) GB1093428A (xx)
LU (1) LU47659A1 (xx)
NL (1) NL6415102A (xx)
SE (1) SE309294B (xx)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3372013A (en) * 1965-06-07 1968-03-05 United States Gypsum Co Apparatus for forming fibers
US3601847A (en) * 1968-10-28 1971-08-31 Veniamin Nikolaevich Shalygin Device for granulating melts
US3841854A (en) * 1972-11-24 1974-10-15 Johns Manville Apparatus for heating a glass fiber forming spinner
US3997307A (en) * 1975-07-28 1976-12-14 Johns-Manville Corporation Method and apparatus for making glass fibers utilizing an oscillating spinner
USRE30192E (en) * 1975-07-28 1980-01-15 Johns-Manville Corporation Method and apparatus for making glass fibers utilizing an oscillating spinner
US4767431A (en) * 1987-02-26 1988-08-30 Glass Incorporated International Production of micro glass fibers
EP0519797A1 (fr) * 1991-06-20 1992-12-23 Isover Saint-Gobain Procédé et dispositif de formation de fibres
US5326241A (en) * 1991-04-25 1994-07-05 Schuller International, Inc. Apparatus for producing organic fibers

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2431205A (en) * 1943-09-08 1947-11-18 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Apparatus for manufacturing fibrous glass
US2916773A (en) * 1955-01-12 1959-12-15 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Glass fiberization method
US2944284A (en) * 1957-10-09 1960-07-12 United States Gypsum Co Binder distribution and atomizing system for fiberizing apparatus
US3040377A (en) * 1959-08-12 1962-06-26 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method and apparatus for forming continuous filaments
US3070045A (en) * 1961-04-24 1962-12-25 Bowe John Machine for spinning sugar
US3174182A (en) * 1962-06-22 1965-03-23 Edward W O Shaughnessy Spinning arrangement for spinning fibers from molten plastic or the like

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2431205A (en) * 1943-09-08 1947-11-18 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Apparatus for manufacturing fibrous glass
US2916773A (en) * 1955-01-12 1959-12-15 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Glass fiberization method
US2944284A (en) * 1957-10-09 1960-07-12 United States Gypsum Co Binder distribution and atomizing system for fiberizing apparatus
US3040377A (en) * 1959-08-12 1962-06-26 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method and apparatus for forming continuous filaments
US3070045A (en) * 1961-04-24 1962-12-25 Bowe John Machine for spinning sugar
US3174182A (en) * 1962-06-22 1965-03-23 Edward W O Shaughnessy Spinning arrangement for spinning fibers from molten plastic or the like

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3372013A (en) * 1965-06-07 1968-03-05 United States Gypsum Co Apparatus for forming fibers
US3601847A (en) * 1968-10-28 1971-08-31 Veniamin Nikolaevich Shalygin Device for granulating melts
US3841854A (en) * 1972-11-24 1974-10-15 Johns Manville Apparatus for heating a glass fiber forming spinner
US3997307A (en) * 1975-07-28 1976-12-14 Johns-Manville Corporation Method and apparatus for making glass fibers utilizing an oscillating spinner
USRE30192E (en) * 1975-07-28 1980-01-15 Johns-Manville Corporation Method and apparatus for making glass fibers utilizing an oscillating spinner
US4767431A (en) * 1987-02-26 1988-08-30 Glass Incorporated International Production of micro glass fibers
EP0355187A1 (en) * 1987-02-26 1990-02-28 Glass Incorporated International Production of micro glass fibers
US5326241A (en) * 1991-04-25 1994-07-05 Schuller International, Inc. Apparatus for producing organic fibers
EP0519797A1 (fr) * 1991-06-20 1992-12-23 Isover Saint-Gobain Procédé et dispositif de formation de fibres
FR2677973A1 (fr) * 1991-06-20 1992-12-24 Saint Gobain Isover Procede et dispositif de formation de fibres.
US5277706A (en) * 1991-06-20 1994-01-11 Isover Saint-Gobain Method of and an apparatus for forming fibres

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
LU47659A1 (xx) 1965-02-24
NL6415102A (xx) 1965-07-02
SE309294B (xx) 1969-03-17
BE657743A (xx) 1965-04-16
CH428083A (de) 1967-01-15
DE1496394B2 (de) 1973-03-01
GB1093428A (en) 1967-12-06
DE1496394A1 (de) 1969-03-27

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