Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
  • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
  • G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
  • G03C1/85—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers characterised by antistatic additives or coatings
  • G03C1/856—Phosphorus compounds
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
  • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
  • G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
  • G03C1/85—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers characterised by antistatic additives or coatings
  • G03C1/89—Macromolecular substances therefor

Definitions

• This invention relates to photographic film and more particularly to film having anti-static coatings.
• R represents hydrogen or an alkyl group containing from 4 to 27 carbon atoms, e.g., butyl, hexyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, hendecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonaclecyl, eicosyl, heneicosyl, docosyl, tricosyl, tetracosyl, pentacosyl, hexacosyl and beptacosyl radicals; R represents an alkyl group of from 4 to 27 carbon atoms; M represents ammonium radical, an inorganic radical derived from an alkali metal compound, e.g., sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, etc., or an organic compound of the alkali metal salt thereof such as
• O i -OM ill at and y represent positive integers ranging from i to 2, 2: being 1 when y is 2, and y being i when x is 2.
• the salts utilized for purposes of the invention are prepared from known phosphate esters of ethylene oxide addition products of alkyl phenols.
• Such acid esters can be readily prepared, for example, by este-rifying an alkyl phenol such as nonyl phenol, dodecyl phenol, octadecyl phenol, dibutyl phenol or dinonyl phenol with phosp-orus pentoxide (P 0 under substantially anhydrous conditions at a temperature below about 115 C. for a period of four or more hours, as described in United States Patents 3,004,056 and 3,004,057.
• the organic and inorganic salts may be formed in any known manner.
• the preferred method of preparation involves neutralizing the acid phosphate diester to a pH of about 7.0 to 7.5, followed by purification and recovery of the salt.
• the anti-static agents thus formed may be applied to the film in various ways to eliminate static. As an example, they may be applied as constituents of the emul sion, as a constituent of a surface layer over the emulsion or over the base, in which instance the layer might be termed as a noncurl layer. In other instances the anti-static agent may be used as a constituent of a rinse solution applied to the surfaces of the film.
• a preferred procedure is to coat the film base with a gelatin sub-layer to which the anti-static agent has been added thereto in a concentration ranging from 10 to 200 grams or more per kilogram of dry gelatin.
• the anti-static agents described may be used in various kinds of photographic emulsions. In addition to being useful in orthochrom-atic and panchromatic emulsions, they may also be used in non-sensitized emulsions, X-ray emulsions, paper emulsions, color emulsions or the like.
• antifoggants and stabilizers may be used in combination with known antifoggants and stabilizers, reductionand metal-and noble metal sensitizers or in combination with other additive agents, and the like.
• the anti-static agents may also be employed in gelatin carriers, or other colloids such as water-soluble cellulose derivatives, e.g., hydroxy ethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, low acetyl value cellulose acetate, and the like.
• cellulose organic ester e.g., cellulose acetate, cellulose propionate, etc.
• filmtorming polymers such as polyvinyl chloride, copolymers of vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate, and the like.
• EXAMPLE 1 Light-sensitive silver halide photographic samples oi mm. high speed X-ray film were surface coated individually with a 2% gelatin solution containing (1) 20% by weight of sodium sarcosinatc, (2) 20% by weight of the acid phosphate ester formed from a polyoxyethylated nonyl phenol (6 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of nonyl phenol) and (3) 20% by weight of the sodium sarcosinatc salt of the acid phosphate ester formed from a polyoxycthylated nonyl phenol (6 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of nonyl phenol). Each of the coatings also contained a typical spreading agent and hardener finals.
• the films were conditioned at 22% and 42% humidities and tested for electrical conductance by standard electrode technique.
• the antistatic agent of the invention has a lower resistivity than the control by a factor of more than 14 at a relative humidity of 22% and 42%.
• EXAMPLE 2 The light-sensitive film samples prepared in Example 1 were also given a practical handling test to determine finger rub susceptibility. The finger rub tests were examined for static handling marks on eight pieces of each sample. As illustrated below in Table II, the control sample, the sodium sarcosinate and acid phosphate ester all showed considerable static in most of the pieces. The anti-static agent of the invention, however, produced static-free samples.
• R represents an alkyl group of from 4 to 27 carbon atoms
• R is a member of the group consisting of hydrogen and an alkyl group of from 4 to 27 carbon atoms
• M represents a radical derived from a salt-forming compound
• n represents the degree of oxyethylation ranging from 1 to x and y are positive integers ranging from 1 to 2, x being 2 when is 1 and y being 2 when x is l.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Priority Applications (6)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Cited By (5)

Citations (3)

• 1963
  • 1963-03-19 US US266175A patent/US3264108A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1964
  • 1964-02-26 GB GB7973/64A patent/GB1055664A/en not_active Expired
  • 1964-03-18 FR FR967859A patent/FR1386046A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1964-03-19 BE BE645408D patent/BE645408A/xx unknown

Patent Citations (3)

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