US3259110A - Fired heater arrangement for film temperature control - Google Patents
Fired heater arrangement for film temperature control Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3259110A US3259110A US363182A US36318264A US3259110A US 3259110 A US3259110 A US 3259110A US 363182 A US363182 A US 363182A US 36318264 A US36318264 A US 36318264A US 3259110 A US3259110 A US 3259110A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- main
- burners
- coil
- bursts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G9/14—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils in pipes or coils with or without auxiliary means, e.g. digesters, soaking drums, expansion means
- C10G9/18—Apparatus
- C10G9/20—Tube furnaces
Definitions
- the thermal cracking problem is aggravated by large tube sizes.
- larger tube sizes sometimes become necessary along the path of the uid through the coils to keep fluid pressure drops within reasonable limits.
- the enlarged tubes avoid suppressing vaporization thereby avoiding super heating the process fluid in its liquid state, but these larger tube sizes involve a reduction of the mass velocity through these tubes impairing the ability of the process stream to cool the tube metal. With reduced cooling the point temperature of process fluid at the wall of these enlarged tubes elevates and the tendency toward thermal cracking becomes most critical. Towardthe outlets of the tube coils where tube sizes are largest, the thermal cracking problem is most acute.
- a vacuum heater is provided with a radiant tube coil having three zones which communicate in flow series along the length of the flow path of fluid through the coil.
- first zone single firing of the coil is employed because process fluid temperatures in this zone are too low for cracking to be a problem.
- double firing of the coil is resorted to.
- shielding walls are arranged to reduce the heat input rate to this zone of the coil.
- Checkered shielding walls can be used where a portion of the heat from a main burner is to be introduced to the large diameter critical tubes.
- the shielding walls can be made solid and trim burners may be installed on the sides of the shielding Walls adjacent the critical tubes.
- FIGURE I is an end view in section which depicts a tired heater including the present advance. Solid shielding walls and trim burners are used in this embodiment. 7
- FIGURE I is taken along line I-I of FIGURE II.
- FIGURE II is a side view taken in part along line II--II pf FIGURE I.
- FIGURE III is an end view in section which shows the checkered shielding wall embodiment of this invention.
- FIGURE IV is an enlarged detail of a checkered shielding wall.
- Setting 1 (with enclosure walls 2, roof arch 3 and floor 4) defines radiant section 6 therebetween.
- Steel lframe 7 transmits loads to foundations ⁇ 8.
- rows of main burners 9 as well as rows 11 of smaller trim burners penetrate setting 1 via floor 4 and communicate with radiant section 6 to introduce fuel an-d air therein.
- Burners 9 and 11 are operatively associated with setting 1 so that main fia-me bursts 12 and trim flame bursts 13 are formed and combustion gases are generated.
- the combustion gases exit radiant section 6 via convection section 14 and stack 16.
- main burners 9 are arranged so that main flame bursts 12 are spaced from each other.
- Upright coils of tubes 19 are disposed between adjacent main flame bursts 12 ⁇ for double firing.
- Radiant tubes 19 are disposed horizontally in each coil to define generally horizontal serpentine configurations. From roof tubes 18 the process fluid is conducted in flow series to pass downward through one of process fluid exits by way of downstream ends 21 of the upright coils.
- Heat input to downstream tubes 22 must be kept low enough to limit film temperatures.
- Secondary means are provided -to add lower heat input rates Vto downstream tubes 22 than are available from exposure of these 4tubes to .main flame bursts 12.
- the secondary means comprise small trim burners 11 disposed on the sides of shielding walls 23 adjacent downstream tubes 22. Adjustment of trim burners 11 offers sensitive control of film temperature in downstream tubes 22.
- shielding walls 23 define checker openings 24.
- a vacuum heater comprising a setting which has a door and defines a radiant chamber
- main burners penetrating the setting and communicating with the radiant chamber to introduce fuel and air therein and arranged so that two main flame bursts are formed and combustion gases are generated
- At least one tube coil disposed in the radiant chamber to dene a generally horizontal serpentine contiguration
- the tube coil communicating in llow series with a source of liquid hydrocarbon so that the liquid hydrocarbon courses generally downward therethrough
- the coil including at least one critical tube having a substantially enlarged diameter and path of liquid hydrocarbon ilow, shield means for limiting heat transfer from the main ame bursts to the critical tube,
- the shield means including a Ipair of shielding walls each positioned between one of the main llame bursts and the tube coil and each projecting upward from the floor approximately as high as the top of the critical tube,
- trim burners disposed on each side of the critical tube and between the shielding walls
- a Vacuum heater comprising a setting having a roof arch as well as a floor and defining a radiant chamber therein,
- main burners penetrating the setting via the floor and communicating with the radiant chamber to introduce fuel and air therein and arranged so that two main llame bursts are formed and combustion gases are generated,
- At least one roof tube disposed adjacent the roof arch and exposed to radiation from one of the main ame bursts for single ring
- main burners arranged so that the main arne bursts are spaced horizontally from each other,
- the radiant tubes disposed horizontally to define a generally horizontal serpentine configuration arranged ⁇ for the liquid hydrocarbon to course downward therethrough,
- the radiant tubes including at least one critical tube situated downstream in the path of ow through the radiant tubes,
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
Description
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US363182A US3259110A (en) | 1964-04-28 | 1964-04-28 | Fired heater arrangement for film temperature control |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US363182A US3259110A (en) | 1964-04-28 | 1964-04-28 | Fired heater arrangement for film temperature control |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3259110A true US3259110A (en) | 1966-07-05 |
Family
ID=23429167
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US363182A Expired - Lifetime US3259110A (en) | 1964-04-28 | 1964-04-28 | Fired heater arrangement for film temperature control |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3259110A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2760466A1 (en) * | 1997-03-04 | 1998-09-11 | Procedes Petroliers Petrochim | Steam cracking furnace, used to make ethylene and propylene |
US20050061491A1 (en) * | 2001-12-19 | 2005-03-24 | Van Berlo Marcellus A. | Steam super heater comprising shield pipes |
US20170137722A1 (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2017-05-18 | Nova Chemicals (International) S.A. | Furnace tube radiants |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2017243A (en) * | 1933-03-28 | 1935-10-15 | Webster Engineering Company | Fluid heating apparatus |
US2029292A (en) * | 1932-06-04 | 1936-02-04 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Process of heating fluids and apparatus therefor |
US2557569A (en) * | 1948-02-14 | 1951-06-19 | Stone & Webster Eng Corp | Pyrolysis furnace |
US2667449A (en) * | 1949-10-01 | 1954-01-26 | Lummus Co | Heating of hydrocarbon fluids |
US2856902A (en) * | 1953-01-08 | 1958-10-21 | Petro Chem Process Company Inc | Tubular furnace |
-
1964
- 1964-04-28 US US363182A patent/US3259110A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2029292A (en) * | 1932-06-04 | 1936-02-04 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Process of heating fluids and apparatus therefor |
US2017243A (en) * | 1933-03-28 | 1935-10-15 | Webster Engineering Company | Fluid heating apparatus |
US2557569A (en) * | 1948-02-14 | 1951-06-19 | Stone & Webster Eng Corp | Pyrolysis furnace |
US2667449A (en) * | 1949-10-01 | 1954-01-26 | Lummus Co | Heating of hydrocarbon fluids |
US2856902A (en) * | 1953-01-08 | 1958-10-21 | Petro Chem Process Company Inc | Tubular furnace |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2760466A1 (en) * | 1997-03-04 | 1998-09-11 | Procedes Petroliers Petrochim | Steam cracking furnace, used to make ethylene and propylene |
US20050061491A1 (en) * | 2001-12-19 | 2005-03-24 | Van Berlo Marcellus A. | Steam super heater comprising shield pipes |
US20170137722A1 (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2017-05-18 | Nova Chemicals (International) S.A. | Furnace tube radiants |
US10808181B2 (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2020-10-20 | Nova Chemicals (International) S.A. | Furnace tube radiants |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: FIRST PENNSYLVANIA BANK N A 19TH FL.CENTRE SQ WEST Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:SELAS CORPORATION OF AMERICA A CORP OF PA;REEL/FRAME:003997/0981 Effective date: 19820217 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: SELAS CORPORATION OF AMERICA A CORP. OF PA Free format text: RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:FIRST PENNSYLVANIA BANK N.V., FOR ITSELF AND AS AGENT FOR THE PHILADELPHIA NATIONAL BANK;REEL/FRAME:004096/0520 Effective date: 19821231 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: LINDE AKTIENGESELLSCAFT WIESBADEN, GERMANY A CORP. Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:SELAS CORPORATON OF AMERICA A CORP. OF PA;REEL/FRAME:004156/0552 Effective date: 19830523 Owner name: LINDE AKTIENGESELLSCAFT A CORP. OF GERMANY,GERMANY Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:SELAS CORPORATON OF AMERICA A CORP. OF PA;REEL/FRAME:004156/0552 Effective date: 19830523 |