US3252161A - Insulated tubular tower with metallic stiffeners for supporting plural dipoles internally thereof with minimum interference - Google Patents

Insulated tubular tower with metallic stiffeners for supporting plural dipoles internally thereof with minimum interference Download PDF

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US3252161A
US3252161A US189473A US18947362A US3252161A US 3252161 A US3252161 A US 3252161A US 189473 A US189473 A US 189473A US 18947362 A US18947362 A US 18947362A US 3252161 A US3252161 A US 3252161A
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Prior art keywords
tubular
reinforcing
inserts
metallic
tubular insulating
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Expired - Lifetime
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US189473A
Inventor
Gottwald Waldemar
Lobl Erwin
Kruger Wolfgang
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Siemens and Halske AG
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Priority claimed from DES73905A external-priority patent/DE1168983B/en
Priority claimed from DES77726A external-priority patent/DE1226176B/en
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
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Publication of US3252161A publication Critical patent/US3252161A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/528—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the re-radiation of a support structure

Definitions

  • the invention disclosed herein is concerned with a sender antenna comprising dipole fields.
  • the carrier for the dipole fields is made in the form of a tubular insulating body, constructed as a mast, such mast embracing the dipole fields and serving also as weather protection therefor.
  • the dipole fields are fastened to the walls of the mast inside thereof. Antennae of this kind are described in the German Auslegeschriften Nos. 1,078,643 and 1,083,357.
  • the improvement proposed by the present invention resides in reinforcing the insulating material of the tubular body by enclosing or embedding therein reinforcing inserts made in the form of tubular struts, tubes, bar or rail members and the like, such inserts forming part of the tubular body made of insulating material and being so arranged that they do not affect the radiation of the dipole fields.
  • the advantages obtained by the provision of reinforcing inserts according to the invention resides in that the wall thickness of the tubular mast can be reduced, thereby effecting savings insofar as highgrade and expensive insulating material is concerned, without impairing the stress properties of the tubular mast structure.
  • the provision of reinforcing inserts according to the invention which form inseparable parts of sections of the tubular mast, permits using for the dipole fields single-piece mast sections without employing for reinforcing purposes additional inner or outer structural components.
  • the radiation diagram of the dipole fields is in no way impaired; indeed, the radiation is improved owing to the fact that the thickness of the wall of the mast is reduced by the use of the tubular insulating bodies made according to the invention, thereby also reducing attenuation of the radiation.
  • the reinforcing inserts are advantageously embedded in the walls of the respective tubular insulating bodies so that they extend parallel to the axis thereof. Accordingly, upon erecting the mast of sections each comprising such tubular insulating body, the reinforcing inserts will extend in vertical direction within the insulating material of the corresponding tubular bodies.
  • stiffening rings are advantageously provided at least at the opposite ends of the respective tubular insulating bodies, and such rings may be joined with the axially extending reinforcing mem bers to form a unitary sectional structure therewith.
  • the tubular insulating bodies forming sections of a mast may be made of layers of insulating material, for example, layers of fiberglass and the like, with the reinforcing and stiffening means wrapped therein and completely enclosed thereby.
  • FIG. 1 shows in transverse sectional view, taken along lines II of FIG. 2, part of an antenna according to the invention, including a cylindrical tubular insulating body provided with reinforcing means;
  • FIG. 2 is a partial vertical section taken through the structure shown in FIG. 1 along lines II-II thereof;
  • FIG. 3 illustrates in perspective representation a reinforcing insert
  • FIG. 4 indicates on an enlarged scale a sectional view through a reinforcing member which is embedded between layers of a tubular body made of wrapped insulating material;
  • FIG. 5 shows in elevational view an antenna assembled of a plurality of tubular bodies made of reinforced insulating material and equipped with dipole fields.
  • the tubular insulating body 1, shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is reinforced by inserts made in the form of steel tubes 2 or the like, which are embedded therein.
  • a stiffening ring 3 is provided at least at each end of the tubular body. Such stiffening rings may be connected with the axially extending tubes 2, by welding or the like, to a form a unit therewith.
  • a cage-like reinforcing structure as shown in FIG. 3 is in this manner produced, such structure comprising the flange-like metallic stiffening rings 3 joined with the opposite ends of the metallic reinforcing tubes 2 (or analogously positioned reinforcing members of different desired configuration), such cage-like structure or unit being at least partially embedded in the insulating material of the tubular insulating body.
  • the manner of producing the tubular insulating body with its reinforcing inserts may be described with reference to FIG. 4.
  • a number of layers 4 of the insulating material are first placed about the tubes 2 on the inwardly facing sides thereof.
  • the cavities 5 which may be formed thereby, are thereupon filled with insulating material, whereupon further layers 6 are smoothly wrapped about the structure on the outside thereof.
  • the insulating material may be drawn radially inwardly to cover the respective flange-like rings 3, as indicated in FIG. 2 by numeral 7.
  • Holes 8 are formed in the flange-like stiffening rings 3, through which bolts or the like are extended upon assembling a plurality of units to form a tubular mast.
  • the metallic reinforcing and stiffening inserts embedded in the insulating material of the individual tubular units are, upon assembling a plurality of such units to form the tubular antenna mast, advantageously electrically conductively interconnected, by screws or other suitable means, so that the embedded reinforcing inserts form a continuous lightning arrester cage for the corresponding antenna.
  • metal parts such as metal rings 11 or the like, which are interposed between the abutting ends of the respective tubular bodies 1, such metal rings being electrically connected with the reinforcing inserts embedded in the insulating material of the corresponding tubular bodies and projecting laterally outwardly, thus acting as lightning arresters.
  • Lightning arrester pins 12 may be carried by the rings 11 as shown.
  • tubular reinforcing inserts such as struts, bars, rails or the like.
  • Tubular bodies of any desired and suitable kind, not necessarily circular tubes as such are of particular advantage, for example, members with square or rectangular cross section, since they increase the weight of the respective tubular insulating bodies only slightly.
  • the thickness of the wall portions of the tubular cylindrical insulating bodies, extending angularly between the reinforcing members, that is, for example, of the wall portions 1, in FIG. 1, can be made thinner as compared with the wall thickness of prior structures and reduced to 3 to 10 millimeters, depending upon the overall size of the antenna that may be involved in a given case.
  • Reinforcing inserts made of non-metallic material may likewise be used in realizing the invention, despite the fact that electrically conductive inserts offer the advantage of use thereof as lightning arresters.
  • Metallic and non-metallic inserts may also be employed in combination.
  • Reinforcing or stiffening members made of synthetic material, or non-metallic reinforcing members may also be formed as ribs, integral with the tubular insulating body. It is in connection with metallic as well as with non-metallic inserts of advantage, so far as the principle is concerned, to select material for the reinforcing inserts, having a coefficient of expansion which is at least approximately equal to that of the material of the tubular insulating bodies forming the antenna mast.
  • Aluminum is particularly suitable as a material for metallic inserts, and fiberglass or the like, of which the tubular insulating bodies of the antenna mast are made, is particularly suitable as synthetic material for non-metallic inserts.
  • a sender antenna having a tubular mast comprising a tubular insulating body in which are enclosed dipole fields secured to the inner walls thereof, said tubular insulating member thus serving as a carrier for said dipole fields and also serving as weather protection therefor, insert means enclosed within the material of said tubular insulating body, for reinforcing such body, said insert means forming part of said tubular insulating body and being so arranged that the dipole fields are disposed sub stantially intermediate said insert means whereby the radiation of the dipole fields is not affected thereby.
  • An antenna according to claim 1 comprising reinforcing inserts embedded in the wall of said tubular insulating body and extending in parallel with the axis thereof.
  • An antenna according to claim 2 comprising an annular stiffening member disposed at least at the upper and the lower end of said tubular insulating body, said stiffening members being firmly connected with said axially extending reinforcing members and forming a unit therewith.
  • tubular insulating member is made of wrapped layers of insulating material, said reinforcing inserts being enclosed within said layers.
  • tubular insulating member is made of wrapped layers of insulating material embracing said inserts on the radially inwardly facing sides thereof, cavities between said layers and said reinforcing inserts being filled with insulating material, and further layers of insulating material wrapped about said reinforcing inserts on the side thereof which faces radially outwardly.
  • An antenna according to claim 2 comprising an annular stiffening member disposed at least at the upper and the lower end of said tubular insulating body, said stiffening members being firmly connected with said axially extending reinforcing members and forming a unit therewith, said unit being in the configuration of a cage which is at least partially embedded in the material of said tubular insulating body.
  • An antenna according to claim 6, comprising means for fastening said dipole fields on said stiffening members for disposal intermediate of said reinforcing members.
  • An antenna having a plurality of axially successively arranged tubular insulating bodies constructed according to claim 3, comprising means for electrically interconnecting the metallic reinforcing and stiffening inserts embedded in the individual tubular insulating bodies, thereby adapting said embedded inserts to form a continuous lightning arrester cage for the antenna.
  • An antenna according to claim 9 comprising metallic members disposed between adjacent tubular insulating bodies, said members being electrically conductively connected with the inserts embedded in the respective adjacent tubular insulating bodies and extending laterally outwardly therefrom so as to act as lightning arresters.
  • An antenna according to claim 1 comprising reinforcing ribs provided on said tubular insulating body.
  • An antenna according to claim 1, comprising reinforcing inserts made of synthetic material of the type of fiberglass.
  • HERMAN KARL SAALBACH Primary Examiner.
  • E. LIEBERMAN Assistant Examiner.

Description

EE ET May 17, 1966 GOTTWALD ET AL 3,252,161
INSULATED TUBULAR TOWER WITH METALLIC STIFFENERS FOR SUPPORTING PLURAL DIPOLES INTERNALLY THEREOF WITH MINIMUM INTERFERENCE Filed April 23, 1962 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 1 W 1 MI I ,I M m M. I
May 17, 1966 w, GQTTWALD ET AL 3,252,161
INSULATED TUBULAR TOWER WITH METALLIC STIFFENERS FOR SUPPORTING PLURAL DIPOLES INTERNALLY THEREOF WITH MINIMUM INTERFERENCE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2,
Filed April 25, 1962 Fig- 5 United States Patent Claims. in. 343-797 The invention disclosed herein is concerned with a sender antenna comprising dipole fields. The carrier for the dipole fields is made in the form of a tubular insulating body, constructed as a mast, such mast embracing the dipole fields and serving also as weather protection therefor. The dipole fields are fastened to the walls of the mast inside thereof. Antennae of this kind are described in the German Auslegeschriften Nos. 1,078,643 and 1,083,357.
The improvement proposed by the present invention resides in reinforcing the insulating material of the tubular body by enclosing or embedding therein reinforcing inserts made in the form of tubular struts, tubes, bar or rail members and the like, such inserts forming part of the tubular body made of insulating material and being so arranged that they do not affect the radiation of the dipole fields.
The advantages obtained by the provision of reinforcing inserts according to the invention resides in that the wall thickness of the tubular mast can be reduced, thereby effecting savings insofar as highgrade and expensive insulating material is concerned, without impairing the stress properties of the tubular mast structure. The provision of reinforcing inserts according to the invention, which form inseparable parts of sections of the tubular mast, permits using for the dipole fields single-piece mast sections without employing for reinforcing purposes additional inner or outer structural components. The radiation diagram of the dipole fields is in no way impaired; indeed, the radiation is improved owing to the fact that the thickness of the wall of the mast is reduced by the use of the tubular insulating bodies made according to the invention, thereby also reducing attenuation of the radiation.
The reinforcing inserts are advantageously embedded in the walls of the respective tubular insulating bodies so that they extend parallel to the axis thereof. Accordingly, upon erecting the mast of sections each comprising such tubular insulating body, the reinforcing inserts will extend in vertical direction within the insulating material of the corresponding tubular bodies. stiffening rings are advantageously provided at least at the opposite ends of the respective tubular insulating bodies, and such rings may be joined with the axially extending reinforcing mem bers to form a unitary sectional structure therewith.
According to a feature of the invention, the tubular insulating bodies forming sections of a mast, may be made of layers of insulating material, for example, layers of fiberglass and the like, with the reinforcing and stiffening means wrapped therein and completely enclosed thereby.
Further details of the invention will appear from the description thereof which is rendered below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 shows in transverse sectional view, taken along lines II of FIG. 2, part of an antenna according to the invention, including a cylindrical tubular insulating body provided with reinforcing means;
3,252,161 Patented May 17, 1966 FIG. 2 is a partial vertical section taken through the structure shown in FIG. 1 along lines II-II thereof;
FIG. 3 illustrates in perspective representation a reinforcing insert;
FIG. 4 indicates on an enlarged scale a sectional view through a reinforcing member which is embedded between layers of a tubular body made of wrapped insulating material; and
FIG. 5 shows in elevational view an antenna assembled of a plurality of tubular bodies made of reinforced insulating material and equipped with dipole fields.
The tubular insulating body 1, shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, is reinforced by inserts made in the form of steel tubes 2 or the like, which are embedded therein. A stiffening ring 3 is provided at least at each end of the tubular body. Such stiffening rings may be connected with the axially extending tubes 2, by welding or the like, to a form a unit therewith.
A cage-like reinforcing structure as shown in FIG. 3 is in this manner produced, such structure comprising the flange-like metallic stiffening rings 3 joined with the opposite ends of the metallic reinforcing tubes 2 (or analogously positioned reinforcing members of different desired configuration), such cage-like structure or unit being at least partially embedded in the insulating material of the tubular insulating body.
The manner of producing the tubular insulating body with its reinforcing inserts, may be described with reference to FIG. 4. A number of layers 4 of the insulating material are first placed about the tubes 2 on the inwardly facing sides thereof. The cavities 5 which may be formed thereby, are thereupon filled with insulating material, whereupon further layers 6 are smoothly wrapped about the structure on the outside thereof. If desired, the insulating material may be drawn radially inwardly to cover the respective flange-like rings 3, as indicated in FIG. 2 by numeral 7. Holes 8 are formed in the flange-like stiffening rings 3, through which bolts or the like are extended upon assembling a plurality of units to form a tubular mast.
Inside of the respective tubular insulating bodies or units are disposed knowndipole fields 9 which are by means of supports 10 fastened to the flange-like rings 3, or to other desired parts of the corresponding tubular insulating bodies, thus lying intermediate of the reinforcing members so that the radiation is not affected by such members.
The metallic reinforcing and stiffening inserts embedded in the insulating material of the individual tubular units are, upon assembling a plurality of such units to form the tubular antenna mast, advantageously electrically conductively interconnected, by screws or other suitable means, so that the embedded reinforcing inserts form a continuous lightning arrester cage for the corresponding antenna.
In the embodiment of such antenna, as shown in FIG. 5, there are provided metal parts such as metal rings 11 or the like, which are interposed between the abutting ends of the respective tubular bodies 1, such metal rings being electrically connected with the reinforcing inserts embedded in the insulating material of the corresponding tubular bodies and projecting laterally outwardly, thus acting as lightning arresters. Lightning arrester pins 12 may be carried by the rings 11 as shown. The utilization of the embedded metallic reinforcing inserts, for lightning arrester purposes, eliminates the need for auxiliary lightning arrester devices such as lightning arrester struts, wires, or the like, on the outside of the tubular antenna mast.
The invention is not inherently limited to the use of the described tubular reinforcing inserts; inserts of different configuration may be used, such as struts, bars, rails or the like. Tubular bodies of any desired and suitable kind, not necessarily circular tubes as such, are of particular advantage, for example, members with square or rectangular cross section, since they increase the weight of the respective tubular insulating bodies only slightly. The thickness of the wall portions of the tubular cylindrical insulating bodies, extending angularly between the reinforcing members, that is, for example, of the wall portions 1, in FIG. 1, can be made thinner as compared with the wall thickness of prior structures and reduced to 3 to 10 millimeters, depending upon the overall size of the antenna that may be involved in a given case.
Reinforcing inserts made of non-metallic material, for example, synthetic material, may likewise be used in realizing the invention, despite the fact that electrically conductive inserts offer the advantage of use thereof as lightning arresters. Metallic and non-metallic inserts may also be employed in combination. Reinforcing or stiffening members made of synthetic material, or non-metallic reinforcing members may also be formed as ribs, integral with the tubular insulating body. It is in connection with metallic as well as with non-metallic inserts of advantage, so far as the principle is concerned, to select material for the reinforcing inserts, having a coefficient of expansion which is at least approximately equal to that of the material of the tubular insulating bodies forming the antenna mast. Aluminum is particularly suitable as a material for metallic inserts, and fiberglass or the like, of which the tubular insulating bodies of the antenna mast are made, is particularly suitable as synthetic material for non-metallic inserts.
Changes may be made within the scope and spirit of the appended claims which define what is believed to be new and desired to have protected by Letters Patent.
We claim:
' 1. A sender antenna having a tubular mast comprising a tubular insulating body in which are enclosed dipole fields secured to the inner walls thereof, said tubular insulating member thus serving as a carrier for said dipole fields and also serving as weather protection therefor, insert means enclosed within the material of said tubular insulating body, for reinforcing such body, said insert means forming part of said tubular insulating body and being so arranged that the dipole fields are disposed sub stantially intermediate said insert means whereby the radiation of the dipole fields is not affected thereby.
2. An antenna according to claim 1, comprising reinforcing inserts embedded in the wall of said tubular insulating body and extending in parallel with the axis thereof.
3. An antenna according to claim 2, comprising an annular stiffening member disposed at least at the upper and the lower end of said tubular insulating body, said stiffening members being firmly connected with said axially extending reinforcing members and forming a unit therewith.
4. An antenna according to claim 2, wherein said tubular insulating member is made of wrapped layers of insulating material, said reinforcing inserts being enclosed within said layers.
5. An antenna according to claim 2, wherein said tubular insulating member is made of wrapped layers of insulating material embracing said inserts on the radially inwardly facing sides thereof, cavities between said layers and said reinforcing inserts being filled with insulating material, and further layers of insulating material wrapped about said reinforcing inserts on the side thereof which faces radially outwardly.
6. An antenna according to claim 2, comprising an annular stiffening member disposed at least at the upper and the lower end of said tubular insulating body, said stiffening members being firmly connected with said axially extending reinforcing members and forming a unit therewith, said unit being in the configuration of a cage which is at least partially embedded in the material of said tubular insulating body.
7. An antenna according to claim 6, wherein the material of said tubular insulating body is extended radially inwardly to cover said stiffening members at the respective ends of said tubular insulating body.
8. An antenna according to claim 6, comprising means for fastening said dipole fields on said stiffening members for disposal intermediate of said reinforcing members.
9. An antenna having a plurality of axially successively arranged tubular insulating bodies constructed according to claim 3, comprising means for electrically interconnecting the metallic reinforcing and stiffening inserts embedded in the individual tubular insulating bodies, thereby adapting said embedded inserts to form a continuous lightning arrester cage for the antenna.
10. An antenna according to claim 9, comprising metallic members disposed between adjacent tubular insulating bodies, said members being electrically conductively connected with the inserts embedded in the respective adjacent tubular insulating bodies and extending laterally outwardly therefrom so as to act as lightning arresters.
11. An antenna according to claim 1, comprising reinforcing ribs provided on said tubular insulating body.
12. An antenna according to claim 1, wherein the coefficient of expansion of said reinforcing inserts correspond at least approximately to that of the material of said tubular insulating body.
13. An antenna according to claim 1, comprising reinforcing inserts made of synthetic material of the type of fiberglass.
14. An antenna according to claim 1, comprising insert means made of aluminum.
15 An antenna according to claim 1, comprising in combination metallic and non-metallic insert means.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,532,919 12/1950 Johnson 343756 2,607,009 8/1952 Affel 343-872 X 2,631,237 3/1953 Sichak et al 343800 X 3,039,100 6/1962 Kay 343-872 FOREIGN PATENTS 1,120,672 4/1956 France. 1,236,873 6/1960 France.
HERMAN KARL SAALBACH, Primary Examiner. E. LIEBERMAN, Assistant Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. A SENDER ANTENNA HAVING A TUBULAR MAST COMPRISING A TUBULAR INSULATING BODY IN WHICH ARE ENCLOSED DIPOLE FIELDS SECURED TO THE INNER WALLS THEREOF, SAID TUBULAR INSULATING MEMBER THUS SERVING AS A CARRIER FOR SAID DIPOLE FIELDS AND ALSO SERVING AS WEATHER PROTECTION THEREFOR, INSERT MEANS ENCLOSED WITHIN THE MATERIAL OF SAID TUBULAR INSULATING BODY, FOR REINFORCING SUCH BODY, SAID INSERT
US189473A 1961-05-10 1962-04-23 Insulated tubular tower with metallic stiffeners for supporting plural dipoles internally thereof with minimum interference Expired - Lifetime US3252161A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DES73905A DE1168983B (en) 1961-05-10 1961-05-10 Transmitting antenna consisting of dipole fields
DES77726A DE1226176B (en) 1962-01-26 1962-01-26 Transmitting antenna consisting of dipole fields
DES0078064 1962-02-16

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3305871A (en) * 1962-11-12 1967-02-21 Siemens Ag Sender antenna enveloped by a tubular carrier mast
US3461455A (en) * 1962-05-08 1969-08-12 Rowe Ind Inc Coil loaded antenna
US4875132A (en) * 1988-11-03 1989-10-17 Tideland Signal Corporation Antenna grounding system
DE20319983U1 (en) * 2003-12-23 2004-08-19 Kathrein-Werke Kg Lightning protection for antenna systems

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1242796A (en) * 1984-10-12 1988-10-04 Yoshihiro Kitsuda Microwave plane antenna

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2532919A (en) * 1947-04-21 1950-12-05 Johnson William Arthur Radio aerial system, and particularly directive aerial system
US2607009A (en) * 1948-10-08 1952-08-12 Philco Corp Electromagnetic wave transmissive structure
US2631237A (en) * 1948-05-08 1953-03-10 Fed Telecomm Lab Inc Antenna
FR1120672A (en) * 1955-01-27 1956-07-10 Csf Omnidirectional horizontally polarized antennas for ultra-high frequencies
FR1236873A (en) * 1958-09-29 1960-07-22 Siemens Ag Transmitting antenna with dipole panels
US3039100A (en) * 1958-12-03 1962-06-12 Trg Inc Thin-wall radome utilizing irregularly spaced and curved conductive reinforcing ribs obviating side-lobe formation

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2532919A (en) * 1947-04-21 1950-12-05 Johnson William Arthur Radio aerial system, and particularly directive aerial system
US2631237A (en) * 1948-05-08 1953-03-10 Fed Telecomm Lab Inc Antenna
US2607009A (en) * 1948-10-08 1952-08-12 Philco Corp Electromagnetic wave transmissive structure
FR1120672A (en) * 1955-01-27 1956-07-10 Csf Omnidirectional horizontally polarized antennas for ultra-high frequencies
FR1236873A (en) * 1958-09-29 1960-07-22 Siemens Ag Transmitting antenna with dipole panels
US3039100A (en) * 1958-12-03 1962-06-12 Trg Inc Thin-wall radome utilizing irregularly spaced and curved conductive reinforcing ribs obviating side-lobe formation

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3461455A (en) * 1962-05-08 1969-08-12 Rowe Ind Inc Coil loaded antenna
US3305871A (en) * 1962-11-12 1967-02-21 Siemens Ag Sender antenna enveloped by a tubular carrier mast
US4875132A (en) * 1988-11-03 1989-10-17 Tideland Signal Corporation Antenna grounding system
DE20319983U1 (en) * 2003-12-23 2004-08-19 Kathrein-Werke Kg Lightning protection for antenna systems

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