US3250711A - Gear lubricant - Google Patents

Gear lubricant Download PDF

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Publication number
US3250711A
US3250711A US350103A US35010364A US3250711A US 3250711 A US3250711 A US 3250711A US 350103 A US350103 A US 350103A US 35010364 A US35010364 A US 35010364A US 3250711 A US3250711 A US 3250711A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
oil
test
lead naphthenate
viscosity
aromatics
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US350103A
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English (en)
Inventor
Curtis L Early
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shell USA Inc
Original Assignee
Shell Oil Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to US350103A priority Critical patent/US3250711A/en
Application filed by Shell Oil Co filed Critical Shell Oil Co
Priority to BE660631D priority patent/BE660631A/xx
Priority to AT192465A priority patent/AT249234B/de
Priority to GB9319/65A priority patent/GB1025137A/en
Priority to FR8002A priority patent/FR1425957A/fr
Priority to CH304965A priority patent/CH484264A/de
Priority to NL6502739A priority patent/NL6502739A/xx
Priority to DE1965S0095781 priority patent/DE1594571A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3250711A publication Critical patent/US3250711A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
    • C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/26—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
    • C10M129/56—Acids of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
    • C10M129/58—Naphthenic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
    • C10M135/02—Sulfurised compounds
    • C10M135/06—Esters, e.g. fats
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/06—Well-defined aromatic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
    • C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
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    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/104—Aromatic fractions
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    • C10M2203/104—Aromatic fractions
    • C10M2203/1045—Aromatic fractions used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/106—Naphthenic fractions
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    • C10M2203/1065—Naphthenic fractions used as base material
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    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/108—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks
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    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/108—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks
    • C10M2203/1085—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/026—Butene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
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    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/024—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having at least two phenol groups but no condensed ring
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    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
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    • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
    • C10M2215/065—Phenyl-Naphthyl amines
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    • C10M2219/02—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
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    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C10N2040/046—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for traction drives

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improved gear oils comprising a blend of two selected petroleum stocks as the base for the "extreme pressure gear oil additive mixture of the present invention, which functions synergistically.
  • gear oils containing this additive mixture have been used successfully for years in commercial applications such as steel mills, power generating plants,
  • an oil blend consisting of a mixture of 55-85% of a particular high viscosity index bright stock fraction and 45-15% of a high viscosity index mineral lubricating oil, both fractions having both fractions being rich in aromatics, function not only naphthenate and a sulfurized fatty oil or derivative therea viscosity index of at least 80, prefer-ably 90-140 and I of such as sulfurized sperm oil, but the base oil blend acts synergistically to activate the extreme pressure life .of gear oil additive mixture so that it is increased many fold, namely from 1 to 10 times that of commercial gear oils containing lead naphthenate and sulfurized fatty products, and inhibits additive depletion and oxidation of the composition.
  • the manner in which the oil blend of the present invention functions in the manner described is not understood, except for the fact thatin order to produce the desired results, the base oil blend must be carefully selected and blended in specific proportions, each fraction of which must possess the following properties:
  • the bright stock fraction must be rich in aromatics (570%) and have a viscosity index of at least 80, preferably between 90 and 110 and is obtained during the refining of mineral oils from the short residue after the distillate fractions have been removed.
  • the short residue is dewaxed and deasphalted and if desired solvent and clay-treated.
  • the raffinate which remains after this treat- -ment is called bright stock.
  • the brightstocks should have the following range of properties:
  • . 9. may vary up to 30%, or more.
  • the other portion of the oil blend is a high viscosity index lubricating oil distillate fraction and specifically is a refined distillate fraction having a viscosity index of at least 90, preferably 90-110, an SUS viscosity at F.
  • Viscosity index 90-95 Analysis (incremental ultraviolet absorption):
  • Base blends which are particularly preferred are:
  • the additive combination which is synergistically activated, stabilized and its depletion inhibited by the base blend described comprises of a mixture of 1-10% (preferably 2-5%) lead naphthenate and 110% (preferably 3- 6%) by weight of sulfurized long chain fatty oil product such as sulfurized sperm oil.
  • the lead naphthenate utilized in the'lubricant can be prepared from naphthenic acids obtained in the refining of petroleum, particularly the naphthenic acids derived from lubricating oil fractions. Moreover, the naphthenic acids can contain some non-saponifiable mineral oil which prepared from lubricating oil naphthenic acids having a non-sflponifiable content of about 23%, has a PhD content of roughly about 20% by weight. Lead naphthenate prepared from naphthenic acids essentially freed from non saponicfi-able content will run about 30% PhD content.
  • the sulfurized fatty material containing -40% sulfur in the molecule can be sulfurized sperm oil (30% S).
  • a sulfurized sperm oil of this type is available from Carlisle Chemical Works as Base 100-8 or 120-S, the latter of which has the following properties:
  • a minor amount (15% by weight) of a secondary additive can phenol; bisphenols, e.g. 4,4'-rnethylene (2,6-ditertbutyl phenol), 4,4'-thio bis (2,6-ditertbutyl phenol); arylamines such as phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine or phenyl-beta-naph- I thylamine.
  • Base blend (C): V 5 65% Bright stock (40% aromatics) HVI mineral lubricating oil (VI 90, Aromatics 35 +4% lead naphthenate +4% sulfurized sperm oil (V) Base blend (13):
  • Tests Oxidation Tests 300 F. Bench Oxidation Test (B0 Test).In this method 300 ml. of test oil are oxidized in a cylindrical Pyrex glass cell at 300 F. with 5 liters air perhour for 168 hours. No catalyst is used. The relative oxidation resistance of an oil is evaluated by viscosity increase and sludge formation during the test.
  • Oxidation Test Modified Turbine Oil Stability Test.This test is a modification of ASTM Method D- 943, Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited Steam Turbine Oils. In modifying ASTM D-943 for assessing the oxidation characteristics of Macoma blends, the test temperature is increased from 205 F. to 250 F., air instead of oxygen is used, water is omitted, and oil test. life con- 4 stitutes' the number of hours of oxidation required to double the original S.S.U. viscosity at 210 F.
  • compositions of the present invention can be used as extreme pressure lubricants for various heavy duty equipments operating under severe and adverse conditions of temperature and pressure.
  • An improved gear oil composition consisting essentially of a mixture of two mineral oil fractions of: (1) 5585% of a 90140 VI Bright Stock having an aromatic content of at least 5% and (2) 15% of a mineral lubricating oil having a viscosity of 100-600 SUS at 100 F., viscosity index of at least 90 and 210% sulfur-containing aromatics of thiophenoiic and benzo thiophene structure and having incorporated therein from about 1% to about 10% each of lead naphthenate and sulfurized sperm oil.
  • An improved gear oil composition consisting essentially of a mixture of two mineral oil fractions of: (1) 85% of a -140 VI Bright Stock having an aromatic content of 570% and (2) 45-15% of a mineral lubricating oil having a viscosity of -600 SUS at 100 F., viscosity index of at least 90 and 210% su1furcontaining aromatics of thiophenolic and benzothiophcne structure and having incorporated therein from about 1% to about 10% each of lead naphthenate and sulfurized sperm oil.
  • composition of claim 2 containing from about 0.1% to 5% each of polyisobutylene and 4,4-methylene- (2,6-ditert-butylphenol).

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
US350103A 1964-03-06 1964-03-06 Gear lubricant Expired - Lifetime US3250711A (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US350103A US3250711A (en) 1964-03-06 1964-03-06 Gear lubricant
AT192465A AT249234B (de) 1964-03-06 1965-03-04 Schmieröl
GB9319/65A GB1025137A (en) 1964-03-06 1965-03-04 Oil suitable for use as a gear oil
FR8002A FR1425957A (fr) 1964-03-06 1965-03-04 Huile utilisable comme huile pour engrenages
BE660631D BE660631A (el) 1964-03-06 1965-03-04
CH304965A CH484264A (de) 1964-03-06 1965-03-04 Schmieröl, insbesondere Getriebeöl
NL6502739A NL6502739A (el) 1964-03-06 1965-03-04
DE1965S0095781 DE1594571A1 (de) 1964-03-06 1965-03-04 Als Getriebeoel geeignetes Schmieroel

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US350103A US3250711A (en) 1964-03-06 1964-03-06 Gear lubricant

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3250711A true US3250711A (en) 1966-05-10

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ID=23375258

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US350103A Expired - Lifetime US3250711A (en) 1964-03-06 1964-03-06 Gear lubricant

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3250711A (el)
AT (1) AT249234B (el)
BE (1) BE660631A (el)
CH (1) CH484264A (el)
DE (1) DE1594571A1 (el)
FR (1) FR1425957A (el)
GB (1) GB1025137A (el)
NL (1) NL6502739A (el)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3303129A (en) * 1965-07-26 1967-02-07 Atlantic Refining Co Method for breaking in aluminum cylinders of an internal combustion engine
US4164475A (en) * 1975-05-09 1979-08-14 The Standard Oil Company Multi-grade 80W-140 gear oil
US4372844A (en) * 1981-06-29 1983-02-08 Phillips Petroleum Company Aromatic and benzothiophene extender oil composition for ore floatation
US4534873A (en) * 1983-09-28 1985-08-13 Clark Gary G Automotive friction reducing composition
US4990238A (en) * 1989-12-29 1991-02-05 Mobil Oil Corporation Non-carcinogenic light lubricants and a process for producing same
EP0589107A1 (en) * 1992-09-23 1994-03-30 Nippon Oil Co. Ltd. Lubricating oil composition and process for preparing the same

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2136391A (en) * 1933-05-26 1938-11-15 Standard Oil Dev Co Lubricating composition
US2160293A (en) * 1936-12-05 1939-05-30 Standard Oil Co Lubricant
US2607732A (en) * 1950-06-21 1952-08-19 Standard Oil Co Lubricants
US2704745A (en) * 1954-02-01 1955-03-22 Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc Stabilized extreme pressure lubricant
US2816867A (en) * 1955-03-21 1957-12-17 Shell Dev Lubricating oil compositions
US2932615A (en) * 1957-07-22 1960-04-12 Texnco Inc Extreme pressure lubricant
US3018248A (en) * 1960-01-20 1962-01-23 California Research Corp Oxidation inhibited mineral oil compositions

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2136391A (en) * 1933-05-26 1938-11-15 Standard Oil Dev Co Lubricating composition
US2160293A (en) * 1936-12-05 1939-05-30 Standard Oil Co Lubricant
US2607732A (en) * 1950-06-21 1952-08-19 Standard Oil Co Lubricants
US2704745A (en) * 1954-02-01 1955-03-22 Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc Stabilized extreme pressure lubricant
US2816867A (en) * 1955-03-21 1957-12-17 Shell Dev Lubricating oil compositions
US2932615A (en) * 1957-07-22 1960-04-12 Texnco Inc Extreme pressure lubricant
US3018248A (en) * 1960-01-20 1962-01-23 California Research Corp Oxidation inhibited mineral oil compositions

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3303129A (en) * 1965-07-26 1967-02-07 Atlantic Refining Co Method for breaking in aluminum cylinders of an internal combustion engine
US4164475A (en) * 1975-05-09 1979-08-14 The Standard Oil Company Multi-grade 80W-140 gear oil
US4372844A (en) * 1981-06-29 1983-02-08 Phillips Petroleum Company Aromatic and benzothiophene extender oil composition for ore floatation
US4534873A (en) * 1983-09-28 1985-08-13 Clark Gary G Automotive friction reducing composition
US4990238A (en) * 1989-12-29 1991-02-05 Mobil Oil Corporation Non-carcinogenic light lubricants and a process for producing same
EP0589107A1 (en) * 1992-09-23 1994-03-30 Nippon Oil Co. Ltd. Lubricating oil composition and process for preparing the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6502739A (el) 1965-09-07
DE1594571A1 (de) 1970-07-09
GB1025137A (en) 1966-04-06
AT249234B (de) 1966-09-12
CH484264A (de) 1970-01-15
FR1425957A (fr) 1966-01-24
BE660631A (el) 1965-09-06

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