US3245672A - Furnace for the heat-treatment of billets, blooms and the like - Google Patents

Furnace for the heat-treatment of billets, blooms and the like Download PDF

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Publication number
US3245672A
US3245672A US196420A US19642062A US3245672A US 3245672 A US3245672 A US 3245672A US 196420 A US196420 A US 196420A US 19642062 A US19642062 A US 19642062A US 3245672 A US3245672 A US 3245672A
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United States
Prior art keywords
furnace
bodies
blocks
rails
heat
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Expired - Lifetime
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US196420A
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English (en)
Inventor
Loeck Karl
Molz Josef
Weineck Hans
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Huettenwerk Oberhausen AG
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Huettenwerk Oberhausen AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/70—Furnaces for ingots, i.e. soaking pits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path
    • F27B9/22—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path on rails, e.g. under the action of scrapers or pushers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a furnace for the heattreatment of metal bodies such as billets, blooms, ingots and the like adapted to be processed in their heated state and, more particularly, to a pusher-type furnace of this character.
  • pusher-type furnaces for the heating of billets and blooms generally have been formed with a preheating zone, a main-heating zone and an equalizing zone successively arranged along a guide path for the bodies to be heated.
  • the equalizing zone was required to permit temperature equalization with-in the heated body which often had portions in contact with the guide surfaces whose temperature was substantially below that of the remainder of the body so that so-called black stripes were formed.
  • the temperature-equalization chamber In the temperature-equalization chamber,
  • a more particular object of the invention is to provide a furnace for heating billets, blooms, ingots and the like in a continuous process while dispensing with the equalizing chamber of earlier furnaces.
  • the present invention contemplates the employment of water-cooled support rails extending within an elongated furnace chamber substantially between its inlet and outlet openings to convey the metal bodies through this chamber, the rails each comprising an elongated support member and a row of blocks mounted thereon and having substantially aligned surfaces adapted to receive the bodies pushed therealong.
  • a furnace of this type which is capable of heating such bodies without the formation of the aforementioned black stripes, may comprise an upper and a lower compartment, between which the support rails extend, provided with burner means for producing a stream of hot gas in contacting relationship with the bodies transported along the rails.
  • the latter are, advantageously, transversely spaced to permit the gases to contact both the upper and lower sides of the bodies.
  • the rails may consist of tubular members hav ing an upper surface in direct contact with the under surface of the body and provided with insulating material about its periphery, 'I prefer to employ the tubular support member merely to carry blocks of heat-conductive material which are interposed between the members and the bodies.
  • the blocks are supported on the water-cooled tubular member with at least partial peripheral clearance so that a Patented Apr. 12, 1966 "ice gas-cushion (eg of air) is provided between the cooled members and the heat-conductive blocks.
  • ice gas-cushion eg of air
  • the latter may be partly insulated but are preferably provided with an uninsulated upstanding flange which is generally at the temperature of the gases in the furnace so that there is substantially no conduction of heat away from the bodies by the blocks. Accordingly, the formation of black stripes is avoided.
  • the support members may be carried by transversely extending beams, which also are water cooled, via the intermediary of upright hollow posts or pillars through which cooling fluid is circulated.
  • the upper and lower compartments of the furnace are generally subdivided into a preheating zone disposed adjacent the inlet opening and a main-heating zone disposed adjacent the outlet opening and extending substantially up to the latter.
  • the support rails also extend to the outlet opening and may, in fact, project therethrough.
  • the blocks are of generally inverted-Y configuration and have their arms embracing the support member, thereby forming a channel adapted to receive it with at least partial clearance.
  • the substantially coplanar upstanding flanges of the blocks each have abeveled edge facing the inlet opening and adapted to cam the bodies upwardly upon their displacement along the carrying surfaces formed by the flanges so as to prevent entrainment of the blocks by the bodies.
  • the blocks and their supporting members are provided with complementary formations limiting relative longitudinal displacement so that the entire rail including the support member and its blocks may be removed as a unit from the furnace.
  • a lifting device may be provided at the outlet opening of the furnace for withdrawing the heated bodies and disposing them upon an inclined slide leading to the rolling mill. It is also possible to provide lateral chutes or guide channels at the outlet end of the furnace whereby the bodies may be pushed into these chutes for conveyance to the rolling mill or other processing installation.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a furnace according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 1, with omission of the metallic bodies to be heated;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Ill-4H of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged elevational view, partly broken away, of the support rails.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken generally along the line VV of FIG. 4.
  • the drawing shows a pusher-type furnace 15 comprising a main housing 16 surrounding a refractory structure 17 forming an elongated furnace chamber generally designated 18; Furnace chamber 18 is provided at one axial end with an inlet opening 19 and, longitudinally remote therefrom, an outlet opening 7. These openings are spanned by a plurality of transversely spaced guide and supporting rails 2 which also subdivide chamber 13 into upper and lower compartments. Partitions 20, 21 intermediate the openings further subdivide these compartments into preheating zones 3', 4 and main heating zones 3", 4", respectively. The preheating zones 3, 4' are adjacent the inlet opening while the main heating zones 3", 4" extend to the outlet opening without the intermediary of an equalizing zone of the type previously required.
  • the guide rails 2 comprise longitudinally extending central supporting members 13 which are tubular and of generally prismatic configuration (see FIGS. 4 and A source of cooling fluid schematically shown as an arrow 22 supplies the tubular members 13 with cooling fluid.
  • the tubular members carry respective rows of blocks 5 of heat-resistant but non-insulating character. These blocks 5 are of inverted-Y transverse cross-section and have arms 5 embracing with peripheral clearance the respective support member 13; the arms 5 form a chan nel 23 receiving the member.
  • the roof 24 of this channel is formed with protuberances 25 of limited surface area in contact with the upper surface of member 13 for maintaining a gas cushion between the latter and the blocks 5.
  • the underside of members 13 carries channel struts 26 which secure refractory bricks 27 to this underside in order to insulate it.
  • the lateral surfaces of members 13 are provided with outwardly extending formations 28 receivable in recesses 29 in the inner surface of arms 5 to limit relative longitudinal displacement of the blocks and the members.
  • the flanks of arms 5' are provided with a plurality of longitudinally spaced pins 30 adapted to engage plates 31 of refractory, heat-insulating material.
  • the heat-conductive upwardly extending flanges 6 of the blocks 5 of each row are substantially coplanar and have beveled corners 6' facing the inlet opening to cam oncoming bodies 1 (e.g. steel blooms or billets) upwardly onto the flat carrying surface of each flange.
  • the carrying surfaces 6" operate in a substantially horizontal plane.
  • the flange has a height h ranging between substantially 150 and 400 mm., and a transverse Width w ranging between substantially 50 and 150 mm.
  • the flanges 6 are also provided with bores 32 to facilitate, their handling when the entire rail 2 is removed from the furnace 16.
  • the rails 2 thus may be removed upon rolls 33 along the supporting surfaces of the furnace to permit the ready withdrawal of the rails along with these blocks 6, which may then be lifted from their supporting member 13 and replaced if necessary because of encrustation etc.
  • the rails may also be supported within the furnace by water-cooled thermally insulated tubes 34 via hollow pillars 35 through which water is also circulated.
  • Partition 21 is formed with a chamber 36 admitting the heating fluid (e.g. hot gas or a burning gas mixture) through a plurality of transverse apertures or burners 8 into the lower compartment 4, 4" of the furnace chamher into contact with the outsides of the bodies 1.
  • the heating fluid e.g. hot gas or a burning gas mixture
  • a portion of the hot gas streams counter-current to the di rection of displacement 37 of the bodies 1 as indicated by the arrows 11', 11 while another portion of the gas stream flows in the direction of displacement (arrow 11).
  • a plurality of burners 9, 9" in the upper compartment 3, 3" provide part of the heating fluid for the upper surfaces of bodies 1, another portion of the fiuid arriving from the lower compartments via gaps between the bodies.
  • the cooled gases are removed from the furnace chamber via upright ducts 3S communicating with the lower compartment 4 and leading to an exhaust-gas conduit 12.
  • a pair of lateral ducts 39 also leading to this conduit removes the cooled gases from the upper compartment 3', 3".
  • Doors are provided in the preheating zone 4 of the lower compartment for the removal of scale which tends to accumulate on the floor 40 there-
  • This arrangement permits the heating of billets, blooms, ingots and the like without the formation of black stripes indicative of cool regions along those portions of the bodies contacted by the support rails, since the flanges 6, directly in contact with the bodies, are substantially at the furnace temperature and are insulated from the water-cooled support member by the air cushions.
  • the rails 2 thus can extend to or through the outlet opening 7 inasmuch as no equalizing hearth is required. Consequently, a saving in material and labor as well as increased heating efficiency is obtained.
  • a pusher-type furnace for the heat-treatment of bodies comprising a housing forming an elongated substantially horizontal furnace chamber and provided with an inlet opening and an outlet opening at opposite longitudinal ends of said housing; partition means in said chamber forming a succession of compartments therein commencing at said inlet opening and terminating at said outlet opening; a plurality of transversely spaced elongated rails longitudinally extending within said chamber through all of said compartments from said inlet opening to said outlet opening; and heating means in said.
  • said rails each comprising an elongated tubular support member, a row of heat-resistant but thermally conductive blocks of generally inverted-Y transverse cross-section fixedly mounted on said support member against longitudinal displacement relative thereto and having substantially aligned surfaces to receive said bodies, the arms of the inverted Y-forming a channel adapted to receive the respective support member with at least partial peripheral clearance and thereby forming respective gas cushions between said blocks and said members, said blocks being further provided with protuberances extending into said channels in limited contact with said members, and heat-insulating means along an underface of each support member and on at least the outer flanks of each'of said arms of the inverted-Y- shaped blocks, and roller means for removably mounting said rails in said

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
US196420A 1961-05-23 1962-05-21 Furnace for the heat-treatment of billets, blooms and the like Expired - Lifetime US3245672A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEH0042673 1961-05-23

Publications (1)

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US3245672A true US3245672A (en) 1966-04-12

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BE (1) BE616454R (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB (1) GB939153A (enrdf_load_html_response)
LU (1) LU41334A1 (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3367641A (en) * 1965-04-06 1968-02-06 Koppers Wistra Ofenbau Gmbh Pusher type furnace
US3637198A (en) * 1970-01-12 1972-01-25 Koppers Wistra Ofenbau Gmbh Furnace for heat treating of metallic workpieces
CN114786830A (zh) * 2019-12-11 2022-07-22 Sms集团有限公司 优选地与上游的铸造装置结合的模块化的轧制机组、尤其热轧机组
US12343776B2 (en) 2019-12-11 2025-07-01 Sms Group Gmbh Hot-rolling stand for a hot-rolling mill and for producing a flat metal product, hot-rolling mill and method for operating a hot-rolling mill

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114370754B (zh) * 2022-01-18 2023-05-30 常州君合科技股份有限公司 步进箱式立体烧结炉

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1338003A (en) * 1919-06-14 1920-04-27 Nickolas F Egler Heating-furnace
US1559199A (en) * 1923-09-25 1925-10-27 Halver R Straight Mechanism for handling tile-bearing pallets
US2105833A (en) * 1936-05-08 1938-01-18 Sidney R Feuer Continuous outlet system
US2109711A (en) * 1936-07-16 1938-03-01 Renault Louis Gas case-hardening furnace
US2891659A (en) * 1957-05-23 1959-06-23 Hayes Inc C I Conveyor system and retractable latch therefor
DE1094778B (de) * 1958-03-08 1960-12-15 Huettenwerk Oberhausen Ag Stossofen fuer Bloecke, Brammen u. dgl. mit wassergekuehlten Gleitbalken
US3022056A (en) * 1957-11-29 1962-02-20 Midland Ross Corp Combustion controls for metallurgical heating furnaces
US3100811A (en) * 1960-05-31 1963-08-13 Frederick S Bloom Metal heating furnace

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1338003A (en) * 1919-06-14 1920-04-27 Nickolas F Egler Heating-furnace
US1559199A (en) * 1923-09-25 1925-10-27 Halver R Straight Mechanism for handling tile-bearing pallets
US2105833A (en) * 1936-05-08 1938-01-18 Sidney R Feuer Continuous outlet system
US2109711A (en) * 1936-07-16 1938-03-01 Renault Louis Gas case-hardening furnace
US2891659A (en) * 1957-05-23 1959-06-23 Hayes Inc C I Conveyor system and retractable latch therefor
US3022056A (en) * 1957-11-29 1962-02-20 Midland Ross Corp Combustion controls for metallurgical heating furnaces
DE1094778B (de) * 1958-03-08 1960-12-15 Huettenwerk Oberhausen Ag Stossofen fuer Bloecke, Brammen u. dgl. mit wassergekuehlten Gleitbalken
US3100811A (en) * 1960-05-31 1963-08-13 Frederick S Bloom Metal heating furnace

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3367641A (en) * 1965-04-06 1968-02-06 Koppers Wistra Ofenbau Gmbh Pusher type furnace
US3637198A (en) * 1970-01-12 1972-01-25 Koppers Wistra Ofenbau Gmbh Furnace for heat treating of metallic workpieces
CN114786830A (zh) * 2019-12-11 2022-07-22 Sms集团有限公司 优选地与上游的铸造装置结合的模块化的轧制机组、尤其热轧机组
US12269080B2 (en) 2019-12-11 2025-04-08 Sms Group Gmbh Modular rolling train, particularly hot rolling train, preferably in conjunction with an upstream casting facility
US12343776B2 (en) 2019-12-11 2025-07-01 Sms Group Gmbh Hot-rolling stand for a hot-rolling mill and for producing a flat metal product, hot-rolling mill and method for operating a hot-rolling mill

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GB939153A (en) 1963-10-09
LU41334A1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1963-03-02
BE616454R (fr) 1962-08-16

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