US3243101A - Compressor lubrication system - Google Patents

Compressor lubrication system Download PDF

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Publication number
US3243101A
US3243101A US413942A US41394264A US3243101A US 3243101 A US3243101 A US 3243101A US 413942 A US413942 A US 413942A US 41394264 A US41394264 A US 41394264A US 3243101 A US3243101 A US 3243101A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
compartment
compressor
crankcase
compressors
suction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US413942A
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English (en)
Inventor
David N Shaw
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carrier Corp
Original Assignee
Carrier Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carrier Corp filed Critical Carrier Corp
Priority to US413942A priority Critical patent/US3243101A/en
Priority to GB46167/65A priority patent/GB1098030A/en
Priority to DE19651503401 priority patent/DE1503401A1/de
Priority to BR174736/65A priority patent/BR6574736D0/pt
Priority to CH1565265A priority patent/CH425849A/de
Priority to SE15193/65A priority patent/SE320141B/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3243101A publication Critical patent/US3243101A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/12—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder heads; Fluid connections
    • F04B39/128—Crankcases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/02—Lubrication
    • F04B39/0207—Lubrication with lubrication control systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04B41/06—Combinations of two or more pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
    • F25B31/002—Lubrication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
    • F25B2400/075—Details of compressors or related parts with parallel compressors

Definitions

  • excess lubricant may accumulate in one or more of the compressors at the expense of the remaining compressor or compressors. This phenomenon is particularly evident where one of the compressors has, or by means of unloader mechanism is operated at, a capacity difierent from that of the remaining compressor or compressors, or where one or more of the compressors is shutdown while the remaining compressor or compressors is used to sustain system operation at reduced capacity. Variations in pressure conditions within the crankcase compartments of the several compressors may override the lubricant balancing function of equalizing lines interconnecting the crankcase compartments of the several com-pressors resulting in excess lubricant in the crankcase compartment of one compressor to the detriment of the remaining compressor or compressors.
  • This invention relates to hermetic motor compressors, comprising in combination a housing partitioned into a crankcase compartment having compression means therewithin and a suction compartment adapted to communicate with a source of suction gas, drive means including a crankshaft for the compression means, a gas passage communicating the crankcase compartment with the suction compartment, and gas passage control valve means effective when pressure conditions in the' suction compartment of the compressor exceed pressure conditions in the crankcase compartment of the compressor to interrupt the gas passage.
  • Compressors 2 each comprise a shell or housing 4 separated by a partition 6 into motor compartment 7 and crankcase compartment 8.
  • Crankshaft 15, rotatably journaled in partition 6, operably connects compression means 10 in crankcase compartment'S with rotor 12 of motor 13 in motor compartment 7.
  • Compression means 10 includes pistons 20 adapted to reciprocate in cylinders 21 and operatively connected to crankshaft 15 by connecting rods 23.
  • compressors 2 areillustrated as having plural Patented Mar. 29, 1966 cylinders and pistons, it is understood that compression means 10 may comprise a single cooperating piston and cylinder.
  • Each compressor 2 includes a cylinder head 17 sealingly secured to valve plate 18 opposite cylinders 21. Cylinder head 17 cooperates with valve plate 18 to define suction and discharge manifolds 28, 33 respectively. Openings 26 in valve plate 18 communicate motor com partment 7 with the cylinder head suction manifold 28. Valve plate 18 includes valve controlled suction and discharge openings 30, 31 respectively operatively communicating compression means 10 with suction and discharge manifolds 28, 33 respectively.
  • Rotor 12 of compressor drive motor 13 has a plurality of longitudinal suction passages 37 therethrough.
  • Suction opening 40 in housing 4 communicates motor compartment 7 with a source of relatively low pressure gas.
  • relatively low pressure suction gas drawn through opening 40 flows through passages 37 in rotor 12 and in the space between motor rotor 12 and stator through openings 26 into suction manifold 28.
  • Gas in suction manifold 28 passes through valve controlled suction openings 30 in valve plate 18 into cylinders 21 of compression means 10.
  • Relatively high pressure gas from compression means 10 is discharged through valve controlled openings 31 in valve plate 18 into discharge manifold 33.
  • crankcase compartments 8 of compressors 2 serve as surnps or reservoirs for lubricant.
  • a pumping mechanism (not shown) forces lubricant drawn from the crankcase compartment sumps to the several points of frictional wear of the compressors.
  • a relatively small lubricant passage or orifice 42 is provided in the lower portion of partition 6 of each compressor 2. Orifice 42 permits flow of lubricant between motor and crankcase compartments 7, 10 respectively.
  • Passage 45 in crankshaft 15 connects compressor crankcase compartment 8 with motor compartment 7.
  • the dimension of gas passage 45 is substantially greater than the dimension of lubricant orifice 42.
  • Check valve 46 in passage 45 interrupts passage 45 when pressure in motor compartment 7 exceeds pressure in crankcase compartment 8 as will be more fully explained hereinafter.
  • Other types of arrangements for controlling communication between the compressor motor and crankcase compartments via gas passage 45 may be contemplated. For example, a low pressure relief valve may be employed in place of check valve 46.
  • Suction conduits 48 operably connect compressors 2 with suction gas header 50.
  • Discharge conduits 51 communicate discharge manifolds 31 .of compressors 2 with discharge gas header 52.
  • Suction and discharge'gas headers 50, 52 may for example comprise part of a closed system such as a refrigeration system where relatively high pressure refrigerant discharged from compressors 2 through discharge conduits 51 into header 52 is returned as relatively low pressure refrigerant from header 59 through suction conduits 48 to compressors 2.
  • Compressors 2 are preferably arranged at a substantially common level.
  • An equalizing conduit 55 having a relatively small diameter interconnects the crankcase compartment 8 of each compressor 2.
  • Equalizing conduit 55 suitably joined to shells 4 of compressors 2 at a preselected lubricant level, permits the flow of lubricant from one crankcase compartment 8 to the other.
  • Equal izing conduit 55 is arranged so that a part thereof is above That portion of conduit 55 above the level of lubricant therewithin permits pressures in the crankcase compartments 8 of compressors 2 to substantially equalize. It is understood that any change in the lubricant level in the compressor crankcases materially afiects the ability of the relatively small sized conduit 55 to equalize pressures in the crankcase compartments of the several compressors as will be more apparent hereinafter.
  • any excess lubricant in one compressor is distributed by means of the equalizing conduit or conduits to the other compressor or compressors.
  • pressure in the motor compartment of one compressor may exceed pressure in the crankcase compartment of that compressor.
  • Higher motor compartment pressures may occur for example where one of the compressors is shutdown or operating at a different capacity than the other compressor.
  • higher motor compartment pressures may be due to sizing and disposition of conduits connecting the compressors to each other and to the system associated therewith.
  • crankshaft gas passage 45 communicates the compressor motor compartment with the crankcase compartment, any increased pressure in the motor compartment of one compressor would normally be reflected in the crankcase compartment of that compressor resulting in a pressure differential between crankcase compartments of the several compressors.
  • equalizing conduit 55 may not be able to dissipate the pressure differential quickly enough to prevent lubricant from being forced from the crankcase compartment of the compressor having the greater crankcase pressure into equalizing conduit 55 and the crankcase compartment of the other compressor or compressors with resultant unbalance in the lubricant levels among the several compressors.
  • equalizing conduit 55 fills with lubricant, the crankcase pressure equalizing ability thereof is further restricted or prevented all together.
  • check valve 46 thereof closes to interrupt crankshaft gas passage 45 and forestall the build-up of pressure in the crankcase compartment of that compressor. It may be understood that the small amount of gas which may bleed through lubricant orifice 42 is Without substantial effect on pressure conditions prevailing in the compressor crankcase compartment and hence without effect on the level of lubricant therein.
  • paired compressors 2 are illustrated, it is understood that additional compressors may be incorporated in the illustrated arrangement.
  • Compressors of the type having a check valve controlled orifice for returning lubricant trapped in the motor compartment of the compressor to the crankcase compartment thereof such as Gerteis Patent No. 2,673,026, issued March 23, 1954, and Cramer et al. application, Serial No. 263,885, filed March 8, 1963 now Patent No. 3,17l,589, issued March 2, 1965, may be modified according to the tenets of this invention by the addition of a check Valve control to the gas passage communicating the compressor crankcase compartment with the motor compartment.
  • the aforesaid gas passage check valve con- ,trol when added to compressors of the type shown in the aforesaid Gerteis and Cramer et al.
  • a hermetic motor compressor the combination of a housing, partition means separating said housing into a crankcase compartment and a suction compartment adapted to communicate with a source of suction gas, compression means in said crankcase compartment, drive means including a crankshaft for said compression means, said compressor having a passage connecting said crankcase compartment with said suction compartment, and valve control means for said passage effective when pressure conditions on the suction side thereof exceed pressure conditions on the crankcase side thereof to close said passage.
  • a hermetic motor compressor including a second passage connecting said suction compartment with said crankcase compartment, said second passage accommodating flow of lubricant between said suction and crankcase compartments, the dimension of said first passage being substantially greater than the dimension of said second passage.
  • a hermetic motor compressor according to claim 2 including second valve control means for said second passage effective when pressure conditions in said crankcase compartment exceed pressure conditions in said suction compartment to close said second passage.
  • a hermetic motor compressor according to claim 1 in which said gas passage is formed in said compressor crankshaft.
  • each compressor includes a housing partitioned into a crankcase compartment with compression means therewithin and a suction compartment having a drive motor therewithin, and a crankshaft connecting said drive motor to said compression means, the suction compartment of each compressor communicating with a source of suction gas, the combination of a gas and lubricant equalizing conduit interconnecting the crankcase compartments of each compressor, each compressor having a gas passage between the crankcase and the suction compartments, and gas passage control valve means for each compressor effective when pressure conditions in the motor compartment exceed pressure conditions in the crankcase compartment to interrupt said gas passage.
  • each compressor includes an orifice connecting the suction compartment with the crankcase compartment, said orifice being disposed at a predetermined crankcase compartment lubricant level.
  • each of said compressors being partitioned into crankcase and motor compartments, each motor compartment being communicable with a source of suction gas, and means for maintaining substantially equal lubricant levels in the crankcase compartments of each of said compressors under all operating conditions including an equalizing conduit interconnecting the crankcase compartments of all compressors at a selected lubricant level, said equalizing conduit being arranged to permit flow of both lubricant and vapor therethrough so as to maintain pressures in the crankcase compartments of said compressors substantially equal to one another, each of said compressors having a passage connecting the motor compartment with the crankcase compartment, and valve control means for said passages, said valve control means being adapted to interrupt the passage associated with one of said compressors at a predetermined high pressure in the motor compartment of said one compressor.
  • each of said compressors has a second passage connecting the motor compartment with the crankcase compartment, said second passage being adapted to accommodate flow of lubricant between said crankcase and suction compartments and having a dimension substantially less than the first passage.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
US413942A 1964-11-25 1964-11-25 Compressor lubrication system Expired - Lifetime US3243101A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US413942A US3243101A (en) 1964-11-25 1964-11-25 Compressor lubrication system
GB46167/65A GB1098030A (en) 1964-11-25 1965-11-01 Compressor lubrication system
DE19651503401 DE1503401A1 (de) 1964-11-25 1965-11-10 Luftdichte Motorkompressoren
BR174736/65A BR6574736D0 (pt) 1964-11-25 1965-11-10 Compressor motorizado hermetico
CH1565265A CH425849A (de) 1964-11-25 1965-11-12 Hermetisches Motor-Kompressor-Aggregat
SE15193/65A SE320141B (de) 1964-11-25 1965-11-24

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US413942A US3243101A (en) 1964-11-25 1964-11-25 Compressor lubrication system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3243101A true US3243101A (en) 1966-03-29

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ID=23639297

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US413942A Expired - Lifetime US3243101A (en) 1964-11-25 1964-11-25 Compressor lubrication system

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3243101A (de)
BR (1) BR6574736D0 (de)
CH (1) CH425849A (de)
DE (1) DE1503401A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1098030A (de)
SE (1) SE320141B (de)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4236876A (en) * 1979-07-30 1980-12-02 Carrier Corporation Multiple compressor system
US4822259A (en) * 1985-06-14 1989-04-18 Basseggio Narcizo O System of compressing miscible fluids
US5150586A (en) * 1989-11-16 1992-09-29 Basseggio Narcizo O System and process of compressing miscible fluids
EP0763658A1 (de) * 1995-09-18 1997-03-19 Carrier Corporation Mehrkühlmittelverdichter
US20060073026A1 (en) * 2004-10-06 2006-04-06 Shaw David N Oil balance system and method for compressors connected in series
US20180274835A1 (en) * 2017-03-21 2018-09-27 Lennox Industries Inc. Method and apparatus for balanced fluid distribution in tandem-compressor systems
US10465937B2 (en) 2017-08-08 2019-11-05 Lennox Industries Inc. Hybrid tandem compressor system and method of use
US10655897B2 (en) 2017-03-21 2020-05-19 Lennox Industries Inc. Method and apparatus for common pressure and oil equalization in multi-compressor systems
US10731901B2 (en) 2017-03-21 2020-08-04 Lennox Industries Inc. Method and apparatus for balanced fluid distribution in multi-compressor systems

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE624770C (de) * 1936-01-28 Willy Hirche Kompressionskaeltemaschine
US3082937A (en) * 1960-11-25 1963-03-26 Gen Motors Corp Refrigerating apparatus

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE624770C (de) * 1936-01-28 Willy Hirche Kompressionskaeltemaschine
US3082937A (en) * 1960-11-25 1963-03-26 Gen Motors Corp Refrigerating apparatus

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4236876A (en) * 1979-07-30 1980-12-02 Carrier Corporation Multiple compressor system
US4822259A (en) * 1985-06-14 1989-04-18 Basseggio Narcizo O System of compressing miscible fluids
US4895498A (en) * 1985-06-14 1990-01-23 Basseggio Narcizo O Crank case chamber
US5150586A (en) * 1989-11-16 1992-09-29 Basseggio Narcizo O System and process of compressing miscible fluids
EP0763658A1 (de) * 1995-09-18 1997-03-19 Carrier Corporation Mehrkühlmittelverdichter
US7712329B2 (en) 2004-10-06 2010-05-11 David Shaw Oil balance system and method for compressors
US20080085195A1 (en) * 2004-10-06 2008-04-10 Hallowell International, Llc Oil balance system and method for compressors connected in series
US20080283133A1 (en) * 2004-10-06 2008-11-20 Hallowell International, Llc Oil balance system and method for compressors connected in series
US20090007588A1 (en) * 2004-10-06 2009-01-08 David Shaw Oil Balance System and Method for Compressors
US7651322B2 (en) 2004-10-06 2010-01-26 Hallowell International, Llc Oil balance system and method for compressors connected in series
US20060073026A1 (en) * 2004-10-06 2006-04-06 Shaw David N Oil balance system and method for compressors connected in series
US8075283B2 (en) 2004-10-06 2011-12-13 Hallowell International, Llc Oil balance system and method for compressors connected in series
US20180274835A1 (en) * 2017-03-21 2018-09-27 Lennox Industries Inc. Method and apparatus for balanced fluid distribution in tandem-compressor systems
US10495365B2 (en) * 2017-03-21 2019-12-03 Lennox Industries Inc. Method and apparatus for balanced fluid distribution in tandem-compressor systems
US10655897B2 (en) 2017-03-21 2020-05-19 Lennox Industries Inc. Method and apparatus for common pressure and oil equalization in multi-compressor systems
US10731901B2 (en) 2017-03-21 2020-08-04 Lennox Industries Inc. Method and apparatus for balanced fluid distribution in multi-compressor systems
US11274862B2 (en) 2017-03-21 2022-03-15 Lennox Industries Inc. Method and apparatus for balanced fluid distribution in multi-compressor systems
US11415347B2 (en) 2017-03-21 2022-08-16 Lennox Industries Inc. Method and apparatus for balanced fluid distribution in tandem-compressor systems
US10465937B2 (en) 2017-08-08 2019-11-05 Lennox Industries Inc. Hybrid tandem compressor system and method of use
US10935274B2 (en) 2017-08-08 2021-03-02 Lennox Industries Inc. Hybrid tandem compressor system and method of use

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR6574736D0 (pt) 1973-12-27
CH425849A (de) 1966-12-15
DE1503401A1 (de) 1970-02-26
GB1098030A (en) 1968-01-03
SE320141B (de) 1970-02-02

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