US324146A - Eichaed nicholls - Google Patents

Description

{No Model.) v I R. NIOHOLLS.

APPARATUS F011 THE REGEPTION AND DEODORIZATION OF HUMAN EXGRETA, 6w.

No. 324,146. rammed- Aug. 11, 1885.

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RICHARD NIOHOLLS, or HENDON, COUNTY or MIDnLEsnX, ENGLAND.

APPARATUS FOR THE RECEPTION AND DEODORIZATION OF HUMAN EXCRETA, dc.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent Ilia-324,146, dated August 11, 1885.

Application filed December 29, 1884. (No model.) Patented in Italy January 29, 1885, No. 7,358.

To all whom it may concern:

- of Middlesex, England,-electrical cloth man ufacturer, have invented an Improved Refuse Apparatus Adapted for the Reception and Deodorization of Human Excreta and House Refuse and for the Conversion of the same for Manurial Purposes, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to enable in h abitants of dwelling-houses to deodorize their own excrement immediately after the passing of the same from the body, and afterward to convert the same as well as other feculent house-refuse into a'mannre rich in fertilizing properties, the operation being conducted without polluting the atmosphere.

In carrying out my invention I employ apparatus of the character represented in vertical section in the accompanying drawing, which forms a part of this specification.

a is a tank, of metal, provided with a perforated cover or tray, b, in which is an open ing, 1), of a size approximately corresponding with that of the orifice usually formed in the seat of an ordinary water-closet. Surrounding the opening I) is a lip or seating, b adapted for the reception of the bottom edge of a hollow cover or sealing device, 0. The hollow coverc is'itself provided with a hinged lid, 0", and is formed with a perforated bottom, 0. The cover 0 is mounted on a removable pin or pivot, 0 upon which it may be turned so as to occupy the position indicated by the dotted lines. The pivot c is supported on a post, a, secured to the perforated tray 11, and when the corner of the cover 0 comes in contact with the cover d, as seen in the drawing, the tray bis caused to vibrate and discharge a quantity of its pulverized material into the vessel a.

At a suitable distance above the perforated tray 1) of the tank a is mounted a removable lid or seat, d, preferably of wood. The tank a is further provided with a capacious outlet, a, having a cover, o or other suitable means for hermetically closing the said outlet.

Upon the perforated tray bis placed a quantity of deodorizing materialsuch as soot, vegetable, or animal carbon, or any other material capable of deodorizing the volatile matters given off from the contents of the tank a. The hollow cover applied to close the opening b is charged with material of the same character.

WVhen it is desired to utilize the apparatus as a privy, the cover 0 is thrown back and the user seats himself on the seat (1. He subsequently restores the box 0 to the position shown in the drawing. The vibration resulting both on the throwing back of the cover 0 and'on its replacement over the opening b causes a portion of the soot or other deodorizing material carried upon the tray Z), and within the hollow cover 0 to be discharged through the perforations described, and to'fall upon the execreted matter. The ammoniacal and other volatile gases evolved from the contents of the tank care unable to escape except through the perforated tray 1), and whereupon they become arrested and absorbed by the layer of deodorizing material carried by the said tray. In order to prevent leakage of gas around the cover 0 the lower edge of the same may be suitably recessed for the reception of a soft packing-ring adapted to fit the edge of the opening I) in the tray 1), and to make a tight joint when the cover 0 is closed over the said opening.

House refuse and other offensive orputrescible' matter may be thrown into the tank a through the orifice b,- or, if preferred, two such openings, each provided with a cover, such as 0, may be employed, one of these openings being intended for privy use, and the other for theintroduction of dust-bin and other refuse. When the tank a is full, or nearly so, the cover a is removed and the contents withdrawn by way of the outlet a. If, however, it be desired to convert the contents of the tank a into a dry and thoroughly deodorized manure, the cover a is retained in position, the wooden seat (1 is lifted off, the cover '0" is closed and a fire is formed or other heating means applied beneath the tank a. The moisture contained in the contents of the tank is thus evaporated and driven off through the layer of deodorizing material carried by the tray 1) and contained in the hollow cover 0. During this process the vapor yields up any ammonia or other deleterious ingredients which it may contain, and these become fixed as ammoniacal and other salts in the said deodorizing material. The cover a may then be removed and the dried contents of the tank a withdrawn. The deodorizing material may also be removed from the tray 6 and the cover 0. The whole of the products may then be incorporated together, forming a manure with high fertilizing properties.

With a view to promote the fixing of the ammonia it is advantageous to add a small quantity of oil of vitriol to the contents of the tank before applying heat. From onehalf to one per cent. would be a suitable proportion under ordinary circumstances.

I have not illustrated any means for applying heat to the device, as any well-known means may be employed, and such. means forms no part of the invention.

I attach importance to the arrangement by which the turning of the lid serves to deposit the deodorizing material from the plate b, when the said cover is opened, and from the cover itself when it is closed. I also attach importance to the means, as a, a", for convert ient removal of the contents.

Modifications may be made in the forms and proportions without departing from the principle or sacrificing the advantages of the invention. All parts of the tank a, except the bottom, may be made of wood. It is impor tant that the bottom be of metal, so as to transmit the caloric from a stove or other heating agency below to drive off the volatile matter from the contents.

Having thus fully described the nature of my invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I claim 1. An earth-closet having a portion of its receptacle covered by aperforated tray, b, and a portion formed into an opening, b, covered at will by a hollow cover, 0', containing a powdered disinfecting or deodorizing material, and having a perforated bottom, the said cover being supported or pivoted on a post, 0, secured to the tray 1), and the whole adapted to serveas and for the purposes set forth.

2. The combination of the receptacle a, as described, having the tray b with post 0" secured thereto and projecting upward through the top (I, with the cover 0', containing a powdered disinfectant, and pivoted to the top of said post, and having a chamber with a pen,

forated bottom, all arranged and adapted to serve as set forth.

Intestimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

RICHARD NIOHOLLS.

Witnesses:

J OSI-I. GLOVER, ]91 Fleet Street, London.

SYDNEY C. HOOK, 50 Gresham House, London, Gentleman.

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