US3238746A - Method of producing non-run hosiery - Google Patents

Method of producing non-run hosiery Download PDF

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Publication number
US3238746A
US3238746A US170029A US17002962A US3238746A US 3238746 A US3238746 A US 3238746A US 170029 A US170029 A US 170029A US 17002962 A US17002962 A US 17002962A US 3238746 A US3238746 A US 3238746A
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Prior art keywords
thread
stitches
needles
loops
course
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Expired - Lifetime
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US170029A
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English (en)
Inventor
Nebel Max
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hanes Hosiery Mills Co
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Hanes Hosiery Mills Co
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Publication date
Application filed by Hanes Hosiery Mills Co filed Critical Hanes Hosiery Mills Co
Priority to US518906A priority Critical patent/US3293885A/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/06—Non-run fabrics or articles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B15/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, weft knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
    • D04B15/06—Sinkers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B15/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, weft knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
    • D04B15/32—Cam systems or assemblies for operating knitting instruments
    • D04B15/34—Cam systems or assemblies for operating knitting instruments for dials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of producing ladderproof hosiery on a circular knitting machine, the knitted fabric being of the kind in which a thread loop of a previous course is knitted together with the thread of an immediately following course to form double-thread stitches therein.
  • the arrangement of the courses in such a fabric is that a course comprising stitches and tuck loops alternates with a course having a full complement of stitches only and no tuck loops, the thread being knitted in the tuck loop course, into stitches alternating or in predetermined sequence and into intermediate tuck loops of such a size, as to entail a thread length which is substantially shorter than, and if desired one half or less than that of the length into which the thread is formed for the course with the large-stitches and having a full complement of stitches, the short tuck loops being knitted together with stitches of the subsequent course in the same wales to form double-thread stitches which are displaced in the wales by one stitch at least after every second course.
  • a course comprising stitches and tuck loops alternates with a course of stitches only, the thread of the tuck loop course being knitted to stitches alternating or in predetermined sequence and with intermediate tuck loops of such a size, as to entail a thread length which, in contrast to the knitted fabric first described, is substantially greater than, if desired twice or more times, the thread length to which the thread for the course of small stitches only is formed, the long tuck loops being knitted together with the stitches of the next course in the same wale to form double-thread stitches which are displaced in the wales by one stitch at least after every second course.
  • the thread tends to be damaged in such knitting pro cedures wherein, in co-operation with the special needle movements of the latch needles for forming this basic stitch pattern, the operation of the needles must be considered that a thread loop is sunk on the open latch and retained thereon until it is formed into a stitch in a subsequent course, while thread of the previously formed stitch is disposed between the open :latch and the needle stem.
  • the method which the needles have to carry out consists in that a thread loop is laid on the downwardly opened latches, this thread loop remaining there until it is knitted together with thread of the next course to stitches, and in this case, the downwardly opened latch may damage the stitch which has been previously formed and is on the needle stem under the latch.
  • the thread is drawn into loops on a sinking point of the sinker in front of or behind a hook on the sinker, whereafter the stitches on all the needles are moved below the latch and onto the needle stem, whereafter, to form the course comprising stitches and thread loops, the thread of at least every second needle is drawn into loops on a Patented Mar.
  • the intermediate non-stitch-forming needles which merely receive thread for the thread loops being so moved down relatively to the sinkers that the thread is placed on the somewhat downwardly opened latch or on a sinker point near the hinge-joint of the latch, and these intermediate needles, in this low position and in this position of the thread loops, pass through the casting off region and into the closed or following neutral position to receive the thread and, to form the double-thread stitches comprising the thread loops, while the other needles perform their customary movements, the needles alternating their operation after every two stitch-forming cycles.
  • the non-stitch-forming needles are lowered only until the stitch. closes the needle hook by the latch, whereafter, while the other needles are passing through the stitch-forming cycle, the threads is drawn over the hinge-joint of the latch to the needle stem on the sinking point of the sinker into thread loops; and after the casting-01f motion of the sinkers such needles are again raised so far that the thread loop is turned. by the latch away from the needle hook only to such an extent that the latch is substantially at right-angles to the needle upon entering the next stitch-forming cycle to receive and knit the thread.
  • the needles are in these low positions with thread loops lying above the opened or closed latch, no pressure is applied to the latch by such loops until the same are knitted and there is no jamming or clamping of the stitch below the latch.
  • the sinkers are so moved between the needles of the needle circle that the thread of every second needle is drawn behind the sinker into loops on a sinker point which is situated somewhat in front of the downwardly and outwardly extending latch of the intermediate needles.
  • long thread loops proceed from large stitches and are knitted in the next course to form double-thread stitches, the thread of at least every second needle is formed, over the top edge of the sinker hook and in front of the downwardly opened latch, into very long stitches and thread loops, whereafter, during the formation of the next course which is formed by all the needles into stitches, these thread loops are knitted with the thread of the said next course behind the sinker hook to form small double-thread stitches.
  • the thread pressure is taken or absorbed by the sinker hook and because of this the long thread loops and the sinker hooks which are, between the long thread loops and the stitches for sinking the thread loops into double thread stitches no pressure or clamping action can occur on the said stitches.
  • the invention provides a variety of sinker movements relatively to the needles, in order that the thread may be formed into larger or smaller length loops on higher or lower sinking points.
  • sinkers are used having sinker points at the same height in front of and behind the sinker hook, the long-loop course is formed on the sinking point in front of the hook and the short-loop course is formed on the sinking point behind the sinker hook; it is important that, during the formation of the course comprising small stitches and thread loops, the stitches of what must be pulled through the large stitches of the previous course, the sinkers have an action on the large stitches of the previous course whilst they are being castoif over the small stitches and the needles, whereas when the large-stitch course is being formed, it is sufiicient for the sinkers to be operative conventionally and to cast off the stitches of such course.
  • the long-loop courses and the short-loop courses are formed on the higher point behind the sinker hook.
  • This procedure has two advantages. In both courses the sinkers for casting off the stitches are operative on the previous course; also, the loops of the previous course can be formed into double-thread stitches on the lower sinking point in front of the sinker hook, so that such loops are not pulled out by the needles to the same extent as the loops of the course to be newly formed.
  • the two advantageous features can be used in combination in a single sinker construction.
  • Such sinkers have behind the sinker hook two sinking points which are at different heights and which are both higher than the customary sinking point in front of the hook.
  • one sinking point can be on the top edge of the sinker hook and the other sinking point can be disposed behind the sinker hook the sinking point behind the sinker hook being higher than or at the same height as the customary sinking point in front of the sinker hook.
  • the needles are moved to the same extent into their lowest position by the knitting cams for two feeder systems in the stitch-forming cycles.
  • the knitting cams can be adjusted to different heights from one another in order to form stitches of different sizes.
  • FIGS. 1-8 are side elevations showing the stitchforming movements and the positions of the needles required to produce the fabric shown in FIGS. 11 and 12;
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 are rear elevations of the stitch-forming movements and the positions of the needles required to produce the fabric shown in FIGS. 10 and 11;
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 illustrate the stitch patterns of the ladder-proof fabric
  • FIG. 13 illustrates a part of the sinker and needle circle, with the sinker cams and the special movements of the sinkers, in plan, for producing the fabric shown in FIGS. 11 and 12.
  • the stitch structure (FIG. 11) is built up of courses a with small stitches B, alternated by courses b with large stitches A and double thread-stitches D.
  • a only small stitches B are produced on every second needle, whilst the thread loops, which are on the intermediate needles, are not formed into stitches, but these thread loops during production of the course b, with a full complement of stitches are knitted together with alternate stitches of this course b, so forming double thread-stitches D between the large stitches A.
  • the stitches B are contracted and are formed into small locking stitches.
  • the stitches B from one course a to another are produced in a mesh-pattern with one needle-step in such a way, that always in the direction of the stitch wales there is sequentially after a small stitch, a large stitch A, then a double thread stitch D, again a single thread small stitch B, etc.
  • the large stitches A arise because no stitches are formed through the stitches A, during production of the course a.
  • courses of loops with two different thread lengths e.g., stitch sizes
  • the production of courses of loops with two different thread lengths provides such different stress-relations between the stitches, especially because of the small locking stitches B from which the inclined thread lengths S proceed, to the stitches D that ladders in the fabric can no longer occur.
  • the other stitch-structure (FIG. 12) is also built up of courses a and courses b, but in contrast with the fabric (FIG. 11) the course a, is made of a longer thread length than the course b.
  • the course b is made of a full complement of stitches only, in fact of larger stitches B and contracted small stitches S, whilst the course a is formed with stitches A only in every second stitch wale, and therebetween with thread loops, which are knitted together, in the next course b in the same stitch wale with the stitches S, so forming double thread stitches S/D, the long inclined portions L proceeding from two stitches A into a double thread stitch S/D.
  • the stitch B of the previous course b is elongated into its required stitch length, taking the amount of yarn it requires for this purpose from the neighbouring stitches S, so pulling these out, or contracting them, up to their minimum size, and because of this forming them into locking stitches.
  • the stitch-structure of the fabric according to FIG. 12 may be altered in such a way that the long thread loops F of the course a are not combined with the stitches S to form the stitches S/D in the next course b, but that these long thread loops F are knitted as tuck loops F inbetween the stitches B and S as shown in dotted lines in FIG. 12.
  • a needle selection is required whereby the needles are divided in two groups and in such a way that at least every second needle at one time the needle N and at the other time the needle N is selected by means of the known needle selector attachment (see FIGS. 9 and 10).
  • the procedure is basicly such, that the threads are formed into two different stitch sizes by at least two feed systems in two stitch-forming cycles for forming of courses of loops, and that with one system the thread forms, on at least every second needle (N or N small stitches B or large stitches A, of a course a whilst the intermediate needles N or N are eliminated from the loop forming procedure, but not from taking up thread and that these needles are moved on through the loop forming procedure to the other feeder system in such a way that thread is laid in the opened latches Z and remains the-re until at the next feeder system loops are formed on all needles (N and N so producing a course of loops b, consisting of a full complement of single thread sitches A or B and double thread stitches D or S/D.
  • the method of production of the fabric (FIG. 11) is carried out as follows. Imagine, that according to FIG. 9 the stitches A are on the needles N and the double stitches D on the needles N All the needles N and N before they take up yarn again, rise so far (in the rotational direction R) that their stitches A and double stitches D arrive underneath the opened latches Z on the stern of the needle. Thereby the needles N are pushed upwards into a higher position than the needles N to enable the separated drawing downwards of both the needle groups. Then.
  • the needles N and N pass the yarn-feeder-finger and the yarn is fed to all the needles, in other words laid in front of the needles, after which only the needles N are moved downwards to sink the loops and to produce a course of loops a with small stitches B, whilst the needles N are only drawn downwards to such an extent that they pass through the loop-sinking and stitch-forming procedure so that the thread of the course of loops a arrives on the opened latch Z, and on the sinking point P of the sinker as a nearly straight or float thread. portion F (see FIGS. 1 and 2). These needle positions of the needles N and N and the amount of thread on these needles is shown in rear elevation (see FIG. 9).
  • the thread of the course of loops at is formed only by every second needle N into loops B, in front of the needles and on the sinking points P P and P These loops B become contracted because of the knitting of the thread loops F into double stitches D and therefore a substantial difference in the stitch sizes is obtained.
  • the needles N (in the same previously described position and as shown in FIG. 9) also pass, with the thread portion F on the opened latches Z (see FIGS. 1 and 2) through to the start of the next stitch forming procedure, in other words, until the next feeder system.
  • the needles in this position take the thread for the course b (FIG. 10) and form with the thread portion F the double thread stitches D.
  • This stitch forming procedure is started by the needles N because these needles, on which the small stitches B are present, rise so far that the stitches B come underneath the opened latches Z on the stem of the nedle (FIG. 10).
  • the sinking points P and P in front of and behind the sinker hooks P for the threads for the courses of loops a and b may lie at the same height.
  • every needle produces stitches and for the course a with small stitches only every second needle produces stitches, and because of that the difference between the thread and loop length of both the courses is already substantial. If a larger loop length is required for the stitches of the course b, than for the stitches of the course a, then thread of this course b is laid on a high-lying sinking point P (FIGS.
  • FIG. 13 shows the top-elevation of the needle and sinker area. From the start courses of loops with stitches A and D (FIG.
  • the result of this improved method is that the sinkers P are brought into such a position, in relation to the needles, that the back of the sinker hook P is positioned a little in front of the open latch Z of the needle N (N and because of that the thread loo-p F remains on the sinking point P in front of the opened latch, but does not lay on this open latch.
  • the casting off of the double stitches D follows, and because of that the sinkers P are moved further into the needle-circle and the thread loops F are pressed on, the latches.
  • the procedure according to the invention (FIG. 2) is such that, before the needles N (FIG. 1) have reached their lowest sinking-position, the needles N are drawn downwards to such an extent, that the thread loops F arrive at the hinge-joint of the latch Z and because of that they can not produce pressure on the stitches A. The needles N are pulled downwards until the sinker-throat P starts operating on the stitches to cast them off.
  • These needles N sink to such an extent that the latches arrive with their hinge-joint below the sinking point P
  • This position of the needle N is maintained (FIG. 4) during the loop sinking and casting off procedures of needles N and because of that the thread for the thread loop F no longer lies on or over the opened latch, but it lies within the needle hooks and on the sinking point P Because the movable sinker cam P is moved towards the needles, the sinkers P at the second system are not drawn back.
  • FIG. 3 being a sectional elevation on line 33 (FIG. 13)
  • the sinkers P are drawn out of the needle circle, then the threads are formed, by the needles into loops on the sinking point P whilst the sinkers P again are moved into the needle circle to act with their throats P upon the stitches of the just formed course of loops during the casting off procedure.
  • the needles N and N reverse their operating method for the next course a.
  • the needles N now are pushed upwards, higher than the needles N in FIG. 9, which also rise, to such an extent, that their stitches D arrive below the opened latch Z, and because of that the needles N arrive with their butts in another cam track, which lies higher than the one for the needle N and then the needles N are moved downwards with the needle N in the loop sinking procedure with a difference in height between the needles as in the previous described positions of the FIGS.
  • FIG. 8 shows such a sinker P, which has behind the hook P two different sinking points P and P at diiferent levels, which are connected by an inclined edge P
  • the second sinking point P lies a little higher than the usual sinking point P or at the same level.
  • a method of knitting run-resistant fabric on a circular knitting machine having a set of latch needles and sinkers and at least two feeds comprising (a) moving selected needles to form the thread of a first feed into stitches,
  • the method as defined in claim 1 further including the steps of (a) forming the thread of the first feed by selected needles into large stitch-es by advancing the sinkers inwardly adjacent the first feed so that said needles pull the yarn on top of the sinker nebs into large stitches and long thread loops, said loops being carried on the open latches of the intermediate needles adjacent the hinge joints, and
  • the method as defined in claim 5 further including the step of (a) advancing inwardly the sinkers adjacent the second feed so that the thread of the second feed is combined with the thread loops to form small doublethread stitches on sinker ledges behind the nebs.
  • a method of knitting run-resistant fabric on a circular knitting machine having a set of latch needles and at least two feeds comprising (a) lowering selected needles to form the thread of the first feed into stitches,
  • a method of knitting run-resistant fabric on a circular knitting machine having a full set of latch needles and sinkers and at least two feeds comprising (a) feeding the thread of a first feed to all the needles, each of which have stitches of a prior course formed on their stems,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Machines (AREA)
US170029A 1961-02-04 1962-01-31 Method of producing non-run hosiery Expired - Lifetime US3238746A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US518906A US3293885A (en) 1962-01-31 1966-01-05 Apparatus for knitting run-resistant fabric

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DEN0019546 1961-02-04

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US3238746A true US3238746A (en) 1966-03-08

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US (1) US3238746A (en:Method)
AT (1) AT259126B (en:Method)
BE (1) BE613486A (en:Method)
CH (1) CH423072A (en:Method)
DE (1) DE1435177A1 (en:Method)
GB (1) GB989188A (en:Method)
NL (1) NL274341A (en:Method)
SE (1) SE303820B (en:Method)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3283542A (en) * 1962-04-10 1966-11-08 Hanes Corp Method and apparatus for knitting run resistant fabric
US3293886A (en) * 1964-08-13 1966-12-27 Hanes Corp Apparatus and method for producing plush knitted fabric
US3430463A (en) * 1961-02-18 1969-03-04 Hanes Corp Method and apparatus for making run-resistant knitted fabric
US5840233A (en) * 1997-09-16 1998-11-24 Optimer, Inc. Process of making melt-spun elastomeric fibers

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1961636A (en) * 1931-10-07 1934-06-05 Hemphill Co Method of knitting multithread fabric
US2243392A (en) * 1939-04-04 1941-05-27 Charles L Page Sinker
US2374857A (en) * 1943-10-02 1945-05-01 Hemphill Co Method of knitting
US2378946A (en) * 1942-05-26 1945-06-26 Charles L Page Sinker
US2529181A (en) * 1947-04-25 1950-11-07 Scott & Williams Inc Sinker cam mechanism for circular knitting machines and method of operating a circular knitting machine
US2582465A (en) * 1949-07-08 1952-01-15 Hemphill Co Sinker cap and operating mechanism
US3023594A (en) * 1959-04-28 1962-03-06 Singer Fidelity Inc Method of knitting a two feed stocking

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1961636A (en) * 1931-10-07 1934-06-05 Hemphill Co Method of knitting multithread fabric
US2243392A (en) * 1939-04-04 1941-05-27 Charles L Page Sinker
US2378946A (en) * 1942-05-26 1945-06-26 Charles L Page Sinker
US2374857A (en) * 1943-10-02 1945-05-01 Hemphill Co Method of knitting
US2529181A (en) * 1947-04-25 1950-11-07 Scott & Williams Inc Sinker cam mechanism for circular knitting machines and method of operating a circular knitting machine
US2582465A (en) * 1949-07-08 1952-01-15 Hemphill Co Sinker cap and operating mechanism
US3023594A (en) * 1959-04-28 1962-03-06 Singer Fidelity Inc Method of knitting a two feed stocking

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3430463A (en) * 1961-02-18 1969-03-04 Hanes Corp Method and apparatus for making run-resistant knitted fabric
US3283542A (en) * 1962-04-10 1966-11-08 Hanes Corp Method and apparatus for knitting run resistant fabric
US3293886A (en) * 1964-08-13 1966-12-27 Hanes Corp Apparatus and method for producing plush knitted fabric
US5840233A (en) * 1997-09-16 1998-11-24 Optimer, Inc. Process of making melt-spun elastomeric fibers
US6277942B1 (en) 1997-09-16 2001-08-21 Optimer, Inc. Melt-spun elastomeric fibers and the preparation thereof

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Publication number Publication date
DE1435177A1 (de) 1969-01-02
SE303820B (en:Method) 1968-09-09
BE613486A (fr) 1962-05-29
CH423072A (de) 1966-10-31
AT259126B (de) 1967-12-27
GB989188A (en) 1965-04-14
NL274341A (en:Method)

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