US3236825A - Polyvinyl chloride fibres and process for producing same - Google Patents

Polyvinyl chloride fibres and process for producing same Download PDF

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Publication number
US3236825A
US3236825A US234849A US23484962A US3236825A US 3236825 A US3236825 A US 3236825A US 234849 A US234849 A US 234849A US 23484962 A US23484962 A US 23484962A US 3236825 A US3236825 A US 3236825A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
fibres
shrinkage
polyvinyl chloride
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Expired - Lifetime
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US234849A
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English (en)
Inventor
Gord Louis Joseph
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rhovyl SA
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Rhovyl SA
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Publication date
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D01F6/08—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons
    • D01F6/10—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons from polyvinyl chloride or polyvinylidene chloride

Definitions

  • the fibres obtained by the aforesaid processes are of value in the textile field, because they have chemical inertness, high resistance to light, non-flammability and strong thermal, electrical and acoustic insulation prop erties.
  • Such fibres are sensitive to certain organic solvents used for the dry cleaning of clothing.
  • the most usual of these solvents are: light petroleum spirit, white spirit, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene and perchlorethylene.
  • trichlorethylene has a high swelling power and is the most aggressive, this swelling of the fibres being accompanied by considerable shrinkage. The attack is stronger as the temperature is higher.
  • polyvinyl chloride fibres which are characterised by having a good breaking strength, an improved stability in boiling water and a shrinkage less than or equal to after 30 minutes in trichlorethylene at 40 C.
  • polyvinyl chloride fibres having the entirely novel properties of a breaking strength of more than 2 g. per denier, a shrinkage in boiling water of less than 10% and a shrinkage in trichloroethylene at 40 C. of less than 10%.
  • the filaments obtained from these polymers are subjected to a drawing operation with a view to giving them an oriented crystalline structure.
  • this operation should preferably be carried out at high temmrature and more especially at a temperature between and 150 C.; they are then subjected to a heat treatment under tension at a temperature which may reach 170 C.
  • the drawn filaments, before or after the heat setting treatment may be subjected to a heat relaxation treatment which reduces the sensitivity of the fibres to heat and to solvents. The extent of this relaxation or shrinkage may vary according to the effect to be obtained; it could for example reach 30% if particularly stable fibres are desired. It is found that the filaments obtained are practically insensitive to the action of trichlorethylene.
  • the fibres obtained according to the invention may be subjected to appropriate finishing treatments to prepare them for weaving, knitting or the production of unwoven articles, and for these purposes they may be employed alone or mixed with other natural, artificial or synthetic fibres.
  • Example Polyvinyl chloride fibres are obtained by spinning a solution of a vinyl chloride polymer having the AFNOR index 510, which can be obtained by polymerisation at a temperature between 10 and 20 C. in the presence of suitable catalysts.
  • the wet spinning process is used, starting with a 10% solution of the polymer in dimethyl formamide.
  • the initial suspension in this solvent is brought to a temperature of C., which causes the polymer to dissolve, the solution then being filtered and fed to a spinneret with 240 holes each having a diameter of 0.07 mm.
  • the filaments are coagulated in a bath at 40 C. initially formed of 70% of dimethyl formamide and 30% of water, the concentration being kept constant during the spinning.
  • the filaments are then Washed in baths with progressively smaller contents of dimethyl formamide. After drying, the fibres are drawn in mineral oil at C. in the ratio of 1 to 12, then subjected to a heat treatment under tension at C. for 30 seconds in mineral oil.
  • the fibres obtained have the following properties:
  • the new fibres obtained have the following properties:
  • the polyvinyl chloride used for making fibres was obtained by emulsion polymerisation, suspension polymerisation or block polymerisation at temperatures higher than 0 C. and had an AFNOR index between 100 and 200.
  • the fibres showed shrinkages up to 60% in trichlorethylene at 40 C.
  • the drawing and the heat treatments applied to the fibres of the present invention can be carried out in oil, air or in any appropriate non-swelling liquid medium or gaseous medium, or by contact with a hot surface.
  • the duration and the temperature of the heat treatment under tension of the fibres depends on properties which it is desired to give to the fibres.
  • a second heat relaxation treatment may be applied if desired.
  • Polyvinyl chloride fibres having a breaking strength of more than 2 g. per denier, a shrinkage in boiling water of less than and a shrinkage in trichlorethylene at 40 C. of less than 10%.
  • Process for the production of polyvinyl chloride fibres having a breaking strength of more than 2 grams per denier, a shrinkage in boiling water of less than 10% and a shrinkage in trichloroethylene at 40 C. of less than 10% which comprises spinning a solution of polyvinyl chloride having an AFNOR index of 450 as determined in cyclohexanone at 25 C., where the AFNOR index equals and n equals the dynamic viscosity of the solution n.
  • the dynamic viscosity of the pure solvent C equals the concentration in grams per millilitre of the solution and obtained by polymerisation of vinyl chloride at a temperature below 0 C., stretching the resulting filaments at a temperature of to C., and thereafter subjecting them to two stages of treatment carried out in either order, one being heat setting at a temperature of at most C. and the other being a heat relaxation treatment to cause shrinkage of at most 30%.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
US234849A 1961-11-07 1962-11-01 Polyvinyl chloride fibres and process for producing same Expired - Lifetime US3236825A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR878196A FR1312535A (fr) 1961-11-07 1961-11-07 Nouvelles fibres de chlorure de polyvinyle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3236825A true US3236825A (en) 1966-02-22

Family

ID=8766193

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US234849A Expired - Lifetime US3236825A (en) 1961-11-07 1962-11-01 Polyvinyl chloride fibres and process for producing same

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3236825A (xx)
BE (1) BE624420A (xx)
DE (1) DE1289945B (xx)
ES (1) ES281311A1 (xx)
FR (1) FR1312535A (xx)
GB (1) GB958180A (xx)
NL (2) NL131319C (xx)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3327037A (en) * 1962-12-24 1967-06-20 Snia Viscosa Process for the spinning of the crystalline polymer of vinyl chloride
US3372219A (en) * 1963-02-12 1968-03-05 Rhovyl Sa Synthetic fibres based upon polyvinyl chloride
US3388201A (en) * 1962-04-06 1968-06-11 Chatillon Italiana Fibre Polyvinyl chloride textile fibres and method of manufacturing
US3419891A (en) * 1966-09-12 1968-12-31 Sartomer Resins Inc Methyl methacrylate resin denture plates containing embedded veinsimulating short-length strands of nonplasticized, low shrinkage fibers of polyvinyl chloride having an afnor index greater than 450
US3431330A (en) * 1968-05-15 1969-03-04 Sartomer Resins Inc Method of molding decorative,veined,translucent,rigid plate
US3490223A (en) * 1968-03-04 1970-01-20 Chatillon Sa Ital Per Le Fibre High-bulk yarn of polyvinyl-chloride and process for preparing same
US3522341A (en) * 1964-05-04 1970-07-28 Diamond Shamrock Corp Preparation of high tenacity polyvinyl fluoride structures

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2495645A1 (fr) * 1980-12-08 1982-06-11 Rhone Poulenc Textile Fils et fibres de bonnes proprietes a base de polychlorure de vinyle atactique et procede pour leur obtention

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2405008A (en) * 1943-09-21 1946-07-30 Du Pont Treatment of oriented halogencontaining polymers
CA459156A (en) * 1949-08-23 Francisque Gaston Mouchiroud Antoine Manufacture of threads, etc., from polyvinyl chloride
FR994511A (fr) * 1949-07-06 1951-11-19 Rhodiaceta Procédé pour la fabrication de filaments, fils, crins, pailles et articles analogues en polymères du chlorure de vinyle
FR1081987A (fr) * 1953-05-18 1954-12-24 Rhovyl Sa Procédé de fabrication de fibres de chlorure de polyvinyle
US2712490A (en) * 1950-06-22 1955-07-05 Rhodiaceta Process for spinning swollen polyvinyl chloride
US2716110A (en) * 1952-11-26 1955-08-23 Us Rubber Co Polymerization of vinyl chloride with n-chlorophthalimide modifier
US2716112A (en) * 1952-11-26 1955-08-23 Us Rubber Co Polymerization of vinyl chloride with 1, 1, 1-tribromo-2-methylpropanol-2 modifier
US2822237A (en) * 1955-02-21 1958-02-04 Iwamae Hiroshi Process for producing filament of vinyl chloride polymer
US2924503A (en) * 1957-07-30 1960-02-09 Du Pont Process for melt spinning polyesters containing an alkaline earth sulfate filler
US3011859A (en) * 1958-08-18 1961-12-05 Chemstrand Corp Manufacture of polymeric shaped objects by wet spinning
GB920808A (en) * 1958-06-20 1963-03-13 Osaka Kinzoku Kogyo Kabushiki Method for producing fibers and filaments
GB969742A (en) * 1962-06-18 1964-09-16 Rhovyl Sa Improvements relating to chlorinated polyvinyl chloride fibres

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT165075B (de) * 1946-03-22 1950-01-10 Ici Ltd Verfahren zum Warmrecken von Fäden, Filmen, Folien u. dgl. Artikel aus Polymerisationskunststoff
AT184663B (de) * 1951-07-12 1956-02-10 Du Pont Verfahren zur Verbesserung der elastischen Eigenschaften von Fasern oder Fäden aus Polymeren der Terephthalsäureester

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA459156A (en) * 1949-08-23 Francisque Gaston Mouchiroud Antoine Manufacture of threads, etc., from polyvinyl chloride
US2405008A (en) * 1943-09-21 1946-07-30 Du Pont Treatment of oriented halogencontaining polymers
FR994511A (fr) * 1949-07-06 1951-11-19 Rhodiaceta Procédé pour la fabrication de filaments, fils, crins, pailles et articles analogues en polymères du chlorure de vinyle
US2712490A (en) * 1950-06-22 1955-07-05 Rhodiaceta Process for spinning swollen polyvinyl chloride
US2716110A (en) * 1952-11-26 1955-08-23 Us Rubber Co Polymerization of vinyl chloride with n-chlorophthalimide modifier
US2716112A (en) * 1952-11-26 1955-08-23 Us Rubber Co Polymerization of vinyl chloride with 1, 1, 1-tribromo-2-methylpropanol-2 modifier
FR1081987A (fr) * 1953-05-18 1954-12-24 Rhovyl Sa Procédé de fabrication de fibres de chlorure de polyvinyle
US2822237A (en) * 1955-02-21 1958-02-04 Iwamae Hiroshi Process for producing filament of vinyl chloride polymer
US2924503A (en) * 1957-07-30 1960-02-09 Du Pont Process for melt spinning polyesters containing an alkaline earth sulfate filler
GB920808A (en) * 1958-06-20 1963-03-13 Osaka Kinzoku Kogyo Kabushiki Method for producing fibers and filaments
US3011859A (en) * 1958-08-18 1961-12-05 Chemstrand Corp Manufacture of polymeric shaped objects by wet spinning
GB969742A (en) * 1962-06-18 1964-09-16 Rhovyl Sa Improvements relating to chlorinated polyvinyl chloride fibres

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3388201A (en) * 1962-04-06 1968-06-11 Chatillon Italiana Fibre Polyvinyl chloride textile fibres and method of manufacturing
US3327037A (en) * 1962-12-24 1967-06-20 Snia Viscosa Process for the spinning of the crystalline polymer of vinyl chloride
US3372219A (en) * 1963-02-12 1968-03-05 Rhovyl Sa Synthetic fibres based upon polyvinyl chloride
US3522341A (en) * 1964-05-04 1970-07-28 Diamond Shamrock Corp Preparation of high tenacity polyvinyl fluoride structures
US3419891A (en) * 1966-09-12 1968-12-31 Sartomer Resins Inc Methyl methacrylate resin denture plates containing embedded veinsimulating short-length strands of nonplasticized, low shrinkage fibers of polyvinyl chloride having an afnor index greater than 450
US3490223A (en) * 1968-03-04 1970-01-20 Chatillon Sa Ital Per Le Fibre High-bulk yarn of polyvinyl-chloride and process for preparing same
US3431330A (en) * 1968-05-15 1969-03-04 Sartomer Resins Inc Method of molding decorative,veined,translucent,rigid plate

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL285097A (xx) 1900-01-01
FR1312535A (fr) 1962-12-21
BE624420A (xx) 1900-01-01
NL131319C (xx) 1900-01-01
ES281311A1 (es) 1963-03-01
DE1289945B (de) 1969-02-27
GB958180A (en) 1964-05-13

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