US3236644A - Process for silver development of photopolymerization prints and print forming element therefor - Google Patents

Process for silver development of photopolymerization prints and print forming element therefor Download PDF

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US3236644A
US3236644A US215079A US21507962A US3236644A US 3236644 A US3236644 A US 3236644A US 215079 A US215079 A US 215079A US 21507962 A US21507962 A US 21507962A US 3236644 A US3236644 A US 3236644A
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silver
silver halide
photopolymerization
layer
catalyst
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Jr Paul B Gilman
Ralph W Baxendale
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Eastman Kodak Co
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Eastman Kodak Co
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Priority to US323644D priority patent/USB323644I5/en
Priority to BE635844D priority patent/BE635844A/xx
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Priority to US215079A priority patent/US3236644A/en
Priority to FR943107A priority patent/FR1364964A/fr
Priority to DE19631447621 priority patent/DE1447621A1/de
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
    • G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
    • G03F7/028—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with photosensitivity-increasing substances, e.g. photoinitiators
    • G03F7/0285—Silver salts, e.g. a latent silver salt image
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
    • C08F2/46—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation

Definitions

  • This invention relates to imagewise photopolymerization of monomeric vinyl layers and particularly to a process for silver development of images obtained in said layers. Still more particularly the invention relates to a differential diffusion transfer process for silver development of photopolymerization images.
  • an imagewise-exposed photopolymerizable layer is developed to a silver-bearing print by the application of solubilized silver to the image portions thereof, usually by diffusion transfer from an unexposed silver halide emulsion layer.
  • One aspect of the present invention is, therefore, somewhat related to a diffusion transfer process.
  • a print is formed in a nonlight-sensitive receiving layer by transfer and reduction of solubilized silver halide in the receiving layer from an exposed and developed silver halide emulsion layer which is in contact therewith.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a process for preparing silver-image-bearing prints of good quality and stability. Another object is to provide a diffusion transfer process which employs a light-sensitive receiving layer and an unexposed silver halide emulsion layer. Still another object is to provide photopolymerizable elements for preparing positive silver-image-bearing prints. Other objects will become apparent from a reading of the specification and appended claims.
  • the photopolymerizable receiving layer which generally becomes the print (usually positive) according to the invention, comprises a layer of photopolymerizable, ethylenically-unsaturated monomer containing a photocatalyst, such as cadmium sulfide, zinc sulfide, zinc oxide, etc., uniformly dispersed throughout the layer.
  • photocatalysts also function as nuclei for physical development of the silver halide.
  • Other photocatalysts can also be used even though they do not function as silver precipitating nuclei, but silver precipitating nuclei must then be added separately.
  • Photopolyrnerizable monomers of this type are well known in the art and have been described in a number of domestic and foreign patents, for example, US. 2,289,540, issued July 14, 1942. See also Luckey and West U.S. Patent 3,038,800, issued June 12, 1962, and Baxendale and Luckey U.S. application Serial No. 71,141, filed November 23, 1960 for other examples of such monomers, and methods for preparing light-sensitive layers.
  • suitable polymerizable compositions for use in preparing the photopolymerizable receiving layers of the inven tion include as the essential polymerizable component thereof, at least one polymerizable ethylenically-unsaturated vinyl or vinylidene compounds, for example, watersoluble acrylic monomers, such as acrylic acid, and derivatives of acrylic acid, e.g., methacrylic acid, methyl, ethyl, or propyl acrylate, etc., acrylamide, and derivatives of acrylamide, e.g., methacrylamide, methylene-bis-acrylamide, gamma dimethylamino-propylacrylamide, etc., metal acrylates, e.g., calcium acrylate; acrylonitrile, etc.; vinylpyrrolidone; vinylpyridines; quaternary salts of vinylpyridines, e.g., 1,2 dimethyl 4 vinylpyridinium methyl sulfate; etc.
  • watersoluble acrylic monomers such as acrylic
  • acrylamide and metal acrylates, and derivatives of these monomers were found to be particularly suitable for producing homogenous mixtures with non-light sensitive, binding and vehicular substances, such as, for example, gelatin, zein, nylon, monostearin (glycerol monostearate), ethyl cellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, maleopirnaric acid, methylmethacrylatemethacrylic acid copolymer, polymethacrylic acid, polyvinyl hydrogen phthalate, cellulose acetate phthalate, polyethylene glycols, such as Carbowax 4000 to Carbowax 20,000, etc. The numbers given the Carbowax materials indicate the approximate molecular weight.
  • FIG. 1 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of a light-sensitive printing element of the present invention comprising a support having a photopolymerizable layer superposed thereon.
  • FIG. 2 shows a process for exposing the light-sensitive printing element of FIG. 1 from behind a negative transparency to produce differentially polymerized areas in the photopolymerizable layer of said element.
  • FIG. 3 shows a process for producing positive silver images in the exposed photopolymerizable layer by diffusion transfer from an unexposed silver halide emulsion layer in the presence of a processing solution comprising a silver halide developing agent and a silver halide solvent.
  • the photopolymerizable layer after exposure acts as a silver receiving layer in accordance with the invention.
  • a support 10 is coated with a photopolymerizable layer comprising an ethylenically-unsaturated vinyl monomeric component 11 (e.g., acrylamide) which has uniformly 3 distributed therethrough a water-insoluble photocatalyst 12.
  • an ethylenically-unsaturated vinyl monomeric component 11 e.g., acrylamide
  • the light-sensitive element comprising a support having a photopolymerizable layer comprising the ethylenically-unsaturated monomeric component 11 and photocatalyst 12 is exposed through a negative trans parency having transparent areas 13 and opaque areas 14.
  • the exposing source emits actinic radiations 15 from a light source 16 as intensified by a reflector 17.
  • FIG. 3 the exposed light-sensitive element of FIG. 2 is placed in contact with an unexposed silver halide emulsion layer 19 carried on a support 18 in the presence of a processing solution 20 which comprises a silver halide developing agent and a silver halide solvent.
  • a processing solution 20 which comprises a silver halide developing agent and a silver halide solvent.
  • solubilized silver halide transfers by diffusion from the unexposed silver halide emulsion layer 19 to the exposed areas 21 of the lightsensitive element where the silver halide is reduced to metallic silver to form a positive silver image.
  • Positive silver images can be produced in the light-sensitive photopolymerizable receiving layer simultaneously with the production of negative silver images in the unexposed silver halide emulsion layer, although the quality of the negative silver image is subject to considerable variation in quality, depending on amount of silver solvent present, etc.
  • the photocatalyst (and also separate silver precipitating agent when the photocatalyst does not also function as a silver precipitating agent) is uniformly dispersed throughout a suitable polymerizable monomeric solution prior to coating on a suitable support.
  • a solid photocatalyst for use in the photopolymerizable composition can be prepared under safelight conditions using a Kodak Safelight Filter, e.g., Wratten Series 1A, a process which comprises mixing, for example, an alkali metal sulfide with a suitable carrier, such as gelatin, followed by the addition of a Water-soluble salt of the photocatalyst cation, e.g., cadmium nitrate, with thorough mixing until precipitation of the photocatalyst sulfide is complete. The mixture is then uniformly dispersed in a solution of a polymerizable monomer, coated on a suitable support and dried.
  • the photocatalyst that has been prepared and kept away from actinic radiation is called an unfogged catalyst.
  • any of the metallic photocatalysts of the invention can be normally added in the coating compositions on preparation in an amount ranging from about 0.005 percent to about 10 percent by weight of the entire composition, with especially useful quantities being in the range from about 0.01 percent to about 1 percent.
  • the optimum amount of photocatalyst will vary considerably, depending upon the chemistry of the particular compound.
  • the monomeric component When preparing the photopolymerizable compositions for use in the invention, it is usually necessary that the monomeric component be soluble in the solvent used, so that a homogeneous mixture can be prepared. A photocatalyst (and silver precipitating nuclei if needed) is then added to this mixture with agitation to assure uniform distribution of the photocatalyst throughout the medium.
  • the monomeric component is usually present in the photopolymerizable compositions for preparing the silver re DCving layer in an amount from about 10% to about 65% by weight of the total composition.
  • the amount of solvent used in preparing a particular photopolymerizable composition is not critical, and the minimum amount need only be sufficient to permit a uniform coating.
  • Amounts of solvent up to 90 percent and more of the entire solution can be used, although it is generally preferred that the amount of solvent not exceed 65 percent of this solution. If desired, only sufficient solvent to form a paste-like consistency need be used.
  • a vehicle or binder of choice (as indicated above) can be added in preparing the composition for coating on a suitable support. Although no binder need be contained in the polymerizing composition, it is often preferred to employ a binder to obtain improved physical characteristics.
  • Suitable binder concentration can be in the range from about 5 percent to about 60 percent by weight of the total polymerizable composition. The preferred binder concentration is in the range from about 10 percent to about 30 percent by weight of the total composition.
  • compositions for use in the present invention should be prepared so that they can be dried to a firm nontacky layer.
  • a suitable hardening agent such as formaldehyde or mucochloric acid.
  • Formaldehyde is particularly advantageous where gelatin is included in the receiving layer as a carrier.
  • Compositions such as these can be readily coated, cast or extruded onto a suitable supporting material.
  • Suitable supporting materials can include a wide variety of materials, such as paper (e.g., grease-proof paper, i.e., map overlay tracing parchment, glassine paper, vegetable parchment, etc.); cellulose film base (e.g., cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate propionate, etc.); metals (e.g., aluminum foil); glass; etc.
  • paper e.g., grease-proof paper, i.e., map overlay tracing parchment, glassine paper, vegetable parchment, etc.
  • cellulose film base e.g., cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate propionate, etc.
  • metals e.g., aluminum foil
  • glass e.g., aluminum foil
  • Other suitable materials comprise such synthetic materials as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene, terephthalate, cellulose esters, and the
  • Light-sensitive receiving layers of the invention can also have incorporated therein auxiliary nucleating agents. While some of these agents alone do not appear to act as sensitizers for the photopolymerization, it was found that their use in conjunction with an inorganic catalyst for photopolymerization gave improved density in image areas after development. Nucleating agents of the type contemplated for such use can include any of the well known nucleating materials, such as those disclosed in Rott U.S. 2,352,014 and in Yutzy et al. U.S. 2,740,717.
  • Suitable materials of the type described include sulfides of heavy metals, such as lead, silver, zinc, etc.; certain selenides; metals, such as silver, gold, platinum, palladium, mercury, colloidal silver; silver proteinate; and the like.
  • an auxiliary nucleating agent is used together with an inorganic photocatalyst, or photocatalyst which has none or feebly silver nucleating properties, of the present invention, it can be mixed in the coating composition prior to coating on a support and stirred vigorously to assure uniform distribution throughout the medium.
  • concentration of the silver nucleating auxiliary agent in the coating composition can vary over a wide range. Normally, only a very small amount of such auxiliary agents is required to give optimum density improvements in the receiving layer.
  • auxiliary nucleating agent such as colloidal silver
  • receiving layers containing from about 0.002 gram of an auxiliary nucleating agent, such as colloidal silver, per ml. of coating composition was found to give useful results in the present invention.
  • the upper limit of concentration was not critical. However, most useful results can be obtained where the auxiliary agent is present in a range from about 0.002 gram to about 2.0 grams of agent per 100 ml. of coating composition.
  • the wet coating thickness of the compositions can vary widely. For example, a wet coating thickness of from about 0.0005-inch to about 0.0l5-inch was found to be suitable, with a preferred wet coating thickness in the range from about 0.002-inch to about 0.006- inch. Coating thicknesses within about this range were found to be easily dried and produced good silver images.
  • the afore-described light-sensitive printing materials can be exposed to actinic radiation to form a latent image in the light-sensitive layers.
  • the actinic radiation exposure is usually from behind a suitable negative or positive image having differential areas of transparency and opaqueness.
  • Suitable source of actinic radiation can comprise such sources as a General Electric No. 2 reflector flood lamp or General Electric Osira lamps having two 400-watt high pressure mercury vapor tubes.
  • Another suitable source of actinic radiation which emits radiations rich in ultraviolet comprises a 250-watt British Thompson-Houston type ME/D mercury arc. Where a radiation source of this latter type was used, a 500 mm.
  • Bausch & Lomb Monochromator was placed between the illuminating source and the printing material.
  • the light output was meas ured with a Weston photocell.
  • This photocell was calibrated with a thermopile-galvanometer combination which had been standardized with Bureau of Standards lamps C52 and C-675.
  • the preferred actinic radiation sources are those which give an exposure in the optimum range of sensitivity for the light-sensitive printing materials, which was found to be in the range from about 300 m to about 550 m l.
  • an unexposed and undeveloped silver halide emulsion layer comprising an emulsion such as silver chloride, silver bromide, silver chlorobrornide, silver bromoiodide, silver bromochloroiodide, etc.
  • an unexposed and undeveloped silver halide emulsion layer comprising an emulsion such as silver chloride, silver bromide, silver chlorobrornide, silver bromoiodide, silver bromochloroiodide, etc.
  • the photopolymerized layer is treated with a physical developer.
  • the exposed polymerized layer and the unexposed silver halide emul ion layer are separated and a positive silver image is obtained in the photopolymerizable layer and a usable negative silver image can be obtained in the unexposed emulsion layer.
  • the print receiving layer can be treated in a number of ways, for example; further polymerized by over-all exposure to actinic radiation; developed by Washing away unexposed, unpolymerized portions with a suitable solvent; etc. Accordingly, the print receiving elements of the invention can be used in a number of processes Well known in the art.
  • a negative silver image can be produced in the receiving layer from a negative original (or a positive from a positive original).
  • the solubilized silver halide is transferred by diffusion to, and reduced by, the unexposed areas of the receiving layer and deposited therein as metallic silver. In some cases, little, if any, transfer of solubilized silver halide occurs in the exposed areas of the print receiving layer.
  • This process constitutes essentially a reversal process, since in this case a negative silver image is produced in the receiving layer from exposure to a negative or, on the other hand, a positive can be produced from a positive.
  • a photopolymerizable composition as hereinbefore described, is prepared into which is added a silver intensifying agent or toning agent such as certain organic mercapto compounds when employed alone, or in combination with a dithiabis quaternary ammonium salt of the type described in the copending application of P. B. Gilman et al., Ser. No. 141,036, entitled Photographic Silver Halide Diffusion Transfer Process, filed September 27, 1961, and now abandoned.
  • Typical mercaptan compounds of this type include:
  • the silver-intensifying agent can be added to the composition in an amount over a wide range. For example, from about 0.1 percent to about 5 percent by weight of the total weight of the coatable composition. The preferred amount is in the range from about 0.5 percent to about 2 percent by weight.
  • the essential constituents of the processing solutions for use of a diffusion transfer technique in the present invention comprise a photographic developing agent and a silver halide solvent.
  • suitable developing agents can comprise any of the well-known silver halide developing agents, such as Metol (e.g., N-methyl-p-aminophenolsulfate), hydroquinone compounds (e.g., hydroquinone, chlorohydroquinone, etc.), diaminophenols (e.g., 2,4-diaminophenol, 3,4-diaminophenolhydrochloride, etc.), glycine, l-phenyl- B-pyrazolidone, and its derivatives, triaminophenols (e.g., 2,4,6-triaminophenol), catechol, pyrogallol, gallic acid, p-phenylenediamine, ene-diols (e.g., ascorbic acid), and combinations of these developing agents.
  • Metol e.g.
  • the preferred silver halide solvents for use in the processing solutions of the present invention comprise alkali metal thiosulfates, such as sodium thiosulfate, potassium thiosulfate, etc., and ammonium thiosulfate.
  • alkali metal thiosulfates such as sodium thiosulfate, potassium thiosulfate, etc.
  • ammonium thiosulfate can also be used as silver halide solvents.
  • a light-sensitive photopolymerizable printing material was prepared as follows; the preparation and coating was gained out under Kodak Safelight Filter, Wratten Series To 275 ml. of a 0.4 percent gelatin solution were added 4 ml. of 0.25 molar sodium sulfide, followed by the addition with stirring of 100 ml. of 10 percent gelatin containing 4 ml. of 0.25 molar cadmium nitrate. To the mixture, while constantly agitating, were added 25 grams of acrylamide dissolved in 50 ml. methanol. To ml. of the mixture, while stirring, were then added 4 ml. of a 7.5 percent saponin solution and 3 ml.
  • EXAMPLE 2 The image tone in Example 1 was somewhat brownish. A more neutral tone was obtained as follows:
  • the preparation was then coated at 0.002-inch thickness on a strip of vegetable parchment, dried at 125 F. and exposed as in Example 1. After exposure the printing material was contacted with an unexposed silver bromoiodide emulsion layer in the presence of a processing solution of Table 1.
  • the printing material was separated from the emulsion layer and a negative silver image was apparent in the printing material with a negative silver image being produced in the emulsion layer.
  • EXAMPLE 3 The following formula was coated at 0.003-inch wet thickness on glass and dried at room temperature.
  • Cadmium sulfide slurry two parts water to one part cadmium sulfide by weight ml 100 Calcium acrylate grams 1.0
  • the cadmium sulfide slurry was prepared by passing hydrogen sulfide gas with good stirring into a 2-liter volume of distilled water containing 57.1 grams of cadmium chloride until precipitation of cadmium sulfide was complete. The reaction was carried out under Kodak Safelight illumination using a Kodak Series 1A Wratten Filter. The cadmium sulfide precipitate was then washed five times by decantation with distilled water and the volume of the slurry made to 240 ml. The slurry was then stored in the dark until used.
  • the coating comprised of the above composition was exposed for one minute at a distance of 7 inches from a GB No. 2 reflector flood lamp from behind a line negative having transparent areas and opaque areas. After exposure, the coating was placed in contact with a silver chloride emulsion layer for one minute in the presence of a processing solution of Table II. After the contacting interval the light-sensitive printing material of this example was removed and a silver image of good definition was produced in the printing material.
  • a zinc oxide-containing photopolymerizable receiving layer was prepared as follows.
  • the dried coating was exposed to a Kodak No. 2 Photoflood Lamp at 20 inches for 20 seconds and then placed in surface contact with an unexposed silver bromiodide emulsion which had been soaked for 3 seconds in a developer-solvent composition of Table III.
  • the two layers i.e., the unexposed emulsion layer and the receiving layer, were stripped apart revealing a positive image in the receiving layer corresponding to the exposed areas thereof with a substantially white background density in the unexposed areas.
  • the zinc oxide employed in the present example was French process zinc oxide sold as XX78 zinc oxide by the New Jersey Zinc Company.
  • EXAMPLE 5 A polymerizable receiving layer prepared as follows gave improved image quality.
  • Example 1 To 20 ml. of a 10 percent gelatin solution were added 5 ml. of 5 percent aqueous gamma dimethylaminopropylacrylamide, 4 ml. of a 7 percent saponin solution, 3 ml. of a 2 percent chrome alum solution, 10 ml. of a cadmium sulfide dispersion in gelatin and 0.1 ml. of a 1 percent solution of aqueous methylene blue chloride.
  • the CdS dispersion was prepared as in Example 1.
  • the mixture was coated in subdued illumination at 0.002 inch wet thickness on a titanium dioxide pigmented film support and dried.
  • the light-sensitive photopolymerizable receiving layer was given an imagewise exposure as in Example 1 and placed in surface contact with a silver halide emulsion layer in the presence of a solution having the composition of Table III. After about 30 seconds contact time, the two layers were separated, revealing a positive silver image of low background density in the photopolymerizable receiving layer.
  • the unhardened portions of the receiving layer could be removed by washing with tempered water or some other suitable solvent. Normally, however, the entire surface of the receiving layer can be permanently stabilized by exposure to light, thus rendering the entire surface hardened and containing a silver image after processing according to the example.
  • a photopolymerizable receiving layer employing an auxiliary nucleating agent was prepared as follows.
  • Silver protein of the example can also be prepared from silver oxide and gelatin in the presence of alkali by heating the mixture until no precipitate is obtained upon the addition of a solution of silver chloride. This preparation when evaporated to dryness normally contains between '19% and 22% silver.
  • composition of the example after thorough mixing was doctor-blade coated on a titanium dioxide pigmented film support at a wet thickness of 0.002 inch and dried.
  • the coating was then exposed to a line negative as in Example 1.
  • the exposed coating was then placed in contact with an unexposed strip of fine grain negative speed silver halide emulsion which had been previously soaked in a composition of Table IV. After a contact time of about 90 seconds, a good visible image was obtained in the exposed coating and it was also noted that a good visible image was obtained in the contacting emulsion layer which was reversed with respect to the receiving layer due to the imagewise depletion of silver from the emulsion layer.
  • a second element was prepared in an identical manner as the one described above, except that the coating did not contain cadmium sulfide nuclei. In this case, no visible image was obtained in the exposed coating after contacting with a treated emulsion layer as hereinabove described.
  • composition was then well mixed and coated on a suitable support at 0.002 inch wet thickness and dried. After drying, the coating was exposed and processed as in Example 6 to give a negative image of good quality.
  • methylene blue as a photocatalyst
  • other 10 photocatalysts such as the azo-bis-alkane nitriles, ben- Zoin, etc.
  • Acyloins of the type described in Crandall U.S. Patent 2,722,512, dated November 1, 1955, can also be used.
  • EXAMPLE 8 To 100 ml. of a 5% aqueous solution were added 20 ml. of cadmium sulfide dispersion prepared as described in Example -1, 5 ml. of 7.5% aqueous saponin solution, and 3 ml. of 10% aqueous formaldehyde. The dispersion was thoroughly mixed and coated at a thickness of .003 inch on ordinary acetate film support.
  • a second coating was made after adding 2 ml. of 50% aqueous .acrylamide to 10 ml. of the above mixture.
  • both coatings were exposed 20 seconds through a line image to a No. 2 photoflood lamp at a distance of 5 inches and then immersed in a physical developer prepared by adding a solution of 8 g. of silver nitrate in 50 ml. of distilled water to 30 g. of sodium sulfite in .150 ml. of distilled water until the white precipitate first formed disappears, diluting the mixture to 475 ml., adding g. of sodium thiosulfate and adding 0.25 g. of amidol per ml. of solution.
  • continuous tone positive prints were obtained from a silver negative where the negative was treated with a solution contain-ing a silver halide developing agent, a silver halide solvent, and a sulfur dioxide adduct, such as 2,2'-iminodiethanol -SO and then rolledin contact with a dry unexposed silver halide emulsion layer.
  • a positive image was obtained in the emulsion layer, when it was fogged by light.
  • the present invention makes possible a single one-step process of development of a latent photographic polymer image in inexpensive print-forming materials which after development are stable, and usually unaffected by a variety of conditions, temperatures, humidities, etc., which so often have deleterious effects on final prints of many print-forming materials. It will also be apparent that the present invention is particularly adapted to producing improved direct-positive silver images employing a light-sensitive layer as the print-forming receiving layer.
  • a process for producing silver images in the lightsensitive photopolymerizable receiving layer of a photographic element comprising (a) image-wise exposing to actinic light selected portions of said layer, and
  • said monomeric component is selected from the class comprising acrylamide, methacrylamide, methylene-bis-acrylamide and acrylic acid.
  • said binder is selected from the class comprising gelatin, zein, nylon, monostearin, ethyl cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, maleopimaric acid, and a polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight in the range from about 4,000 to about 20,000.
  • a process for producing silver images in a lightsensitive photopolymerizable receiving layer of a photographic element comprising (a) exposing to actinic light selected portions of said layer and (b) contacting said exposed layer with an unexposed silver halide emulsion layer in the presence of a processing solution comprising a silver halide developing agent and a silver halide solvent, said element comprising a support and a receiving layer, said receiving layer comprising (1) an ethylenically-unsaturated, monomeric component having dispersed therethrough,
  • a photographic print-forming element comprising a support having coated thereon a light-sensitive receiving composition comprising (a) an ethylenically-unsaturated, monomeric component having uniformly dispersed therethrough,
  • a photographic print-forming element comprising a support having coated thereon a light-sensitive receiving composition comprising (a) an ethylenically-unsaturated, monomeric component having uniformly dispersed therethrough,
  • a photographic print-forming element comprising a support having coated hereon a light-sensitive receiving composition comprising (a) an ethylenically-unsaturated, monomeric component having uniformly dispersed therethrough,

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US215079A 1962-08-06 1962-08-06 Process for silver development of photopolymerization prints and print forming element therefor Expired - Lifetime US3236644A (en)

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GB1052921D GB1052921A (xx) 1962-08-06
US323644D USB323644I5 (xx) 1962-08-06
BE635844D BE635844A (xx) 1962-08-06
US215079A US3236644A (en) 1962-08-06 1962-08-06 Process for silver development of photopolymerization prints and print forming element therefor
FR943107A FR1364964A (fr) 1962-08-06 1963-07-30 Nouveau procédé de reproduction photographique par diffusion-transfert
DE19631447621 DE1447621A1 (de) 1962-08-06 1963-08-05 Photographisches Reproduktionsverfahren und Material zur Durchfuehrung des Verfahrens

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3909255A (en) * 1973-12-03 1975-09-30 Keuffel & Esser Co Electrolytically induced polymerization utilizing zinc and alkali metal sulfite
US3976817A (en) * 1971-08-25 1976-08-24 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Method of preparing diffusion transfer image-receiving materials
US4257915A (en) * 1979-07-23 1981-03-24 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Photopolymer initiator system containing a semiconductor, a reducing agent and an oxidizing agent
EP0057947A1 (en) * 1981-01-30 1982-08-18 Agfa-Gevaert N.V. Imaging process including silver-complex diffusion transfer and materials therefor suited for use in the production of identification documents
US4425421A (en) 1981-10-09 1984-01-10 Agfa-Gevaert N.V. Process for the production of a laminar article and such article containing information in a hydrophilic colloid stratum

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US3097096A (en) * 1955-01-19 1963-07-09 Oster Gerald Photopolymerization with the formation of relief images
US3019104A (en) * 1957-12-11 1962-01-30 Polaroid Corp Photographic products, processes, and compositions
US3038800A (en) * 1957-12-19 1962-06-12 Eastman Kodak Co Photopolymerization of olefinicallyunsaturated monomers by silver halides
US3075907A (en) * 1958-02-17 1963-01-29 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Photopolymerization of monomers containing vinyl groups by means of silver compoundsas catalysts
US3050390A (en) * 1958-10-06 1962-08-21 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Photopolymerization of vinyl monomers by means of silver compounds as catalysts promoted by amphoteric metal oxides
US3041172A (en) * 1958-12-30 1962-06-26 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Photopolymerization of vinyl monomers with metal oxides as catalysts
US3052541A (en) * 1959-01-14 1962-09-04 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Photographic reproduction process and apparatus therefor
DE1107079B (de) * 1959-07-13 1961-05-18 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Bilduebertragungsverfahren nach dem Silbersalzdiffusionsverfahren und Materialien hierfuer
US3060022A (en) * 1959-07-13 1962-10-23 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Image transfer process
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US3976817A (en) * 1971-08-25 1976-08-24 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Method of preparing diffusion transfer image-receiving materials
US3909255A (en) * 1973-12-03 1975-09-30 Keuffel & Esser Co Electrolytically induced polymerization utilizing zinc and alkali metal sulfite
US4257915A (en) * 1979-07-23 1981-03-24 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Photopolymer initiator system containing a semiconductor, a reducing agent and an oxidizing agent
EP0057947A1 (en) * 1981-01-30 1982-08-18 Agfa-Gevaert N.V. Imaging process including silver-complex diffusion transfer and materials therefor suited for use in the production of identification documents
US4425421A (en) 1981-10-09 1984-01-10 Agfa-Gevaert N.V. Process for the production of a laminar article and such article containing information in a hydrophilic colloid stratum

Also Published As

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BE635844A (xx)
DE1447621A1 (de) 1969-02-27
FR1364964A (fr) 1964-06-26
USB323644I5 (xx)
GB1052921A (xx)

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