US322275A

US322275A - Shell

Info

Publication number: US322275A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1885-07-14
Anticipated expiration: 1902-07-14

Description

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2 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. GARRICK.

(Model.)

SHELL.

No. 322,275. Patented July '14, 1885..

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EXPLOSIVE DEVICES 56 2 Sheets--Sheet J. GARRICK.

(Model.)

SHELL.

No. 322,275. Patented July 14. 1885.

artisanat Ann arloslvr Dalers UNITED STATES xamner PATENT OFFICE..

SHELL.

SPECIFICATION forming part ofi-.atterra Patent No; 322,275, dated July 14, 1385.

Application filed May 22, 1885. (Model.)

To all 'whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, J osnrrr GARRICK, of Michigan City, inthe county of La Porte and y State -of Indiana, have invented certain new 5 and useful Improvements in Projectiles; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use 1o tl1esame,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form part of this speciiication.

My invention relates to an` improvement in i 5 projectiles for mortars; and to this endit consists of an outer and inner shell, tli'e outer` shell y having its body of a'cylindrical oroth-er shape,

a curved spherical base, and the edge of "its open mouth provided with a curved annular 2o flaring flange, which projects over the mouth` of the mortar. The smaller inner shell, fitting easily within the outer shell,is of a spherical or oblong shape and free and independent of the other shell, and is provided at its up- 2 5 per central surface with a central elongated tube. This -tube projects through an aperture in a flat metallic brace or plate, secured to the flange of the Aouter shell by bolts entering into screw-threaded holes in said flange, and thus 3o holds the tube and inner shell in acentral position. Around the neck of the said tube I place a flexible cushion or packing, .the-object of which is to allow a certain amount of freedom of movement and vibration, and also 35 to overcome the inertia when the gun lis discharged and keep it from being dislodged from its central position. This hollow elongated tube, protruding from the inner shell and projecting beyond the metallic plate or 4o bnace, is constructed'witlra narrow strip or projection upon its inner circular surface adjacent to the entrance to the inner'shell proper to act as alodgment or seat for the piece of tinor any suitable material which is placed 4 5 over the aperture of the tube, and hermctically sealed with plaster-of-paris and glue to keep out the' moisture. Upon the top ofthe seal is placed the exploding-cartridge and ti lne-fuse, which will be more fully hereinafter explained. 5o There is situated in the bottom of the outer shell an elastic sabot or seat,having a central aperture for the inner shell, as shown clearly in the accompanying drawings, which seat acts in conjunction with the cushiouaround the neck of the elongated tube, the purpose ol' 5 which was hereinbelore described.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation of the shell complete, showing the fuse, and the pin c, which secures the spiral spring and cutter in position. The tension of 6o the spring may be slightly varied by turning it around the pin in a screw-like manner. Fig. 2 is a like elevation, showing the guiding and holding loop for the fuse, through which it passes. Fig. 3 is a sectional view of 65 au elongated shell, clearly illustrating the construction and arrangement of all its parts. Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the cartridge-cutvter and spring;- Fig. 5 isa top plan view looking into the` shell. Fig. 6 is a sectional 7o view of spherical shell, the seal, the cartridge and plate being the same as that shown in Fig.

3, except the fiat spring as applied to the cutter instead of the spiral one. Fig. 7 shows detail views of all the parts composing the 75 projectile, ready to be united one tothe other,

as follows: The outer shell is first set upon itse'nd. Thesabotis then inserted. The inner shell is then placed centrally within the outer one,'its base resting on the sabot or chair. The 8o shell is then charged. A flexible cushion is now put over the neck ofthe shell. Then the spring is slipped on, andon top of-it another ilexiblc cushion, and over that the plate G, which secures all the parts together, and partieu- S 5 larly the inner shell in a central position, these being modifications of another form, hereinafter pointed out. When the ilat spring is used to carry the cartridge-cutter, one end of itissecuredby one ofthe bolts which is screwed 9o into the llange of the* outer shell. However, it must be understood that the cartridge is not insertedlinto the tube ofthe shell until the shell is desired to be fired. During transportation a cork is simply inserted in the neck, 9 5 which protects th'e tube intact. Vhen the projectile is put in order to be red,the spring is slightly turned, the cartridge put in, and it is ready for use.

Likelettcrs of reference indicate correspondroo ing parts in all the figures.

A designates the outer shell, of cylindrical or other shape, having the Jspherical baseO and the curved annular iia11geD,which-,when

over the flange, and is bound tobe ignited by the shell is inserted in the mortar B, prje'cts over the mouth of it, as shown in Fig. 3.4

The inner shell, E, is of a spherical or oblong form, and is provided with the central elongated tube, F, which projects through the metallic plate or brace G, which is of any suitable shape, said lplate being. secured to the outer shell, A, by the bolts a a, and screw-holes Y within 'the ange D, andholds the shell and tube centrally within thev outer 'shell`or casing,A.,"v

H is the flexible cushion on packing around the neck of the tube F, and located between the plate and the inner shell, which, in conjunction with the flexible sabot or seat I, provided with an aperture'in its central surface `for the base of the shell E, `allows enough freedom of movement, and at the same time preventstoo much vibration-in a vertical direcition of the shell E. These packi'ngs or cushions may be of any suitable material-as, for

. instance, a spiral spring may be used either for the seat at the bottom of the shell E or for the cushion, the neck of the tube F, or might be used'for both, without altering the spirit of myinvention. f

b'is a narrow strip or projection upon the inner circular surface of the tube F, upon 'which Ais Vplaced the tin and sealing device.

The percussion-cartridge J is placed on top of this wall ,or partition', and is provided with the timeffuse 0, which is passed through a guide-hole, K, formed of a piece of metal, and held between the plate G and the iiange D by the bolts a; Thus the fuse is made to project the dash of the powder when the mortar is discharged.

AShould the fuse fail to fulfill its allotted duty,

I take the precaution y.to provide the spiral,-

sp'ring andcutter L,` which will cause theipercussion of the cartridge J and-force the par-l tition between the shell and tube into the shell.

Instead or using the spiral springand cutter shown, I could use another style-that of a single fiat spring held bythe bolt a, as shown in Fig. 5.

e designates a small pin or-catch, the objectof which is to register withthe spaces between the spirals of the spring-cutter L, and thereby hold the said cuttersecurely upon the tube F.

The manner'of operating andring of this shell may be briefly statedY asfollowsi'The.-

gunner 'touchesi theicliarge in the mortar. The flash ofthe powder ignites the time-fuse, which projects downwardly over theiiange of the outer shell. Thus the cartridge -is exploded, and forces the partition between the cartridge and the chamber of the shell proper into the shell, and causes the gun-cotton or other powerfulv explosive to burst both shells simultaneously; but if the fuse should fail to operate I have provided for that emergency by using the hereinbefore-described cutter, vwhich is bound to bring forth the desired effeet for the reason that the shell. being heavien at its open end, will fall or strike thereon, and

the cutter will act as a percutient.

. Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a projectile, the combination of the outer and inner shells, the outer shell being provided at its open mouth with a curved annular ange, and theinner shellriitting within.v thefouter one and provided with a centralv elongated tube provided with an inward cir-` cular projection around its cylindrical interior near its end to act as a seat for the percussion-cart'ridge and time-fuse, as set forth.

2.' A projectile for mertars, composed of an outer and an inner shell, the inner shell being provided with an elastic tubular sabot at its base formed with a circular space in the center thereof to admit the inner shell to sit therein, a central elongated tube at its outer end having a circular strip upon its inward surface to act as aseat for the sealing device and the percussion-cartridge, an elastic washer interposed between the inn'er shell and the devicefor holding it within the outer one, as set forth.

3. A projectile for -mort ars, composed of an outer andV inner shell, the inner shell being provided with acentral elongated tube hav- .ing a' narrow strip or projection upon its inner circular surface to act as a seat for the 'percussion cartridge holding time-fuse, substantially as set forth. f

4. A projectile for mortars, composed of an outer and an inner shell, the inner shell being 'provided with an elongated central tube having a narrow strip or. projection upon its in'- ner circular surface to act as a seat for the percussion-cartridge, vand a spring and cutter for said cartridge arranged on said tube at or near the end thereof near the cross-plate which holds the inner and outer shells centrally together, said spring engaging a small pin upon the tube, and also serving to hold the cutter plate which carries the cutter proper, substantially as set forth.

5. yA projectile for mortars, composed of an outer and an inner shell, the inner shell being provided with an elongated tube, a pin or catch properly situated thereon near thev crossplate and upon its outward surface, anda spring carrying the cutter-plate and cutter engaging Said piu or .,catchand-,situated at or ,nearv the IIO inkl. mi; mw

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iLdHHHf guide-loop or holder for the time-fuse upon matic firing mechanism, substantially as set the surface of the said izmge, substantially as forth. l set forth. In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my v8. A projectile for mortars, composed of an own I affix my signature in presence of two 5 outer shell and the inner shell, having a. tubuwitnesses.

lar cushion interposed between their bases, i the inner shell having a neck provided with l a narrowvstrip or projection upon its inner Witnesses: 'circular surface-for the reception of the seal O. E. DUFFY, ro and cartridge and on its outer side the anto- F. R. HARDING.

JOSEPH GARRICK.