US3221534A - Apparatus for studying wear on materials in a hermetic enclosure - Google Patents

Apparatus for studying wear on materials in a hermetic enclosure Download PDF

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Publication number
US3221534A
US3221534A US201974A US20197462A US3221534A US 3221534 A US3221534 A US 3221534A US 201974 A US201974 A US 201974A US 20197462 A US20197462 A US 20197462A US 3221534 A US3221534 A US 3221534A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
enclosure
friction member
axis
friction
wear
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Expired - Lifetime
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US201974A
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English (en)
Inventor
Alfred Marc
Marcelin Andre
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
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Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to apparatus for studying wear on materials in a conditionedatmosphere.
  • the study of wear consists in causing two members to move-inrelation to one another, these being positioned so that they are in contact with one another, and in measuring the volume or weight of material detached from one of thesemembers under specified conditions'of friction, either over aninterval of time or having regard to the number of rotation or the length of path'travelled.
  • the running ;parts are generally selected from two different metals, the movable part, for example, being of a hard metal and the fixed partwhereon the measuring is effected; of a soft metal.
  • the present invention has for an object apparatus for studying the wear on two relatively moving members inside an enclosure under high pressure and temperature and it solves the particular problems raised by the hermetic sealing of the enclosure.
  • the apparatus comprises a first friction member having a cylindrical revolving surface, integral with the enclosure and rotated around its axis of revolution, and at least one other friction member, tangentially arranged with respect to the first friction member and integral with a movable device within the said enclosure, said device retaining a fixed position in space under the effect of the moment of forces of gravity acting on said device, about the said axis of revolution.
  • FIGURE 1 shows a plan view of a first embodiment of apparatus according to the invention
  • FIGURE 2 shows a side view of the apparatus of FIG- URE 1
  • FIGURE 3 shows a plan view of a second embodiment
  • FIGURE 4 shows a side view of the apparatus of FIG- URE 3
  • FIGURE 5 shows a plan View of a modification of the apparatus of FIGURES 3 and 4, and
  • FIGURE 6 shows a side view of the apparatus of FIG- URE 5.
  • the apparatus shown in FIG URES l and 2 comprises a cylindrically shaped enclosure 1 (shown in axial section in FIGURE 1) rotated about 3,221,534 Patented Dec. 7, 1965 its long axis by suitable drive means such as the motor 1' within which is axially secured a cylindrical member 2 driven with the enclosure and constituting the first friction member referred to above.
  • a fixed cover 3 enables the enclosure to be hermetically sealed by means of a hermetic joint 4 enclosure 1 rotating in contact therewith.
  • Apertures 5, 6 are provided in the cover for receiving.
  • nozzles not illustrated. These nozzles enable the atmosphere within the enclosure to be taken to a specified pressure before starting each experiment. Moreover, by arranging the enclosure 1 in a furnace 7, the atmosphere of the enclosure may besubjected to a specified temperature which in turn may be controlled by means of a suitable measuring device provided in a-central conduit 8 located on the cover 3.
  • a movable device comprising a mass 9 is located within the enclosure, by means of tie rods 10 and 11 on rollers 12 and 13 having enlarged ends.
  • the rollers move in a cylindrical slot in the inner surface of the enclosure.
  • Two tie rods 14 and 15 are fixedto the mass 9, to support a horizontal shaft acting as pivot for one or more disc bearers 17 by means of which it is possible, using a counterweight 18, to apply sample disc such as 19 to the cylindrical member 2 fixed to the base of the enclosure.
  • sample discs constitute the other friction member; it is onthese that the measuring will be effected, as will be seen hereinafter.
  • the movable device When the enclosure is set in movement, the movable device rotates within it and thus retains, by reason of the distance between its centre of gravity and the rotation axis of the enclosure, a fixed position in space.
  • the sample discs integral with this device consequently rub on the cylindrical member 2 rotated with the enclosure.
  • the study of wear consists, after a specified number of revolutions of the enclosure, in measuring the surface of the sample discs.
  • the sample disc is of a soft metal and that the cylindrical member of hard metal undergoes negligible wear
  • comparative studies of wear may be made with regard to the various perameters such as the nature of the atmosphere inside the enclosure, its temperature, its pressure, these parameters being given by way of example and being in no way limitative.
  • the enclosure 26 ⁇ may be of any given shape.
  • a cylindrical member 21 is fixed inside the enclosure, the axis of the cylindrical member coinciding with the axis of rotation of the enclosure and constituting one of the friction members.
  • a counterweight is suspended from the cylindrical member 21, and as result of the distance between its centre of gravity and the axis of this member, it retains a fixed position in space when the enclosure is in movement.
  • This counter-weight comprises a mass 22 integral with two flanges 23 and 24 acting, on the one hand, as supports for a roller having enlarged edges 25 and, on the other hand, for a disc-bearing device.
  • the latter comprises two tie-rods 26, 27 fixed between the two flanges 23 and 24; these tie-rods act to support a sliding member 28 whereon may be fixed a sample disc 29; two screws 30 and 31 enable the sliding member to be immobilised on the tie-rods.
  • the roller 25 co-operates with the sample disc 29 to support the counter-weight and ensure the movability of the latter in relation to the cylindrical member 21.
  • the movement of this counter-weight may be guided by providing the cylindrical member 21 with two annular stops between which the roller 25 moves.
  • FIGURES 5 and 6 show a modification of the second embodiment of FIGURES 3 and 4.
  • This modification consists in arranging the sample support system according to the axis of symmetry of the counter-weight, the guiding of the latter being effected by means of two rollers 32 and 33 located on either side of the said axis of symmetry.
  • This arrangement results in better balancing of the counter-weight and, in particular, eliminates oscillations of the latter which may occur during rotation of the enclosure.
  • the measuring principle is the same as for the first embodiment, consisting in deducting from the surface of the sample disc the weight or volume of material detached therefrom after a certain number of revolutions of the enclosure.
  • Apparatus for studying the wear on materials comprising a hermetic rotatable enclosure, a first friction memher having a cylindrical revolving surface axially secured to said enclosure and rotatable with said enclosure around the aXis of revolution of said first friction member, at least one second friction member comprising a sample friction disc having an axis parallel to the axis of said first friction member and tangentially arranged with respect to said first friction member in said enclosure, a supporting device for said second friction member movably mounted within said enclosure, means for guiding the movement of said supporting device in said enclosure relative to said first friction member and means for maintaining said supporting device in a fixed position in space under the effect due to the force of gravity acting on said device about the axis of revolution of said first friction member, said supporting device comprising a mass movable within said enclosure, means for supporting said mass on one side of said first friction member and for supporting said second friction member on the other side of said first friction member, said supporting means maintaining said second friction member against said first friction member.
  • Apparatus for studying the wear on materials comprising a hermetic rotatable enclosure, a first friction member having a cylindrical revolving surface axially secured to said enclosure and rotatable with said enclosure around the axis of revolution of said first friction member, at least one second friction member comprising a sample friction disc having an axis parallel to the axis of said first friction member and tangentially arranged with respect to said first friction member in said enclosure, a supporting device for said second friction member movably mounted Within said enclosure, means for guiding the movement of said supporting device in said enclosure relative to said first friction member and means for maintaining said supporting device in a fixed position in space under the effect of the force of gravity acting on said device about the axis of revolution of said first friction member, said supporting device comprising a mass suspended on said first friction member, spaced flanges secured to said mass, said first friction member being located between said flanges, said sample disc being mounted between said flanges and bearing on said first friction member and at least one guide roller mounted between said

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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
US201974A 1961-06-21 1962-06-12 Apparatus for studying wear on materials in a hermetic enclosure Expired - Lifetime US3221534A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR865560A FR1300268A (fr) 1961-06-21 1961-06-21 Dispositif pour l'étude de l'usure de matériaux

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3221534A true US3221534A (en) 1965-12-07

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US201974A Expired - Lifetime US3221534A (en) 1961-06-21 1962-06-12 Apparatus for studying wear on materials in a hermetic enclosure

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3221534A (fr)
BE (1) BE618880A (fr)
CH (1) CH392930A (fr)
DE (1) DE1193272B (fr)
FR (1) FR1300268A (fr)
GB (1) GB961629A (fr)
LU (1) LU41897A1 (fr)
NL (1) NL279915A (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3709026A (en) * 1968-11-12 1973-01-09 Kms Ind Inc Apparatus and method for simulating spacecraft erosion
US3945241A (en) * 1975-03-18 1976-03-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Fretting corrosion test fixture
US4561784A (en) * 1984-01-17 1985-12-31 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Device and method for frictionally testing materials for ignitability
US20040200262A1 (en) * 2003-04-08 2004-10-14 Lenz James R. Compact tribology tester
US20100192664A1 (en) * 2009-02-03 2010-08-05 Robert J. Jenkins & Company Test device for refractory material

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2162952B (en) * 1984-08-09 1988-12-21 Foster Wheeler Energy Corp Erosion test apparatus

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3026719A (en) * 1959-02-25 1962-03-27 John F Kopczynski Propulsion of bodies at high linear speeds
US3041867A (en) * 1958-11-28 1962-07-03 Gen Motors Corp Testing apparatus for bearings

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE497521C (de) * 1928-07-18 1930-05-12 Max Fink Dipl Ing Verfahren zur Vornahme von Verschleiss- oder Abnutzungsversuchen aufeinander reibender Werkstoffe

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3041867A (en) * 1958-11-28 1962-07-03 Gen Motors Corp Testing apparatus for bearings
US3026719A (en) * 1959-02-25 1962-03-27 John F Kopczynski Propulsion of bodies at high linear speeds

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3709026A (en) * 1968-11-12 1973-01-09 Kms Ind Inc Apparatus and method for simulating spacecraft erosion
US3945241A (en) * 1975-03-18 1976-03-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Fretting corrosion test fixture
US4561784A (en) * 1984-01-17 1985-12-31 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Device and method for frictionally testing materials for ignitability
US20040200262A1 (en) * 2003-04-08 2004-10-14 Lenz James R. Compact tribology tester
US6817223B2 (en) * 2003-04-08 2004-11-16 Tecumseh Products Company Compact tribology tester
US20100192664A1 (en) * 2009-02-03 2010-08-05 Robert J. Jenkins & Company Test device for refractory material
US8047048B2 (en) * 2009-02-03 2011-11-01 Robert J. Jenkins & Company Test device for refractory material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
LU41897A1 (fr) 1962-08-16
CH392930A (fr) 1965-05-31
DE1193272B (de) 1965-05-20
BE618880A (fr) 1962-10-01
NL279915A (fr)
GB961629A (en) 1964-06-24
FR1300268A (fr) 1962-08-03

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