US3218496A - Storage tube and target element therefor having an irregular surface - Google Patents

Storage tube and target element therefor having an irregular surface Download PDF

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Publication number
US3218496A
US3218496A US136330A US13633061A US3218496A US 3218496 A US3218496 A US 3218496A US 136330 A US136330 A US 136330A US 13633061 A US13633061 A US 13633061A US 3218496 A US3218496 A US 3218496A
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United States
Prior art keywords
storage
tape
dielectric
target
contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US136330A
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English (en)
Inventor
Arthur S Jensen
Walter G Reininger
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CBS Corp
Original Assignee
Westinghouse Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL282811D priority Critical patent/NL282811A/xx
Application filed by Westinghouse Electric Corp filed Critical Westinghouse Electric Corp
Priority to US136330A priority patent/US3218496A/en
Priority to GB32846/62A priority patent/GB999640A/en
Priority to DE19621439933 priority patent/DE1439933A1/de
Priority to FR908547A priority patent/FR1334060A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3218496A publication Critical patent/US3218496A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/02—Electrodes; Screens; Mounting, supporting, spacing or insulating thereof
    • H01J29/10—Screens on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted or stored
    • H01J29/36—Photoelectric screens; Charge-storage screens
    • H01J29/39—Charge-storage screens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
    • H01J31/08—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
    • H01J31/58—Tubes for storage of image or information pattern or for conversion of definition of television or like images, i.e. having electrical input and electrical output
    • H01J31/60—Tubes for storage of image or information pattern or for conversion of definition of television or like images, i.e. having electrical input and electrical output having means for deflecting, either selectively or sequentially, an electron ray on to separate surface elements of the screen

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to electron discharge devices and more particularly to improved storage targets for use in cathode ray type memory tubes.
  • a reading beam is then utilized to scan the target and derive an output in accordance with the charge information.
  • the entire surface of the storage target upon which the reading beam is incident is a dielectric.
  • the reading beam removes the stored charge, returning the surface close to a common reference potential, as in a vidicon the differential charge removed is coupled capacitively to an output signal amplifier, or as in an image orthicon the return beam, deficient by the differential charge deposited, is collected and amplified.
  • the preferred method of reading utilizes a storage target surface which is approximately 50% dielectric and 50% interconnected conductor. The reading beam electrons approach the storage target slowly, having only about one or two electron-volts energy when they impinge upon the conductor areas.
  • the dielectric areas are just sufficiently negative that the reading beam electrons cannot land on them.
  • the stored signal charges are such that they make the areas where they are located still more negative.
  • These negative areas act as a coplanar grid to modulate the amount of the reading beam which impinges upon the conductor areas. Either this differential current which impinges upon the conductor areas can be amplified or the reflected return beam deficient by this differential current can be collected and amplified.
  • This preferred reading operation is that utilized by Louis Pensak in US. Patent 2,728,020 and The Metrechon-A Halftone-Picture Storage Tube, RCA Review, vol. XV, No.2, pp. 145-162, June 1954.
  • this contact permits the discharging of the stored information from the dielectric surface to the conducting layer of the subsequent layer of tape. Secondly, this contact may produce frictional or triboelectric charges during the reeling and unreeling of the tape. The accumulative effect of the discharging to the metallic layer and that of the triboelectric charges may be sufficient to destroy the resolution of the information stored upon the dielectric target surface.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide an improved tape type storage target adapted to be wound upon itself.
  • a still further object of this invention is to provide a tape storage target in which the contact of the storage surface with subsequent layers of storage tape is reduced to a minimum.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide an improved storage surface for a dielectric target.
  • Still another object of this invention is to provide an improved electrostatic storage target which is easy and economicai to manufacture and which possesses a high degree of resolution.
  • the tape storage target in accordance with the present invention comprises a supporting structure having a roughened surface with a dielectric storage material disposed upon a portion of the roughened surface.
  • the dielectric material is positioned so that it lies in planes or on surfaces which are transverse to the plane of the tape. This positioning of the dielectric material reduces the possible area of contact with subsequent layers of tape and serves to prevent spurious charging and discharging of the storage elements.
  • FIGURE 1 is a schematic view of a cathode ray tube utilizing the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a side elevational view, in section, showing an enlarged portion of the storage target embodied in FIG' 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a top plan view of a target shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a top plan view showing a first embodiment of the storage target embodied in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view of an embodiment of FIG. 4 taken along the line VV of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a side elevational view, in section, showing another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is an end view, in section showing a further modification of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a side elevational view, in section, of a further embodiment of the present invention, in which the dielectric storage elements are randomly spaced.
  • the memory tube comprises an envelope 11 of glass or other suitable material within which is positioned an electron gun, indicated generally at 2, for forming and focusing an electron beam upon a storage target 31.
  • the beam electrons are produced by a thermionic cathode 13 and are controlled by an apertured control grid 15.
  • An accelerating electrode 17 is positioned in alignment with the beam and accelerates the electrons emitted from the cathode 13.
  • Elements 19, 21 and 23 are electrodes which serve to focus the accelerated electrons into a defined beam. Pairs of vertical and horizontal deflection plates, 25 and 27 respectively, direct the beam to particular elemental regions on the surface of the target 31.
  • Cylindrical electrodes 55, 57 and 59 form a collimating lens which insures that the electron beam impinges perpendicularly upon a decelerator grid 29 and the storage target 31.
  • the decelerator grid 29, located in close proximity to the target, is biased several volts positive with respect to the potential of the target 31 and serves to collect secondarily emitted electrons during the erasing, priming and writing operations.
  • the decelerator grid 29 also serves in the establishment of a uniform electric field in the target area which decelerates the incident reading beam electrons from a high energy level at the grid 29 to a lower level of from zero to approximately two volts in close proximity to the storage target 31.
  • the above elements are supported within the tube and are connected to suitable sources of voltage, which have not been shown, by suitable leads (also not shown) extending and sealed through the envelope 11.
  • FIG. 1 shows the target 31 to be of the flexible tape variety which is disposed within the envelope 11 at the opposite end from the electron gun assembly 2 and positioned so as to be acted upon by the electron beam.
  • the tape 31 is preferably wound upon reels which are driven by means, which have not been shown, external to the envelope.
  • a storage target 31 which may be of the tape variety, such as is utilized in the structure of FIG. 1 and which embodies the present invention.
  • a base layer 33 which may be a polyester resin such as that sold by E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company under the trade name Mylar, is debossed on one surface. This debossing may be achieved by bringing the base 33 into pressure contact with a steel roller having a series of grooves or lenticulations in the form of substantially straight line debossments formed into its surface parallel to its axis.
  • the base 33 then receives uniformly thick conducting coatings 35 and 37. on both sides, which may be metal which has been deposited by vacuum evaporation.
  • the debossed side is then uniformly coated with a dielectric material such as magnesium fluoride to form another layer 39 which is approximately one micron thick and lies in planes which are transverse to the plane of the tape.
  • a dielectric material such as magnesium fluoride
  • the debossed grooves of the base 33 are carried through to the surface of the dielectric layer 39.
  • suitable means such as shadow evaporation, one side of the grooves in the layer 39 receives a coating 41 of conductive material to form bars which are a part of a grid network as is shown in FIG. 3.
  • a further evaporation deposits two Conducting strips 43 lengthwise near the edges of the tape which serve to connect electrically the grid bars 41.
  • the tape as is shown in FIG. 2 may be utilized for electron bombardment induced conductivity (EBIC) writing.
  • the conducting layer 37 serves to take up the electrons of the primary beam and the electrons from the discharge of the dielectric surface during writing as well as providing for biasing during the priming period of the target.
  • the grid assembly comprising the conducting bars 41 and strips 43 prevents redistribution of charges by secondary emission effect during the writing period. Information is stored on surface elements 47 of the dielectric material 39.
  • the conducting layer 35 contacts only the grid structure 41, 43. Any triboelectric charges generated during the reeling or unreeling, or by movement of the tape over pulleys, etc.
  • the tape 31 of this embodiment comprises a conducting strip 49, such as stainless steel or copper, which is debossed by a series of grooves parallel to the length of the tape.
  • the debossing may be accomplished either by pressure contact or electro-forming with a roller having grooves formed circumferentially in its surface.
  • a suitable dielectric storage material 51 such as manganese fluoride, is shadow evaporated onto one face of the groove so that, as previously stated, the dielectric lies in planes or on surfaces which are transverse to that of the tape.
  • This dielectric material forms elemental areas for the storage of information either by EBIC or secondary emission writing.
  • the dielectric material will come into contact with the bottom of subsequent layers of the stainless steel or copper tape when the tape is wound upon itself, it is not that the area of contact is very small. Because of this small contact area, the amount of information discharged from the storage areas 51 to the subsequent base layer 49 is insignificant. Also, because of the small area of contact, no significant triboelectric effects will be generated.
  • FIG. 6 differs only from that of FIGS. 4 and 5 insofar as the grooves are formed perpendicular to the length of the tape. From this, it is evident that the direction of the grooves is unimportant and that they may be formed at any angle to the length of the tape.
  • FIG. 7 A further modification of the present invention which incorporates features of the preceding embodiments is illustrated in FIG. 7.
  • the grooved base layer 33 is again made of a plastic such as Mylar, and, as has been previously stated, the grooves may be positioned at any angle with respect to the length of the tape.
  • a uniformly thick conducting layer 35 is then applied to the underneath side of the layer 33 and incremental storage element 51 of dielectric storage material are deposited, preferably by means of shadow evaporation to a portion of the groove faces.
  • the operation of the target of this modification is the same as that described with respect to the previous embodiments.
  • FIG. 8 differs from that shown in FIGS. 4 through 6, in that, the regular groove structure of the earlier figures is replaced by randomly spaced depressions 53, of irregular size, within the surface of the steel tape 49. These randomly spaced depressions may be formed by sandblasting, abrading or by any other suitable method.
  • the dielectric material 51 is again shadow evaporated onto only a portion of the exposed roughened surface which is transverse to the plane of the tape. While the structure of this embodiment possesses a lower resolution than those of the preceding embodiments, in which the storage elements were disposed in the regular pattern, the structure is more economical to manufacture and has a resolution which is sufiicient for many applications.
  • a storage target comprising a base member having a roughened surface and a coating of dielectric storage material in contact with said roughened surface, said dielectric material being disposed in portions of the roughened surface which are transverse to the plane of said base member and so that the exposed surface of said dielectric material substantially follows the contour of said roughened surface.
  • a storage target comprising a base member having a plurality of irregularities disposed within one face of said base member, a coating of dielectric storage material disposed upon portions of said irregularities, a substantial portion of the exposed surface of said dielectric storage material being disposed beneath a plane defined by the points of maximum height of said irregularities.
  • a storage tape comprising a base member having a surface with a plurality of depressions therein, and a discontinuous coating of dielectric storage material disposed upon portions of said irregularities, the exposed surface of said dielectric material being disposed in planes transverse to the plane of said base member.
  • An elongated, flexible storage tape comprising a base member, a series of parallel grooves disposed within one surface of said base member, said grooves extending substantially parallel to the length of said tape, and a coating of dielectric storage material in contact with a portion of the faces of said grooves, said dielectric material being disposed on said portions which are transverse to the plane of said base member and so that the surface of said dielectric storage material substantially follows the surface of said faces of said grooves.
  • An electrostatic storage target comprising a base member having one surface thereof roughened, said roughened surface comprising a plurality of depressions, said depressions having points of maximum height which define a plane, and dielectric storage material disposed upon portions of said roughened surface, said dielectric material being disposed on portions of the roughened surface which are transverse to said plane and so that a major portion of the exposed surface of said dielectric material lies beneath said plane.
  • a method of constructing a storage target comprising the steps of providing a base member having one side thereof roughened and shadow evaporating a discontinuous coating of dielectric storage material onto said roughened surface, said evaporation being performed from an angle acute to the surface of said base member to provide that only those portions of the roughened surface disposed in planes opposed to the direction of incident vapor are coated, the remaining surfaces remaining exposed.
  • a method of constructing an electrostatic storage target comprising the steps of providing a base member having a plurality of grooves formed in one surface thereof and disposing by shadow evaporation a coating of dielectric storage material on a portion of the surface of said grooves, said shadow evaporation performed from an angle acute to the surface of said base member to provide dielectric material only on those surfaces which lie in a plane opposed to the direction of incident vapor, theremaining surfaces remaining exposed.
  • a cathode ray storage tube comprising an envelope, means within said envelope for forming an electron beam along a path, a storage target within said envelope positioned transverse to said beam, said target comprising a base member having one surface with a plurality of depressions therein, said depressions having points of maximum height which define a plane, and a discontinuous coating of dielectric storage material affixed to said roughened surface so that a major portion of the exposed surface of said dielectric material lies beneath said plane.
  • a cathode ray storage tube comprising an envelope, means within said envelope for forming a beam along a path, a storage target within said envelope positioned transverse to said beam, said storage target comprising an elongated, flexible tape positioned about a dispensing means, said tape having a plurality of depressions, and a layer of dielectric storage material disposed in contact with a portion of the faces of said grooves which lie in a plane transverse to the plane of said base member.
  • An elongated storage tape comprising an electrical- 1y non-conductive strip having first and second major surfaces, a first electrical conductive layer in contact with the first of said major surfaces, at second electrical conductive layer of even thickness in contact with the second of said major surfaces and a layer of dielectric material of even thickness for the storage of electrostatic charges in contact with said second conductive layer, a series of substantially parallel grooves formed in the exposed face of said dielectric material, a series of electrical conductive bars in contact with one corresponding face of each of said grooves and means for electrically connecting said bars.
  • An elongated tape for the storage of electrostatic charges comprising a first non-conductive strip having first and second major surfaces, a first layer of conductive material in contact with the first of said major surfaces, a plurality of substantially parallel grooves formed in said second major surface, a second conductive layer of substantially constant thickness in contact with said second major surface and a layer of dielectric storage material of substantially constant thickness in contact with said second conductive layer to provide a grooved surface in said dielectric layer, a series of conductive strips in contact with a portion of the groove walls and extending upwardly beyond said dielectric and at least one conductive strip extending substantially perpendicular to said series of conducting strips to electrically connect said series of conductive strips.
  • a storage target comprising an electrically nonconductive base, a plurality of grooves formed within one side of said base member, the peaks of said grooves defining a plane, a uniformly thick electrical conductive layer in contact with the opposed side of said base layer, and a discontinuous coating of dielectric storage material disposed upon a portion of the faces of said grooves so that the major portion of the exposed surface of said dielectric storage material lies below said plane.

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  • Image-Pickup Tubes, Image-Amplification Tubes, And Storage Tubes (AREA)
US136330A 1961-09-06 1961-09-06 Storage tube and target element therefor having an irregular surface Expired - Lifetime US3218496A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL282811D NL282811A (de) 1961-09-06
US136330A US3218496A (en) 1961-09-06 1961-09-06 Storage tube and target element therefor having an irregular surface
GB32846/62A GB999640A (en) 1961-09-06 1962-08-27 Storage tube
DE19621439933 DE1439933A1 (de) 1961-09-06 1962-09-04 Speichertarget fuer eine Kathodenstrahl-Speicherroehre
FR908547A FR1334060A (fr) 1961-09-06 1962-09-04 Tube mémoire

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US136330A US3218496A (en) 1961-09-06 1961-09-06 Storage tube and target element therefor having an irregular surface

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US3218496A true US3218496A (en) 1965-11-16

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US (1) US3218496A (de)
DE (1) DE1439933A1 (de)
GB (1) GB999640A (de)
NL (1) NL282811A (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3617336A (en) * 1967-06-28 1971-11-02 Inst Nat Du Verre Decorative surface relief pattern
US3626388A (en) * 1968-04-24 1971-12-07 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Storage device having an alkali-halide storage surface
US3676732A (en) * 1969-09-08 1972-07-11 Columbia Broadcasting Syst Inc Photo-electronic imaging apparatus
US3908263A (en) * 1974-11-14 1975-09-30 Rca Corp Separate interdigital electrodes without using any special photolithographic techniques
US3947852A (en) * 1974-07-25 1976-03-30 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Electron image recorder with semiconductive image intensifier
US3964158A (en) * 1973-08-07 1976-06-22 Janning John L Method of making a liquid crystal display cell
US4165923A (en) * 1972-04-10 1979-08-28 Ncr Corporation Liquid crystal alignment structure

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2538836A (en) * 1948-10-15 1951-01-23 Rca Corp Barrier grid storage tube
US2734145A (en) * 1949-10-27 1956-02-07 William
US2790228A (en) * 1955-07-07 1957-04-30 Hughes Aircraft Co Process for producing a storage grid assembly
US2859376A (en) * 1955-05-19 1958-11-04 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge storage device
US2926419A (en) * 1957-05-01 1960-03-01 Franklin H Harris Method of forming a storage electrode
US2979633A (en) * 1958-05-26 1961-04-11 Franklin H Harris Storage electrode

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2538836A (en) * 1948-10-15 1951-01-23 Rca Corp Barrier grid storage tube
US2734145A (en) * 1949-10-27 1956-02-07 William
US2859376A (en) * 1955-05-19 1958-11-04 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge storage device
US2790228A (en) * 1955-07-07 1957-04-30 Hughes Aircraft Co Process for producing a storage grid assembly
US2926419A (en) * 1957-05-01 1960-03-01 Franklin H Harris Method of forming a storage electrode
US2979633A (en) * 1958-05-26 1961-04-11 Franklin H Harris Storage electrode

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3617336A (en) * 1967-06-28 1971-11-02 Inst Nat Du Verre Decorative surface relief pattern
US3626388A (en) * 1968-04-24 1971-12-07 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Storage device having an alkali-halide storage surface
US3676732A (en) * 1969-09-08 1972-07-11 Columbia Broadcasting Syst Inc Photo-electronic imaging apparatus
US4165923A (en) * 1972-04-10 1979-08-28 Ncr Corporation Liquid crystal alignment structure
US3964158A (en) * 1973-08-07 1976-06-22 Janning John L Method of making a liquid crystal display cell
US3947852A (en) * 1974-07-25 1976-03-30 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Electron image recorder with semiconductive image intensifier
US3908263A (en) * 1974-11-14 1975-09-30 Rca Corp Separate interdigital electrodes without using any special photolithographic techniques

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Publication number Publication date
GB999640A (en) 1965-07-28
NL282811A (de)
DE1439933A1 (de) 1969-03-20

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