US3216912A - Method of treating matte tin plate to prevent darkening - Google Patents

Method of treating matte tin plate to prevent darkening Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3216912A
US3216912A US135787A US13578761A US3216912A US 3216912 A US3216912 A US 3216912A US 135787 A US135787 A US 135787A US 13578761 A US13578761 A US 13578761A US 3216912 A US3216912 A US 3216912A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
tin plate
strip
tin
darkening
matte tin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US135787A
Inventor
Tom L Shoemaker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
United States Steel Corp
Original Assignee
United States Steel Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE621885D priority Critical patent/BE621885A/xx
Priority to NL282901D priority patent/NL282901A/xx
Application filed by United States Steel Corp filed Critical United States Steel Corp
Priority to US135787A priority patent/US3216912A/en
Priority to DEP1271A priority patent/DE1271492B/en
Priority to GB31709/62A priority patent/GB957649A/en
Priority to FR908313A priority patent/FR1332954A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3216912A publication Critical patent/US3216912A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
    • C25D11/02—Anodisation
    • C25D11/28—Anodisation of actinides or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
    • C23C2/08—Tin or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
    • C25D11/38—Chromatising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
    • C25D5/50—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces by heat-treatment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S205/00—Electrolysis: processes, compositions used therein, and methods of preparing the compositions
    • Y10S205/917—Treatment of workpiece between coating steps

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the manufacture of tin plate and, in particular, to a method of making matte tin plate, i.e., tin plate coated by the electrolytic process, which is not heated to a temperature above the melting point of tin after coating to effect melting or brightening of the surface.
  • Matte tin plate is used extensively and, like the surface brightened product, is subject to discoloration on storage evidenced by the formation of yellow stain. This tendency can be cured by chemical treatment but, in the case of matte tin plate, the treatment which is most effective gives rise to another undesirable effect, i.e., darkening during the baking incident to lacquering and lithographing. Such darkening is particularly objectionable in cases where portions of the tin surface are left un-inked to provide a light background for lithographed design.
  • mattee tin plate if heated briefly to a temperature approaching but below the melting point of tin, may then be given the usual chemical treatment to resist yellow staining without developing the tendency to brake darkening which has heretofore been the result of such treatment. More particularly, after plating with tin, I heat the matte tin plate to a temperature between 420 and 445 F., for a few seconds then quench it in water and subject it to cathodic electrolysis in a sodium-dichromate solution. The dichromate treatment provides the desired yellowstain resistance and my pre-heating keeps the product free from darkening during subsequent baking incident to lacquer coating or lithographing.
  • a continuous strip of tin plate was produced in the conventional manner by electroplating tin on a base of low-carbon steel. After being electroplate, the strip was dried and then heated to a temperature of 430 F. by passing it through an induction-heating coil (10,000 cycles per second). The moving strip was held in this temperature for approximately three seconds by supplemental resistance heating. For this purpose sixty-cycle alternating current was supplied to the strip by two conductor rolls spaced 34 feet apart. The temperature of the strip was then lowered abruptly by passing it through a water-quenching tank. The strip was next passed between anodes immerse din an aqueous solution containing 24 grams of sodium dichromate per liter, adjusted to a pH of 4.7, at a temperature of 125 F.
  • the strip was made cathode in the solution and an electric current of 52 coulombs per square foot of strip was passed between the strip and the anodes. After emerging from the treating solution, the strip was rinsed with cold water, dried with steam, and electrostatically oiled.
  • the duration of the heating step prior to electrochemical treatment may be varied from 0.1 to 10 seconds at the maximum temperature, depending on the rate of heating and and the maximum temperature attained.
  • the heat may be applied by any convenient method consistent with the speed of the strip through the plating line.
  • All electrolytic tin-plating lines include a melter for flow-brightening the tin surface when a bright product is desired. In present practice, the melter is not used during the production of matte tin plate. The method of my invention may therefore be practiced commercially by merely operating the melter, utilizing either resistance or induction heating or both, with a reduced electric current to heat the strip to a temperature approaching but below the melting point of tin.
  • a method of making matte tin plate comprising electroplating a tin coating onto a sheet-steel base giving it a matte apearance, then, while maintaining the temperature of said base continuously below the melting point of tin, heating the tin plate to a temperature of from 420 to 445 F. for from 0.1 to 10 seconds, then imrmediately quenching the tin plate and subjecting it to electrolysis as cathode in an aqueous solution of an alkali-metal dichromate containing about 24 grams of said dichromate per liter, thereby leaving the tin plate with its initial matte appearance and reducing its normal tendency to darken on subsequent baking.

Description

United States Patent 3,216,912 METHOD OF TREATING MATTE TIN PLATE TO PREVENT DARKENING Tom L. Shoemaker, Edgewood, Pa., assignor to United States Steel Corporation, a corporation of New Jersey No Drawing. Filed Sept. 5, 1961, Ser. No. 135,787 1 Claim. (Cl. 204-37) This invention relates to the manufacture of tin plate and, in particular, to a method of making matte tin plate, i.e., tin plate coated by the electrolytic process, which is not heated to a temperature above the melting point of tin after coating to effect melting or brightening of the surface.
Matte tin plate is used extensively and, like the surface brightened product, is subject to discoloration on storage evidenced by the formation of yellow stain. This tendency can be cured by chemical treatment but, in the case of matte tin plate, the treatment which is most effective gives rise to another undesirable effect, i.e., darkening during the baking incident to lacquering and lithographing. Such darkening is particularly objectionable in cases where portions of the tin surface are left un-inked to provide a light background for lithographed design.
I have invented a novel method for making matte tin plate which effectively eliminates the bake-darkening tendency of plate which has been treated in the conventional manner to inhibit yellow stain. I have found that mattee tin plate, if heated briefly to a temperature approaching but below the melting point of tin, may then be given the usual chemical treatment to resist yellow staining without developing the tendency to brake darkening which has heretofore been the result of such treatment. More particularly, after plating with tin, I heat the matte tin plate to a temperature between 420 and 445 F., for a few seconds then quench it in water and subject it to cathodic electrolysis in a sodium-dichromate solution. The dichromate treatment provides the desired yellowstain resistance and my pre-heating keeps the product free from darkening during subsequent baking incident to lacquer coating or lithographing.
A complete understanding of the invention may be obtained from the following detailed description of a typical example thereof.
A continuous strip of tin plate was produced in the conventional manner by electroplating tin on a base of low-carbon steel. After being electroplate, the strip was dried and then heated to a temperature of 430 F. by passing it through an induction-heating coil (10,000 cycles per second). The moving strip was held in this temperature for approximately three seconds by supplemental resistance heating. For this purpose sixty-cycle alternating current was supplied to the strip by two conductor rolls spaced 34 feet apart. The temperature of the strip was then lowered abruptly by passing it through a water-quenching tank. The strip was next passed between anodes immerse din an aqueous solution containing 24 grams of sodium dichromate per liter, adjusted to a pH of 4.7, at a temperature of 125 F. The strip was made cathode in the solution and an electric current of 52 coulombs per square foot of strip was passed between the strip and the anodes. After emerging from the treating solution, the strip was rinsed with cold water, dried with steam, and electrostatically oiled.
Subsequent analysis of the treated strip indicated presence of 0.65 milligram of chromium (calculated as metallie chromium) per square foot of strip surface. Despite the presence of chromium in this quantity, however, the surface of the strip did not darken when baked at lacquercuring temperature (375 F.) for thirteen minutes; in fact, the surface brightened slightly.
Another section of the same strip was treated in the same manner as described above, except that the heating step was not included. After the strip was baked, the total reflectance from its surface was 10% less than that from the surface of the strip processed by the method of my invention.
The duration of the heating step prior to electrochemical treatment may be varied from 0.1 to 10 seconds at the maximum temperature, depending on the rate of heating and and the maximum temperature attained. The heat may be applied by any convenient method consistent with the speed of the strip through the plating line. All electrolytic tin-plating lines include a melter for flow-brightening the tin surface when a bright product is desired. In present practice, the melter is not used during the production of matte tin plate. The method of my invention may therefore be practiced commercially by merely operating the melter, utilizing either resistance or induction heating or both, with a reduced electric current to heat the strip to a temperature approaching but below the melting point of tin.
It will be evident from the foregoing that my invention makes possible the production of matte tin plate which is protected against yellow staining but is not subject to darkening when subsequently baked.
Although I have disclosed herein the preferred embodiment of my invention, I intended to cover as well any change or modification therein which may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
I claim:
In a method of making matte tin plate, the steps comprising electroplating a tin coating onto a sheet-steel base giving it a matte apearance, then, while maintaining the temperature of said base continuously below the melting point of tin, heating the tin plate to a temperature of from 420 to 445 F. for from 0.1 to 10 seconds, then imrmediately quenching the tin plate and subjecting it to electrolysis as cathode in an aqueous solution of an alkali-metal dichromate containing about 24 grams of said dichromate per liter, thereby leaving the tin plate with its initial matte appearance and reducing its normal tendency to darken on subsequent baking.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,435,260 11/22 Russ. 2,357,126 8/44 GlOck 204-37 2,381,778 8/45 Schoolnmaker. 2,450,509 10/48 Glock 20436 2,503,217 4/50 Prust 20414l 2,606,866 8/52 Neish 204-29 2,974,091 3/61 Neish 204-35 3,062,725 1 1/ 62 Frankenthal. 3,087,871 4/63- Kamrn.
FOREIGN PATENTS 729,914 5/55 Great Britain.
0 JOHN H. MACK, Primary Examiner.
JOHN R. SPECK, MURRAY TILLMAN, WINSTON A. DOUGLAS, Examiners.
US135787A 1961-09-05 1961-09-05 Method of treating matte tin plate to prevent darkening Expired - Lifetime US3216912A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE621885D BE621885A (en) 1961-09-05
NL282901D NL282901A (en) 1961-09-05
US135787A US3216912A (en) 1961-09-05 1961-09-05 Method of treating matte tin plate to prevent darkening
DEP1271A DE1271492B (en) 1961-09-05 1962-08-16 Process for the production of matt tinplate by electroplating
GB31709/62A GB957649A (en) 1961-09-05 1962-08-17 Method of treating matte tin plate to prevent darkening
FR908313A FR1332954A (en) 1961-09-05 1962-08-31 Matt tinplate treatment process to prevent blackening

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US135787A US3216912A (en) 1961-09-05 1961-09-05 Method of treating matte tin plate to prevent darkening

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3216912A true US3216912A (en) 1965-11-09

Family

ID=22469663

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US135787A Expired - Lifetime US3216912A (en) 1961-09-05 1961-09-05 Method of treating matte tin plate to prevent darkening

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3216912A (en)
BE (1) BE621885A (en)
DE (1) DE1271492B (en)
GB (1) GB957649A (en)
NL (1) NL282901A (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3755091A (en) * 1969-06-19 1973-08-28 Nat Steel Corp Process for reducing discoloration of electrochemically treated chromium plated ferrous metal strip
FR2385818A1 (en) * 1977-04-01 1978-10-27 Cockerill Steel sheet with very thin protective tin coating - obtd. by electroplating; and then heating to form a tin-iron alloy
US4145263A (en) * 1976-08-25 1979-03-20 Toyo Kohan Co., Ltd. Steel sheet useful in forming foodstuff and beverage cans
US4196062A (en) * 1978-04-06 1980-04-01 International Business Machines Corporation Method of brightening electrodeposited chromium

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE627962A (en) * 1962-02-05

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1435260A (en) * 1922-06-29 1922-11-14 John B Russ Method of producing tin-coated sheets
US2357126A (en) * 1938-05-05 1944-08-29 John S Nachtman Alloying and fusing process
US2381778A (en) * 1940-12-13 1945-08-07 Standard Steel Spring Co. Process of producing protected metal articles
US2450509A (en) * 1945-09-12 1948-10-05 Crown Cork & Seal Co Tin plate treatment
US2503217A (en) * 1944-12-15 1950-04-04 Republic Steel Corp Process for treating brightened electrotinplate
US2606866A (en) * 1948-10-27 1952-08-12 United States Steel Corp Method of treating tin plate
GB729914A (en) * 1951-06-04 1955-05-11 Eisen Und Huettenwerke Ag A process for melting-on the tin layer of electrolytically tinned iron bands or sheets
US2974091A (en) * 1958-12-11 1961-03-07 United States Steel Corp Method of reducing eye holing in lacquered tin-plate
US3062725A (en) * 1960-08-05 1962-11-06 United States Steel Corp Method of making tin plate
US3087871A (en) * 1960-09-14 1963-04-30 American Can Co Method for improving acid tin plate quality

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1435260A (en) * 1922-06-29 1922-11-14 John B Russ Method of producing tin-coated sheets
US2357126A (en) * 1938-05-05 1944-08-29 John S Nachtman Alloying and fusing process
US2381778A (en) * 1940-12-13 1945-08-07 Standard Steel Spring Co. Process of producing protected metal articles
US2503217A (en) * 1944-12-15 1950-04-04 Republic Steel Corp Process for treating brightened electrotinplate
US2450509A (en) * 1945-09-12 1948-10-05 Crown Cork & Seal Co Tin plate treatment
US2606866A (en) * 1948-10-27 1952-08-12 United States Steel Corp Method of treating tin plate
GB729914A (en) * 1951-06-04 1955-05-11 Eisen Und Huettenwerke Ag A process for melting-on the tin layer of electrolytically tinned iron bands or sheets
US2974091A (en) * 1958-12-11 1961-03-07 United States Steel Corp Method of reducing eye holing in lacquered tin-plate
US3062725A (en) * 1960-08-05 1962-11-06 United States Steel Corp Method of making tin plate
US3087871A (en) * 1960-09-14 1963-04-30 American Can Co Method for improving acid tin plate quality

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3755091A (en) * 1969-06-19 1973-08-28 Nat Steel Corp Process for reducing discoloration of electrochemically treated chromium plated ferrous metal strip
US4145263A (en) * 1976-08-25 1979-03-20 Toyo Kohan Co., Ltd. Steel sheet useful in forming foodstuff and beverage cans
FR2385818A1 (en) * 1977-04-01 1978-10-27 Cockerill Steel sheet with very thin protective tin coating - obtd. by electroplating; and then heating to form a tin-iron alloy
US4196062A (en) * 1978-04-06 1980-04-01 International Business Machines Corporation Method of brightening electrodeposited chromium

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE621885A (en)
NL282901A (en)
GB957649A (en) 1964-05-06
DE1271492B (en) 1968-06-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2746915A (en) Electrolytic metal treatment and article
US3216912A (en) Method of treating matte tin plate to prevent darkening
US2974091A (en) Method of reducing eye holing in lacquered tin-plate
US3479260A (en) Treatment for ferrous surfaces
US3989605A (en) Method for continuous electrolytic coloring of aluminum articles
US3616308A (en) Method of producing colored coatings on aluminum
US3959099A (en) Electrolytic method of producing one-side-only coated steel
US2450509A (en) Tin plate treatment
US3160481A (en) Mate tin plate
JPS6141990B2 (en)
US2450508A (en) Tin plate treatment
US2769774A (en) Electrodeposition method
JPS60190588A (en) Method for blackening zinc or zinc alloy plated steel sheet
US3647650A (en) Method of treating tin plate or galvanized sheet
US3616303A (en) Electrolytic treatment of nonferrous metals
US2092130A (en) Anodic cleaning process
JP2664991B2 (en) Bronze electroplated bead wire and method of manufacturing the same
US3567599A (en) Electrochemical treatment of ferrous metal
JPS58120785A (en) Colored chromate treatment for zinc-nickel alloy plated products
US3075897A (en) Method of making tin plate
US3054737A (en) Process and bath for electrosmoothing ferrous metals
US3063918A (en) Method of making electric conduit with alloyed coating
US2449495A (en) Application of phosphate protective coatings to nonferrous metals
JPS6167793A (en) Manufacture of lead-tin group plating steel plate
US3616299A (en) Process for producing steel products having a hydrated chromium oxide film excellent in the surface appearance