Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
  • A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/53—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with three nitrogens as the only ring hetero atoms, e.g. chlorazanil, melamine
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/63—Compounds containing para-N-benzenesulfonyl-N-groups, e.g. sulfanilamide, p-nitrobenzenesulfonyl hydrazide
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
  • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Definitions

• the present invention relates to repository antimalarial compositions comprising a sulfonylaniline compound in combination with one or more triazine salts or pyrimidine salts as set forth in greater detail below, and to methods for the preparation and use of such antimalarial compositions.
• One of the objects of the present invention is to provide compositions for the treatment of malaria that are effective against both normal strains of malarial parasites and malarial parasites that have developed a resistance to or lessened sensitivity to drugs in clinical use such as chlorguanide, chlorproguanil, pyrimethamine, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, amodiaquine and p,p-sulfonyldianiline.
• Another object of this invention is to provide compositions for the treatment of malaria wherein the compositions afford moieties that act synergistically over a Wide range of doses and in a wide range of combinations.
• a further object of this invention is to provide compositions for the treatment of malaria which afford moieties that greatly decrease the rate of emergence of resistance of malarial parasites to drugs.
• Still another object of this invention is to provide compositions for the treatment of malaria which exhibit especially long duration of action, are non-irritating upon injection and are relatively non-toxic.
• An additional object of this invention is to provide methods for the production and use of the compositions disclosed herein.
• compositions comprising an acylated sulfonylaniline compound of the formula where A is an 'acyl group containing from 2 to 12 carbon atoms inclusive, B is an amino, acetamido or nitro group, and C is hydrogen or methyl, in combination with one or more triazine or pyrimidine salts as set forth below.
• the triazine salts employed in the compositions of the invention are salts of 4,6-diamino-1,2-dihydro- 2-lower alkyl-l-aryl-s-triazines of the formula "ice where R represents a chloro, iodo, methyl or benzyloxy radical, R represents a lower alkyl radical and R represents hydrogen or a methyl radical, with an acid of the formula HOOC OH HO KIJOOH where Y represents a direct bond or methylene, benzylidene or thio and X represents hydrogen or bromine;
• the pyrimidine salts employed in the compositions of the invention are 2,4-diamino-5- (p-chlorophenyl)-6-ethylpyrimidine salts with (a) An acid of the formula HOOC OH (b) An acid of the formula Macy OH HO COOH COOH (0) An acid of the formula coon (d) An acid of the formula COOH r (
• Dosage unit forms for subcutaneous or intramuscular injection are particularly suitable.
• the medicament can be incorporated with pharmacuetically-acceptable diluents.
• lipid and aqueous vehicles are suitable.
• Lipid vehicles suitable for use include vegetable oils such as castor oil, peanut oil, cottonseed oil, sesame oil, olive oil, expressed almond oil and the like, alone or in combination with benzyl benzoate and related compounds or with thickening agents known to the art such as aluminum mono-stearate.
• Agents suitable for incorporation in aqueous vehicles include polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, benzethonium chloride, polyethylene glycol, sodium chloride and other adjuvants known to the art.
• the compositions may be dispensed in single or multiple dose ampoules or vials of various size or in disposable syringes or by instruments such as the Scherer Multidose Hypospray Jet Injector.
• the percentages of the acylated sulfonylaniline compound and of the 4,6-diamino-1,2-dihydro-2-lower alkyll-aryl-s-triazine salts or 2,4-diamino-1-(p-chlorophenyl)- 6-ethylpyrimidine salts in the compositions can be varied within wide limits, but in general the upper concentration limits of the medicaments are those that will afford a mixture that is syringable while the lower limits are the minimum amounts of the medicaments that will afford protection against malaria for a period of at least several months. For practical purposes, the medicaments are present in a concentration of to 30%.
• the ratio of the acylated sulfonylaniline to the 4,6-diamino-1,2- dihydro-2-lower alkyl-l-aryl-s-triazine salt or 2,4-dia-mino- 1-(p-ohlorophenyl)-6-ethylpyrimidine salt will usually range from 1:10 to 10:1, but a ratio of about 1:1 is preferred.
• the aforementioned compositions are administered in dosage unit form for the treatment and prophylaxis of malaria.
• the compositions are normally administered subcutaneously or intramuscularly, with the dose adjusted to the needs and tolerances of the individual patient.
• the dosages of the 4,6-diamino-1,2-dihydro-2-lower alkyl-l-aryl-s-triazine salts and the 2,4-diamino-5-(p-chlorophenyl)-6-ethylpyrimidine salts are conveniently expressed in terms of the free base equivalent whereas the dosages of the acylated sulfonylaniline compounds are expressed in terms of total drug.
• the composition is usually administered in a single dose within the range of approximately 25 mg. to 2000 mg. or 2.5 mg./kg. to 20 mg./kg. per patient quarterly, semi-annually or annually, these weights representing total active ingredients with the triazine or pyrimidine salt being calculated as free base equivalent.
• the dose is adjusted according to the size and age of the patient and the patients response to medication. For example, in the case of a child the proper dose would commonly be found near the lower limit of the indicated range Whereas in the case of an adult experiencing no side-effects, the proper dose would commonly be found near the upper limit of the indicated range.
• the triazine and pyrimidine salts employed in the compositions of the invention can be prepared by reacting a corresponding soluble triazine or pyrimidine salt such as the hydrochloride with a soluble salt of one of the designated acids such as the sodium salt, or as described more fully in co-pe-nding applications Serial Nos. 83,909, now US. Patent No. 3,074,947; 83,910; 188,984, now US. Patent No. 3,161,641; and 188,985.
• acylated sulfonylaniline compounds employed in the compositions of the invention can be prepared by reacting a compound of the formula with the appropriate acyl halide in pyridine or with an acid anhydride in acetic acid; or by the reduction of a compound of the formula where A, B and C are as defined before.
• compositions and methods of the invention are of value in the treatment and prophylaxis of malaria, having the advantages of prolonged duration of action, unexpectedly highchemotherapeutic activity, decreased emergence of resistant strains, and good pharmaceutical acceptability.
• Malaria is a disease of great medical and economic importance in many areas of the World, particularly in tropical and semi-tropical climates.
• the great number and variety of therapeutic agents which have been proposed for the treatment of malaria reflect the difficulties which have been encountered in developing satisfactory means for the treatment and control of this disease.
• malaria still annually affects 200 million people and causes one million deaths.
• Interruption of transmission and elimination of malaria by the use of antimalarial drugs depends primarily on the constant maintenance of an effective schizontocidal concentration of the drug in the blood of every individual in an affected community. Two major needs hinder the solution of this problem.
• drugs such as chlorguanide, chlorproguanil, pyrimethamine, p,p'-sulfonyldianiline, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine and amodiaquine must be given daily or weekly if complete interruption of transmission is to be achieved.
• compounds such as 4,6-diamino-1-(p-chloropheny1)-1,2-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-s-triazine hydrochloride are very rapidly excreted and because of this are of limited value as antimalarial agents.
• acylated sulfonylaniline compounds employed in the compositions and methods of the invention possess prolonged antimalarial activity of especially long duration and are non-irritating upon injection.
• the components present in the compositions of the invention exhibit enhanced activity in combination, producing unexpectedly high antimalarial activity of prolonged duration with greatly decreased emergence of resistant strains of malarial parasites.
• the preferred salts for use in the compositions of the invention are the designated triazine salts.
• the preferred acylated sulfonylaniliiie compound is p,p' sulfonylbis(acetanilide), otherwise known as p,p-bis(acetamido)diphenyl sulfone.
• the preferred composition of the invention is the 4,6-diamino- 1 (p chlorophenyl) 1,2-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-s-triazine salt with one-half formula weight 4,4-methylenebis-(3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid) in combination with p,p'-sulfonylbis(acetanilide).
• the preferred product form is an aqueous suspension for parenteral administration.
• the olyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate and benzethonium chloride are dissolved in the water for injection. This solution is autoclaved at 120 C. for 30 minutes at 15 pounds per square inch pressure.
• the 4,6- diamino l (p-chlorophenyl)-1,Z-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-striazine salt with /2 formula weight 4,4'-methylenebis(3- hydroxy-Z-naphthoic acid) and p,p-sulfonylbis(acetanilide) are heat sterilized at 160 C. for 2 hours. After cooling to room temperature, these ingredients are aseptically suspended in the aqueous vehicle. The suspension is dispensed in 5 m1. portions into glass bottles.
• the benzethonium chloride, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, olyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, polyethyleneglycol and the sodium chloride are dissolved in the water for injection. This solution is autoclaved at C. for 30 minutes.
• the 4,6-diamino- 1-(p-chlorophenyl)-l,2 dihydro 2,2-dimethyl-s-triazine salt with /2 formula weight 4,4'-methylenebis(3-hydroxy- 2-naphthoic acid) and the 4'-(N-acetylsulfanilyl)propionanilide are heat sterilized at C. for 2 hours, cooled to room temperature, and suspended in the aque ous vehicle. The suspension is dispensed in 5 ml. portions into glass bottles.
• V formula Weight 4,4 methylenebis(3 hydroxy 2 naphtho'ic acid) 1 25 p,p-Sulfonylbis(acetanilide) 25 Polyvinylpyrrolidone 0.25 Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 10 Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate 0.005 Benzethonium chloride 0.1
• Example 5 4,6-diamino 1,2-dihydro-2,2 dimethyl-l-p-tolyl-striazine salt with /a formula weight 4,4-methylenebis(3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid) 50 4'-(N-acetylsulfanilyl)propionanilide- 50 Polyvinylpyrrolidone 1.0 Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 5.0 Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate 0.01 Benzethonium chloride 0.1
• the castor oil and aluminum monostearate are mixed together and heated until a vehicle of satisfactory consistency is obtained.
• the other ingredients are suspended in the vehicle.
• the suspension is dispensed in 5 ml. portions into 7 ml. ampoules which are then sealed and sterilized by autoclaving at 120 C. for 30 minutes.
• Example 7 2,2-dirnethyl-s-triazine salt with /2 formula weight 4,4-methylenebis(3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid) 1 5O 3'-methyl-4',4'-sulfonylbis(acetanilide) 50 Polyvinylpyrrolidone 0.5 Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 7.5 Polyoxyethylene sorbit-an monolaurate 0.01 Benzethonium chloride 0.1
• Example 8 Mg. 4,6-diamino 1,2 dihydro-1-(p-iodophenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-s-triazine salt with /2 formula weight 4,4- thiobis(3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid) 1 25 4-(N-acetylsulfanilyl)hexanilide 75 1 Base equivalent.
• the vehicle is prepared and the ingredients are formulated as in Example 7.
• Example 9 Mg. 4,6 diamino 1 (p chlorophenyl) 2 ethyl 1,2-dihydro-s-triazine salt with /2 formula weight 4,4 benzylidenebis (3 hydroxy 2 naphthoic acid) 1 75 p-(p-Nitrophenylsulfonyl)acetanilide 150 1 Base equivalent.
• the vehicle is prepared and the ingredients are formulated as in Example 2.
• Example 10 Mg. 4,6 diamino 1,2 dihydro 1 (p-iodophenyl) 2,2 dimethyl s triazine salt with /a formula weight 4,4-methylencbis(7-bromo-3-hydroxy-2- naphthoic acid) 1 150 4 (p Acetamidophenylsulfonyl)dodecananilide 50 1 Base equivalent.
• the vehicle is prepared and the ingredients are formulated as in Example 7.
• Example 11 Mg. 2,4 diamino (p chlorophenyl) 6 ethyl pyrimidine salt with /2 formula weight 4,4- methylenebis(3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid) 150 p,p'-Sulfonylbis'(acetanilide) 100 1 Base equivalent.
• the vehicle is prepared and the ingredients are formulated as in Example 2.
• Example 12 Mg. 2,4 diamino 5 (p chlorophenyl) 6 ethyl pyrimidine salt with 1 formula weight 2,6-dihydroxyisonicotinic acid 1 100 4 Sulfaniiylacetanilide 100 1 Base equivalent.
• the vehicle is prepared and the ingredients are formulated as in Example 2.
• Example 13 Mg. 2,4 diamino 5 (p chlorophenyl) 6 ethyl pyrimidine salt with /2 formula weight 4,4-dihydroxy(1,1' binaphthalene) 3,3 dicarboxylic acid p-Sulfanilyllauranilide 1 Base equivalent.
• the vehicle is prepared and the ingredients are formulated as in Example 2.
• the Vehicle is prepared and the ingredients are formulated as in Example 2.
• Example 16 Mg. 2,4 diamino 5 (p chlorophenyl) 6 ethyl pyrimidine salt with 1 formula Weight fluorescein 1 75 4'-(N-aeetylsulfanilyl)hexanilide 75 1 Base equivalent.
• Example 17 Mg. 2,4 diamono 5 (p chlorophenyl) 6 ethyl pyrimidine salt with 1 formula weight 2-hydroxy- 1lH-benzo[a]carbazole-3-carboxylic acid 1 50 4' (p acetamidophenylsulfonyl)dodecananilide 50 Polyvinylpyrrolidcne 1.0 Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 7.5 Polyoxyethylene sorbit-an monolaurate 0.01 Benzethonium chloride 0.1 Water for injection, to make 1 ml.
• Example 18 Mg. 4, 6 diamino 1 -(p chlorophenyl)- 1,2 dihydro 2,2-dirnethyl-s-triazine salt with /2 formula weight 4,4 methylenebis(3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid) 50 2,4 diamino 5 (p chlorophenyl) 6 ethyl pyrimidine salt with /2 formula weight 6,6'-dibromo 2,2 dihydroxy (1,1' binaphthalene) 3,3'-dicarboxylic acid 50 p,p-Sulfonylbi-s(acetanilide) 50 1 Base equivalent.
• Example 1 The vehicle is prepared and the ingredients are formulated .as in Example 1.
• Example 19 Milligram 4,6 diamino 1 (p chlorophenyl) 1,2 dihydro 2,2-dimethyl-s-triazine salt with /2 formula weight 4,4 methylenebis(3 hydroxy 2 naphthoie acid) 50 4-(N-acetylsu1fani1yl)propionanilide 50 p-Sulfanilyllauranilide 50 1 Base equivalent.
• Example 9 The vehicle is prepared and the ingredients are formulated as in Example 2.
• a repository antimalarial composition comprising a pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier and, in combination, 1 part by weight'of an acylated sulfonylaniline compound and 0.1 to 10 parts by Weight calculated as free base equivalent, of a member of the class consisting of triazine salts and pyrimidine salts;
• said acylated sulfonylaniline compound being a compound of the formula ANHQ-SOQ-B where A is an unsubstituted acyl having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms inclusive, B is selected from the class consisting of amino, acetamido and nitro, and C is selected from the class consisting of hydrogen and methyl;
• said triazine salts being salts of 4,6-diarnino-l,2-dihydro- 2-1ower alkyl-l-aryl-s-triazines of the formula where R is selected from the class consisting of chloro, iodo, methyl and benzyloxy, R is lower alkyl and R is selected from the class consisting of hydrogen and methyl, with an acid of the formula HOOC OH HO COOH where Y is selected from the class consisting of a direct bond, methylene, benzylidene and thio and X is selected from the class consisting of hydrogen and bromine;
• said pyrimidine salts being salts of 2,4-diarnino-5-(pchlorophenyl)-6-ethylpyrimidine with a member of the class consisting of (a) an acid of the formula H000 OH HCI) 00011 where Y is selected from the class consisting of a direct bond, methylene, benzylidene and thio and X is selected from the class consisting of hydrogen and bromine; (b) an acid of the formula HOOO COOH (c) an acid of the formula (d) an acid of the formula COOH HO ⁇ O/ -0 and (e) an acid of the formula 2.
• a repository antimalarial composition comprising a pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier and, in combination, 1 part by weight of p,p'-sulfonylbis(acetanilide) and 0.1 to 10 parts by weight calculated as free base equivalent, of 4,6-diamino l (p-chlorophenyl) 1,2-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-s-triazine salt with one-half formula weight 4,4- methylenebis( 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid 3.
• a repository antimalarial composition comprising, in combination, 1 part by weight of p,p-sulfonylbis(acet anilide) and 0.1 to 10 parts by weight calculated as free base equivalent, of 4,6-diamino l (p-chlorophenyl)-1,2- dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-s-triazine salt with one-half formula weight 4,4-methylenebis(3 hydroxy 2 naphthoic acid) dispersed in a pharmaceutically-acceptable lipid vehicle -for parenteral administration.
• a repository antimalarial composition comprising, in combination, 1 part by weight of p,p'-sulfonylbis(acetanilide) and 0.1 to 10 parts by weight calculated as free base equivalent, of 4,6-diamino 1 (p-chlorophenyl)-l,2- dihydro-Z,Z-dimethyl-s-triazine salt with one-half formula weight 4,4-methylenebis(3 hydroxy 2 naphthoic acid) dispersed in an aqueous vehicle for parenteral administration.
• a method for the treatment and prophylaxis of malaria which comprises administering a repository antimalarial composition as defined in claim 1 to a human being.
• a method for the treatment and prophylaxis of malaria which comprises parenterally administering to a human being a repository antimalarial composition comprising a pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier and, in combination, 1 part by weight of p,p'-sulfonylbis(acetanilide) and 0.1 to 10 parts by weight calculated as free base equivalent, of 4,6-diamino- 1-(p-chlorophenyl)-1,2-dihydro-2,2 dimethyl -'s triazine salt with one-half formula weight 4,4'-methylenebis(3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid).

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Citations (3)

• 1962
  • 1962-06-29 US US206172A patent/US3215600A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1963
  • 1963-06-28 AT AT517563A patent/AT263205B/de active
  • 1963-06-28 GB GB25855/63A patent/GB999121A/en not_active Expired
  • 1963-06-28 BE BE634276D patent/BE634276A/fr unknown
  • 1963-06-28 ES ES289479A patent/ES289479A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1963-06-28 SE SE7188/63A patent/SE320460B/xx unknown
  • 1963-06-28 FR FR939762A patent/FR2767M/fr active Active
  • 1963-08-28 BR BR150289/63A patent/BR6350289D0/pt unknown
• 1966
  • 1966-10-11 NL NL6614309A patent/NL6614309A/xx unknown

Patent Citations (3)

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