US3210008A - Electrostatic spray coating apparatus - Google Patents

Electrostatic spray coating apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3210008A
US3210008A US173633A US17363362A US3210008A US 3210008 A US3210008 A US 3210008A US 173633 A US173633 A US 173633A US 17363362 A US17363362 A US 17363362A US 3210008 A US3210008 A US 3210008A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
nozzle
liquid
spray
inlet
gaseous
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US173633A
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English (en)
Inventor
Liedberg Kurt Herman
Peterson Stig Folke Adrian
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Atlas Copco AB
Original Assignee
Atlas Copco AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Atlas Copco AB filed Critical Atlas Copco AB
Priority to US173633A priority Critical patent/US3210008A/en
Priority to GB4480/63A priority patent/GB955647A/en
Priority to DE19631577617 priority patent/DE1577617A1/de
Priority to SE168763A priority patent/SE301105B/sv
Priority to SE610865A priority patent/SE301609B/sv
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3210008A publication Critical patent/US3210008A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/04—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/03—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by the use of gas, e.g. electrostatically assisted pneumatic spraying

Definitions

  • This invention relates to spray coating apparatus and more particularly to an electrostatic spray coating apparatus for atomizing and charging particles of coating material for use in electrostatic liquid coating deposition systems incorporating an electrostatic field created between the article to be coated and the issuing source of the coating material.
  • the invention features a gaseous pressure fluid driven spray gun.
  • One object of the invention is to provide an electrostatic spray coating apparatus which works on the principle of atomization of the coating material with the help of a gaseous pressure fluid and simultaneous electrical charging of the material, the gun being provided with improved means for performing said charging in connection with the atomization.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an electrostatic spray coating apparatus of the above character with projection of a jet of liquid particles into the atmosphere via a mixing chamber for the jet placed under high electrostatic tension in order to retard and efficiently charge said particles.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide an electrostatic spray coating apparatus of the above character in which the particles of the jet receive an additional retardation and charging by means of a secondary electrode in the path of said jet.
  • a still further object of the invention is to provide, in an electrostatic spray coating apparatus of the above character, a rotatable mixing chamber or a rotatable spray nozzle under high tension for rotating the jet and thereby retarding the projected particles of said jet.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional side view of an electrostatic spray coating gun according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a nozzle end view of the spray gun in FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional side view of the nozzle end of a modified spray gun according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional diagrammatic side view of the nozzle end of another modification of the spray gun, viewed substantially on line 44 in FIG. 5 but omitting some of the needle bearings, and
  • FIG. 5 is a section on line 5-5 in FIG. 4.
  • the spray coating apparatus in FIG. 1 incorporates a body portion or barrel portion of electrically insulating material carried by a conventional body 11 of a spray gun provided with a hand grip 12 and an inlet 13 for gaseous pressure fluid such as air.
  • the apparatus is also provided with a liquid inlet 14 for fluent or liquid coating material and a trigger 15 for controlling by means of a valve 16 the delivery of air from the inlet 13 to the body portion 10.
  • the trigger 15 is also arranged to control the discharge of liquid coating material by displacing a spindle 17 of insulating material in rearward 3,219,008 Patented Oct. 5, 1965 direction against the action of a return spring '18 interposed between a sleeve 20 and the spindle 17.
  • the rate of retraction of the spindle 17 maybe set by an adjusting nut 19 cooperating with a threaded portion of the sleeve 20, which is slidably but unrotatably-arranged in the body 11 and forms an axial abutment for'the spindle 17.
  • the forward end of the body 11 receives a bushing 21 of insulating material, preferably of nylon, to the interior of which the liquid inlet 14, which may incorporate a nylon nipple, is connected.
  • the spindle 17 extends through a plug 22, which is threadedly received in the bushing 21 and compresses a tubular sealing member 23 tightly between the bushing 21 and the spindle 17.
  • a coupling ring 24 for securing the 'gun body portion 10 to the body 11.
  • the body portion 10 consists of an inner tube 25, hollow end pieces 26, 27 threadedly secured to the ends of the inner tube 25, and an outer tube 28 extending between and tightly connected to the end pieces 26, 27 and surrounding the inner tube with some play. All these parts 25-28 forming the body portion 10 are of electrically insulating material, preferably of nylon.
  • the rear end piece 27 has a circumferential flange 29 and is tightly centered by means of rear conical surfaces 30 in a centering collar 31 nested in the forward end of the body 11 and tightly surrounding the bushing 21.
  • the end piece 27 is also threadedly received in the bushing 21 and the clamping ring 24 coacts with the circumferential flange 29 for keeping the rear end piece 27 and the centering collar 31 firmly attached to the body 11, thereby keeping the entire body 10 secured to said body 11.
  • the spindle 17 extends forwardly through the bushing 21 and the body portion 10.
  • an annular central passage 32 for conveying the liquid coating material to the nozzle end of the body portion 10.
  • the air inlet 13 is connected over a passage containing the control valve 16, to an annular chamber 33 formed in the body 11 around the bushing 21 and tightly closed by the centering collar 31.
  • a hollow nozzle body 39 of electrically conductive material is screwed into the piece 26.
  • a central liquid discharge nozzle 40 is formed in the body 39 and is controlled by a needle valve 41 forming the tip of the axially displaceable spindle 17.
  • gaseous pressure fluid or air passages 42 oriented to direct forwardly converging air jets.
  • a metalliccuplike sleeve or spray nozzle 43 fits coaxially over and surrounds the discharge end of the nozzle 40 and of the passages 42 and is tightly pressed over and against the nozzle body 39 by a clamping ring 44 threadedly secured to the mantle of the front end piece 26.
  • annular air chamber 45 receiving air through the passages 38 in the front end piece 26 and communicating with the passages 42 of the nozzle body 39.
  • the spray nozzle has a bore or recess, which freely surrounds the outlet tip of the liquid discharging nozzle 40, and forms a gaseous pressure fluid or air discharging nozzle '46 around said tip.
  • Downstream of the nozzles 40 and 46 the spray nozzle 43 forms a mixing chamber 47 for the jet of liquid particles formed and projected into the atmosphere by the air discharging nozzle 46.
  • This mixing chamber 47 is provided with a discharge passage in the form of a transverse spray slot 48 for finally forming or shaping the cross section of the jet.
  • insulated conductors 49 carrying between their forwardly directed ends a secondary electrode 50 in the form of a fine wire disposed transversely of and in the path of the jet in front of the spray slot 48, i.e. in the plane of the conductors 49.
  • An electrically insulated oval ring 51 for example consisting of an insulated wire ring, may extend between. the conductors 49 in order to prevent accidental contact between the secondary electrode 50 and the object to be coated.
  • the body 11 may be grounded by a wire 54 connected to the hand grip 12.
  • An efficiently insulated high tension conductor 53 is connected to one of the conductors 49, for example to the spray nozzle 43, for applying a high voltage to the conductive nozzles 40, 46 and 43 and the electrode wires 50 and 52.
  • the conductor 53 will be connected to a high potential source in the form of a suitable conventional electrostatic generator, while the liquid inlet 14 will be connected to a pressurized liquid coating supply and the air inlet 13 to a compressed air source.
  • the electrostatic generator keeps the spray gun nozzles 40, 46, 43 as well as the electrode wires 50, 52 at a high negative or positive potential with respect to the environment, for example at 90,000 volts or more, while the object to be coated is kept at a low potential, for example grounded, with respect to the nozzle end of the spray gun.
  • the operator actuates the trigger 15, thereby retracting the spindle 17 and its tip 41 to a preadjusted extent, whereupon liquid coating material is fed through the passage 32 and discharged through the liquid discharging nozzle 40.
  • Simultaneously compressed air is admitted to the annular chamber 33 via the valve 16, and passes therefrom through the passages 34, 35, 37 and 38 to the annular chamber 45, and thence through the air passages 42 to the air discharging nozzle 46 and On to the mixing chamber 47 and the atmosphere.
  • the liquid coating mate-rial is efficiently atomized in the mixing chamber 47 by the air jet and the liquid particles are then projected through the spray slot 48, which retards the particles of the jet and defines the final cross section of the jet.
  • use of internal mixing chamber 47 makes possible efficient atomization at substantially less than the air pressure necessary for conventional external pneumatic atomization (perhaps as much as half), and, therefore, there is a marked primary slowing down or retardation of the particles carried in the jet stream. Such retardation is highly desirable because it gives the electrostatic field more dominance over the air pressure in transferring the coating particles.
  • the secondary electrode together with its forwardly protruding carrying conductors are omitted.
  • the conductor 53 is directly connected to the spray nozzle 43.
  • the front piece 26 may be fixedly connected to the outer tube 28 by a stop screw 56 and a sealing ring 57 may be inserted to secure tightness between the piece 26 and the tube 28.
  • the modification with respect to FIGS. 1, 2 consists mainly in the provision of multiple forwardly directed transverse spray slots 58 from the mixing chamber 47, which may be arranged in parallel, angular, crosswise or other relation with respect to each other.
  • the body portion 10 consists of an integral nylon tube 60 with a central passage 61 therein for the liquid coating material and the spindle 17. Threadedly secured to the outer end of the tube 60 is a metallic nozzle body 62 which is centered on the tube 60 by a conical surface 63. Adjacent to the surface 63 there is formed an annular chamber 64 in the body portion 10. An air passage 65 supplies the chamber 64 with air. Axial passages 66 extend from the chamber 64 through the nozzle body 62 to the forward end thereof adjacent to the mantle of a reduced cylindrical portion 67 thereon. On the portion 67 there is formed a liquid discharging nozzle 68 having a forwardly directed tip.
  • a metallic spray nozzle 70 fitting over the portion 67 and the liquid discharging nozzle 68 with some axial play and forming a converging conical air discharging nozzle 71 around the tip of the liquid discharging nozzle 68.
  • the spray nozzle 70 also incorporates a mixing chamber 72 downstream of the liquid discharging nozzle 68 for the jet produced by the air discharging nozzle 71.
  • a flange 73 is provided on the rear of the spray nozzle 70.
  • the flange 73 is surrounded by a clamping ring '74 threadedly secured to the body 10 and forming a support for the flange 73.
  • Inside of the flange 73 the spray nozzle 70 is provided with turbine blading 75 and in front thereof with an annular exhaust chamber 76 communicating with the atmosphere through radial ports 77.
  • the turbine blading 75 forms a motor for rotating the spray nozzle 70 on the nozzle body 62.
  • An axial passage '78 is provided in the body 10, through which air may be blown against the turbine blading 75 to rotate the spray nozzle 70.
  • the air to the passage 78 may be branched off at a suitable location, for example in the body of the spray coating apparatus adjacent to a hand grip according to FIG. 1, and may be led through the diagrammatically indicated passages 79 and 80 to the passages 78 and 65, respectively.
  • a valve 81 for regulating the air stream through the passage 65 to the, air discharging nozzle 71 independently of the air stream to the turbine blading 75.
  • a radially extending protective ring 82 is provided on the spray nozzle 70 for preventing the turbulent air exhausting from the ports 77 to influence the spray pattern of the jet issuing from the spray nozzles 71 and 70.
  • the jet of liquid particles projected into the atmosphere from the air discharging nozzle 71 receives its final form by a spray slot 83 extending from the mixing chamber 72 for example in a plane through the rotational axis of the of the spray gun.
  • the conductor 53 may be suitably anchored to the body portion as at 84 and has a terminal 85 arranged to slide for charging purposes on the rear mantle surface of the spray nozzle 70.
  • the nozzle arrangement according to FIG. 4 receives air through the passages 79 and 78 so that the spray nozzle 70 will be rotated by the turbine blading 75. Thereupon liquid material fed through the passage 61 will be discharged through the liquid discharging nozzle 68 and atomized in the mixing chamber 72 by the air jet discharged from the air nozzle 71, to which the air is led through the passage 80, the valve 81, the chamber 64 and the passages 66.
  • the jet of dispersed liquid particles is finally formed by and discharged in a retarded state through the rotating constricted spray slot 83 into the atmosphere.
  • the particles of the jet receive an additional retardation prior to deposition on the object to be coated, which is located in front of the nozzle end Obviously the arrangement may also be used for coating the inner surface of tubular articles.
  • an electrostatic spray coating apparatus for imparting a coating of charged particles of a material to an object and having a body of insulated material, a liquid material inlet in said body and a gaseous pressure fluid inlet in said body, the combination which comprises a liquid discharging nozzle on said body at the end thereof opposite said liquid inlet, a gaseous pressure fluid discharging nozzle adjacent said liquid discharging nozzle for atomizing the liquid discharging therefrom, passages in said body in flow communication with said liquid inlet and said liquid nozzle and with said gaseous inlet and said gaseous nozzle, a substantially cupshaped electrically conductive spray nozzle formed over the ends of said liquid and gaseous discharging nozzles defining a mixing chamber for said atomized liquid particles and for imparting an electrostatic charge thereto before entering the atmosphere, at least one restricted electrically conductive jet orifice in said spray nozzle leading to the atmosphere for projecting the charged particles to the object to be coated and for forming the crosssection of said projection, and high
  • an electrostatic spray coating apparatus for imparting a coating of charged particles of a material to an object and having a body of insulated material, a liquid material inlet in said body, and a gaseous pressure fluid inlet in said body
  • the combination which comprises an electrically conductive liquid discharging nozzle on said body at the end thereof opposite said liquid inlet, an electrically conductive gaseous pressure fluid discharge nozzle adjacent said liquid dlS- charging nozzle for atomizing the liquid discharging therefrom, passages in said body in flow communication with said liquid inlet and said liquid nozzle and with said gaseous inlet in said gaseous nozzle, a substantially cup-shaped electrically conductive spray nozzle formed over the ends of said liquid and gaseous discharging nozzles defining a mixing chamber for said atomized liquid particles and for imparting an electrostatic charge thereto before entering the atmosphere, at least one restricted electrically conductive jet orifice in said spray nozzle leading to the atmosphere for projecting the charged particles to the article to be coated and for forming
  • an electrostatic spray coating apparatus for imparting a coating of charged particles of a material to an object and having a body of insulated material, a liquid material inlet in said body and a gaseous pressure inlet in said body, the combination which comprises .a liquid discharging nozzle on said body at the end thereof opposite said liquid inlet, a gaseous pressure fluid discharging nozzle adjacent said liquid discharging nozzle for atomizing liquid discharging therefrom, passages in said body in flow communication With said liquid inlet and said liquid nozzle and with said gaseous inlet and said gaseous nozzle, a substantially cupshaped electrically conductive spray nozzle formed over the ends of said liquid and said gaseous discharging nozzles defining a mixing chamber for said atomized liquid particles and for imparting an electrostatic charge thereto before entering the atmosphere, a slot-shaped electrically conductive jet orifice in said spray nozzle and transverse thereto leading to the atmosphere for projecting the charged particles to the object to be coated and for forming the cross-
  • an electrostatic spray coating apparatus for imparting a coating of charged particles of a material to an object and having a body of insulated material, a liquid material inlet in said body and a gaseous pressure fluid inlet in said body, the combination which comprises a liquid discharging nozzle on said body at the end thereof opposite said liquid inlet, a gaseous pressure fluid discharge nozzle adjacent said liquid discharging nozzle for atomizing the liquid discharging therefrom, passages in said body in flow communication with said liquid inlet and said liquid nozzle and with said gaseous inlet and said gaseous nozzle, a substantially cup-shaped electrically conductive spray nozzle formed over the ends of said liquid and said gaseous discharging nozzles defining a mixing chamber and a primary electrode for said atomized liquid particles and for imparting an electrostatic charge to said atomized liquid issuing from said discharge nozzles, a slot-shaped jet orifice in said spray nozzle transverse to said body leading to the atmosphere for projecting the charged particles to the article to
  • an electrostatic spray coating apparatus for imparting a coating of liquid to an object and having a body of insulated material, a hand grip portion on said body, trigger means on said body adjacent said hand grip portion, a liquid material inlet in said body and a gaseous pressure fluid inlet in said body, the combination which comprises an electrically conductive liquid discharging nozzle on said body at the end thereof opposite said hand grip portion, valve means in said liquid discharging nozzle, a spindle of insulating material extending through said body and connected to said valve means for controlling the discharge from said liquid discharging nozzle, said spindle being connected to said trigger means for the actuation thereof, an electrically conductive gaseous pressure fluid discharging nozzle adjacent said liquid discharging nozzle for atomizing the liquid discharging therefrom, passages in said body in flow communication with said liquid inlet and said liquid nozzle and with said gaseous inlet and said gaseous nozzle, second valve means in said gaseous fluid discharging nozzle and connected to said trigger means
  • said rotating means includes a gaseous pressure fluid operated motor connected to said spray nozzle and to said gaseous pressure fluid passages in said body providing flow communication between said gaseous pressure fluid inlet and said motor.
  • said spray nozzle includes gaseous pressure fluid operated means for the rotation thereof and which is in flow communication with said gaseous pressure fluid passages in said body and connected to said trigger means for rotating said projection of charged particles with respect to the ambient atmosphere.

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  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
US173633A 1962-02-16 1962-02-16 Electrostatic spray coating apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3210008A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US173633A US3210008A (en) 1962-02-16 1962-02-16 Electrostatic spray coating apparatus
GB4480/63A GB955647A (en) 1962-02-16 1963-02-04 Improvements in electrostatic spray coating apparatus
DE19631577617 DE1577617A1 (de) 1962-02-16 1963-02-14 Elektrostatische Spritzvorrichtung fuer Farbmaterial u. dgl.
SE168763A SE301105B (sv) 1962-02-16 1963-02-15 Elektrostatisk sprutapparat
SE610865A SE301609B (sv) 1962-02-16 1965-05-11 Sprutapparat för rörformiga arbetsstycken

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US173633A US3210008A (en) 1962-02-16 1962-02-16 Electrostatic spray coating apparatus

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Publication Number Publication Date
US3210008A true US3210008A (en) 1965-10-05

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US173633A Expired - Lifetime US3210008A (en) 1962-02-16 1962-02-16 Electrostatic spray coating apparatus

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US (1) US3210008A (sv)
DE (1) DE1577617A1 (sv)
GB (1) GB955647A (sv)
SE (2) SE301105B (sv)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3774844A (en) * 1972-03-23 1973-11-27 Walberg & Co A Electrostatic deposition coating system
DE2744464A1 (de) * 1976-10-04 1978-04-06 Ransburg Corp Vorrichtung zum ausscheiden von feststoffteilchen aus einer atmosphaere
US4235381A (en) * 1978-04-07 1980-11-25 Vila Juan R Devices for covering objects with electrostatic dust
EP0600397A1 (en) * 1992-12-03 1994-06-08 Ransburg Corporation Nonincendive rotary atomizer
EP1415721A3 (en) * 1995-07-19 2004-09-29 Hose Specialities/Capri, Inc. Spray gun and paint supply system

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2625590A (en) * 1948-07-31 1953-01-13 Vilbiss Co Means for electrostatically charging spray material
US2697411A (en) * 1944-01-03 1954-12-21 Ransburg Electro Coating Corp Electrostatic spray coating apparatus
US2809902A (en) * 1951-08-09 1957-10-15 Ransburg Electro Coating Corp Method and apparatus for electrostatically coating articles
US3000574A (en) * 1959-12-08 1961-09-19 Interplanetary Res & Dev Corp Dual atomization and electrostatic deposition means
US3111266A (en) * 1959-11-20 1963-11-19 Greiff Svenska Maskin Ab Spray painting gun for electrostatic spray painting

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2697411A (en) * 1944-01-03 1954-12-21 Ransburg Electro Coating Corp Electrostatic spray coating apparatus
US2625590A (en) * 1948-07-31 1953-01-13 Vilbiss Co Means for electrostatically charging spray material
US2809902A (en) * 1951-08-09 1957-10-15 Ransburg Electro Coating Corp Method and apparatus for electrostatically coating articles
US3111266A (en) * 1959-11-20 1963-11-19 Greiff Svenska Maskin Ab Spray painting gun for electrostatic spray painting
US3000574A (en) * 1959-12-08 1961-09-19 Interplanetary Res & Dev Corp Dual atomization and electrostatic deposition means

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3774844A (en) * 1972-03-23 1973-11-27 Walberg & Co A Electrostatic deposition coating system
DE2744464A1 (de) * 1976-10-04 1978-04-06 Ransburg Corp Vorrichtung zum ausscheiden von feststoffteilchen aus einer atmosphaere
US4190875A (en) * 1976-10-04 1980-02-26 The Ritten Corporation, Ltd. Apparatus for removing particulate matter from an atmosphere
US4235381A (en) * 1978-04-07 1980-11-25 Vila Juan R Devices for covering objects with electrostatic dust
EP0600397A1 (en) * 1992-12-03 1994-06-08 Ransburg Corporation Nonincendive rotary atomizer
EP1415721A3 (en) * 1995-07-19 2004-09-29 Hose Specialities/Capri, Inc. Spray gun and paint supply system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1577617A1 (de) 1969-07-31
SE301105B (sv) 1968-05-20
SE301609B (sv) 1968-06-10
GB955647A (en) 1964-04-15

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