US3209813A - Rotary regenerative heat exchangers - Google Patents

Rotary regenerative heat exchangers Download PDF

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US3209813A
US3209813A US275301A US27530163A US3209813A US 3209813 A US3209813 A US 3209813A US 275301 A US275301 A US 275301A US 27530163 A US27530163 A US 27530163A US 3209813 A US3209813 A US 3209813A
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Prior art keywords
rotor
face
housing
sealing means
rotary regenerative
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US275301A
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Hryniszak Waldemar
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CA Parsons and Co Ltd
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CA Parsons and Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D19/00—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium
    • F28D19/04—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium using rigid bodies, e.g. mounted on a movable carrier
    • F28D19/047—Sealing means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/009—Heat exchange having a solid heat storage mass for absorbing heat from one fluid and releasing it to another, i.e. regenerator
    • Y10S165/013—Movable heat storage mass with enclosure
    • Y10S165/016—Rotary storage mass
    • Y10S165/02—Seal and seal-engaging surface are relatively movable
    • Y10S165/021—Seal engaging a face of cylindrical heat storage mass
    • Y10S165/022—Seal defining sector-shaped flow area

Definitions

  • This invention relates to rotary regenerative heat exchangers of the kind in which the heat exchanging fluids flow through a rotor of heat storing material in the direction of the axis of the rotor and which have sealing arrangements between part of the heat exchanger through which hot fluid flows and the part through which cold fluid flows to prevent or reduce leakage between the hot fluid and cold fluid parts of the heat exchanger.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an effective sealing arrangement for a rotary regenerative heat exchanger of the kind referred to in the first paragraph of this specification with a rotor made of such material or materials.
  • a rotary regenerative heat exchanger comprising a stationary housing, a rotor, heat storing material in said rotor adapted for rotation in said housing, passages in said heat storing material for allowing the passage of heat exchanging fluid from one end face of the rotor to an opposite end face thereof in the direction of the axis of the rotor, chambers in the said housing, a chamber for hot fluid adjacent each end face of the rotor, a chamber for cold fluid adjacent each end face of the rotor, sealing means co-operating with said end faces of the rotor along a chord or diameter thereof and with a peripheral face thereof in the direction of the rotor axis, the seals acting on the end face of the rotor being separate from those on the peripheral face.
  • FIGURE 1 is a side elevation of the general arrangement of a rotary regenerative heat exchanger in accordance with one embodiment of the invention with inlet and outlet ducts cut away being drawn in part only to indicate a method of connection;
  • FIGURE 2 is a sectional end elevation on line II-II of FIGURE 1;
  • FIGURE 3 is a plan view partly in section on line III-III of FIGURE 1;
  • FIGURE 4 shows separate parts of the sealing arrangement used in FIGURES 1 to 3 forming components of the upper half of the main seal namely top cover, periphery seal, face seal, springs, spacer and mid plate not necessarily to scale; and
  • FIGURE 4a is a typical section showing the relative position of the seals of FIGURE 4 or assembly of upper half of face seal shown in FIGURE 4.
  • a rotary regenerative heat exchanger comprises a housing 1 and a rotor 2 mounted on shaft 3 so as to rotate within the housing.
  • duct 4 is an inlet duct for low pressure fluid and duct 5 an outlet duct for low pressure fluid
  • duct 6 an inlet duct for high pressure fluid and duct 7 an outlet duct for high pressure fluid.
  • the rotor 2 is in the form of a disc with heat storage material 2a located between inner and outer support rings 2b and 20 respectively.
  • High pressure fluid which in the aforesaid gas turbine application of the heat exchanger could be air from a compressor on its way to a combustion chamber, would enter duct 6, pass axially through the rotor and leave via duct 7.
  • the rotor as it rotates alternately receives heat from the hot fluid and gives this heat up to the cold fluid.
  • ceramics generally, glass-ceramics or other low expansion materials for the rotor substantially or completely eliminates thermal distortion of the rotor as it passes from hot fluid passages to cold fluid passages.
  • a sealing arrangement 8 is provided. This provides sealing along a diametral or chord line on the end faces of the rotor and along its peripheral edge in an axial direction.
  • the sealing arrangement shown comprises a rectangular or square framework housing the seals.
  • the shape of these plates can be seen from FIGURE 4.
  • the plate 10 and the spacer 13 are not shown in FIGURE 4; they are identical with plates 9 and 12 respectively.
  • seals 15a, 15b seal against a peripheral edge of the rotor and are spaced by flexible seals 16.
  • Seals 17a, 17b seal along a diametral or chord line of the end faces of the rotor and are spaced by flexible seals 18.
  • Wave springs 19 urge the seals 15a, 1512 into sealing contact with the peripheral edges of the rotor whilst wave springs 20 urge seals 17a, 1712' into contact with the end faces of the rotor.
  • a similar sealing arrangement is provided between plates 11 and 10, seals 15c and 15d sealing the peripheral edges of the rotor and seals 17c and 17d sealing the end faces of the rotor. 15d is not seen in the sectional views of FIGURES 1 and 2 but is similar to seal 15b.
  • the seals 15, 17 should be of high temperature resistant material and have low thermal expansion. Pyritic graphite constitutes suitable material.
  • the plates are clamped together by bolts 21 to hold the seals in position.
  • the whole sealing arrangement is clamped by bolts 22 to a shaft housing 23.
  • a leakage path is provided between one end face of the disc and the other, between the edge of the rotor and the housing 1.
  • further seals 24 are provided which extend circumferentially around the rotor. As the pressure difference across the disc from end face to end face is small, being due to the pressure drop in the rotor itself, these seals may be low pressure seals. Suitable material would be graphite.
  • a rotary regenerative heat exchanger comprising a stationary housing, a rotor mounted for rotation in said housing, heat storing material in said rotor, passages in said heat storing material for allowing the passage of heat exchanging fluid from one end face of the rotor to an opposite end face thereof in the direction of the axis of the rotor, chambers in said housing, a chamber for hot fluid adjacent each end face of the rotor, a chamber for cold fluid adjacent each end face, sealing means for operating with said end faces of the rotor along a chord or diameter thereof and separate sealing means extending axially along and cooperating with a peripheral phase of the rotor, each of said sealing means comprising two spaced parts, and flexible sealing means providing a spacer between said two parts, said two parts of each sealing means defining a rectangular opening receiving said rotor in surrounding relationship.
  • a rotary regenerative heat exchanger comprising a stationary housing, a rotor mounted for rotation in said housing, heat storing material in said rotor, passages in said heat storing material for allowing the passage of heat exchanging fluid from one end face of the rotor to an opposite end face thereof in the direction of the axis of the rotor, chambers in said housing, a chamber for hot fluid adjacent each end face of the rotor, a chamber for cold fluids adjacent each end face, sealing means cooperating with said end faces of the rotor along a chord or diameter thereof and separate sealing means extending axially along and cooperating with a pcripheral face of the rotor, spaced seal retaining plates, spacers disposed between portions of said plates, both of said sealing means being disposed between said plates and between said spacers and said rotor, both of said sealing means defining a rectangular opening receiving said rotor in surrounding relationship, and spring means disposed between said spacers and the outer edges of both of said sealing means to urge both of said

Description

Oct. 5, 1965 w. HRYNISZAK ROTARY REGENERATIVE HEAT EXCHANGERS 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed April 24, 1965 Oct. 5, 1965 w. HRYNISZAK 3,209,813
ROTARY REGENERATIVE HEAT EXCHANGERS Filed April 24, 1963 4 sheets-sheet 2 0% 1965 w. HRYNISZAK 3,209,813
ROTARY REGENERATIVE HEAT EXCHANGERS Filed April 24, 1963 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Oct. 5, 1965 w. HRYNISZAK 3,209,813
ROTARY REGENERATIVE HEAT EXCHANGERS Filed April 24, 1963 4 s t s 4 f o o o o o o o o 1h [2 4. 15% H m I IL 19 Jgd .79 J6 $2 6 o o o o o o o /JJ 1294M. G o
\ O O O O O O O O United States Patent 3,209,813 ROTARY REGENERATIVE HEAT EXCHANGERS Waldemar Hryniszak, Newcastle upon Tyne, England,
assignor to C. A. Parsons & Company Limited, Newcastle upon Tyne, England, a company of Great Britain Filed Apr. 24, 1963, Ser. No. 275,301
Claims priority, application Great Britain, Apr. 27, 1962,
2 Claims. (Cl. 165-9) This invention relates to rotary regenerative heat exchangers of the kind in which the heat exchanging fluids flow through a rotor of heat storing material in the direction of the axis of the rotor and which have sealing arrangements between part of the heat exchanger through which hot fluid flows and the part through which cold fluid flows to prevent or reduce leakage between the hot fluid and cold fluid parts of the heat exchanger.
The effectiveness of such seals depends upon the amount of thermal distortion of the rotor which takes place and recent developments have led to the production of rotors of ceramic or other like materials which have virtually no expansion at operating temperatures of such heat exchangers even when they are used with gas turbine plant.
The object of the present invention is to provide an effective sealing arrangement for a rotary regenerative heat exchanger of the kind referred to in the first paragraph of this specification with a rotor made of such material or materials.
The invention which is more particularly defined in the appended claims in brief consists in a rotary regenerative heat exchanger comprising a stationary housing, a rotor, heat storing material in said rotor adapted for rotation in said housing, passages in said heat storing material for allowing the passage of heat exchanging fluid from one end face of the rotor to an opposite end face thereof in the direction of the axis of the rotor, chambers in the said housing, a chamber for hot fluid adjacent each end face of the rotor, a chamber for cold fluid adjacent each end face of the rotor, sealing means co-operating with said end faces of the rotor along a chord or diameter thereof and with a peripheral face thereof in the direction of the rotor axis, the seals acting on the end face of the rotor being separate from those on the peripheral face.
Referring to the accompanying drawings:
FIGURE 1 is a side elevation of the general arrangement of a rotary regenerative heat exchanger in accordance with one embodiment of the invention with inlet and outlet ducts cut away being drawn in part only to indicate a method of connection;
FIGURE 2 is a sectional end elevation on line II-II of FIGURE 1;
FIGURE 3 is a plan view partly in section on line III-III of FIGURE 1;
FIGURE 4 shows separate parts of the sealing arrangement used in FIGURES 1 to 3 forming components of the upper half of the main seal namely top cover, periphery seal, face seal, springs, spacer and mid plate not necessarily to scale; and
FIGURE 4a is a typical section showing the relative position of the seals of FIGURE 4 or assembly of upper half of face seal shown in FIGURE 4.
In carrying the invention into eifect in the form illustrated by way of example and referring to FIGURES 1 to 3 a rotary regenerative heat exchanger comprises a housing 1 and a rotor 2 mounted on shaft 3 so as to rotate within the housing.
Connected to housing 1 are inlet and outlet ducts of heat exchanging fluids. For the purpose of explanation it will be assumed that duct 4 is an inlet duct for low pressure fluid and duct 5 an outlet duct for low pressure fluid,
ice
duct 6 an inlet duct for high pressure fluid and duct 7 an outlet duct for high pressure fluid.
The rotor 2 is in the form of a disc with heat storage material 2a located between inner and outer support rings 2b and 20 respectively.
Low pressure fluid, which in a gas turbine application of the heat exchanger, could be hot exhaust gas from the turbine, would enter duct 4 flow axially through the rotor 2 and leave through duct 5.
High pressure fluid, which in the aforesaid gas turbine application of the heat exchanger could be air from a compressor on its way to a combustion chamber, would enter duct 6, pass axially through the rotor and leave via duct 7. The rotor as it rotates alternately receives heat from the hot fluid and gives this heat up to the cold fluid.
The use of ceramics generally, glass-ceramics or other low expansion materials for the rotor substantially or completely eliminates thermal distortion of the rotor as it passes from hot fluid passages to cold fluid passages.
In order to prevent leakage across the face or edge of the rotor between the hot fluid and cold fluid part of the heat exchanger a sealing arrangement 8 is provided. This provides sealing along a diametral or chord line on the end faces of the rotor and along its peripheral edge in an axial direction.
The sealing arrangement shown comprises a rectangular or square framework housing the seals. There are two outer plates 9, 10 and an intermediate plate 11, the plate 11 being spaced from each of the plates 9 and 10 by spacer plates 12, 13. The shape of these plates can be seen from FIGURE 4. The plate 10 and the spacer 13 are not shown in FIGURE 4; they are identical with plates 9 and 12 respectively.
The outer edges of the plates 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 are in line and as the spacer plates 12 and 13 have a larger opening, a space is formed between the inner edge of the spacer plate and the faces of plates 9 and 11 or 11 and 10. One such space formed between the plate 9 and the plate 11 is shown at 14 in FIGURE 4a.
In these spaces are located the seals. Considering the part of the seal above plate 11, seals 15a, 15b seal against a peripheral edge of the rotor and are spaced by flexible seals 16. Seals 17a, 17b seal along a diametral or chord line of the end faces of the rotor and are spaced by flexible seals 18. Wave springs 19 urge the seals 15a, 1512 into sealing contact with the peripheral edges of the rotor whilst wave springs 20 urge seals 17a, 1712' into contact with the end faces of the rotor. A similar sealing arrangement is provided between plates 11 and 10, seals 15c and 15d sealing the peripheral edges of the rotor and seals 17c and 17d sealing the end faces of the rotor. 15d is not seen in the sectional views of FIGURES 1 and 2 but is similar to seal 15b.
The seals 15, 17 should be of high temperature resistant material and have low thermal expansion. Pyritic graphite constitutes suitable material.
The plates are clamped together by bolts 21 to hold the seals in position. The whole sealing arrangement is clamped by bolts 22 to a shaft housing 23.
As the rotor must have clearance from the casing to allow it to rot-ate, a leakage path is provided between one end face of the disc and the other, between the edge of the rotor and the housing 1. To prevent fluid following this path rather than through the rotor, further seals 24 are provided which extend circumferentially around the rotor. As the pressure difference across the disc from end face to end face is small, being due to the pressure drop in the rotor itself, these seals may be low pressure seals. Suitable material would be graphite.
I claim:
1. A rotary regenerative heat exchanger comprising a stationary housing, a rotor mounted for rotation in said housing, heat storing material in said rotor, passages in said heat storing material for allowing the passage of heat exchanging fluid from one end face of the rotor to an opposite end face thereof in the direction of the axis of the rotor, chambers in said housing, a chamber for hot fluid adjacent each end face of the rotor, a chamber for cold fluid adjacent each end face, sealing means for operating with said end faces of the rotor along a chord or diameter thereof and separate sealing means extending axially along and cooperating with a peripheral phase of the rotor, each of said sealing means comprising two spaced parts, and flexible sealing means providing a spacer between said two parts, said two parts of each sealing means defining a rectangular opening receiving said rotor in surrounding relationship. v
2. A rotary regenerative heat exchanger comprising a stationary housing, a rotor mounted for rotation in said housing, heat storing material in said rotor, passages in said heat storing material for allowing the passage of heat exchanging fluid from one end face of the rotor to an opposite end face thereof in the direction of the axis of the rotor, chambers in said housing, a chamber for hot fluid adjacent each end face of the rotor, a chamber for cold fluids adjacent each end face, sealing means cooperating with said end faces of the rotor along a chord or diameter thereof and separate sealing means extending axially along and cooperating with a pcripheral face of the rotor, spaced seal retaining plates, spacers disposed between portions of said plates, both of said sealing means being disposed between said plates and between said spacers and said rotor, both of said sealing means defining a rectangular opening receiving said rotor in surrounding relationship, and spring means disposed between said spacers and the outer edges of both of said sealing means to urge both of said sealing means into sealing engagement with said rotor.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,579,212 12/51 Stevens et al. 16510 3,000,617 9/61 Kitko 1659 FOREIGN PATENTS 155,872 11/52 Australia. 709,638 6/54 Great Britain.
ROBERT A. OLEARY, Primary Examiner.
CHARLES SUKALO, Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. A ROTARY REGENERATIVE HEAT EXCHANGER COMPRISING A STATIONARY HOUSING, A ROTOR MOUNTED FOR ROTATION IN SAID HOUSING, HEAT STORING MATERIAL IN SAID ROTOR, PASSAGES IN SAID HEAD STORING MATERIAL FOR ALLOWING THE PASSAGE OF HEAT EXCHANGING FLUID FROM ONE END FACE OF THE ROTOR TO AN OPPOSITE END FACE THEREOF IN THE DIRECTION OF THE AXIS OF THE ROTOR, CHAMBERS IN CAIS HOUSING, A CHAMBER FOR HOT FLUID ADJACENT EACH END FACE OF THE ROTOR, A CHAMBER FOR COLD FLUID ADJACENT EACH END FACE, SEALING MEANS FOR OPERATING WITH SAID END FACES OF THE ROTOR ALONG A CHORD OR DIAMETER THEREOF AND SEPARATE SEALING MEANS EXTENDING AXIALLY ALONG AND COOPERATING WITH A PERIPHERAL PHASE OF THE ROTOR, EACH OF SID SEALING MEANS COMPRISING TWO
US275301A 1962-04-27 1963-04-24 Rotary regenerative heat exchangers Expired - Lifetime US3209813A (en)

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GB16229/62A GB975027A (en) 1962-04-27 1962-04-27 Improvements in and relating to rotary regenerative heat exchangers

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3476173A (en) * 1967-08-16 1969-11-04 Gen Motors Corp Rotary regenerator matrix mount and drive
US3633926A (en) * 1968-04-29 1972-01-11 Clarke Chapman Ltd High-temperature seals
US3942953A (en) * 1973-09-24 1976-03-09 Granco Equipment, Inc. Fume incinerator and seal structure therefor
US3978913A (en) * 1973-09-24 1976-09-07 Granco Equipment, Inc. Incinerator and heat exchanger structure therefor
US4027721A (en) * 1973-09-24 1977-06-07 Agm Industries, Inc. Rotary heat exchanger with improved seal structure
US4188993A (en) * 1977-06-09 1980-02-19 Thermal Transfer Division of Kleinewefers Heat recovery systems

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5426929Y2 (en) * 1975-03-24 1979-09-04

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2579212A (en) * 1948-08-23 1951-12-18 Power Jets Res & Dev Ltd Heat exchanger
GB709638A (en) * 1951-09-11 1954-06-02 Crossley Brothers Ltd Improvements in means for cooling the scavenging and charging air of internal combustion engines
US3000617A (en) * 1959-06-24 1961-09-19 Thompson Ramo Wooldridge Inc Seal means for a rotary heat exchanger

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2579212A (en) * 1948-08-23 1951-12-18 Power Jets Res & Dev Ltd Heat exchanger
GB709638A (en) * 1951-09-11 1954-06-02 Crossley Brothers Ltd Improvements in means for cooling the scavenging and charging air of internal combustion engines
US3000617A (en) * 1959-06-24 1961-09-19 Thompson Ramo Wooldridge Inc Seal means for a rotary heat exchanger

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3476173A (en) * 1967-08-16 1969-11-04 Gen Motors Corp Rotary regenerator matrix mount and drive
US3633926A (en) * 1968-04-29 1972-01-11 Clarke Chapman Ltd High-temperature seals
US3942953A (en) * 1973-09-24 1976-03-09 Granco Equipment, Inc. Fume incinerator and seal structure therefor
US3978913A (en) * 1973-09-24 1976-09-07 Granco Equipment, Inc. Incinerator and heat exchanger structure therefor
US4027721A (en) * 1973-09-24 1977-06-07 Agm Industries, Inc. Rotary heat exchanger with improved seal structure
US4188993A (en) * 1977-06-09 1980-02-19 Thermal Transfer Division of Kleinewefers Heat recovery systems

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CH401110A (en) 1965-10-31

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