US3205955A - Drill string valve - Google Patents

Drill string valve Download PDF

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Publication number
US3205955A
US3205955A US252970A US25297063A US3205955A US 3205955 A US3205955 A US 3205955A US 252970 A US252970 A US 252970A US 25297063 A US25297063 A US 25297063A US 3205955 A US3205955 A US 3205955A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
casing
string
port
parts
drill string
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US252970A
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English (en)
Inventor
Whittle Frank
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of US3205955A publication Critical patent/US3205955A/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/10—Valve arrangements in drilling-fluid circulation systems
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/002—Down-hole drilling fluid separation systems
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
    • E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
    • E21B34/12—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by movement of casings or tubings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/02—Fluid rotary type drives
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722—Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7837—Direct response valves [i.e., check valve type]
    • Y10T137/7854—In couplings for coaxial conduits, e.g., drill pipe check valves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to equipment for drilling oil well bore holes, and in particular to a valve assembly for ID- sertion between a bore hole drilling bit and a drill string to enable liquid to pass from the drill string to the bore hole and vice versa Without passing through the bit.
  • a drill string is a series of lengths of pipe, which are connected together and which extend from equipment at ground level down to a drilling bit in the bore hole.
  • the valve assembly with which the present invention is concerned serves, firstly to permit entry of liquid from the bore hole into the drill string when the drill string is being returned into the bore hole after withdrawal, for example for replacement of the drilling bit; and secondly, to permit liquid loaded with plugging material to be pumped into the bore hole without passing through the drilling bit and/ or adjacent mechanism.
  • drilling mud In normal operation, so-called drilling mud is pumped down through the drill string and issues through jets in the drilling bit, to cool the latter and convey the rock debris up through the bore hole around the drill string to the surface for disposal.
  • the drilling mud is a liquid which contains sufiicient finely divided matter in suspension to form a filter cake on the wall of the bore hole where the latter traverses porous strata and thus seal the pores and prevent excessive loss of liquid.
  • the drilling bit may be rotated either through the drill string by a motor located at the surface, or by a motor located adjacent the drilling bit and operated, for example, by the drilling mud.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide means for separating rock debris from liquid entering the drill string from the bore hole.
  • a common form of remedial action consists in feeding plugging materials into the drilling mud.
  • the variety of materials used for this purpose is quite astonishing nut shells, any kind of fibrous material lying to hand, flakes of cellulose wrapping film etc.and it is obvious that such materials could easily block the orifices of the jet bit and create a hazard if allowed to pass through a mud operated drilling motor.
  • a second object of the invention is accordingly to provide means allowing passage of plugging material into the bore hole without passing through the bit, or through the bit driving motor if of a mud-operated type.
  • a tubular casing having one or more ports for passage of plugging material and, axially spaced there from in the upstream direction (ie, the direction from which the drilling mud will be pumped), one or more "ice ports for flow of liquid into the casing to fill the drill string, the casing being composed of two parts connected for transmission of torque, but with freedom to move telescopically relatively to one another to a limited extent;
  • a third valve means in flow relationship with the bore of the casing downstream of the plugging-material port and operatively associated with the two casing parts to close the bore of the casing downstream of the pluggingmaterial port on telescopic extension of the casing.
  • the second valve means of sub paragraph (c) preferably comprises a non-return valve openable by excess pressure in the bore hole over that in the casing.
  • the separating means of sub paragraph (d) preferably comprises a tubular filter screen surrounding the casing in the vicinity of the string-filling porting.
  • the filter screen may be protected by an outer tubular shield open at both ends to form with the screen an annular passage through which there is a flow of liquid as the drill string is lowered into the bore hole.
  • swirl vanes are provided at one or both ends of the annular passage to cause rotary swirl of the liquid flowing through the passage and thus assist separation of rock debris by centrifugal action and reduce the tendency for filter cake to build up on the filter screen.
  • the first means of subparagraph (b) may include a non-return valve closing the casing bore between the plugging-material porting and the string-filling porting, and openable by pumping pressure on its upstream side.
  • a non-return valve closing the casing bore between the plugging-material porting and the string-filling porting, and openable by pumping pressure on its upstream side.
  • valve assembly acts mere ly as a through passage for the drilling mud, and it is therefore important to design all components so as to keep pressure drops as low as possible.
  • FIGURES 1 and 2 show in longitudinal section a first embodiment, in the contracted and extended positions of the casing parts respectively, while FIGURE 3 illustrates a detail of construction
  • FIGURES 4 and 5 are views similar to FIGURES 1 and 2, of the second embodiment.
  • FIGURE 6 shows the relationship between the valve assembly and other components of the well drilling equipment, the valve assembly being that shown in FIG- URES 1 to 3, in the extended position as in FIGURE 2.
  • the valve assembly shown in FIGURES 1 to 3 comprises a tubular casing composed of an upper part 1 and a lower part 2.
  • the upper part 1 has, at its lower end, an outwardly-projecting flange 3 formed with splines to engage corresponding splines 4 on a portion of the internal wall of the lower part 2, axial movement in the extending direction being limited by engagement of the flange 3 with an inwardly-projecting flange 5 at the upper end of the lower part 2.
  • the flange 5 carries two sealing rings 6 working on a cylindrical surface 7 on the upper part 1. Axial movement in the contracting direction is limited by contact of the flange 5 with a shoulder 8 on the upper part.
  • the casing part 1 is provided with a taper screw thread 9 for attachment to the bottom end of a drill string.
  • a drill string is normally composed of a succession of pipe sections, followed by a sufiicient number of heavy drill collars to apply the required weight to the drilling bit while maintaining the pipe sections in tension.
  • the bottom end of the lowermost drill collar is shown at 10.
  • the casing part 2 is provided with a taper screw thread 11, which may engage a drilling bit directly, in the case in which the drill string is rotated by a motor at the surface for driving the bit.
  • the drilling bit D is rotated by a drilling motor operated by drilling mud pumped down through the drill string.
  • a hydraulic jack for controlling the weight on the bit may, as shown, be interposed between the valve assembly and the drilling motor.
  • the splines 4 transmit either the drill torque or the equal and opposite reaction of the drilling motor, and that when, on lowering the equipment into a bore hole, the bit D reaches the bottom of the hole, further paying off of the drill string will cause relative contrac tion of the two parts of the casing of the valve assembly, until the flange 5 abuts the shoulder 8 and weight is applied to the bit.
  • the casing part 1 is provided with a ring of ports 12 which, in the extended condition of the casing (shown in FIGURE 2), produced by raising the drill string sufficiently to lift the drilling bit off the bottom of the bore hole, provide for passage of drilling mud loaded with plugging material from the bore of the casing out into the bore hole without passing through the bit or an interposed drilling motor.
  • a valve is provided consisting of a throat 13 carried by the casing part 2 and a plug 14 carried by rod 14a extending from a spider 15 at the lower end of the casing part 1, the plug closing the throat in the extended condition of the casing as shown in FIGURE 2.
  • a spring 16 between the plug and a shoulder 16a on the rod 14a ensures proper closing of the plug against the throat and is sufl'iciently strong to prevent the plug being opened by the upstream circulation pressure.
  • the casing part 1 is provided with three ports 17 for entry of liquid when the drill string is being returned into a bore hole containing drilling mud and rock debris.
  • a filter screen 18 is provided, surrounding and spaced from the casing in the region of the ports 17.
  • the screen may, for example, be an agglomerate of sintered particles of a corrosion resisting metal.
  • the screen is surrounded and protected by a tubular shield 19, spaced from the screen by lower and upper rings of swirl vanes 20 and 21.
  • FIGURE 3 which is a view looking radially at the ends of some of the vanes
  • the lower vanes 20 are shaped to receive axially moving liquid, during lowering of the drill string, and to impart circumferential swirl to it as it enters the space between the filter screen 18 and the shield 19.
  • the upper vanes 21 are shaped to re-direct the liquid axially as it leaves the said space, and it will be understood that these effects are reversed during haul-out of the drill string. This action has two effects, firstly the larger particles of rock debris tend to be centrifuged away from the filter screen, and secondly the velocity of flow over the filter screen is increased, with consequent reduction in the formation of filter cake upon it.
  • the casing parts 1 and 2 are of course telescopically extended, so that the plugging material ports 12 are open, and it is necessary to prevent flow of liquid and rock debris into the drill string from these ports. Since this phase of operation is distinguished by absence of pumping pressure, it is convenient to use for this purpose a valve which opens automatically when pumping is resumed.
  • This valve comprises a throat 22 carried by the upper casing part at a position between the ports 12 and 17 and a plug 23 sliding on an axially directed rod 24 carried by the spider 15.
  • a spring 25 keeps the plug pressed against the throat, except when it is opened by pumping pressure on its upstream side (as shown in FIGURE 1 for the drilling condition).
  • a non-return valve 26 comprising a spherical valve member 26 operating in a throated casing 27 connected to the ports 17 by hollow spider arms 28.
  • the second embodiment shown in FIGURES 4 and 5 comprises a tubular casing composed of an upper part 51 and a lower part 52.
  • the upper part has, at its lower end, an outwardly projecting flange 53 formed with splines to engage corresponding splines 54 on a portion of the internal wall of the lower part 52, axial movement in the extending direction being limited by engagement of the flange 53 with an inwardly projecting flange 55 at the upper end of the lower part 52.
  • Axial movement in the contracting direction is limited by contact of the flange 55 with a shoulder 58 on the upper part.
  • the flange 55 carries a sealing ring 86 sliding on the upper part 53.
  • the casing part 51 is provided with a ring 'of ports 67 which, in the extended condition of the. casing shown in FIGURE 5, provide for passage into the drill string of filtrate from a chamber 78.
  • This chamber 78 is formed between the casing and a surrounding filter screen 68, which is attached at its lower end to the casing part 52 and at its upper end to a collar 69 which carries a sealing ring 87 sliding on a cylindrical surface on the casing part 51.
  • the screen 68 is surrounded and protected, as in the first embodiment, by a tubular shield 69, spaced from the screen by lower and upper rings of swirl vanes 70 and 71.
  • Axially spaced downstream from the ports 67 is a ring of ports 62, for passage of drilling mud loaded with plugging material out into the bore hole.
  • these ports are closed by a valve sleeve 79 connected by a spider 80 to an axially extending rod 81 attached to the upper casing part 51, at a position upstream of the string-filling ports 67, by a further spider 82.
  • the sleeve 79 carries two sealing rings 88 sliding on the inner surface of the lower part 52.
  • a valve comprising a throat 63 and a plug 64 similar to the corresponding parts in the first embodiment, the plug in this case being carried by an extension of the rod 81 which moves with the upper casing part 51.
  • valve automatically opened by pumping pressure, this valve comprising a throat 72 carried by the casing part 52 and a plug 73, which slides on the rod 81 and is urged upwards towards the throat by a spring 75.
  • the stringfilling ports 67 would be open whenever the casing is extended, and therefore during pumping of plugging material, which is not permissible.
  • a sleeve 83 operated by pumping pressure is therefore provided for closing these ports.
  • the sleeve 83 is connected by a spider 84 and a tube 85 to the plug 73, which is also operated in the same direction by pumping pressure.
  • This sleeve 83 carries two sealing rings 89 sliding on the inner surface of the upper part 51.
  • a valve assembly for insertion between a bore hole drilling bit and a drill-string to enable plugging fluid to pass under the action of a pump from the drill-string to the bore hole and to allow liquid to pass from the bore hole to the drill string without passing through the bit, comprising:
  • a tubular casing composed of upper and lower parts connected for transmission of torque, but with freedom to move telescopically to a limited extent, said parts having at least one port for passage of the plugging fluid, and, axially spaced therefrom in the upstream direction, at least one port for flow of liquid from the outside to fill the drill string:
  • first means operatively connected with said casing parts for closing said plugging fluid port when said casing parts are telescopically contracted, and means to stop flow through the plugging fluid port whenever there is no pumping pressure within the casing, to permit flow through said last means being responsive to the pressure of fluid pumped into said casing from above the plugging fluid port from within the casing Whenever simultaneously the casing parts are telescopically extended and there is pumping pressure within the casing;
  • a third valve means in flow relationship with the bore of the casing downstream of the plugging fluid port and operatively associated with the two casing parts to close the bore of the casing downstream of the plugging fluid port on telescopic extension of the casing.
  • pressure fluid responsive means comprises a one-way valve closing the casing bore between the plugging fluid port and the string-filling port, and openable by pumping pressure on its upstream side.
  • An assembly according to claim 7 having an outer tubular shield open at both ends and means holding the shield in position around the filter screen to form with the screen an annular passage through which there is a flow of liquid as the drill string is lowered into the bore hole.
  • An assembly according to claim 8 having swirl vanes provided at at least one end of the annular passage to cause rotary swirl of the liquid flowing through the passage and thus assist Separation of rock debris by centrifugal action and reduce the tendency for filter cake to build up on the filter screen.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
US252970A 1962-01-22 1963-01-21 Drill string valve Expired - Lifetime US3205955A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2280/62A GB1033051A (en) 1962-01-22 1962-01-22 Improvements in oil well drilling equipment

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3205955A true US3205955A (en) 1965-09-14

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ID=9736784

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US252970A Expired - Lifetime US3205955A (en) 1962-01-22 1963-01-21 Drill string valve

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3205955A (en, 2012)
BE (1) BE627369A (en, 2012)
CH (1) CH398473A (en, 2012)
DE (1) DE1184301B (en, 2012)
GB (1) GB1033051A (en, 2012)
NL (1) NL287976A (en, 2012)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3385370A (en) * 1966-06-29 1968-05-28 Halliburton Co Self-fill and flow control safety valve
US3907046A (en) * 1974-12-16 1975-09-23 Gulf Research Development Co Reclosable downhole bypass valve
US3997009A (en) * 1975-01-31 1976-12-14 Engineering Enterprises Inc. Well drilling apparatus
US4072166A (en) * 1975-03-27 1978-02-07 Wladimir Tiraspolsky Valve apparatus for deep drilling
US20040040718A1 (en) * 2002-08-27 2004-03-04 Rhodes R. David Downhole injection system
USRE41979E1 (en) * 2002-02-13 2010-12-07 Frank's Casing Crew And Rental Tools, Inc. Flow control apparatus and method
US10458203B2 (en) * 2016-04-12 2019-10-29 Tejas Research & Engineering, Llc Pressure cycle actuated injection valve
US20210054717A1 (en) * 2019-08-23 2021-02-25 Odessa Separator, Inc. Gas venting in subterranean wells

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1266306A (en, 2012) * 1969-04-22 1972-03-08
CN104389539B (zh) * 2014-11-28 2017-04-26 东营市福利德石油科技开发有限责任公司 深海油井单双向洗井转换工具

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2128352A (en) * 1936-10-20 1938-08-30 Thomas A Creighton Method and apparatus for releasing fluid from drill pipe
US2988145A (en) * 1956-12-03 1961-06-13 Baker Oil Tools Inc Well bore drilling and cementing apparatus
US3005507A (en) * 1957-09-30 1961-10-24 Houston Oil Field Mat Co Inc Fluid by-pass for rotary drill bits

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2128352A (en) * 1936-10-20 1938-08-30 Thomas A Creighton Method and apparatus for releasing fluid from drill pipe
US2988145A (en) * 1956-12-03 1961-06-13 Baker Oil Tools Inc Well bore drilling and cementing apparatus
US3005507A (en) * 1957-09-30 1961-10-24 Houston Oil Field Mat Co Inc Fluid by-pass for rotary drill bits

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3385370A (en) * 1966-06-29 1968-05-28 Halliburton Co Self-fill and flow control safety valve
US3907046A (en) * 1974-12-16 1975-09-23 Gulf Research Development Co Reclosable downhole bypass valve
US3997009A (en) * 1975-01-31 1976-12-14 Engineering Enterprises Inc. Well drilling apparatus
US4072166A (en) * 1975-03-27 1978-02-07 Wladimir Tiraspolsky Valve apparatus for deep drilling
USRE41979E1 (en) * 2002-02-13 2010-12-07 Frank's Casing Crew And Rental Tools, Inc. Flow control apparatus and method
US20040040718A1 (en) * 2002-08-27 2004-03-04 Rhodes R. David Downhole injection system
US6880639B2 (en) * 2002-08-27 2005-04-19 Rw Capillary Tubing Accessories, L.L.C. Downhole injection system
US10458203B2 (en) * 2016-04-12 2019-10-29 Tejas Research & Engineering, Llc Pressure cycle actuated injection valve
US20210054717A1 (en) * 2019-08-23 2021-02-25 Odessa Separator, Inc. Gas venting in subterranean wells
US11788379B2 (en) * 2019-08-23 2023-10-17 Odessa Separator, Inc. Gas venting in subterranean wells

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL287976A (en, 2012) 1900-01-01
BE627369A (en, 2012) 1900-01-01
GB1033051A (en) 1966-06-15
DE1184301B (de) 1964-12-31
CH398473A (fr) 1966-03-15

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