US320539A

US320539A - cattanach

Info

Publication number: US320539A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1885-06-23
Anticipated expiration: 1902-06-23

Description

(-No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

1 .1). GATTANAGH. FURNACE FOR BOILERS. 320.589. Patented June 23, 1885.

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(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

D. D. OATTANAOH.

FURNACE FOR BOILERS. N 0. 320,539. Patented June 23, 1885.

(No Model.) 4 SheetsSheet 3.

D. D. OATTANAGH.

FURNACE FOR BOILERS. No; 320,539. Patente l June 23', 1885.

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D. D. GATTANAOH.

PURNAGE FOR BOILERS. No 320,539. V Patented Ju e 23, 1885..

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DONALD D. CATTAIIACH, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND. a

I FURNACE FOR BOILERS.

5PECIPICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.320,539, dated June 23, 1885.

Application filed March 2'7, 1885.

To all whom it may concern Be it known thabLDONALD D. GATTANACH, a citizen of Great Britain, residing at Provideuce, in the county of Providence and State of Rhode Island, have invented certain new and useful ln'iprovements in Furnaces for Boilers and other Purposes, of which the following is a specification, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to furnaces for boilers and other purposes; and it consists in the construction and arrangement of the parts hereinafter more particularly described, and pointed out in the claims.

The object of my invention is to secure a more perfect combustion of fuel than has heretofore been attained in furnaces of whatever construction, whether air alone, or air and steam commingled, are used and employed to promote combustion, and to utilize the same in the production of heat.

It is well known that with the furnaces heretofore constructed in which air is forced or sucked through the fire'chamber, but an imperfect combustion of the fuel employed has been secured, a large percentage of the gaseous products of combustion passing off unconsumed, and therefore unutilized and wasted. These results are due to the fact that when air alone is used, as in my furnace, it has been introduced either in irregular quantities or under improper conditions. While very good results have been and may be obtained by the use of atmospheric air when introduced into the furnace at the proper place, I have found that a more perfect combustion is secured when the air is introduced into the furnace in regulated quantities and heated before coming in contact with the fuel.

In carrying out my invention, therefore, I have provided means by which I can, under all ordinary circumstances, regulate the quantity of air to be used, secure its introduction into the fire-chamber at the proper place and in the right condition. By so doing I secure uniform and steady heat, more perfect combustion, and thereby a great saving of fuel. My apparatus is simple in construction, readily understood and operated, and economical 111 US6- Having indicated the nature and scope of my invention, I will now proceed to describe (No model.)

the apparatus illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which is a boiler-furnace containing my improvements in the form in which I prefer to use them. In said drawings,wherein like letters of reference indicate similar parts in the several views, Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of a furnace in connection with a boiler. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the grate'bars and connecting-flues,with the top portions of the furnace removed. Fig. 3 is a vertical section, taken on line y y of Fig. 2. Fig. 4c is a front elevation from the rear of the front part of the furnace, with the boiler removed, and showing the arrangement of the vertical feed-pipes in the front of the furnace. Fig. 5 is a front elevation of the furnace,with a section of the front plate removed, and showing the interior of the furnace, and one-half of the magazine thrown back. Fig. 6 is a top plan of a section of the furnace, with the boiler removed and the coal magazine thrown back; and Fig. 7 is a detail view showing the manner of operating the dampers in the front vertical feedpipes.

A represents the smoke stack or flue of the furnace, which is enveloped by a metal cylinder or jacket, A. To the jacket A a pipe, A is attached, which runs to and connects with the blower A", which blower has a pipe, A, leading therefrom and running down to and connecting with a fine, B. The flue B is constructed of four sections of iron plates, B B, on both bottom and top, and is supported by the short pillars b. This flue is built into aportion of the brick-work of the furnace and extends almost across the entire width of the side walls, IV. The fine B runs into a chamber, C, which is surrounded bya bridgewall, D. The rear portion of this flue has right angled extensions B B, extending through the side walls of the furnace and connecting with. the outside atmosphere. The flow of air in through these extensions is regu lated by suitable slides, Z) b", which may be closed or opened to regulate the flow of air therein. Situated immediately in front of the flue B,where it enters chamber 0, is a deflector, C, which extends across the entire width of the said chamber 0, as shown in Fig. 2, and is secured at its sides toa portion of the bridgewall, and at its bottom side to a projection or ISO small bracket, 0. The deflector 0 extends out from the mouth of the flue B, cutting through about midway of the upper part of the chamber 0, extending up far enough to leave a passage over its edge, whereby theair deflected therefrom may beimpinged against the top or hottest portion of the bridge-wall D.

In the lower portion of the bridge'wall D a series of apertures, d, are cut, as shown in Fig. 3, which apertures are opened or closed by the draw-damperD, operated from the outside wall of the furnace.

Secured under the rear portion of the gratebars E, extending downward on an inclineinto the ash-pit, is a metal apron, D which extends across the entire width of said gratebars. These grate-bars, illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5, are constructed of atubular port-ion, e, on the top, and an extension or flange, e, which rests on the usual supporting-bar common in allfurnaces. This tubular top and lower extension-flange are cast integral, and the two combined form asingle grate-bar. The flanged portion 6 extends slightly beyond the tubular portion e in the rear and front, and rests on the bracket extension e, attached to the bridge-wall D and in part to the front wallof the furnace. These bars E extend across the whole under part of the boiler in the same manner as the ordinary grate-bars. The rear portions of the tubular part c of the bars are extended into and through the bridge-wall D by short extension-pipes e, connected by suitable means with the main tube. To the front portions of thesetubes 6, both short and long vertical pipesf andf are connected in the following manner: On the doors F of the furnace the short pipes f are secured by suitable metal straps, and connect with the front part of the grate-tubes c, the end of the lower portion of said pipesf being made of such diametric distance as to fit into the ends of the said gratetubes 0. These pipes f extend vertically upward on the doors, so as to permit of opening the same, and are curved at their upper ends, said ends being slightly flared, so as to impinge the air coming through the same against the frontpart of the fire bed. The longer pipesf. extend upward into a magazine, and are so arranged that they can be turned in any direction. to throw the air over the coal in the magazine G. These pipesf are situated between and on the outer sides of the doors F F, and are also supported by suitable metal straps. These pipes are made separable, as in the lower shorter pipes, at the point f". The magazine G is hinged at g, and when .it is thrown back a portion of the pipesf will be drawn back with it, separating at the division f thereof. These pipesf extend to within a short distance of the top of the magazine, when they are bent over and have flared ends. The magazine G, when closed, rests against the doors opening into the boilerflues, and, if necessary, may be secured to these doors by suitable slide bolts, b. By hinging these magazines they can be thrown back, so that the fines of the boiler or the smoke-flue may be readily cleaned when it is necessary. Coal is fed into this magazine through the port-holes g 9 thereof, said ports being provided with caps or pivoted plates 9" for closing same. The vertical platesff are provided, with dampers f fyas illustrated in Figs. 1 and 7. These dampers are situated in each of-the series of pipes, having suitable small cranks, f joined to a bar, f, whereby they may be closed or opened collectively, as illustrated in dotted linesin Fig. 7. The dampers are arranged in the upper pipes in the same manner as those just described, the bars connecting the cranks of the same being operated from the side of the furnace.

Under the lower portion of the magazine G a suitable feed-pipe, H, is constructed, which is of ordinary construction, and con sists of a bar or rod, 71 extending from one side of the furnace to the other, having mounted thereon a series of ratcheted wheels, 71, which are turned to feed the coal downward by means of a crank on the end of the rod 7: and situated on the outside of the furnace.

Having thus described the mechanical construction of my improved furnace, the operation of the same will be as follows: The fire having been started, and the magazine G filled with a charge ofcoal, the fan or blower A is set in motion by suitable power'appied tte etc. This fan draws in the air from the jacket A, surrounding the stack A, through pipe A and forces it through pipe A into the flue 'B. Passing through the flue B, the current of air strikes the deflector C in chamber 0 and is directed toward the top of the bridge-wall D, where it is heated, a portion passing through the tubular part of the grate-bars E, and, passing through these tubes, enters the short pipes f on the doors of the furnace and the pipes f running up into the magazine G. That portion of the current which flows through the short pipe 1 is directed onto the front part of the firebed of the furnace, while that which flows up through the longer pipes fintothe maga zine G passes down through the charge of coal, permeating the same and collecting the gases contained therein, and flows downward over the fire-bed through the feed mechanism of the magazine. That portion of the air whiclrpasses through apertures b of the lower'part of the bridge-wall D strikes the apron B and, flowing downward, is divided, as indicated by the arrows, a portion striking the under side of the front portion of the grate and a portion running towards the rear of. the same. That portion which strikes the front of the furnace rebounds and flows toward the rear of the grate, and up through the same, thus uniformly diffusing said current under the surface of the entire grate. By having the apron situated and constructed as described the air is deflected, on entering the ash-pit, away from the greatest point of draft at These cranks f are alli the rear of the grate, so that it is not all drawn through or forced to strike one part of the grate and leave the other part unimpinged by the said current. The currents coming through the pipes and up through the grate pass off in a course as indicated by the arrows until they reach the smoke-stack and are carried off into the atmosphere. After the draft of the furnace has been established, the air is permitted to flow into flue Bthrough its extension B", thereby feeding this flue from a source independent of the action of the blower A". By having the air pass through the grate and be diffused under the same, as heretofore described, the parts of the furnace are preserved, as well as a more perfect combustion of the fuel obtained. The air passing up under the grate has no resisting surface, in consequence of the thin flanged extensions of the same, and thereby the tubular bars are surrounded by the air flowing around them. By having the extension on the tubular portion of the grate as described, the part of said tubes which are most likely to burn out are re-enforced and strengthened. Theheatedaironpassingdownthrough the coal in the magazine preparesit for a more perfect combustion by partially coking it, the gases collected therefrom by the heated air being thrown onto the fire-bed and consumed.

By the arrangement of the short pipes on the doors, as described, when they are opened for any purpose, the cold air, which would otherwise rush in on the fire, is heated by the hot air coming through the open joints of the grate-tubes with which the doors connect when closed. The dampers in these pipes are so arranged that the air can be cut off from either the small pipes or longer ones, as desired, or both. By this means the flow of the air above the furnace-bed can be uniformly regulated.

This furnace can be readily adapted for use in heating dwellings with as equal efficiency as in its use for boilers and other purposes.

Other parts have been illustrated in the drawings in connection with my improvements, but these are of the usual form of construction and are well known in the art.

It is obvious that many mechanical changes could be substituted for those shown and described without in the least departing from the nature and principle of my invention.

Having thus described my invention,what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a furnace, the combination of tubular flanged grate-bars, vertical pipes of different lengths attached to said grat e-bars, and a broad flue connecting with a hollow bridge-wall,substantially as described.

2. In a furnace, the combination of tubular flanged grate-bars, a hollow bridge-wall having apertures in the lower portion thereof,and an inclined apron secured to the bridge-wall and in front of the apertures therein,substantially as described,and for the purposes specifled.

3. In a furnace, the combination of tubular flanged grate-bars, a hollow bridge-wall connected with the tubes of said grate-bars, vertical pipes of different lengths connecting with the frontpart of the grate-tubes,and the hinged magazine, substantially as described.

4. In a furnace, the combination of tubular flanged grate-bars, vertical pipes of different lengths attached to said grate-bars, a broad flue connecting with a hollow bridge-wall, a blower connected with this flue, and a jacket encircling the stack and connected with the said blower, substantially as described, and for the purposes specified.

5. In a furnace, the combination, with the hollow flanged grate-bars, of a hollow bridgewall attached to grate-tubes at one end, short and long vertical pipes connected to the other end of said grate-tubes, the separable joints of said pipe, dampers in the same, and ahinged magazine with the coal-feeding mechanism, substantially as described.

6. In a furnace, the combination, with tubular flanged grate-bars having short and long pipes connected therewith at one end and with the hollow bridge-wall at the other, of an inclined apron connected with the bridgewall, a broad flue having rightangled extensions, a deflector in front of said flue, a pipe connecting the flue with the blower, and a cylindrical jacket encircling the s1noke-stack and connected with the blower, substantially as described, and for the purposes specified.

7. In a furnace, the combination of a hinged magazine having vertical tubular pipes registering with tubular gratebars, and means for regulating the flow of air through said pipe, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

DONALD D. GATTANAOH.

Vitnesses:

CHARLES S. H mn, RUSSELL H. SooT'r.