US3201040A - Counting mechanisms - Google Patents

Counting mechanisms Download PDF

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Publication number
US3201040A
US3201040A US330111A US33011163A US3201040A US 3201040 A US3201040 A US 3201040A US 330111 A US330111 A US 330111A US 33011163 A US33011163 A US 33011163A US 3201040 A US3201040 A US 3201040A
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United States
Prior art keywords
ratchet wheel
pawl
annular member
plate
shoulder
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US330111A
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English (en)
Inventor
Tomlin Edward Albert
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NRG Manufacturing Ltd
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NRG Manufacturing Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06M—COUNTING MECHANISMS; COUNTING OF OBJECTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06M3/00—Counters with additional facilities
    • G06M3/02—Counters with additional facilities for performing an operation at a predetermined value of the count, e.g. arresting a machine
    • G06M3/021—Counters with additional facilities for performing an operation at a predetermined value of the count, e.g. arresting a machine with drums type indicating means
    • G06M3/022—Counters with additional facilities for performing an operation at a predetermined value of the count, e.g. arresting a machine with drums type indicating means by subtracting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41L—APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR MANIFOLDING, DUPLICATING OR PRINTING FOR OFFICE OR OTHER COMMERCIAL PURPOSES; ADDRESSING MACHINES OR LIKE SERIES-PRINTING MACHINES
    • B41L39/00—Indicating, counting, warning, control, or safety devices
    • B41L39/02—Indicating devices, e.g. counters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06M—COUNTING MECHANISMS; COUNTING OF OBJECTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06M1/00—Design features of general application
    • G06M1/04—Design features of general application for driving the stage of lowest order
    • G06M1/041—Design features of general application for driving the stage of lowest order for drum-type indicating means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06M—COUNTING MECHANISMS; COUNTING OF OBJECTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06M3/00—Counters with additional facilities
    • G06M3/02—Counters with additional facilities for performing an operation at a predetermined value of the count, e.g. arresting a machine
    • G06M3/025—Counters with additional facilities for performing an operation at a predetermined value of the count, e.g. arresting a machine with dial, pointer, or similar type indicating means
    • G06M3/027—Counters with additional facilities for performing an operation at a predetermined value of the count, e.g. arresting a machine with dial, pointer, or similar type indicating means by subtracting
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06M—COUNTING MECHANISMS; COUNTING OF OBJECTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06M7/00—Counting of objects carried by a conveyor
    • G06M7/02—Counting of objects carried by a conveyor wherein objects ahead of the sensing element are separated to produce a distinct gap between successive objects
    • G06M7/06—Counting of flat articles, e.g. of sheets of paper

Definitions

  • Duplicating machines generally comprise a counting mechanism which can be preset so that the operation of the machine is stopped after a predetermined number of operating cycles. This enables an operator to print or duplicate a selected number of sheets withoutthe necessity of counting or estimating the number of sheets printed by the machine.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide such a counting mechanism with improved means for presetting the number of operating cycles to be carried out by the machine. 0
  • a counting mechanism for a" duplicating or like machine comprising a ratchet wheel adapted to be advanced tooth by tooth upon the completion of each operating cycle of the machine, means controlled by the ratchet wheel for stopping the machine when the ratchet wheel reaches a predetermined zero position, means for setting the ratchet wheel to a selectable initial position, and a releasable adjustable abutment lockable in a preset rotational position, a pawl rotatable with the ratchet wheel being engageable with the abutment for preventing movement of the ratchet wheel'past an initial. adjusted position 'of the abutment.
  • the means for setting the ratchet wheel comprises a movable reference member rotatable with the ratchet wheel relative to a fixedreference member.
  • the fixed reference meinber may comprise a mask having a window displaying reference indicia on a dial comprising the movable reference member although the fixed reference member may comprise adial bearing reference indicia, the movable reference member, which may be in the form of a knob, having an indicator comparable with the dial for showing the number of operating cycles to be completed by the machine.
  • the abutment comprises an annular member rotatable about the axis of the ratchet wheel, a shoulder on the annular member being engageable by the pawl, means being provided for releasably locking the member ina preset rotational position.
  • the annular member carries a projection selectively engageable with recesses provided in a non-rotatable coacting member, an individual recess being provided for each lockable position of the annular member.
  • the recesses may comprise holes in a plate-like coacting member, the projection comprising a pin selectively engageable in the holes by relative axial movement of the annular member and the coacting member.
  • spring-biased means are provided for returningthe ratchet wheel to a preselected position wherein the pawl engages the shoulder;
  • spring-biased means may conveniently comprise a plate parallel with the annular member and rotatable about the axis thereof,
  • This 'cam'surface also acts so that the pawl is only en-- g'ageable' with the abutment provided by the annular ice member when the pawl is rotated-in one direction about the ratchet wheel axis but not when the pawl is rotated in-the opposite direction.
  • the abutment may comprise an annular washer rotatably mounted on a fixed spindle coaxial with the ratchet wheel, a shoulder being provided on the periphery of the Washer. This washer is clampable in a fixed position by a lock nut threaded onto the spindle.
  • the washer preferably has a stepped periphery with a cam surface leading to the vhigh side of the step comprising the shoulder whereby the abutment is effective to act as a stop when the pawl is rotated in one direction about the ratchet wheel axis but not when the pawl is rotated in the opposite direction, the pawl being spring-biased into engagement with the periphery of the washer.
  • FIGURE 1 is a fragmentary side elevational view showing the counting mechanism mounted on the side wall of a duplicator
  • FIGURE 2 is a diagrammatic view partly in cross-section illustrating means for locking an abutment in any one of a plurality of selectable positions;
  • FIGURE 3 is a 'fr'ont elevational view of part of the locking means illustrated in FIGURE 2; 7
  • FIGURE 4 is an exploded perspective view of partof the counting mechanism embodying the present invention but with a modified adjustable stop as compared with the embodiments illustrated in FIGURES 1-3;
  • FIGURE 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the counting mechanism of FIGURE 2.
  • FIGURE 6 is a sectional view taken along the line VI-VI of FIGURE 5.
  • FIGURE there is shown in FIGURE as to have only a slight rotation for every completerevolution of the first ratchet wheel. Also rotatable with the knobs 14, 16 are second and first dials 28 and 26 respectively.
  • the dials 26 and 28 are provided with indicia which show, through a window 18 provided in the mask 17, the number of operations to be carried out by the counting mechanism. Windows 20 are also provided in the mask 17 for facilitating setting of the counting mechanism by an operator.
  • the counting mechanism of the present invention is provided with an adjustable abutment lockable in a preset rotational position.
  • the means for locking this adjustable abutment comprises a pin 24 projecting through a slot 22 in the duplicator wall 12.
  • FIGURE 2 shows this locking device in its unlocked condition.
  • the presetting device comprises an annular member 30 provided with an abutment shoulder 32 engage-- wearing synthetic plastics material with the recesses 38 being arranged in an annular series, there being the-same number of individual recesses 38 as there are teeth on the units ratchet wheel.
  • the annular member is mounted upon a hub 42 which is slidable upon a fixed spindle 44. By this means axial movement of the hub 42 onthe spindle 44 can cause the projection 36 to engage or disengage a recess 38 in the coacting member 40.
  • V This linkage comprises an-annular disc 46 secured to the hub 42 and overlapping the head 48 of a rod 50 slidably .carried in a bore extending through the coacting member 40.
  • the end of the rod 50 remote from its head 48 is pivoted at 52 to a lever 54 which is carried at one end by a fixed pivot 56.
  • the other end of the lever 54 is pivoted at 58 to a rod 60 mounted for sliding movement in a fixedbearing 62.
  • the pin 24, is mounted on a slide 64 which carries a cam surface 66 engageable with a follower pin 68 mounted on the shaft 60.
  • the plate 70 is provided 7 with a projecting shoulder portion 74which is enga-ge able by the pawl 34.
  • a pin 76 is mounted on the'plate 70 to act as a stop engageable with the shoulder 32 to limit rotational movement of the plate 70 relative to the annular member 30.
  • a spiral spring '78 is secured between the annular member 30 and the plate 70 parallel therewith. This spring is arranged tobias the stop 76 against the abutment shoulder 32 of the annular memberin the position as shown in FIGURE 3. Tabs 80 are bent towards the plate 70 from the periphery of the annular member 30 in order-Jo retain the spiral spring within the circumference of the annular member 30.
  • the spacev 82 between the adja-- cent'shoulders 32 and 74 is sufiicient to receive the spring-loaded pawl 34.
  • FIGURE 4 there is shown a counting mechanism which comprises a fixed spindle 100, corresponding with the fixed spindle 44 of the embodiment of FIGURE 2, upon which are rotatably mounted a first ratchet wheel 102 having a hundred teeth, a second ratchet wheel 104 also having a hundred teeth, a hundreds dial 28 rotatable with the second ratchet wheel, a units dial 26 rotatable with the first ratchet wheel, a first setting knob 16 rotatable with the firstratchet' wheel and a second settingknob 14 rotatable with the second ratchet wheel.
  • a presetting pawl washer 106 is rotatably mounted near one end of the spindle between a shoulder 108'on the spindle and a clamp washer-110 non-rotatably but s lidably mounted on the spindle.
  • a presetting pawl washer 106 is rotatably mounted near one end of the spindle between a shoulder 108'on the spindle and a clamp
  • lock nut 112 is mounted on the threaded end portion 114 of-the spindle so as to be engageable with the axially movable clamp washer..110,; whereby upon tightening.
  • the pawl washer 106 may be clamped between the clamp washer 110 and the shoulder 108 on the spindle.
  • a knob 116 may be-mounted on the lock nut 112 to facilitate rotation and tightening of the same.
  • the second ratchet wheel 104 is secured to a hundreds dial disc 28a which in turn is secured to the hundreds dial 28, a counter window member 124 and the second setting knob 14, all these integers being mounted for rotation about the axis of the spindle 100.
  • the hundreds dial disc 28a which in turn is secured to the hundreds dial 28, a counter window member 124 and the second setting knob 14, all these integers being mounted for rotation about the axis of the spindle 100.
  • first ratchet wheel 102 is mounted upon a'units mounting hub 126 to which are secured the first dial 26 and the units setting knob 16.
  • a pawl 118 is mounted upon the hub 126 and is biased by a spring 122 against the periphery of the pawl washer 106.
  • the units dial26 thus comprises a movable reference member which cooperates with a fixed reference member, mask 17, to indicate the position of the first ratchet'wheel 102.
  • the mechanism' is mounted in a duplicating machine with a pawl 200 operable by the duplicating machine drive for advancing the first ratchet wheel 102 by one tooth once during each operating cycle of the duplicating machine.
  • FIGURES 5 and 6 show the pawl 200 to be movable in response to reciprocation of a reoiprocable link 202.
  • the pawl 200 is held in engagement with the first ratchet wheel by a pawl spring 201.
  • This drive which is conventional in counting mechanism and which forms no part of the present invention, comprises a second pawl 204jmounted with the pawl 202 for movement in response tofreciprocation of the link 202.
  • the second pawl is urged towards both ratchet wheels 102' and 104 by a pawl spring 206 but normally engages a surface 208 extending peripherally of the first ratchet wheel 102 and serving to hold the second pawl204 out of engagement with ratchet teeth 210 on the second ratchet wheel.
  • a single notch is provided in the surface 208 which, when engaged by the pawl 204, allows the pawl to engage one of the teeth 210- of the second ratchet wheel 104.
  • a releasable zero pawl 212 may be provided for facilitating adjustment of the second ratchet wheel to its zero position, the zero pawl 212 being cngageablevin a' locating recess 214 in the second ratchet wheel when the A further, shutoff pawl 128, engageable with both ratchet wheels is provided for switching off the duplicating machine drive and stopping the duplicating machine when both ratchet wheels are at the zero position.
  • the shutoff pawl 128 is simultaneouslyengageable with deep notches 216 in bothratchet wheels, these notches corresponding with the zero position of the respective ratchet, wheels, only when both. ratchet wheels are in their zero positions.
  • the shutoff pawl 128 is connected to the duplicating machine drive so as to constitute means for shutting off and stopping the machine upon movement into the deep notches 216 when the ratchet wheels are both in their zero position.
  • a lever 218 is spring biased to urge the shutoff pawl into engagement with the ratchet Wheels and constitutes the connection out of restraining engagement with the ratchet wheels.
  • the first and second setting knobs are set to the number of copies required from the duplicating machine and the machine is then started.
  • the ratchet wheels both reach their zero position and the shut-off pawl 128 engages both deep notches 216 and operates to actuate switch 220 and to stop the machine drive.
  • the adjustable stop provided by the presettable pawl washer or by the stop provided by the presettable pawl washer or by the annular member 30, as the case may be, may be brought into use to facilitate resetting of the counting mechanism after the running off of the required number of copies of each page.
  • the hundreds dial (28) is set to zero and the preset lock is rotated to unclamp the pawl washer 106.
  • the first setting knob 16 is then rotated in the direction opposite to the normal direction of rotation of the ratchet wheel 102 so that the presetting pawl 118 mounted for rotation with the first setting knob 16 rotates into engagement with a stepped shoulder 120 on the pawl washer and rotates the washer until the required number appears in the window 18.
  • the preset knob 116 is then rotated to tighten the lock nut 112 and clamp the pawl washer 106 to the fixed spindle 100.
  • the first setting knob 16 is merely turned back until the reseting pawl 118 re-engages the stepped shoulder 120 of the pawl washer 106.
  • the outer periphery of the pawl washer is formed as a cam surface so that it only engages and retains the presetting pawl when the presetting pawl is moved in one direction against the stepped shoulder.
  • the presetting pawl would merely jump down the stepped shoulder under the action of a spring 122 biasing it against the periphery of the pawl washer.
  • the action of the presetting device of FIGURES 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6 is basically similar to that of the embodiment of FIGURE 4 except that aspring means is provided for automatically returning the counting mechanism to its preset position.
  • the pawl 118 is replaced by the equivalent pawl 34 and the washer 166 by the annular member 30 which is lockable in position by the action of the pin 24 instead of by the lock nut 116.
  • the operator first moves the pin 24 to the position shown in FIGURE 2.
  • the op: erator then rotates the first knob until the units dial 26 indicates the required number of copies in the window 18.
  • the counting mechanism When the first ratchet wheel reaches its zero position the counting mechanism operates in the usual mannerby means of the shut-off pawl 128 to shut-off the duplicating machine, the ratchet wheel is released, and the spring 78, which has been tensioned by the rotation of the plate 70, urges the plate 70 back in a counterclockwise direction until further movement is prevented by engagement of the pin '76 with the shoulder 32 of the locked annular member 30. This back rotation of the pawl 34- automatically resets the first ratchet wheel due to the connection between the pawl and the ratchet wheel.
  • the action of the cam surface 132 on the abutment 32 generally corresponds with the action of the came surface of the outer periphery of the pawl washer 106 shown in FIGURE 4 and ensures that the shoulder 32 only has a one way action to prevent reverse rotation of the pawl 34 and first ratchet wheel 102 past a preset position determined by the particular hole 38 engaged by pin 36, and does not interfere with the forward rotation of the first ratchet wheel.
  • a counting mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the means for setting the ratchet wheel comprises a fixed reference-member and a movable reference member rotatable with the ratchet wheel relative to the fixed reference member.
  • a counting mechanism according to claim 3, wherein the fixed reference member comprises a dial bearing refrence indicia, and the movable reference member comprises a knob having an indicator for showing in cooperation with'the dial the number of operating cycles to be completed by the machine.
  • a counting mechanism for counting the operating cycles of a duplicating machine comprising a ratchet wheel having an axis about which it is rotatable and having teeth about its periphery, the successive teeth being adapted to be advanced upon the completion of each operating cycle forwardly to rotate the ratchet wheel, means controlled by said ratchet wheel for stopping the machine when said ratchet wheel reaches a predetermined zero position, means for setting the ratchet Wheel to a selectable initial position, an annular member rotatable about the axis of the ratchet wheel, means defining a shoulder on said annular member, means for releasably locking said annular member in a preset rotational position with the shoulder in a position corresponding with the initial position of the ratchet wheel, and a pawl rotatable with said ratchet wheel, said pawl being engageable with said shoulder for preventing reverse movement of the ratchet wheel past its initial adjusted position, and said annular member comprising a cam surface on
  • a counting mechanism comprising a non-rotatable coacting member provided with a plurality of recesses, an individual recess being provided for each operable position of said annular member, and a projection provided on said annular member, said projection being selectively engageable with said necesses.
  • a counting mechanism according to claim 7, wherein the coacting member has a plate-like configuration, the recesses consisting of holes in said plate-like coacting member, said coacting member and said annular member being mounted for relative axial movement, and said projection comprises a pin mounted on said annular member and selectively engageable in said holes'by relative axial movement of said annular member and said coacting member.
  • a counting mechanism which comprises spring biased means for returning the ratchet wheel to a preselected position wherein said pawl engages said shoulder.
  • a counting mechanism for a duplicating machine comprising a ratchet wheel having an axis about which it is'rotatable and having teeth about its periphery, the successive teeth being adapted to be advanced upon the completion of each operating cycle of the machine forwardly to rotate the ratchet wheel, means controlled by said ratchet wheel for stopping the machine when said ratchet wheel reaches a predetermined zero position, means for setting the ratchet wheel in a selectable initial position, an abutment comprising an annular member mounted for rotation about the ratchet wheel axis and including means defining a peripheral shoulder, a plate like coacting member mounted for axial movement relative to said annular member, stop means between said plate-like coacting member and said annular member engageable by relative axial movement of the annular member and the coacting member for locking the annular member in a preset rotational position corresponding with the initial position of the ratchet wheel, said stop meanscomprising a pin projectingfrom said annular member and means
  • a counting mechanism according to claim 10, wherein said spring biased means comprises a plate parallel with said annular member and rotatable about the axis thereof, a spring rotatably biasing the plate to a rest position, and second stop means between said annular member and said plate cooperable to define said rest position.
  • a counting mechanism according to claim 11, wherein said plate comprises a shoulder engageable by said pawl.
  • a counting mechanism wherein said annular member comprises a cam surface engageable with said pawl for disengaging said pawl from said plate whereby said plate is permitted to return to said rest position.
  • a counting mechanism for a duplicating machine comprising a fixed spindle, a ratchet wheel mounted for rotation on said spindle, .said ratchet wheel having teeth about its periphery, the successive teeth being adapted to be advanced upon the completion of each operating cycle of the machine forwardly to rotate the ratchet wheel,'means controlled by said ratchet wheel for stopping the machine when said ratchet wheel reaches a predetermined zero position, means for setting said ratchet wheel to a selectable initial position, a washer rotatably mounted on said fixed spindle and having a radially projecting shouldenmeans for releasably locking the washer in a preset rotational position corresponding with the initial position of the ratchet wheel, and a pawl rotatable with said ratchet wheel, said pawl being engageable with said shoulder for preventing rearward movement of said ratchet wheel past its initial adjusted position, said washer comprising a stepped periphery having a cam
  • a counting mechanism which comprises a lock nut threaded on to said fixed spindle, said washer being clampable in a fixed position by said lock nut.
  • a counting mechanism for a duplicating machine adapted to complete a succession of operating cycles, such counting mechanism comprising a first ratchet wheel having teeth about its periphery, the successive teeth being adapted to be advanced upon the completion of each operating cycle of the machine forwardly to rotate said first ratchet Wheel, a second ratchet wheel coaxial with said first ratchet wheel, said second ratchet wheel having teeth about its periphery, the successive teeth of the second ratchet wheel being adapted to be advanced upon the completion of each revolution of said first ratchet wheel forwardly to rotate said second ratchet wheel, means controlled by said ratchet wheels for stopping the machine when both said ratchet wheels reach a predetermined zero position, means for setting said ratchet wheels to a selectable initial position, an abutment mounted for rotational movement about the ratchet wheel axis, means for releasably locking the abutment in a preset rotational position corresponding with the initial position of the first ratchet

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Counters In Electrophotography And Two-Sided Copying (AREA)
US330111A 1962-12-21 1963-12-12 Counting mechanisms Expired - Lifetime US3201040A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB4846962A GB1052639A (en) 1962-12-21 1962-12-21 Improvements in or relating to counting mechanisms

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US3201040A true US3201040A (en) 1965-08-17

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US330111A Expired - Lifetime US3201040A (en) 1962-12-21 1963-12-12 Counting mechanisms

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3641322A (en) * 1969-04-03 1972-02-08 Zindler Lumoprint Kg Presettable counter for copying apparatus
US20230061656A1 (en) * 2019-12-27 2023-03-02 Topjet Technology Co. Ltd. Counting assembly and developing box having same
WO2023146759A1 (en) * 2022-01-25 2023-08-03 West Garden, LLC Palatal expansion device

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1103428A (en) * 1911-07-28 1914-07-14 Title Guarantee & Trust Company Counting-head.
GB170054A (en) * 1920-06-12 1921-10-12 Universal Winding Co Improvements in or relating to automatic indicating and stopping mechanism for machines
US1459435A (en) * 1920-04-16 1923-06-19 Western Electric Co Stop mechanism
US1908626A (en) * 1930-04-04 1933-05-09 Gleason Works Automatic control device
US2116785A (en) * 1934-11-30 1938-05-10 Sf Bowser & Co Inc Repeating meter
DE735999C (de) * 1939-12-08 1943-06-04 Siemens Ag Selbstverkaeufer fuer Elektrizitaet, Gas, Wasser o. dgl. mit Grundgebuehreinzugsvorrichtung
US2665030A (en) * 1950-04-13 1954-01-05 Veeder Root Inc Preselector mechanism for liquid dispensing apparatus
US2868456A (en) * 1952-12-24 1959-01-13 Rotaprint Ltd Control means for printing or duplicating machines
US3112067A (en) * 1959-03-13 1963-11-26 Gamewell Co Electric differential counter

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1103428A (en) * 1911-07-28 1914-07-14 Title Guarantee & Trust Company Counting-head.
US1459435A (en) * 1920-04-16 1923-06-19 Western Electric Co Stop mechanism
GB170054A (en) * 1920-06-12 1921-10-12 Universal Winding Co Improvements in or relating to automatic indicating and stopping mechanism for machines
US1908626A (en) * 1930-04-04 1933-05-09 Gleason Works Automatic control device
US2116785A (en) * 1934-11-30 1938-05-10 Sf Bowser & Co Inc Repeating meter
DE735999C (de) * 1939-12-08 1943-06-04 Siemens Ag Selbstverkaeufer fuer Elektrizitaet, Gas, Wasser o. dgl. mit Grundgebuehreinzugsvorrichtung
US2665030A (en) * 1950-04-13 1954-01-05 Veeder Root Inc Preselector mechanism for liquid dispensing apparatus
US2868456A (en) * 1952-12-24 1959-01-13 Rotaprint Ltd Control means for printing or duplicating machines
US3112067A (en) * 1959-03-13 1963-11-26 Gamewell Co Electric differential counter

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3641322A (en) * 1969-04-03 1972-02-08 Zindler Lumoprint Kg Presettable counter for copying apparatus
US20230061656A1 (en) * 2019-12-27 2023-03-02 Topjet Technology Co. Ltd. Counting assembly and developing box having same
US11852990B2 (en) * 2019-12-27 2023-12-26 Topjet Technology Co., Ltd. Counting assembly and developing box having same
WO2023146759A1 (en) * 2022-01-25 2023-08-03 West Garden, LLC Palatal expansion device
US12440312B2 (en) 2022-01-25 2025-10-14 West Garden, LLC Palatal expansion device

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Publication number Publication date
GB1052639A (en) 1966-12-30
DK108889C (da) 1968-02-19
CH420217A (de) 1966-09-15

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