US3186651A - Crusher - Google Patents

Description

4 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENT OR E. BRIOLINI GRUSHER June 1, 1965 Filed April 12, 1962 E. BRIOLINI June 1, 1965 CRUSHER 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed April 12, 1962 INVENTOR June 1, 1965 E. BRIOLINI 3,186,651

' CRUSHER Filed April 12, 1962 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Fig. 8

INVENTOR A? z o Brio/Kiwi United States Patent 0 1 Claim. Cl. 241-186) The present invention relates to a crusher installation which comprises a rotor formed of discs, while crusher hammers are pivotally connected to said rotor and cooperate with a grate comb fixedly connected to a housing. The material to be crushed is fed to said crusher hammers by means of an inclined charging chute.

Crusher installations of the above mentioned general type are known according to which way the materials are fed into the crusher mechanism from above. With crushers of this type it has been found that, when crushing moist sticky material, deposits form at the entry grate, on the housing wall and on the crusher hammers themselves, whereby the operation of the installation is greatly affected and the installation will become gradually clogged up.

In an effort to overcome this drawback, it has been suggested to wash the respective parts, on which such deposits form, continuously by means of a liquid. However, inasmuch as by such washing operation also the material is at the same time humidified or moistened, considerable energy has to be employed to dry the material after the crushing operation.

In connection with other crushing machines which operate with centrifugal means or pull-in rollers, it has already been suggested to provide feeding means with step-like protrusions on the surface and to arrange such feeding means opposite the centrifuging mechanism or pull-in rollers, while such feeding means is reciprocated by an eccentric. The feeding of moist sticky material into such a device, however, is rather diihcult because a continuous compacting of the material on the horizontal sections of the protrusions occurs in view of said protrusions, and the compacted material will gradually accumulate so that the protrusions can no longer feed the material to the crushing tools thereby greatly affect ing the operation of the installation.

As mentioned above, the present invention concerns a crusher installation which comprises a rotor with a plurality of discs having pivotally connected thereto crusher hammers, and which also comprises a grate comb and feeding means.

The crusher installation according to the present invention is characterized primarily in that the crusher hammers are so arranged with regard to the plane of the grate comb that the circles through which the crusher hammers move during their operation intersect the plane of the grate comb approximately at the horizontal plane containing rotation of the axis of the rotor carrying said hammers. The invention is furthermore characterized in that as feeding means a chute is employed which represents substantially an extension of the grate comb, said grate comb being inclined with regard to the said horizontal plane extending through the axis of rotation of the rotor and located in the vertical direction approximately in the range of the rotor axis.

In this connection it has proved particularly advantageous to arrange the chute preferably at an inclination of 30 and tiltably to mount the chute on a supporting frame by means of links or the like. Preferably, the chute is actuated in a manner known per se by an eccentric. The grate comb is, according to the present invention, detachably connected to a grate comb support and is so designed that it can be pulled out laterally of the crusher housing from the grate comb support. According to a further feature of the invention, each recess of the grate comb between each two adjacent teeth covers one or more circular paths of one or more crusher hammers.

According to another feature of the present invention, the crusher hammers between two adjacent rotor discs are arranged in a plurality of planes offset with regard to each other. An arrangement has been found particularly advantageous according to which an offset arrangement of the crusher hammers is periodically repeated in the direction of rotation of the rotor.

According to a further feature of the present invention, the crusher hammers are symmetrically arranged with regard to their longitudinal axes and taper in a knife-like manner with regard to said longitudinal axes in the direction of rotation or opposite thereto. In order to be able to control the supply of material, a slide or valve is arranged on the crusher housing above the grate comb.

it is an object of the present invention to provide a crusher installation of the above type, which will overcome the above mentioned drawbacks.

It is another object of this invention to provide a crusher installation as set forth in the preceding paragraph, in which the piling up of material or the clogging up by the material, even when employing moist sticky material, will be avoided.

These and other objects and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly from the following speci fication in connection with the accompanying drawing, in which:

FIG. 1 diagrammatically illustrates a longitudinal section through a crusher installation according to the invention, and is generally indicated by line 11 on FIG- URE 2,

FIG. 2 is a plan sectional view of the crusher installation of FIG. 1 with the upper housing portion that confines the rotor and the feed control slide removed and as generally indicated by line 2-2 on FIGURE 1,

FIG. 3 illustrates a development of the rotor showing the offset arrangement thereon of the crusher hammers,

FIG. 4 is a section on line 4-4 of FIG. 3 showing how the hammers are supported on the rotors,

FIG. 5 is a section on line 55 of FIG. 1 and illustrates the detachable connection of the grate comb with the grate comb carrier,

FIG. 6 is a view looking down on the grate comb and its carrier and illustrates the grate comb partially withdrawn from the housing and from the grate comb carrier,

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a hammer,

FIG. 8 is a sectional view and shows the eccentric for vibrating the feed plate.

Referring now to the drawing in detail, the crusher installation comprises a housing 1 having rotatably journalled therein a rotor 3 comprising discs 2 The shaft 4 of said rotor is journalied at both sides in housing 1 and has one end thereof arranged for driving connec- .tion with any suitable prime mover (not shown), whereas the other end of shaft 4 is adapted to be equipped with a fly wheel (likewise not shown) The individual discs 2 are spaced from each other by spacer members 5 and together with the latter are loosely slipped onto a section of shaft 4 of rectangular cross section. The

entire rotor block is secured against axial displacement by suitable clamping means (FIGS. 1-4). The discs 2 have bores 6 uniformly distributed over a pitch circle. Extending through bores 6 are bolts '7 which hold discs 2 together and which have pivotally suspended thereon the crusher hammers 9 for cooperation with the grate comb 8. In this way, said hammers can oscillate in 'Wltll bladedike beater edge 11 (FIG. 7).

is a pendulum-like manner. Mounted oneach bolt 7 between each two adjacent discs 2 is a crusher hammer 9 with a spacer bushing 10, the arrangement being such that said. bushings and hammers are interchangeable. In view of the interchangeability of the spacer members 5 and the spacer bushings it it is possible to mount the hammers 9 in a plurality of rows offset on rotor 3 with regard to each other and to thereby adapt the number of the crusher circles to the respective grate comb. Thus, for instance, all crusher hammers 9 arranged between two adjacent discs 2 may be mounted in ofifset arrangement in two rows distributed over the disc circumference. The crusher hammers 9 are symmetrically designed and in the direction of rotation of the rotor as well as in opposite direction are provided Such anv arrangement makes it possible after wear of the beater edges 11 on one side to employ the beater edges of the other side. The crusher hammers 9 *cooperate with a grate cornb'8 which is arranged in the range'of and, specifically, immediately belowthe horizontal plane extending through the rotor axis. This grate comb 8 is detachably connected to the grate comb support 12 as by bolts 28 in such a way that it canbe laterally removed from the housing 1 without, in contrast to heretofore known devices of the type involved, having to withdrawn a portion of'housing 1.

drawing the comb being numbered 27 in FIG. 6. For

controlling the condition of the crusher hammers 9, an

within the range of the crusher tools 8, 9 to avoid any n accumulation of materials differing from each other as to degree of moisture and as to composition.

The arrangement furthermore comprisesa chute 16 which forms an extension of the grate comb 8 or is parallel thereto and which rests on supporting frame by means of pairs of link members 14 at the upper and lower end of the frame. are by means of link bolts17 connected to an arm 13 of the supporting frame 15. The chute 16 is adaptedto be driven through the intervention of one or two eccentric pull rods 19. One end of rods 19 is through the intervention of a support 20 connected to the chute 16, whereas the other end of rods 19 is connected to an eccentric 21 (FIG. 8). Shaft 22 of the eccentric is rotated by a motor 23 andimparts a reciprocatory move ment upon chute 16., In view of the link means 14, the, reciprocatory movement of the chute has superimposed a movement along an are so that the material will be fed to the grate comb 8 in steps and will be crushed by the crusher hammers 9.

It has been found very advantageous to design the conveyor surface 25 of chute 16 so as to taper toward the housing 1, said conveyor surface 25 being provided with lateral walls 24. Above the grate comb or grate comb support 12, the housing 1 has provided a valve or slide 26 to control the feed of material into the 'crusher.

v This will be 'seen in FIGS. 5 and ,6 with the opening for with- The link members 14 4 sticky materials, which comprises; a housing, a rotor cylindrical in outline and rotatable on a horizontal axis in said housing, a plurality of crusherhammers pivotally supported by and circurnterentially and laterally distributed over said rotor so that. the paths of said hammers during rotation of said rotor will be along circles about the axis of rotation of said rotor, a substantially planar grate comb in said housing stationarily arranged with regard to said rotor for cooperation with said hammers having slots through which said hammers pass, said grate comb being fso positioned, relative to the circular. hammer paths at approximately the I level of a horizontal plane passing through the axis'of rotation of said rotor, said comb having its upper surface inclined upwardly in a direction away from the rotor at an angle of about 30 to the horizontal, a

' charging chute for delivering materials to said-comb and extending substantially parallel to said surface of said grate comb and thus at'an inclination of about 30 to the horizontal, the lower discharge end of said chute being locatednear and above said surface of said grate comb and thus in the region of the level of said horizontal plane passing through the/axis of rotation of said rotor, the spacing between each two adjacent slots of the grate comb being the same as the spacing between laterally adjacent ones of said hammers, each slot receiving at least one hammer, said hammers being distributed about the length and circumference of .the

- rotor in spaced relation according to apattern which repeats, each said hammer in cross section tapering in- Wardly toan edge in both'the front and the back and being substantially symmetrical with respect to a longitudinal axis, a plate-like feed cont-1101 ,valve carried by the housing and extending laterally into said chute and "adjustable toward and away from the bottom of the chute for regulating the rate of movement: of material to the grate comb, a support fixed in the housing, said grate comb being detachably mounted on said support, and said, housing including an opening formed therein aligned with said support and through which said grate comb can be withdrawn when detached from said sup port.

References (ilted by the Examiner UNlTED STATES PATENTS 919,499 14/09 Ulery 241190 973,761 10/10 Cline 24l-190 1,402,199 *1/22 Williams 241195 1,560,766 11/25 Crites 1 241186 2,590,056 3/52 Whitacr'e 24l'-186 X 2,637,502 7 5/53 Bond a 241 1s6 X 2,830,772 4758 Martin 241-490 X 2,858,082 10/58 Berling 24ll86 1 3,010,662 11/61 Johnson 241 190 X 3,028,053 4/62 Brown et a1, 222-55 FOREIGN PATENTS 148,488 4/82 France; 363,470 5/06 France. 1 5 51,500 6/32 Germany.

OTHER REFERENCES l Andreas (German) application A1570III/ 50c, Apr. 26, 6 1956.

"I. SPENCEROVERHOLSER, Primary Examiner.

WILLIAM W. DYER, JR., EVERETTE 1V. KIRBY,

EDWARD J. MICHAEL, Examiners.

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