US3182226A - Reed relay - Google Patents

Reed relay Download PDF

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Publication number
US3182226A
US3182226A US110081A US11008161A US3182226A US 3182226 A US3182226 A US 3182226A US 110081 A US110081 A US 110081A US 11008161 A US11008161 A US 11008161A US 3182226 A US3182226 A US 3182226A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
control
magnetic
coil
reeds
reed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US110081A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jr Robert Lee Peek
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AT&T Corp
Original Assignee
Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to FR1332007D priority Critical patent/FR1332007A/fr
Priority to NL278456D priority patent/NL278456A/xx
Application filed by Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc filed Critical Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc
Priority to US110081A priority patent/US3182226A/en
Priority to JP1922362A priority patent/JPS401885B1/ja
Priority to GB16941/62A priority patent/GB999517A/en
Priority to DEW32209A priority patent/DE1195867B/de
Priority to BE617572A priority patent/BE617572A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3182226A publication Critical patent/US3182226A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H67/00—Electrically-operated selector switches
    • H01H67/22—Switches without multi-position wipers
    • H01H67/24—Co-ordinate-type relay switches having an individual electromagnet at each cross-point
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/27—Relays with armature having two stable magnetic states and operated by change from one state to the other
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q3/00—Selecting arrangements
    • H04Q3/0008—Selecting arrangements using relay selectors in the switching stages
    • H04Q3/0012—Selecting arrangements using relay selectors in the switching stages in which the relays are arranged in a matrix configuration

Definitions

  • the electronically operable relays described in the above-named applications employ remanent magnetic control members to provide the magnetic eld which actually operates the contacts or" a reed switch.
  • the control men ber is characterized by a substantial magnetic retentivity, so that after the cessation of a short pulse applied to a control coil it remains in one of its plurality of stable magnetization states. lt is apparent that successful operation of such devices is critically dependent on the establishlnent of the requisite remanent magnetization states by the energizing pulse.
  • the magnetic field of the control coil encompassing one remanent member is suiiiciently strong to affect the magnetic state of another remanent member, even though the second member be strongly biased by a permanent magnet.
  • the stray field may in some instances be sumcient to cause a reversal of the desired relay action.
  • Nonmarginal positive action is meant the operati-on or release of the relay contacts under the iniiuence of the electrically controllable eld of the remanent magnetic members rather than mechanically by the spring tension of one or both of the contacts.
  • nonmarginal operate or release is meant the independence of the relay action of the magnitude of the control pulses, provided the energy of such pulses exceeds a certain minimum value.
  • One such nonmarginal positive action relay is disclosed in my aforementioned copending application Serial No. 847,919 and comprises a pair of remanently magnetic control members and a pair of control windings individually associated therewith. A device of this type is inherently nonpolar, i.e., the switching action is dependent,
  • an object of this invention to provide an electrically operable polarized locking relay having ICC nonmarginal positive action in both the operate and the release functions.
  • An additional object of the invention is to provide an electrically operable polarized transfer relay having nonmarginal positive action.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a coordinate switching matrix in which positive nonmarginal operate and release of any crosspoint may be achieved independently of the status of the other crosspoints in the array.
  • a reed switch having a pair of magnetically operable contacts, a pair of .magnetically retentive control members, a pair of control windings individually associated with the control members, and a diode or other rectifying means.
  • control windings are adapted to produce opposing magnetic fields of substantially equal magnitudes when energized by currents of like polarity.
  • control windings are serially connected.
  • lt is a further feature of the invention that the diode is connected in parallel with one of the control windings, thereby providing a shunt path around that winding for currents of one polarity.
  • the reed switch contacts of the illustrative embodiment are operated by a short current pulse of the polarity which flows through one of the control windings and through the diode shunt path around the ⁇ second control winding.
  • the switch contacts are released by an elcctronic current pulse of opposite polarity which passes serially through both control windings, thereby generating opposing magnetic ields of like intensity.
  • FIG. l depicts one specific embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 depicts a transfer relay embodying the principles of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 depicts schematically a switching matrix in accordance with the principles of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 a reed switch having an envelope 1t), as of glass, with terminals 11 sealed into the opposite ends thereof.
  • Reeds 12 and 13 which in the illustrative embodiment function as control members in addition to acting as switch contacts, are of a material characterized by a plurality of stable remanent magnetization states, and are attached to the terminals lli so that their free ends overlap near the center of envelope 1?.
  • Reeds 12 and 13 are separately encompassed by control windings 16 and 17, respectively.
  • a soft magnetic shunt member 19, snown in schematic form, is situated adjacent the envelope l@ in the region where the free ends of the renranent reeds 12 and 13 overlap.
  • the coils 16 and 17 are wound and connected so that when both are energized by currents of like polarity the magnetic fields produced along the axis of the envelope 1t) are in opposition. More specifically, the control coils 16 and i7 in the illustrative embodiment shown in FIG. l are oppositely wound and serially connected. In accordance with the invention a diode i8 is connected in parallel with the coil 17, thereby forming a shunt path around the coil 17 for currents of one polarity. More aisance el? particularly, the diode lli in FlG. l forms a shunt path for positive currents. Thus, negative currents applied to the control circuit flow through both windings lo and 17, while positive currents flow through winding lo but Vare shunted around winding .7.
  • control windings llo and 17 are adapted to produce opposing magnetic lields of substantially equal magnitude. While it is not necessary that the intensities of the two fields be exactly equal, there is a definite limit to the ditference which may exist between them.
  • the limit on the differential which is consistent with the invention is determined principally by the geometry of the relay. That is, the difference must be less than the magnitude of the field of either coil which is just adequate to switch the magnetic state of the free end of reed encompassed by the other. If it be assumed that the forward resistance of the diode ld is zero while the reverse resistance is infinite, then the number of turns in the coil lo is, m st advantageously, equal to the number in the coil 17.
  • the departure of the diode from this ideal may be compensated by an appropriate diiierence in the turns ot each coil.
  • the positions of the coils lr6 and i7 may be axially shited with respect to the reeds l2 and 13 so that the overlapping contact portions thereof coincide with the region in which the opposing magnetic fields electively cancel each other.
  • the reed l2 assumes a stable state of remanent magnetization of the same sense as the existing magnetization of the reed i3.
  • the overlapping tree ends of the reeds 12 and 13 are of magnetically opposite polarity and the switch contacts assume the closed or operated condition.
  • both the operate and release actions of a relay in accordance with the invention are nomarginal. That is, while there is a current pulse amplitude below which the condition of the switch contacts will not be changed, the control pulse may exceed this amplitude by any amount without causing a reversal of the change produced initially. This is so because when a release pulse is appliedto the control circuit to magnetize the reeds in opposition, the same amount of current llows through both coils lo and l. Since the opposing magnetic fields are of substantially equal intensity, it is not possible for the rield of one coil to affect the magnetizationV state of the reed encompassed by the other coil.
  • the :flux lines of the opposing elds complete a magnetic circuit by flowing through the sott magnetic shunt member i9, and thence through an air return path or through a return path member not Vv'l en the current exceeds a certain amount the remanent magnetic state ot Vthe reed l?. is switched and the free ends of the reeds close due to mutual magnetic attraction of unlike poles. It the magnetic lield is in excess of the minimum required to operate the contacts, the operate action is even more positive.
  • Eoth the operate and release actions of a relay embodying the invention are positive. That is, the opening and closing of the switch contacts is eliected by the mutual attraction or repulsion of the magnetic poles at the juxtaposed free ends ot the reeds and not by theV mechanical stiffness of the reeds. Furthermore, because ol the remanent magnetization of the reeds in the embodiol El@ l, the contacts remain locked in either the operated or released condition after the cessation of the control current.
  • ln FlG. 2 there is shown a transfer relay in accordance withthe invention and comprising two reed switches of the type described above. is individually encompassed by one of two control windings while a single control winding encompasses the other reed of each pair. More specifically, reeds 22 and 215iare encompassed Vby control coils 27 and 28, respectively, while reeds 2.3 and 26 are both encompassed by coil 29.
  • Coil 27 is connected in 'series with coil 2S which in turn is connected in series with coil 29. Coils 27 and 2h are so wound and connected that, were the same current to iiow through both of them they would produce oppositely directed axial fields. However, diode 3l is connected in parallel with coil 227, providing a shunt path therearound for negative currents. ln like manner, diode 32 is connected in parallel with coil 2.8, providing a shunt path therearound for positive currents.
  • each switch ticular a plurality of relays of the type shown in FIG. 1 may be arranged in a coordinate switching matrix as illustrated in FIG. 3, in which corresponding parts are designated by the same reference with subscripts appropriate tothe coordinates of the crosspoint.
  • One end of the control circuit of each relay is connected to a horizontal or H lead, while the other end is connected, through a current blocking diode 40, to a vertical or V lead.
  • each shunting diode 1% is connected to a second vertical or V lead.
  • control members may comprise magnetically retentive sleeves surrounding the reeds as shown in United States Patent 2,877,316 of R. L. Peek, Ir.
  • These sleeves may be magnetized in aiding or opposing senses in the same way as the reeds shown in the drawings, and will then produce either aiding or opposing fields in the reeds which they enclose, so that these reeds will make contact with aiding fields, and open their contact when the fields are opposing.
  • Other variations of the invention are possible and may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from its scope and spirit.
  • a polar locking relay having positive nonmarginal operate and release action, comprising a reed switch unit having a pair of remanent magnetic control members, a rst control coil encompassing one of said control members, a second control coil encompassing the other of said control members, said coils being serially connected and adapted to produce substantially equal but oppositely directed magnetic fields when energized by a control current, and asymmetrically conducting means connected in parallel with one of said coils.
  • control members comprise a pair of remanent magnetic sleeves individually encompassing the reeds of said reed switch unit.
  • a polar locking relay having positive nonmarginal operate and release actions, comprising a reed switch unit having tir-st and second remanent magnetic reed members cantilevered from opposite ends thereof, said reed members having juxtaposed Contact portions near the center of said unit, a iirst control coil encompassing one of said reed members, a second control coil encompassing the other of said reed members, said control coils being connected in series and adapted to produce oppositely directed magnetic iields of substantially equal intensity when energized by a control current, and asymmetrically conducting means connected in parallel with one of said control coils.
  • a polar locking transfer relay having positive nonmarginal operate and release actions, comprising first and second reed switch units each having a pair of remanent magnetic control members, a iirst control coil encompassing one control member of said irst switch, a second control coil encompassing one control member of said second switch, a third control coil encompassing the other control member of said first switch and of said second switch, rst and second asymmetrically conducting means connected in parallel with said first and second control coils, respectively, said nst asymmetrically conducting means providing a shunt path around said first coil for currents of one polarity, said second asymmetrically conducting means providing a shunt path around said second coil for currents of the other polarity, said iirst, second and third coils being connected in series, said irst coil being adapted to produce a magnetic eld opposing that of said third coil when energized by control currents of one polarity and said second coil being adapted to produce a
  • a polar locking transfer relay as in claim 5 Wherein said remanent magnetic control members comprise the reeds of said switch units.
  • control members comprise remanent magnetic sleeves individually encompassing the reeds of said switch units.
  • a coordinate control switching matrix comprising a plurality of horizontal conducto-rs, a plurality of pairs of vertical conductors, and a plurality of switches at the crosspoints thereof, each switch comprising a reed switch unit having a pair of remanent magnetic control members, a ii-rst control coil encompassing one of said members, a second control coil encompassing tbe other of said members, said coils being serially connected and adapted to produce substantially equal but oppositely directed magnetic fields when energized by a control current, means including a irst asymmetrically conducting means connecting said rst coil to one vertical conductor at the crosspoint, means connecting said second coil to the horizontal conductor at the crosspoint, and means including a second asymmetrically conducting means connecting said iirst and second coils to the other ot' said vertical conductors at the crosspoint.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Switches That Are Operated By Magnetic Or Electric Fields (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
US110081A 1961-05-15 1961-05-15 Reed relay Expired - Lifetime US3182226A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1332007D FR1332007A (xx) 1961-05-15
NL278456D NL278456A (xx) 1961-05-15
US110081A US3182226A (en) 1961-05-15 1961-05-15 Reed relay
JP1922362A JPS401885B1 (xx) 1961-05-15 1962-02-15
GB16941/62A GB999517A (en) 1961-05-15 1962-05-03 Improvements in or relating to electromagnetic relays
DEW32209A DE1195867B (de) 1961-05-15 1962-05-05 Selbsthaltendes, impulsgesteuertes Schutzrohr-Kontaktrelais und Verwendung desselben in einer Koordinaten-Steuermatrix
BE617572A BE617572A (fr) 1961-05-15 1962-05-11 Relais à lames.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US110081A US3182226A (en) 1961-05-15 1961-05-15 Reed relay

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3182226A true US3182226A (en) 1965-05-04

Family

ID=22331132

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US110081A Expired - Lifetime US3182226A (en) 1961-05-15 1961-05-15 Reed relay

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3182226A (xx)
JP (1) JPS401885B1 (xx)
BE (1) BE617572A (xx)
DE (1) DE1195867B (xx)
FR (1) FR1332007A (xx)
GB (1) GB999517A (xx)
NL (1) NL278456A (xx)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3244942A (en) * 1962-07-16 1966-04-05 Clare & Co C P Bistable relay circuit
US3312967A (en) * 1964-05-12 1967-04-04 Levine George Alternating current electrical load monitoring device
US3314029A (en) * 1963-01-03 1967-04-11 Allen Bradley Co And type reed switch control
US3413526A (en) * 1965-09-10 1968-11-26 Allen Bradley Co Relay flip-flop employing multiple magnetic flux sources
US3435417A (en) * 1965-08-04 1969-03-25 Sylvania Electric Prod Electronic switching system

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2529118A (en) * 1945-07-18 1950-11-07 Autophon Ag Double-acting rectifier arrangement cooperating with at least one alternating current-excited electromagnet, particularly an electromagnetic relay
US3005072A (en) * 1959-10-22 1961-10-17 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electrically controlled switching device
US3029369A (en) * 1958-08-05 1962-04-10 Honeywell Regulator Co Electrical apparatus

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1059516B (de) * 1958-08-27 1959-06-18 Siemens Ag Schrittweise schaltender Waehler mit Schutzrohrkontakten
NL251583A (xx) * 1959-10-22

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2529118A (en) * 1945-07-18 1950-11-07 Autophon Ag Double-acting rectifier arrangement cooperating with at least one alternating current-excited electromagnet, particularly an electromagnetic relay
US3029369A (en) * 1958-08-05 1962-04-10 Honeywell Regulator Co Electrical apparatus
US3005072A (en) * 1959-10-22 1961-10-17 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electrically controlled switching device

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3244942A (en) * 1962-07-16 1966-04-05 Clare & Co C P Bistable relay circuit
US3314029A (en) * 1963-01-03 1967-04-11 Allen Bradley Co And type reed switch control
US3312967A (en) * 1964-05-12 1967-04-04 Levine George Alternating current electrical load monitoring device
US3435417A (en) * 1965-08-04 1969-03-25 Sylvania Electric Prod Electronic switching system
US3413526A (en) * 1965-09-10 1968-11-26 Allen Bradley Co Relay flip-flop employing multiple magnetic flux sources

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE617572A (fr) 1962-08-31
NL278456A (xx)
DE1195867B (de) 1965-07-01
JPS401885B1 (xx) 1965-02-01
GB999517A (en) 1965-07-28
FR1332007A (xx) 1963-12-16

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