US3181682A - Proportional spacing mechanism control for typewriters - Google Patents

Proportional spacing mechanism control for typewriters Download PDF

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Publication number
US3181682A
US3181682A US250587A US25058763A US3181682A US 3181682 A US3181682 A US 3181682A US 250587 A US250587 A US 250587A US 25058763 A US25058763 A US 25058763A US 3181682 A US3181682 A US 3181682A
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Prior art keywords
stop
carriage
fraction
switch
input
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US250587A
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English (en)
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Elsner Hans
Behr Walter
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Olympia Werke AG
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Olympia Werke AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J19/00—Character- or line-spacing mechanisms
    • B41J19/18—Character-spacing or back-spacing mechanisms; Carriage return or release devices therefor
    • B41J19/34—Escapement-feed character-spacing mechanisms
    • B41J19/50—Electromagnetically-controlled escapements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J19/00—Character- or line-spacing mechanisms
    • B41J19/18—Character-spacing or back-spacing mechanisms; Carriage return or release devices therefor
    • B41J19/34—Escapement-feed character-spacing mechanisms
    • B41J19/58—Differential or variable-spacing arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J19/00—Character- or line-spacing mechanisms
    • B41J19/18—Character-spacing or back-spacing mechanisms; Carriage return or release devices therefor
    • B41J19/60—Auxiliary feed or adjustment devices
    • B41J19/64—Auxiliary feed or adjustment devices for justifying

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a proportional spacing mechanism control arrangement for typewriters which have a plurality n of selectable and electromagnetically operable stop means for stopping after each key operation the typewriter carriage in a position spaced from the preceding position by a variable multiple i of a predetermined fraction a/rz of the standard carriage step a in proportion to the type width of the character printed upon such a key actuation.
  • the standard carriage step a has a length determined by the standard spacing of the teeth of the rack bar of the escapement mechanism of a standard typewriter.
  • the stop means mentioned above comprise a plurality of mechanical stops which are arranged to engage when in stopping position, any one of the teeth of a toothed bar .arranged along the typewriter carriage, the latter being urged by a spring or the like in a direction so chosen that the above mentioned teeth tend to abut against any one of the mechanical stops that is in stopping position. It is possible to arrange matters so that at any time only one selected stop is in stopping position. However, it is preferred to use a plurality of mechanical stops which are normally all in stopping position and to withdraw electromagnetically those stops of the series thereof which are not needed or desired for stopping the typewriter carriage so that a tooth of the toothed bar of the carriage will abut against the first one of the remaining not withdrawn mechanical stops.
  • one embodiment of the invention relates to typewriters having a plurality n of selectable and electromagnetically operable stop rneans for stopping after a key operation the typewriter carriage in a position spaced from the preceding position by a variable multiple 1' of a predetermined fraction a/n of the standard carriage step a in proportion Patented May 4, 1965 to the type width of the character printed upon such key actuation, and furnishing with each individual key actuation an electrical stop actuating pulse for operating, and preferably withdrawing respectively selected stop means, a plurality of input means for receiving said stop actuating pulses and respectively associated with different multiples of the fraction a/ n of the standard carriage step; multipole distributor switch means cyclically movable in synchronism with the carriage movement through a plurality of positions respectively corresponding in sequence to
  • the stop means comprise a plurality of mechanical stops of which at the given moment a required number is electromagnetically withdrawn from the stopping position
  • the energized stop withdrawing electromagnets must be kept in energized condition until the involved tooth of the above mentioned toothed bar of the carriage has abutted against the first one of the not withdrawn mechanical stops. Since the time required for this movement is very brief it is entirely sufficient to provide for this purpose conventional electric means delaying the return of the energized electromagnet to deenergized condition, as for instance circuit means comprising capacitors, chokes, resistors and/or transistors, particularly low pass filters, oscillator circuits or monostable multivibrators with or without time control.
  • the number of withdrawable stops must be so chosen that there is one more stop than are required for stopping the carriage in a position spaced from the preceding position by a multiple of the predetermined fraction ranging up to so that even when all the stops corresponding to steps up to the just mentioned maximum are withdrawn, still one stop would normally remain in stopping position.
  • FIG. 1, actually composed of FIGS. la and lb with common connecting points a, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, is a schematic circuit diagram of a control arrangement according V ploded view of the components of the distributor switch according to FIGS. 2 and 5;
  • FIG. .5 is a plan view in direction of the arrow A in FIG. 3 of the movable member 23 in assembled position on the stationary member 21 of the distributor switch;
  • FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic, fractional elevation at a large scale of a portion of the stop mechanism of the typewriter; and 7 FIG. 7 is a diagrammatic three-dimensional view of the electromagnet means controlling the mechanical stops.
  • buttons 10 are symbolically illustrated by buttons 10, only a small selection of these keys being shown as being assigned to the characters 1, Q, A, 2, Y,
  • two space keys S and Sp serve to causethe typewriter carriage to' carry out a step movement in the magnitude of three or four'step units a/n.
  • Each of the keys 10 actuates two switches 10' and 10" which are normally in the illustrated open position.
  • Each switch 10 connects whenin closed position the negative pole of a source of electric energy via bus bar 11 with the pertaining one of a plurality of type lever actuating or selecting electromagnets 32 the other end whereof is connected to a bus bar 16 leading to the positive terminal of the source of energy as will be described further below.
  • the second switch 10" of the pair thereof connects, when in closed position, simultaneously with the other switch 10 or .with a slight delay thereafter, the positive potentialof a bus bar 12 via a diode 13 with another bus bar 14 from which this 'positive potential is'applied to the emitter of a transistor 15 the collector of which is connected with the above men I tioned bus bar 16.
  • the transistor 15 is rendered conductive so that now the positive potential of the base of the transistor 15 is applied to the particular electro magnet 32 associated with the actuated typewriter key 10.
  • This rocking member is then moved to drive the selected type lever action by the energization 'of the multiple electromagnet 33shown in FIG; 1b as, composed of. four electromagnet portions connected in parallel for'being energized by another transistor 35'which is rendered conductive via a delay device 34 when the transistor 15 is The above-mentioned rocking;
  • the selector switches 18 are jointly moved from the illustrated normal position by actuation of a spacing control member in the direction of the arrow x into second or third position which correspond to possibly desired additional spacing between printed characters so that upon actuation of the spacing control the step of the carriage after the printing of a character would be increased by one or more fractional step units a/n beyond the step required for moving the carriage an amount substantially'e'qual to the actual width of the character printed.
  • the stop actuating pulse receivedfrom a particular switch 17 is transmited by one or the other of the movable arms of the pertaining selector switch 18 to a predetermined one of the plurality of bus bars 19.
  • Each of these bus bars'19 is assigned, to a correspondingly different one of the multiples of the fractional step unit a/n; for
  • bus bar 19 is associated'with a'step of the magnitude 2a/n while the bus bar 197'iS assigned to a step ofthe magnitude 'Za/n.
  • the actuation of the spacing control will shift the movable contact member of the selector switches 18 into their second or third position whereby the respective pulses are taken to bus bars assigned to carriage steps which exceed the magnitude of the normal step associated with a particular letter by one or more of the above-mentioned fractional unit steps.
  • FIG. 111 it is to be borne in mind that the stop actuating pulses intended to produce carriage steps of a magnitude varying between two and seven fractional unit steps are received from the above described input means at the points 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, respectively, at the lefthand upper corner of FIG. lb. From these points input lines are taken to a corresponding number of input terminals of a multipole distributor switch 20 illustrated in FIG. 1b only diagrammatically in a simplified version thereof, but explained in greater detail further below in reference to FIGS. 2 to 5. In FIG. 1b particular input terminals are not shown but they may be considered as being constituted by a series of sliding contacts 21 to 21' angularly spaced from each other at equal intervals along a circular arc.
  • Each of the contacts 21' to" 21 ⁇ is respectively connected with the respectively adjacent or consecutive one in said series thereof via diodes 22 so that a stop actuating pulse applied from any one of the input points 2-7 is taken not only to the input terminal or sliding contact 21' having the same index as the particular input point but also to those input terminals or sliding contacts 21 which have a lower index.
  • a pulse from the input point 2 is applied simultaneously to the sliding contacts 21 and 21 or a stop actuating pulse from the input point 6 is taken not only to the sliding contact 21 but also to the sliding contacts 21' 21' 21 and 2l'
  • the pulses received from the individual input points 2-7 cannot reach sliding contacts 21' identified with a respectively higher index.
  • the sliding contact 21' is purposely not connected with any one of the inputs but is only provided because in the example described the standard carriage step a is divided into eight fractional unit steps.
  • Eight switch contacts 23/ to 23' are arranged also angularly spaced at even intervals along a circular are so as to be able to cooperate with or to engage the sliding contacts 21 to 21' respectively, in each of the various positions which a rotary portion of the distributor switch 20 carrying the switch contacts 23' 23' may assume during rotation in the direction of the arrow z.
  • the dilferent positions of the distributor switch 2%) are angularly spaced from each other in proportion to carriage steps of the magnitude of the predetermined fraction a/n of the standard carriage step a.
  • the rotary member of the distributor switch 2t) carrying the switch contacts 23'; to 23' carries also a corresponding number of eight slip rings 26 to 26 each being connected by a corresponding line 27 with the switch contacts 23 to 23' respectively, carrying the corresponding index.
  • a sliding contact 21" to 21, respectively is provided from which connections are taken to the electrical circuits respectively associated with and controlling the electromagnets 31 to 31 respectively, as illustrated in the right hand portion of FIG. lb.
  • Transistors 3% to 30 respectively are connected between the justmentioned electrornagnets and the corresponding sliding 6 contacts 21" to 21" respectively.
  • the remote terminal of each of the electromagnets 31 to 31 is connected to a common lead taken to the negative terminal of the above mentioned source of electric energy.
  • a pulse from the input point 2 will find a path through input terminals 21' and 21 switch contacts 23' and 23' slip rings 26 and 26 and sliding contacts 21" and 21" to the transistors 30 and 30 and electromagnets 31 and 31
  • the above-mentioned mechanical stops of the stop means would be set thereby in such a manner that the typewriter carriage can carry out a forward step of a magnitude equal to two of the abovementioned fractional unit steps.
  • the mechanical stops 45 to 45 are arranged in staggered positions in the path of the toothed bar 43 of the typewriter carriage which in a well known manner is continuously urged in the direction of the arrow so that at a given moment the shoulder of one of the teeth of the bar 43 tends to abut against one of the tips of the stops 45 to 45 which is urged by the corresponding spring 48 into stopping position as shown particularly for the stop 45;, while other ones of the stops may be withdrawn from stopping position as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the above-mentioned electromagnets 31 to 31 may be arranged to act directly on the corresponding stops 45 to 45 so as to withdraw the particular stop when the particular electromagnet is energized.
  • the individual electromagnets 31 -31 move when energized a selector bar 4-6 to 46 respectively associated with the stops 45 to 45 into a longitudinally shifted position in which an armature 47 of the stop withdrawing electromagnet 37 deflects the longitudinally shifted selector bar or bars downwardly so that the respectively associated stop 45 to 45 is thereby withdrawn from its stopping position.
  • the electromagnet 37 is shown in FIG. 1b and is energizable by a transistor 38 the base of which is connected via a resistor R to a source of positive potential.
  • a positive pulse of higher potential may be applied to its emitter for instance by the closing of a switch 3% which, as mentioned above, will be closed by the movement of the rocking member 36 as soon as the electromagnets 33 of the type lever actuating arrangment are energized.
  • delay means must be provided in relation to each individual one of the electromagnets 31 to 31 e.g. capacitors 48 connected in parallel with the respective electromagnet, as indicated in broken lines in FIG. 1b.
  • a double-pole switch 41 is provided one arm 41' of which is connected between a source of positive potential and the emitters of all the transistors 30 to 3% across a re-' switch arm'41 reaches its circuit closing position slightly 7 later than the switch arm 41'.
  • the electromagnets' 31 to 31 directly move the stops 45 into withdrawn position and therefore the electromagnet 37 and transistor 38 is not provided, then the switch 41 does not have to include the second switch arm 41".
  • the switch 41 may be arranged to be actuated when ever the carriage return key of the typewriter is actuated. If the typewriter is also equipped with means for tabulating then the switch 41 may also be actuated by the tabu lator key which causes a return run of the carriage' In either case, actuation of the switch 41 as described will cause all the electromagnets 31 to 31 and, if. present,
  • a shaftv 25 is rotatably supported at the center of the member. 21 and is held at its opposite end by a bearing plate 24' assembled with the member 21 as illustrated by FIG. 2.
  • the shaft 25 carries" the rotatable portion 23 which is'provide'd at its surface facing the interior of the member 21 with eight slip rings 261' to 26 which are insulated from each other. Since the slip rings 26 to 26 have to cooperate with the above mentioned sliding contacts 21" to 21" respectively,.the individual slip rings are so arranged relative to the center of the member 23 that the individual sliding contacts 21" to 21" will slide along the respectively associated slip rings.
  • switch con-t acts 23 to 23' are arranged in such a manner that they can be engaged in the various positions of the member 23 by the above mentioned sliding contacts 21 TO 21 3. 7
  • a gear 24 is also attached to the shaft 25 as illustrated.
  • the distributor switch .20 is to be, mount-ed within the typewriter in such a manner that the gear 24 meshes with the conventional toothed bar or rack carried by the typewriter carriage so that every movement of the carriage 'is transmitted by the gear 24 to the rotatable member 23 small, and since,.on the other hand, the various sliding 1 contacts must be constructed with sufficient strength and therefore require space and also a sufii'cient spacing be-' tween each other, the diameter of the rotatable member 23 must be chosen comparatively large.
  • the rotatable member 23 of the switch 20 is provided, difierent from the showing in FIG. 1b, with a plurality of groups (seven groups in the illustrated example) of switch contacts 23 to 23' each group of these switch contacts being connected by leads 27 with the slip rings 26 'to 26 respectively associated with the switch contacts of that 1' group, as can be 'seen from FIG. 5.
  • Each group of the switch con-tacts23' to 23' operates independently of the other groups in the same manner as has been described contacts across a diode 22 with the sliding contact 21 t Consequently, current flowing'through switch '41"when.
  • FIGS. 25 a cal construction of the multipole distributor switch 201is given
  • FIGS. 25' the same numerals are applied to the electrical components which have been used .
  • FIG. 1b for the diagrammatic illustration of the switch'20r f
  • the sliding contact 21' is not shown in FIG. 4.
  • the stationary portion 21'further carries on its inside the sliding'contacts 211/1 to 21",; at respectively different
  • the operation of the arrangement accordingto the invention as described above is as follows; it may be assumed that the typewriter'carriage and correspondingly the rotatablemember 23 of the distributor switch 20 is in the position illustrated by FIG. 1b. Consequently, the sliding contact 21' is connected in the above-described manneriwith the electromagnet 31 the respectively asso-- ciated stop 45 being in stopping. position so that the shoulder of one of the teeth of the.
  • next movement of the carriage will not start from a position in which the shoulder of the above mentioned tooth of bar 43 abuts against stop 45 but from a position in which this shoulder abuts against tooth 45;.
  • next character to be typed is the letter f so that the stop actuating pulse is applied to the bus bar 1 9 and from there via connection point 2 to the input terminal or sliding contact 215, then the stop actuating pulse will find a path via sliding contact 21' and 2'1' switch contacts 23 and- 23' slip rings 26 and 26 to the electromagnets 31 and 31,; whereby the stops 45 and 45 are withdrawn so that again the carriage can make a step in the magnitude of two fractional unit steps until the shoulder of the tooth abuts against the stop 45 which is still in stopping position as illustrated in FIG. 6. Again the relation between the sliding contacts 21- to 21 and the switch contacts 23 to 23' is cyclically changed so that now the electromagnet 31 will be connected with the sliding contact 21',.
  • next letter typed is w so that a stop actuating pulse is applied to the bus bar 19 and from there v-i-a connection point 4 to the input terminal or sliding contact 217 the result will be that now the stops 45 45 45 and 45 will be withdrawn because the respectively associated electromagnets 3-1 31 31 and 3 1 are now connected in the above described manner with the sliding contacts 21' 2Y 21' and 21' respectively, and at the end of the now executed carriage movement the shoulder of the next following tooth of the bar 43 will abut against the stop 45;.
  • the greatest step which the carriage can carry out unde rthe control of this arrangement will correspond to seven fractional step units, or more generally, to a multiple thereof as defined by the fraction in other words one fractional step unit less than what the spacing of the teeth of the bar 43 would permit or one step less than would correspond to the number of stops 45.
  • the arrangement according to the invention and particularly the multipole distributor switch makes it possible to control a proportional spacing mechanism of a typewriter in an extremely simple manner and without any undesirable or avoidable delays so that typing with proportional spacing and even with interspacing can be carried out at great speed.
  • a proportional spacing mechanism control'arrangemerit for typewriters having a plurality n of selectable and electromagnetically operable stop means for stopping after a key operation the typewriter carriage in a position,
  • a proportional spacing mechanism control arrangement for typewriters having stop means including a series of a number n of mechanical stops selectively and electromechanically withdrawable by corresponding stop electromagnets from operative carriage stopping position for 11 stopping, depending on the selected number of consecutive stops of said series withdrawn, after a key operation the typewriter carriage in a position spaced from the preceding position by a variable multiple of a predetermined fractiona/n of the standard carriage step a in proportion to the type widthof the character printed upon such key actuation, and furnishing.
  • multipole distributor switch means cyclically turnable in one direction in synchronism with the carriage movement through a plurality of positions respectively corresponding in sequence to sequential positions of said carriage which are spaced from each other by said fraction a/ n and which said carriage may assume in making a step after a key actuation, said distributor switch means having a plurality of input terminals respectively connected with said'plurality of inputvmeans in sequential order corresponding to said different multiples of said fraction 4/11 and a plurality of output terminals respectively connected to said stop electromagnets, and said distributor switch means providing in any one of said sequential positions'thereo'f an individual path.
  • multipole distributor switch means having a stationary portion including a plurality of inputterminals angularly spaced along a circular arc and a portion relatively rotatable about the center of said are andiincluding a'plurality of switch contacts engageably cooperatingrwith said'i nput terminals, respectively," and a plurality of slip rings each said rotatable portion being cyclically movable in synchronism with the-carriage movement throughga plurality of positions respectively corresponding in, sequence to sequential positions of said carriage which are spaced from each other by said fraction a/n and which said carriage may assume in making a step after a key actuation, said distributor switch means having said plurality of input terminals respectively connected with said plurality of input means in sequential order corresponding to said different multiples ofsaid fraction a/ n; a plurality of sliding contacts respectively engaging said slip rings and a plurality of output terminals respectively connected to said sliding contacts, on one hand, and to said stop electromagnets, on the other hand, and said distributor switch means providing
  • multipole distributor switch means having a stationary portion including a plurality of input'terminals angularly'spaced along a circular arc and a portion relatively rotatable about the center of said are and including a plurality of switch contacts engageably cooperating with said input terminals, respectively,
  • said distributor switch means having said plurality of input terminals respectively con-r nected with said plurality of input means in sequential 7 order corresponding to said different multiples ofv said' fraction 11/ a' plurality of sliding contacts respectively n L engaging said slip rings and a plurality of output terminals 'respectively ,zconnected to, said, sliding'contacts, on one 13 hand, and to said stop electroinagnets, on the other hand, and said distributor switch means providing in any one of said sequential positions thereof an individual path from any one of said input terminals via selectable ones of said switch contacts, slip rings, sliding contacts and of said output terminals to the respectively connected stop electromagnet, the individual path to a selected output terminal and to the stop electromagnets connected therewith
  • a proportional spacing mechanism control arrangement for typewriters having stop means including a series of a number n mechanical stops selectively and electromechanically withdrawable by corresponding stop electromagnets from operative carriage stopping position for stopping, depending on the selected number of consecutive stops or" said series withdrawn, after a key operation the typewriter carriage in a position spaced from the preceding position by a variable multiple of a predetermined fraction a/n of the standard carriage step a in proportion to the type width of the character printed upon such key actuation, and furnishing with each individual key actuation an electrical stop actuating pulse for withdrawing a respectively selected number of said stops, comprising, in combination, a plurality of input means for receiving said stop actuating pulses and respectively associated with different multiples of said predetermined fraction a/iz of the standard carriage step; multipole distributor switch means having a stationary portion including a plurality of input terminals angularly spaced along a circular arc and a portion relatively rotatable about the center of said are and including a plurality of switch contacts
  • said rotatable portion of said distributor switch means comprises a plurality of groups of said switch contacts, said groups being arranged angularly spaced from each other about the center of rotation of said rotatable portion, all switch contacts or" same significance in said groups thereof being connected to acorresponding one of said slip rings, respectively, whereby the ratio between the carriage movement and the rotary movement of said rotatable portion is reduced in accordance with the number of said groups of switch contacts.
  • stop means include stop selector means respectively associated with said different mechanical stops and being actuatable by energization of said stop electromagnets, respectively, by said stop actuating pulses, and a commonstop withdrawing electromagnet connected in parallel; with said input means for receiving an energizing pulse 15 1 whenever one of said stop actuating pulses is applied to said input means, said stop withdrawing electromagnet when energized causing that all selected stops of said mechanical stops to be Withdrawn from said carriage stoppin position which is associated with a stop selector means actuated by energization of the respective one of said a said typewriter has also control means for causing said carriage to carry out a non-stop movement ditferent from the steps carried out after a character key actuation, and wherein means are provided for energizing all of said stop electromagnets and said stop withdrawing electromagnets in response to an actuation of said control means so that all of said mechanicalstops are moved to non-operative position
  • a proportional spacing mechanism control arrangement comprising a plurality n of selectable stop means including electromagnetic stop withdrawing means each stop means disposed for stopping after a key operation the typewriter carriage in a position spaced from the preceding position by a variable multiple 1 of a predetermined fraction a/n of the standard carriage step a in proportion to the type width of the character printed upon such key actuation, and adapted to respond to an electrical stop withdrawing pulse by withdrawing a number i of respectively selected stop means, a plurality of input means for furnishing said stop withdrawing pulses and respectively correlated with stop means associated with sequential multiples i of said predetermined fraction 11/11 of the standard carriage step; multipole distributor switch means cyclically turnable in synchronism with the carriage movemen-t through a plurality of positions respectively corresponding in sequence to sequential positions of said carriage which are spaced from each other by said fraction a/n and which said carriage may assume in making a step after a key actuation, said distributor switch means having a plurality n of selectable stop means including electromagnetic
  • delay means are connected in circuit with said stop electromagnets for delaying their return to deenergized condition afterrhaving' been energized by a stop actuating pulse.
  • delay means are connected in circuit with said stop withdrawing electromagnet .for delaying the return to de-' energized condition after having been energized by an energizing pulse.
  • a proportional spacing mechanism control ar-' rangement for typewriters having a plurality n of selectpositions thereof a plurality i of paths of said stop witha drawing pulses to said stop withdrawing means, respecable and electromagnetically withdrawable stop means-for I stopping after a key operation the typewriter carriage in a position spaced from the preceding position by avariable multiple of a predetermined 'fr-action 0/11 of the standard carriage step a in proportion to the type width of the character printed-upon such key actuation, and furnishing with each individualkey actuation an electrical stop actuating pulse for withdrawing respectively selected stop means, comprising, in combination,--- a plurality of input means for receiving said stop 'actuating' tively, namelyan individual path from any one of said input terminals via a selectable one of said output termi- Vnals to the respectively connected stop widthdrawing means, the individual .path to a selected output terminal and to the stop withdrawing means connected therewith being determined by the position which said distributor switch means occupies
  • a proportional spacing mechanism control arrangement for typewriters having a plurality n of selectable and electromagnetically operable stop means for stopping after a key operation the typewriter carriage in a position spaced from the preceding position by a variable multiple of a predetermined fraction a/n of the standard carriage stop a in proportion to the type width of the character printed upon such key actuation, and furnishing with each individual key actuation an electrical stop actuating pulse for setting respectively selected stop means, comprising, in combination, a plurality of input means for receiving said stop actuating pulses and respectively associated with different multiples of said predetermined fraction a/n of the standard carriage step; multiple distributor switch means cyclic-ally turnable in one direction in synchronism with the carriage movement through a plurality of positions of said carriage which are spaced from each other by said fraction a/n and which said carriage may assume in making a step after a key actuation, said distributor switch means having a plurality of input terminals respectively connected with said plurality of input means in sequential order corresponding to said different multiple

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Character Spaces And Line Spaces In Printers (AREA)
  • Control Of Position Or Direction (AREA)
US250587A 1962-01-18 1963-01-10 Proportional spacing mechanism control for typewriters Expired - Lifetime US3181682A (en)

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DEO8486A DE1253287B (de) 1962-01-18 1962-01-18 Elektromagnetische Proportionalschritt-Steuerung fuer Schreibmaschinen

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US (1) US3181682A (xx)
CH (1) CH406251A (xx)
DE (1) DE1253287B (xx)
FR (1) FR1349532A (xx)
GB (1) GB1029481A (xx)
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US3759363A (en) * 1971-12-22 1973-09-18 Ibm Letter space control mechanism

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US2678713A (en) * 1945-06-02 1954-05-18 Graphic Arts Res Foundation In Apparatus for justifying lines
US2790362A (en) * 1946-12-26 1957-04-30 Graphic Arts Res Foundation In Photo composing machine
US2938619A (en) * 1957-11-04 1960-05-31 Sperry Rand Corp Stop control for proportional spacing typewriter
US2972401A (en) * 1958-07-26 1961-02-21 Olivetti & Co Spa Variable spacing mechanism for typewriters

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US2379862A (en) * 1942-07-31 1945-07-10 Research Corp Justifying typewriter
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US427680A (en) * 1890-05-13 good-son
US2211911A (en) * 1937-10-11 1940-08-20 West Virginia Newspaper Publis Typewriter
US2678713A (en) * 1945-06-02 1954-05-18 Graphic Arts Res Foundation In Apparatus for justifying lines
US2790362A (en) * 1946-12-26 1957-04-30 Graphic Arts Res Foundation In Photo composing machine
US2487373A (en) * 1947-03-19 1949-11-08 Ibm Selective switch mechanism for variable spacing typewriters
US2938619A (en) * 1957-11-04 1960-05-31 Sperry Rand Corp Stop control for proportional spacing typewriter
US2972401A (en) * 1958-07-26 1961-02-21 Olivetti & Co Spa Variable spacing mechanism for typewriters

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NL284245A (xx)
SE307959B (xx) 1969-01-27
GB1029481A (en) 1966-05-11
DE1253287B (de) 1967-11-02
FR1349532A (fr) 1964-01-17
NL121759C (xx)
CH406251A (de) 1966-01-31

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