US3181314A - Knitting methods and apparatus and products thereof - Google Patents

Knitting methods and apparatus and products thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
US3181314A
US3181314A US205972A US20597262A US3181314A US 3181314 A US3181314 A US 3181314A US 205972 A US205972 A US 205972A US 20597262 A US20597262 A US 20597262A US 3181314 A US3181314 A US 3181314A
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United States
Prior art keywords
needles
knitting
feed
feeds
yarn
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Expired - Lifetime
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US205972A
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English (en)
Inventor
John J Millar
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Scott and Williams Inc
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Scott and Williams Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE634093D priority Critical patent/BE634093A/xx
Application filed by Scott and Williams Inc filed Critical Scott and Williams Inc
Priority to US205972A priority patent/US3181314A/en
Priority to GB23110/63A priority patent/GB994553A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3181314A publication Critical patent/US3181314A/en
Assigned to SCOTT & WILLIAMS INCORPORATED reassignment SCOTT & WILLIAMS INCORPORATED ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: SCOTT & WILLIAMS INC.
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
    • H02H5/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature
    • H02H5/046—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature using a thermocouple
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/10—Patterned fabrics or articles
    • D04B1/102—Patterned fabrics or articles with stitch pattern
    • D04B1/108—Gussets, e.g. pouches or heel or toe portions
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/22—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration
    • D04B1/24—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel
    • D04B1/26—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel stockings
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B9/00—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles
    • D04B9/42—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles specially adapted for producing goods of particular configuration
    • D04B9/46—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles specially adapted for producing goods of particular configuration stockings, or portions thereof

Definitions

  • Stockings have been produced by knitting on circular machines solely by rotary knitting tubes which are unshaped during the knitting operation. These tubes, knit of a thermoplastic yarn such as nylon, are then sewed across the toes and shaped by heat setting 011 forms by the operation commonly known as preboarding. The shape of the heel of the stocking is produced solely by this preboarding operation. Necessarily, considerable distortion of the loops in the vicinity of the heel is then necessary. Stockings of this sort have been provided, 'however, by introducing shaping during the knitting procedure by providing extra partial courses in the heel portions of the stockings. This is accomplished by knitting the instep portions single feed, while knitting the heel and sole portions two feed.
  • the general object of the present invention is to eliminate the enlarged loops or eyelets in a stocking of this type to provide a product of superior appearance and with avoidance of possible loop disengagement which would.
  • the method of knitting may be carried out on a multiple feed machine which speeds up the rate of production of the leg and toe portions of the stocking and also provides for the insertion of the partial heel and foot courses.
  • FIGURE 1 is a developed view of the cam system or" a knitting machine of circular type arranged to carry out the invention, there being illustrated at the right of this figure a needle and associated elements as used in accordance with the invention;
  • FIGURE 2 is a diagram illustrative of the arrangement of needle and pattern jack butts
  • 'FEGURE 3 is a fragmentary view of a stocking provided in accordance with the invention.
  • FIGURE 4 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the stitch formations provided in accordance with the invention at the junctions of instep and heel or foot portions of the stocking of FIGURE 3.
  • the knitting machine involved is generally conventional and of the type used for the two feed knitting of ladies sheer hosiery. Only so much of this machine is illustrated as is special to the invention. It will be understood that controlling devices for the various movable cams about to be described are conventional, involving the use of usual pattern devices such as the usual main cam drum of such a machine.
  • a main feed point indicated at :2 comprising the usual throat in which are located the yarn feeding fingers 4 carrying the yarns M and M
  • additional yarn feeding fingers may be provided containing yarns f different types for example for the formation of reinforced welts.
  • the invention is concerned solely with the two yarns illustrated. While, as will be apparent hereafter, the choice of yarn is quite arbitrary, it may be assumed for consistency of description and as illustrative of the production of sheer stockings, that each of the yarns M and M is fifteen denier nylon.
  • the second feed is similarly indicated at 6 and is shown as comprising the usual throat associated with a pair of yarn fingers 8 and 9 carrying, respectively, the yarns A and .A. Again, for consistency, it may be assumed that the yarn A is thirty denier nylon while the yarn A is fifteen denier nylon.
  • Conventional cams ill and 12 are provided at the first feed 2 of which 12 is the stitch cam and may be ordiarily fixed, though adjustable to control the length of stitches being formed. It is associated with the landing cam 14 and followed by the raising cam is arranged to raise needles to tuck height. Following this is a radially movable clearing cam 18, preceding the cams 2t and 2?; at the second feed. The latter is associated w th the landing cam '24 which is followed by the raising cam as arranged to raise needles to tuck level. This is followed by a radially movable clearing cam and by the lowering cam 3 3. As will appear, the cams Jill, 22, 28 and 3% are all radially adjustable to provide selective action or needle butts.
  • Needles 32 provided with butts 33 are carried in the usual slots in a needle cylinder 34.
  • Below each needle is an associated intermediate jack 36 and below the intermediate jacks are rocking pattern jacks 38.
  • These jacks are provided with the usual upper portions engageable by a cam to provide rocking action.
  • certain of the pattern jacks are provided with butts ll, and all are provided with selectively removable butts 42 for pattern control.
  • Each pattern jack is further provided with a lower butt 44 provided with a notch 46 at its lower end.
  • Sinkers 48 cooperate in usual fashion with the latch needles 32.
  • the needles and their associated elements are entirely conventional and need not be desceribed in greater detail.
  • Lowering cams 5t) and 52 are provided to cooperate with the butts 3'7 of the intermediate jacks 3-6.
  • a cam 54 is provided in usual fashion to engage the upper portions ll) of the pattern jacks to rock outwardly their lower portions for selection by cams $6 which are carried, as usual, by levers controlled by a conventional trick wheel.
  • cams $6 which are carried, as usual, by levers controlled by a conventional trick wheel.
  • any pattern jack so raised will be lowered by the action of cam 50 on the butt 37 of its intermediate jack.
  • cam 50 on the butt 37 of its intermediate jack.
  • cam 60 When thus lowered its lower end will remain in outer position so that the pattern jack will be again raised by cam 60 and then again depressed by the action of cam 52 on the butt of its associated intermediate jack.
  • the special cam 62 is provided for action on the butts 41 of certain of the pattern jacks to effect raising of these pattern jacks and of their associated intermediate jacks and needles.
  • FIGURE 2 diagrams the arrangement of needle butts 33.
  • the needles which are to form the instep portions of a stocking are provided with intermediate length butts as indicated at 66, while those which are to form the heel portions of a stocking are provided with long butts as indicated at 64.
  • the panel of needles having the butts 64 should be substantially less than half the needles as illustrated. Flanking the panel of needles having the butts 64 are needles having short butts 68, there being desirably two such needles on each side of the heel or sole panel.
  • the pattern jacks associated with the needles having the butts 68 are the ones provided with the butts 41 previously mentioned adapted to be acted upon by the cam 62.
  • the remaining pattern jacks are without such butts, or, if desired for other purposes may be provided with shorter butts at the positions of the butts 41, such shorter butts being missed by the cam 68.
  • a stocking provided in accordance with the invention is shown at "iii.
  • the leg portion 72 may be formed two feed, as may also a welt portion (not shown).
  • the instep portion 74 is formed single feed.
  • a reinforced portion 76 extends from a position which may correspond to a conventional high splice, though this may be omitted if desired, through a heel portion and then through a foot portion reaching in the region 79 the toe 78.
  • the reinforced portion 76 is knit two feed, as is also, desirably, the toe portion 78.
  • the toe is closed by a seam, not shown.
  • the reinforced portion 76 is formed on the same needles throughout its lengthwise extent.
  • FIGURE 3 illustrates the stocking as it appears after the pie-boarding operation, and in view of'the pre-boarding which gives shape to the stocking, there will generally apear some widening of the heel portion at 77 and also in the region 79 adjacent to the toe. These conditions are the result of the distortion of the fabric during the pre-boarding operation.
  • the welt and leg are formed in the same fashion with the exception that for the production of the Welt heavier yarns may be used than for the production of the leg. Ac cordingly the description will be started by reference to leg formation.
  • the yarn M is brought into action at the first feed 2 along with the yarn M
  • the yarn M is the same as the yarn M fifteen denier
  • the thirty denier yarn A is substituted for the yarn A which is removed.
  • two feed knitting is provided in the reinforced area, and the courses will be of substantially the same weight by reason of the fact that every other course will be produced by both yarns M and M and the intermediate courses by the yarn A, the total deniers being the same.
  • the yarn M may well be of the other type than nylon, for example cotton, lisle or silk.
  • one of the component yarns of the reinforced portion is of thermoplastic type, such as nylon, one or more of the others may be of a non-thermoplatsic yarn, the thermoplastic yarn taking care of the aspect of setting during preboarding.
  • Cam 30 is now moved inwardly to a position in which it will engage at least the butts 64 and 66, though it may be moved sufficiently inwardly to be engageable with butts 68 as well, though, as will appear, these butts reach it at low position so as not to be effectively engaged thereby.
  • Cam 18 is moved outwardly from its previous position so as to engage long butts 64 only, missing butts 66 and 68.
  • Cam 22 is moved outwardly so as to miss the butts 68 but as to engage the butts 64 and 66.
  • Cam 28 is similarly moved outwardly so as to miss butts 68 but engage butts 64 and 66.
  • the instep needles having the intermediate length butts 66 enter the cams along path a at cleared level. They are then depressed by cam 30 to tuck level and continue therefrom along the path b, their associated pattern jacks being selected so as to not to rise over cam 58. At the first feed they are lowered by cam 12. By reason of their movement at tuck level they take only the yarn M missing the yarn M They then rise over cam 16 to follow the path 0 at tuck level, missing the cam 18 to continue along path d. At this level they miss the yarn A and are depressed by cam 22, the yarn M being still retained in their hooks. They are then successively raised by earns 26 and 28 back to the cleared path at a.
  • the needles then continue along the cleared path a (It may be here remarked that the 55 pattern jacks associated with the other needles are rocked inwardly by the action of one or more cams 56 on butts 42, that these jacks miss the cam 58 and the corresponding needles are not cleared at d.)
  • these long butt needles form two feed fabric.
  • the courses intermediate those previously described, and as shown at I, II, and III are formed by the second feed yarn A.
  • the successive courses of this portion of the fabric have approximately the same weight if the yarns are as described.
  • these pattern jacks acting through the intermediate jacks 36 to so raise these needles.
  • these pattern jacks have been moving at low level so as to pass the cams 53 and as without being raised. Their pattern jacks are restored to original position by the action of cam 52 on the associated intermediate jacks.
  • cam 26 engages cam 26 to be lowered thereby and take yarn A at the second feed. However, they do not pass down cam 22 which is in a position to miss them, but continue moving along the path g. They also pass the cam 23 to follow the path 1 at tuck level.
  • the yarn A is the one which is introduced as the second feed yarn during the two feed knitting. However, it is not merely introduced in what could be regarded as a conventional fashion, but it is incorporated at each end of the two feed panel with the yarn M in the stitches in the panel 68.
  • the fact that it is knitted into loops with a continuously would ordinarily result in enlarged loops or, in the case of running yarn effectively prevents the reeving action which short ends, in loop disengagement to produce runs.
  • the yarn ends may be clipped close to avoid the unsightly appearance of long yarn ends.
  • the stocking is completed in usual fashion by seaming of the toe and preboarding to provide the desired shaping which is facilitated without undue stressing of stitches by reason of the extra fabric provided by the two feed knitting in the reinforced region, the stitches provided at both feeds in the two feed knitting being the same in size as those produced in the single feed instep.
  • the heel formation it is desired to provide two feed knitting in conjunction with single feed knitting of the instep, the two feed knitting being to provide the extra fabric to make possible the turning of the heel without undue stretching of the loops.
  • Various yarns may also be used, though thermoplastic yarn should be used in part to make possible the effective heat setting.
  • a circular knitting machine for the formation by rotary knitting of a fabric for the formation "of stockings having instep and heel forming portions and junction portions extending walewise between the instep and heel forming portions, said machine comprising a needle cylinder, independent needles mounted therein, means cooperating with said needles for the formation of stitches, and means for feeding yarns to said needles at at least two spaced feeds, means controlling needle movements to effect, during rotary knitting, feed of at least one yarn at only one of said feeds to needles of a first panel and single feed knitting of said instep portion, means controlling needle movements to effect, during the same rotary knitting, feed of at least one yarn at each of said feeds to needles of a second panel and two feed knitting of said heel portion, and means controlling needle movements to effect, during the same rotafy knitting, feed, to needles of panels intermediate the foregoing panels, of yarns from both of said feeds, without clearing of needles until they take yarns at both of said :9 feeds, and single feed knitting of said junction
  • a knitting machine comprising means controlling needle movements to'eifect, during another portion of rotary knitting, feed of yarns at both feeds to all of the needles and two feed 'knitting of another portion of the fabric.
  • a knitting machine'according 'to claim 3 in which said controlling means eflfects taking by needles of the second panel of a yarn' in addition to that taken by needles of the first panel at that feed at which needles of both the first-and second panels take yarn.
  • a knitting machine comprising means controlling needle'movernents to effect, during another portion of rotary knitting, feed of yarns at both feeds to all of the needles and two feed knitting 'of another portion of the fabric.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
  • Knitting Machines (AREA)
  • Socks And Pantyhose (AREA)
US205972A 1962-06-28 1962-06-28 Knitting methods and apparatus and products thereof Expired - Lifetime US3181314A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE634093D BE634093A (en, 2012) 1962-06-28
US205972A US3181314A (en) 1962-06-28 1962-06-28 Knitting methods and apparatus and products thereof
GB23110/63A GB994553A (en) 1962-06-28 1963-06-10 Improvements in or relating to knitting methods and apparatus and products thereof

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US205972A US3181314A (en) 1962-06-28 1962-06-28 Knitting methods and apparatus and products thereof

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US3181314A true US3181314A (en) 1965-05-04

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BE (1) BE634093A (en, 2012)
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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3270526A (en) * 1963-06-03 1966-09-06 Hanes Corp Run-stop band for hosiery
US3310962A (en) * 1964-05-06 1967-03-28 Singer Co Circular knitting machine
US3457735A (en) * 1963-07-10 1969-07-29 Scott & Williams Inc Knitting methods and machines
US3599241A (en) * 1968-10-11 1971-08-17 Werner Rossler Pantyhose
US3603116A (en) * 1970-05-11 1971-09-07 Lamberto Benvenuti And Enrico Seamless stocking and method of knitting pockets therein
US3726110A (en) * 1970-11-12 1973-04-10 Billi Spa Needle raising cams for circular knitting machines

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1460477A (en) * 1922-02-03 1923-07-03 William H Carter Seamless stocking and method of making same
US2357630A (en) * 1941-03-15 1944-09-05 Toone Nottingham Ltd B Knitted article
US2705411A (en) * 1952-11-04 1955-04-05 Duplan Corp Hosiery
US2890577A (en) * 1955-01-24 1959-06-16 Scott & Williams Inc Circular multi-feed stocking knitting machine
FR1210858A (fr) * 1957-08-27 1960-03-11 Booton Ltd W Procédé de tricotage, métier à tricoter et tricots circulaires fabriqués avec ce métier
US2971358A (en) * 1957-01-14 1961-02-14 Scott & Williams Inc Knitting machine
US3004418A (en) * 1957-01-14 1961-10-17 Scott & Williams Inc Knitted stocking

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1460477A (en) * 1922-02-03 1923-07-03 William H Carter Seamless stocking and method of making same
US2357630A (en) * 1941-03-15 1944-09-05 Toone Nottingham Ltd B Knitted article
US2705411A (en) * 1952-11-04 1955-04-05 Duplan Corp Hosiery
US2890577A (en) * 1955-01-24 1959-06-16 Scott & Williams Inc Circular multi-feed stocking knitting machine
US2971358A (en) * 1957-01-14 1961-02-14 Scott & Williams Inc Knitting machine
US3004418A (en) * 1957-01-14 1961-10-17 Scott & Williams Inc Knitted stocking
FR1210858A (fr) * 1957-08-27 1960-03-11 Booton Ltd W Procédé de tricotage, métier à tricoter et tricots circulaires fabriqués avec ce métier

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3270526A (en) * 1963-06-03 1966-09-06 Hanes Corp Run-stop band for hosiery
US3457735A (en) * 1963-07-10 1969-07-29 Scott & Williams Inc Knitting methods and machines
US3310962A (en) * 1964-05-06 1967-03-28 Singer Co Circular knitting machine
US3599241A (en) * 1968-10-11 1971-08-17 Werner Rossler Pantyhose
US3603116A (en) * 1970-05-11 1971-09-07 Lamberto Benvenuti And Enrico Seamless stocking and method of knitting pockets therein
US3726110A (en) * 1970-11-12 1973-04-10 Billi Spa Needle raising cams for circular knitting machines

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Publication number Publication date
GB994553A (en) 1965-06-10
BE634093A (en, 2012)

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