US3179876A - Electrical systems - Google Patents

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US3179876A
US3179876A US54058A US5405860A US3179876A US 3179876 A US3179876 A US 3179876A US 54058 A US54058 A US 54058A US 5405860 A US5405860 A US 5405860A US 3179876 A US3179876 A US 3179876A
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winding
voltage
transformer
windings
contacts
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US54058A
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Heuman Cecil Bourne
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Brentford Transformers Ltd
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Brentford Transformers Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/12—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac
    • G05F1/14—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using tap transformers or tap changing inductors as final control devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/02—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/04—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H02M5/10—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using transformers
    • H02M5/12—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using transformers for conversion of voltage or current amplitude only

Definitions

  • Electrical systems are used for the purpose of changing or controlling the voltage as between an input and an output and it is known that in such electrical systems voltage changing devices such as single-wound transformers, auto-transformers, regulators, double-wound transformers, and the like are all used for the purpose of changing or controlling the voltage.
  • voltage changing devices such as single-wound transformers, auto-transformers, regulators, double-wound transformers, and the like are all used for the purpose of changing or controlling the voltage.
  • These electrical control devices are of two main types, namely the type in which a stepwise control of the voltage is achieved and the type in which a substantially smooth control of the voltage is achieved.
  • Some of these voltage changing devices are provided with contacts or other form of tapping points and in the case of those having contacts, the contacts may be designed for movement when either on-load or ofi-load.
  • an electrical system comprising a voltage control device having means to deliver two voltages which are oppositely changeable in synchronisrn, in combination with a static transformer having at least two windings fed respectively by the two voltages and the output voltage of the system being developed in association with the static transformer windings.
  • the static transformer has the two windings acting as primary windings and is provided with a secondary winding from which the output voltage is derived but in another arrangement one of the windings acts as an auto-winding and the output voltage is taken from this winding.
  • FIGURE 1 shows a simple embodiment showing a double-wound static transformer
  • FIGURE 2 shows an auto-Wound static transformer
  • FEGURE 3 shows a modification of FIGURE 2.
  • the electrical system of this invention comprises voltage control device VCD which is connected across live and neutral supply lines L and N respectively.
  • This voltage control device may be of any form such as a tapped transformer or voltage regulator but is illustrated in a manner suitable for a voltage regulator of the type in which a pair of contacts track opposite sides of a straight coil these two contacts being interconnected by a chain or the like.
  • the contacts C1 and C2 deliver two voltages which are oppositely changeable in synchronism.
  • This voltage control, device VCD is connected in combination with a static transformer ST having two primary windings P1 and P2 and a single secondary winding S.
  • the Voltage from the contact C1 is fed to the primary winding P1, the other end of which is connected to the neutral supply line N, whilst the voltage from the contact C2. is fed to the primary winding P2 and the other end of this primary winding is connected to the live supply line L.
  • the secondary winding S develops an output voltage which is delivered from terminals 01 and 02.
  • FIGURE 2 shows the'circuit arranged for auto-connection in a parallel arrangement and, referring to FIGURE 2, the supply linesL-and N are again connected to a voltage control device VCD which has contacts C1 and C2 in the same arrangement as in FIGURE 1.
  • the contact C2 is connected to a primary winding P of the static transformer ST, the other end of this primary winding being connected to the live supply line L.
  • the static transformer ST has a secondary winding S which has one end connected tozthe neutral supply line N and the other end connected to the contact C1. via a balancer winding B.
  • the output is developed between the neutral supply line N and a centre tap on the balancer winding B which is connected to an output contact 0.
  • FIGURE 3 shows the parts connected for auto-series operation and once again the regulator VCD is connected across the live and neutral supply lines L, N.
  • the contact C2 is connected to the primary winding P of the transformer ST and thence to the live supply line but the contact C1 is connected to the secondary winding S of the transformer ST, the other end of this secondary winding being connected directly to the output point 0.
  • a voltage control system comprising a voltage dividing element; a pair of contacts movable over said voltage dividing element in opposite directions in synchronism; and a transformer having a plurality of windings including a first winding and a second winding, the first winding being connected between one of said contacts and one electrical end of the voltage dividing element and the second winding being connected between the other of said contacts and the other electrical end of the voltage dividing element.
  • a voltage control system fur ther comprising a third winding on said transformer insulated from said first and second windings, the controlled voltage being developed in said third winding.
  • a voltage control system comprising: a pair of input terminals; a pair of output terminals; an auto-transformer having a winding connected for energization from said input terminals; a pair of contact means each movable u electrically with respect to said windingv for adjustably selecting different voltages therefrom, said contact means being constrained to move simultaneously in opposite directions toward and away from the electrical center of said winding to select a decreased or an increased voltage, respectively, from said winding; and circuit means including a transformer having two separate windings, said windings having equal numbers of turns, one of said separate windings being connected between one of said contact means and one of said terminals, the other of said separate windings being connected between the other of said contact means and another one of said terminals to produce voltages in both windings which are in phase with each other and which increase progressively as said contact means are moved away from said electrical center of said winding of said auto-transformer, and further circuit means connected to deliver the combined voltages of said separate windings to said output terminals
  • a voltage control system further comprising a balancing circuit element included in said further circuit means, said circuit element being connected to one of said output terminals and one of said separate transformer windings for obtaining said balanced relationship.
  • a voltage control device comprising an auto-transformer winding having a first and a second electrical end, a first and a second connection means for making adjustable connections to the auto-transformer winding, and a multi-winding transformer having two primary windings and a secondary winding, one primary winding being connected between one electrical end and the first connection means, the other primary winding being connected between the other electrical end and the second connection means, the primary windings having the same number of turns, the first and second connection means being so arranged that equal voltages are applied to the primary windings, and the primary windings inducing voltages of the same phase in the secondary winding.
  • a voltage control system wherein said separate windings are connected each between one of said contact means and one of said input terminals, and in which said transformer further comprises a separate third winding connected to said output terminals.

Description

April 20, 1965 c. B. HENMAN 3,179,876
ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS Filed Sept. 6, 1960 3,179,876 ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS Cecil Bourne Hellman, Ifield, Crawley, England, assignor to Brentford Transformers Limited, Crawley, England Filed Sept. 6, 1969, Ser. No. 54,058
Claims priority, application Great Britain, Apr. 5, 1960,
6 Claims. (Cl. 323-45) The present invention concerns improvements in or relating to electrical systems."
Electrical systems (as the term is used in this specification) are used for the purpose of changing or controlling the voltage as between an input and an output and it is known that in such electrical systems voltage changing devices such as single-wound transformers, auto-transformers, regulators, double-wound transformers, and the like are all used for the purpose of changing or controlling the voltage. These electrical control devices are of two main types, namely the type in which a stepwise control of the voltage is achieved and the type in which a substantially smooth control of the voltage is achieved. Some of these voltage changing devices are provided with contacts or other form of tapping points and in the case of those having contacts, the contacts may be designed for movement when either on-load or ofi-load.
According to the present invention there is provided an electrical system comprising a voltage control device having means to deliver two voltages which are oppositely changeable in synchronisrn, in combination with a static transformer having at least two windings fed respectively by the two voltages and the output voltage of the system being developed in association with the static transformer windings.
In one arrangement the static transformer has the two windings acting as primary windings and is provided with a secondary winding from which the output voltage is derived but in another arrangement one of the windings acts as an auto-winding and the output voltage is taken from this winding.
In order that the invention may more readily be understood certain embodiments of the same will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accomp anying drawings, wherein- FIGURE 1 shows a simple embodiment showing a double-wound static transformer,
FIGURE 2 shows an auto-Wound static transformer, and
FEGURE 3 shows a modification of FIGURE 2.
Referring now to FIGURE 1, it will be seen that the electrical system of this invention comprises voltage control device VCD which is connected across live and neutral supply lines L and N respectively. This voltage control device may be of any form such as a tapped transformer or voltage regulator but is illustrated in a manner suitable for a voltage regulator of the type in which a pair of contacts track opposite sides of a straight coil these two contacts being interconnected by a chain or the like. Thus the contacts C1 and C2 deliver two voltages which are oppositely changeable in synchronism. This voltage control, device VCD is connected in combination with a static transformer ST having two primary windings P1 and P2 and a single secondary winding S. The Voltage from the contact C1 is fed to the primary winding P1, the other end of which is connected to the neutral supply line N, whilst the voltage from the contact C2. is fed to the primary winding P2 and the other end of this primary winding is connected to the live supply line L. The secondary winding S develops an output voltage which is delivered from terminals 01 and 02.
In the conventional arrangement the circuit would be United States Patent O 3,179,876 Patented Apr. 20, 1965 that of FIGURE 1 except that the primary winding P2 and contact C2 would be omitted. V In such an arrangement and assuming a 400 volt supply, a regulator VCD capable ofcarrying a maximum 100 amps would be necessary to achieve 0 to 40 kva. variation. However, with the circuit of FIGURE 1 and in order to achieve the same variation, the current carrying capacity of the regulator need only be 50 amps maximum. Clearly the current carrying capacities of the transformer windings and contacts will suit the regulator current carrying 7 capacity.
FIGURE 2 shows the'circuit arranged for auto-connection in a parallel arrangement and, referring to FIGURE 2, the supply linesL-and N are again connected to a voltage control device VCD which has contacts C1 and C2 in the same arrangement as in FIGURE 1. The contact C2 is connected to a primary winding P of the static transformer ST, the other end of this primary winding being connected to the live supply line L. The static transformer ST has a secondary winding S which has one end connected tozthe neutral supply line N and the other end connected to the contact C1. via a balancer winding B. The output is developed between the neutral supply line N and a centre tap on the balancer winding B which is connected to an output contact 0.
In this arrangement it will be clear that the input and output lines are not isolated from one another, since the neutral line N is common to both, but nevertheless the voltage developed across the output lines 0 and N may be varied between 0 and 400 volts at a power rating of 40 kva. when the power ratings of the regulator VCD and the two transformer windings are 20 kva. This arrangement gives the same degree'of regulation as that of a single 40 kva. regulator and it is estimated that the cost of a 20 kva. regulator is only approximately half that of a 40 kva. regulator and is moreover approximately half the size.
FIGURE 3 shows the parts connected for auto-series operation and once again the regulator VCD is connected across the live and neutral supply lines L, N. Once again also the contact C2 is connected to the primary winding P of the transformer ST and thence to the live supply line but the contact C1 is connected to the secondary winding S of the transformer ST, the other end of this secondary winding being connected directly to the output point 0.
While I have shown and described what I believe to be the best embodiments of my invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
I claim:
1. In a voltage control system comprising a voltage dividing element; a pair of contacts movable over said voltage dividing element in opposite directions in synchronism; and a transformer having a plurality of windings including a first winding and a second winding, the first winding being connected between one of said contacts and one electrical end of the voltage dividing element and the second winding being connected between the other of said contacts and the other electrical end of the voltage dividing element.
2. A voltage control system according to claim 1 fur ther comprising a third winding on said transformer insulated from said first and second windings, the controlled voltage being developed in said third winding.
3. A voltage control system comprising: a pair of input terminals; a pair of output terminals; an auto-transformer having a winding connected for energization from said input terminals; a pair of contact means each movable u electrically with respect to said windingv for adjustably selecting different voltages therefrom, said contact means being constrained to move simultaneously in opposite directions toward and away from the electrical center of said winding to select a decreased or an increased voltage, respectively, from said winding; and circuit means including a transformer having two separate windings, said windings having equal numbers of turns, one of said separate windings being connected between one of said contact means and one of said terminals, the other of said separate windings being connected between the other of said contact means and another one of said terminals to produce voltages in both windings which are in phase with each other and which increase progressively as said contact means are moved away from said electrical center of said winding of said auto-transformer, and further circuit means connected to deliver the combined voltages of said separate windings to said output terminals.
4. A voltage control system according to claim 3, further comprising a balancing circuit element included in said further circuit means, said circuit element being connected to one of said output terminals and one of said separate transformer windings for obtaining said balanced relationship.
5. A voltage control device comprising an auto-transformer winding having a first and a second electrical end, a first and a second connection means for making adjustable connections to the auto-transformer winding, and a multi-winding transformer having two primary windings and a secondary winding, one primary winding being connected between one electrical end and the first connection means, the other primary winding being connected between the other electrical end and the second connection means, the primary windings having the same number of turns, the first and second connection means being so arranged that equal voltages are applied to the primary windings, and the primary windings inducing voltages of the same phase in the secondary winding.
6. A voltage control system according to claim 3, wherein said separate windings are connected each between one of said contact means and one of said input terminals, and in which said transformer further comprises a separate third winding connected to said output terminals.
References Qited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 5/34 Blume 323- 8/43 Blume 32345 ORIS L. RADER, MILTON O. HIRSHFIELD,
Examiners.

Claims (1)

1. IN A VOLTAGE CONTROL SYSTEM COMPRISING A VOLTAGE DIVIDING ELEMENT; A PAIR OF CONTACTS MOVABLE OVER SAID VOLTAGE DIVIDING ELEMENTS IN OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS IN SYNCHRONISM; AND A TRANSFORMER HAVING A PLURALITY OF WINDINGS INCLUDING A FIRST WINDING AND A SECOND WINDING, THE FIRST WINDING BEING CONNECTED BETWEEN ONE OF SAID CONTACTS AND ONE ELECTRICAL END OF THE VOLTAGE DIVIDING ELEMENT AND THE SECOND WINDING BEING CONNECTED BETWEEN THE OTHER OF SAID CONTACTS AND THE OTHER ELECTRICAL END OF THE VOLTAGE DIVIDING ELEMENT.
US54058A 1960-04-05 1960-09-06 Electrical systems Expired - Lifetime US3179876A (en)

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GB12085/60A GB894000A (en) 1960-04-05 1960-04-05 Improvements in or relating to voltage regulators

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3505591A (en) * 1967-10-23 1970-04-07 Perkin Elmer Corp High resolution adjustable transducer employing an auxiliary transducer
US3610944A (en) * 1969-03-26 1971-10-05 Tokyo Electric Power Co System-interconnecting arrangement
US3614595A (en) * 1969-02-12 1971-10-19 Ferranti Ltd Ac voltage control apparatus

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1959153A (en) * 1933-04-29 1934-05-15 Gen Electric Voltage control in electrical power transmission circuits
US2325936A (en) * 1941-11-25 1943-08-03 Gen Electric Regulating circuit

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1959153A (en) * 1933-04-29 1934-05-15 Gen Electric Voltage control in electrical power transmission circuits
US2325936A (en) * 1941-11-25 1943-08-03 Gen Electric Regulating circuit

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3505591A (en) * 1967-10-23 1970-04-07 Perkin Elmer Corp High resolution adjustable transducer employing an auxiliary transducer
US3614595A (en) * 1969-02-12 1971-10-19 Ferranti Ltd Ac voltage control apparatus
US3610944A (en) * 1969-03-26 1971-10-05 Tokyo Electric Power Co System-interconnecting arrangement

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