US3175652A - Means for interconnecting adjacent wall sections - Google Patents

Means for interconnecting adjacent wall sections Download PDF

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US3175652A
US3175652A US3175652DA US3175652A US 3175652 A US3175652 A US 3175652A US 3175652D A US3175652D A US 3175652DA US 3175652 A US3175652 A US 3175652A
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rails
wall sections
rail
flanges
adjacent wall
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/61—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other
    • E04B1/6108—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together
    • E04B1/612—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces
    • E04B1/6145—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces with recesses in both frontal surfaces co-operating with an additional connecting element
    • E04B1/615—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces with recesses in both frontal surfaces co-operating with an additional connecting element the connection made by expansion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
    • F16B5/0004—Joining sheets, plates or panels in abutting relationship
    • F16B5/0056—Joining sheets, plates or panels in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels or the interlocking key perpendicular to the main plane
    • F16B5/0076—Joining sheets, plates or panels in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels or the interlocking key perpendicular to the main plane and using expanding clamps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
    • F26B25/08—Parts thereof
    • F26B25/12—Walls or sides; Doors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings increasing the durability of linings or breaking away linings
    • F27D1/1621—Making linings by using shaped elements, e.g. bricks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/14—Supports for linings
    • F27D1/145—Assembling elements

Definitions

  • Standardized, factory-made wall sections of this kind are now in common use in industry for the construction of ovens and drying chambers, and for enclosing various machines in order to reduce initial capital expenditure and simplify erection work.
  • Walls constructed in this way are very light and can be adapted easily and inexpensively to meet stringent requirements of good thermal in- ⁇ sulation.
  • the joining of the sections has proved to be a problem that is difficult to solve, especially for the walls of drying chambers, where the damp atmosphere inside the chamber necessitates airtight joints, and where the walls are subjected to great expansive forces due to the high temperatures most frequently prevailing in the chamber.
  • Joining methods and arrangements used hitherto for these applications have proved not to fulfill stipulated conditions in the respects mentioned, or they have been too complicated and time-consuming to find a general use.
  • the invention the object of which is to eliminate said difficulties and provide a simple, rapid and efficient joining of such wall sections, is characterized in that two rails are inserted into the channel-like cavity which is formed between the edge flanges of the sections, said rails extending along and covering the joints and being adopted to be moved away from each other by means of a number of separating elements in a direction at right angles to the plane of the wall and thereby caused to tighteningly press against the respective edge flanges.
  • the invention also includes a suitable arrangement for carrying out the method.
  • the fundamental and characteristic feature of this arrangement is that the separating elements are made up of a number of screw bolts, ⁇ and that one of the rails is provided with a corresponding number of threaded holes or with nuts attached to the rail and designed to engage said screw bolts, which by turning are caused to press their free end against the opposite rail and thereby force the two rails apart, so that they press against the edge flanges of the sections.
  • the rails are manufactured of resilient material, e.g. sheet steel formed as a channel-shaped beam with slightly diverging anges in order to allow for any expansion caused by thermal changes and thereby maintain the intended sealing action.
  • resilient material e.g. sheet steel formed as a channel-shaped beam with slightly diverging anges in order to allow for any expansion caused by thermal changes and thereby maintain the intended sealing action.
  • the rails, together with pertaining screw bolts and insulation are delivered to the side as finished units.
  • the free ends of the bolts are provided with a stud which can be inserted in holes in the opposite rail and on the outside of the rail can be given an upset head or be provided with another looking means to keep the rail in position.
  • the design of the separating elements can be varied in several ways within the scope of the invention.
  • the bolts could be fitted between the two rails with their heads pressing against one rail and with their opposite ends screwed into nuts attached to this rail,
  • At least one of the rails should be fitted with a sealing packing on the outside, preferably of heat-resisting material.
  • FIG. 1 shows the wall sections joined by means of rails and separating elements in accordance with one embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a similar joint with assembly elements according to a second embodiment.
  • drawing 1 and 2 designate two similar wall sections made up of inner and outer panels, 3 and 4 respectively, attached to a frame 5 of channel iron having outwardly directed flanges 5a and 5b engaging the flange portions 3a and 4a of the panels (forming composite flanges) and with insulation material 6 between the panels.
  • Two sheet steel rails, 7 and 8, having flared facing flanges are inserted into the channel-like cavity which is formed between composite flanges having return bend U-shaped parallel edges la and 1b and 2a and 2b, of the two sections.
  • the rails can be forced apart by means of a number of separating elements, in the present instance screw bolts 9, in a direction at right angles to the plane of the wall and thereby caused to tighteningly press against the respective edge flanges.
  • one railin the case shown rail 7- is provided with a sealing packing 10 of heat-resisting material.
  • 11 designates insulation material inserted between rails 7 and 8.
  • the screw bolt 9 engages a nut 12 welded to the rail 8, and the bolt is turned by its head 9a, accessible through the open joint towards the outside. The other end of the bolt presses against rail 7 which is provided with a guiding slot 13 or a number of recesses.
  • the screw bolt 9 is fitted with a stud 14 which can be inserted through a hole in rail 7 and given an upset head on the outside.
  • 15 designates a washer fitted under the upset head.
  • the screw bolts 9 are placed in the opposite direction.
  • the bolt is screwed into a clip 16, which functions as a nut and is welded on to the rail 8', and the bolt head 9a' presses against the rail 7.
  • a clip 16 which functions as a nut and is welded on to the rail 8'
  • the bolt head 9a' presses against the rail 7.
  • the bolt is guided by a spring clip 19 which grips the flanges of the rail 7'.
  • each of said wall sections having inner and outer panels and facing flanges terminating in return bend U-shaped parallel edges, a channel frame positioned in each of said wall sections and having outwardly directed flanges cngaged within the flanges of said wall section, said channel flanges gripped at their terminal ends by said U-shaped edges thereby forming composite flanges on each of said panels, said means comprising spaced bendable channel shaped resilient rails having flared facing flanges engagwww ing the web of said channel frames, and the webs of said rails engaging coplanar adjacent composite flanges of the two adjacent wall sections, and a plurality of spaced separating elements arranged along the length of said rails for forcing said rails apart in their mid width so as to press them outwardly against the composite ilangcs of the two adjacent wall sections, each of said separating elements being formed as a rod-like member turnably und non-slidably, retainably connected to one of said rails and

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Description

March 30, 1965 A. BREKELI. ETAL 3,175,652
MEANS FOR INTERCONNECTING ADJACENT WALL SECTIONS med Deo. 1s, 1961 mlllll United States Patent() 3,175,652 MEANS FOR INTERCONNECTING ADJACEN'I WALL SECTIONS Arne Brekell, Boras, and Bengt Skoglund, Stockholm,
Sweden, assignors to Aktiebolaget Svenska Flktfabriken, Stockholm, Sweden Filed Dec. 13, 1961, Ser. No. 159,132 Claims priority, applilcatiol/geden, Dec. 14, 1960,
7 1 Claim. (Cl. 189-36) This invention relates to means for interconnecting adjacent wall sections having facing U-shaped edges to provide for expansion therebetween and has for an object the provision of improvements in this art.
Standardized, factory-made wall sections of this kind are now in common use in industry for the construction of ovens and drying chambers, and for enclosing various machines in order to reduce initial capital expenditure and simplify erection work. Walls constructed in this way are very light and can be adapted easily and inexpensively to meet stringent requirements of good thermal in- `sulation. The joining of the sections, however, has proved to be a problem that is difficult to solve, especially for the walls of drying chambers, where the damp atmosphere inside the chamber necessitates airtight joints, and where the walls are subjected to great expansive forces due to the high temperatures most frequently prevailing in the chamber. Joining methods and arrangements used hitherto for these applications have proved not to fulfill stipulated conditions in the respects mentioned, or they have been too complicated and time-consuming to find a general use.
The invention, the object of which is to eliminate said difficulties and provide a simple, rapid and efficient joining of such wall sections, is characterized in that two rails are inserted into the channel-like cavity which is formed between the edge flanges of the sections, said rails extending along and covering the joints and being adopted to be moved away from each other by means of a number of separating elements in a direction at right angles to the plane of the wall and thereby caused to tighteningly press against the respective edge flanges.
The invention also includes a suitable arrangement for carrying out the method. The fundamental and characteristic feature of this arrangement is that the separating elements are made up of a number of screw bolts,` and that one of the rails is provided with a corresponding number of threaded holes or with nuts attached to the rail and designed to engage said screw bolts, which by turning are caused to press their free end against the opposite rail and thereby force the two rails apart, so that they press against the edge flanges of the sections.
According to a suitable embodiment of the arrangement the rails are manufactured of resilient material, e.g. sheet steel formed as a channel-shaped beam with slightly diverging anges in order to allow for any expansion caused by thermal changes and thereby maintain the intended sealing action.
In order to facilitate the joining, it is advantageous that the rails, together with pertaining screw bolts and insulation, are delivered to the side as finished units. To permit this and to keep the ralis together the free ends of the bolts are provided with a stud which can be inserted in holes in the opposite rail and on the outside of the rail can be given an upset head or be provided with another looking means to keep the rail in position.
The design of the separating elements can be varied in several ways within the scope of the invention. For example the bolts could be fitted between the two rails with their heads pressing against one rail and with their opposite ends screwed into nuts attached to this rail,
3,175,652 Patented Mar. 30, 1965 the threaded end being provided with a slot or flats for a key by means of which the bolt could be turned. With this design also the rails could be held together as one unit if the screw bolts are maintained in position by means of springs which clasp one rail in a firm or sliding grip.
In order to ensure that the joints are completely airtight on assembly, at least one of the rails should be fitted with a sealing packing on the outside, preferably of heat-resisting material.
The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawing which shows a detail of two wall sections joined according to the invention, and where FIG. 1 shows the wall sections joined by means of rails and separating elements in accordance with one embodiment of the invention, and
FIG. 2 shows a similar joint with assembly elements according to a second embodiment.
In the drawing 1 and 2 designate two similar wall sections made up of inner and outer panels, 3 and 4 respectively, attached to a frame 5 of channel iron having outwardly directed flanges 5a and 5b engaging the flange portions 3a and 4a of the panels (forming composite flanges) and with insulation material 6 between the panels. Two sheet steel rails, 7 and 8, having flared facing flanges are inserted into the channel-like cavity which is formed between composite flanges having return bend U-shaped parallel edges la and 1b and 2a and 2b, of the two sections. The rails can be forced apart by means of a number of separating elements, in the present instance screw bolts 9, in a direction at right angles to the plane of the wall and thereby caused to tighteningly press against the respective edge flanges.
In order to make the joint completely air-tight, one railin the case shown rail 7-is provided with a sealing packing 10 of heat-resisting material. 11 designates insulation material inserted between rails 7 and 8. In the embodiment shown in FIG. l the screw bolt 9 engages a nut 12 welded to the rail 8, and the bolt is turned by its head 9a, accessible through the open joint towards the outside. The other end of the bolt presses against rail 7 which is provided with a guiding slot 13 or a number of recesses. ln order to keep the rails together the screw bolt 9 is fitted with a stud 14 which can be inserted through a hole in rail 7 and given an upset head on the outside. 15 designates a washer fitted under the upset head.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the screw bolts 9 are placed in the opposite direction. Here the bolt is screwed into a clip 16, which functions as a nut and is welded on to the rail 8', and the bolt head 9a' presses against the rail 7. In order to permit the bolt to be turned its free end is provided with a slot 17 accessible through a hole 18 in the rail 8'. In this case the bolt is guided by a spring clip 19 which grips the flanges of the rail 7'. The design of the screw bolts and guiding elements can be varied in several ways within the scope of the invention, and the figures illustrate only some exemplifying embodiments.
What we claim is:
Means for interconnecting adjacent wall sections, each of said wall sections having inner and outer panels and facing flanges terminating in return bend U-shaped parallel edges, a channel frame positioned in each of said wall sections and having outwardly directed flanges cngaged within the flanges of said wall section, said channel flanges gripped at their terminal ends by said U-shaped edges thereby forming composite flanges on each of said panels, said means comprising spaced bendable channel shaped resilient rails having flared facing flanges engagwww ing the web of said channel frames, and the webs of said rails engaging coplanar adjacent composite flanges of the two adjacent wall sections, and a plurality of spaced separating elements arranged along the length of said rails for forcing said rails apart in their mid width so as to press them outwardly against the composite ilangcs of the two adjacent wall sections, each of said separating elements being formed as a rod-like member turnably und non-slidably, retainably connected to one of said rails and screw-threadedly retained by the other of said rails, thc rodlike member having one end exposed beyond one of said rails in a position to be engaged and turned by a tool from the outside.
4 References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 4/16 Clasen 189--34 X 7/57 Bergman 189-36 9/57 Dennison 189-34 5/59 Keller 189-36 4/60 Keller 189-36 8/61 Gebhard 189-36 10 RICHARD W. COOKE, IR., Primary Examiner.
JOEL REZNEK, JACOB L. NACKENOFF, Examiners.
US3175652D 1960-12-14 Means for interconnecting adjacent wall sections Expired - Lifetime US3175652A (en)

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Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3336709A (en) * 1965-01-22 1967-08-22 Mosaic Building Products Inc Prefabricated building panel wall
US3434263A (en) * 1965-07-19 1969-03-25 Keystone Consolidated Ind Inc Shear link and method of using same
US3527005A (en) * 1968-11-12 1970-09-08 Bert M Slavens Wall construction with compressible splines
US3699734A (en) * 1969-05-19 1972-10-24 Anning Johnson Co Partitioning system having removable panels
US3924374A (en) * 1974-06-07 1975-12-09 Millet Roux & Cie Ltee Wall structure for hospital rooms
US4145856A (en) * 1976-10-12 1979-03-27 Wise William D Tolerance adjustment device
EP0031039A1 (en) * 1979-12-21 1981-07-01 G + H MONTAGE GmbH Tower shaped shielding for radio-engineering systems
WO1993002261A1 (en) * 1991-07-16 1993-02-04 Maploca Of Illinois, Inc. Building system for reinforced concrete construction
WO2003085342A1 (en) * 2002-04-05 2003-10-16 Bühler AG Sealing arrangement
US20050091869A1 (en) * 2002-04-05 2005-05-05 Buhler Ag Sealing arrangement
US6945001B1 (en) * 2000-05-01 2005-09-20 Masao Suzuki Building using external facing material for construction
US20070251183A1 (en) * 2006-04-13 2007-11-01 Chinniah Thiagarajan Apparatus for connecting panels
US20100287858A1 (en) * 2009-05-13 2010-11-18 Sabic Innovative Plastics Ip B.V. Connector assemblies for connecting panels
US9074372B2 (en) 2012-04-26 2015-07-07 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Connector assemblies for connecting panels
US9312411B2 (en) 2012-04-26 2016-04-12 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Connector assemblies for connecting panels, panels with connector assemblies

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0011239B2 (en) * 1978-11-09 1989-03-15 G + H MONTAGE GmbH Sound-absorbing wall
AU619366B2 (en) * 1988-12-16 1992-01-23 Paul H. Hartman Radially expandable edge connector system
US5090137A (en) * 1990-01-16 1992-02-25 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Perimeter seal for split enclosure drying hoods
US6220651B1 (en) 1996-09-12 2001-04-24 Wabash Technology Corporation Composite joint configuration
US5860693A (en) * 1996-09-12 1999-01-19 Wabash National Corporation Composite joint configuration
US5938274A (en) * 1997-11-14 1999-08-17 Wabash National Corporation Coining offset into edge of composite plate members for forming trailer doors and walls
US5997076A (en) * 1998-07-27 1999-12-07 Wabash National Corporation Logistics at composite panel vertical joints
ES2547690T3 (en) 2013-03-22 2015-10-08 Sturm Maschinen- & Anlagenbau Gmbh Wall plate for a drying installation and procedure for manufacturing the wall plate
US10676011B2 (en) 2017-02-14 2020-06-09 Wabash National, L.P. Logistic rail assembly for a composite panel

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1178491A (en) * 1914-02-18 1916-04-11 Bettendorf Co Railway-car construction.
US2801141A (en) * 1956-06-08 1957-07-30 Art Steel Company Inc Composite table structure and connecting clamp therefor
US2805739A (en) * 1953-03-09 1957-09-10 Louis M Dennison Hollow panel
US2888112A (en) * 1956-04-13 1959-05-26 Robert R Keller Panel joints and panel joining devices
US2933167A (en) * 1955-10-04 1960-04-19 Robert R Keller Panel joints and panel joining devices
US2994414A (en) * 1958-01-06 1961-08-01 Paul C Gebhard Corner fastening for doors, windows and the like

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH335841A (en) * 1954-12-17 1959-01-31 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Device for connecting prefabricated components

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1178491A (en) * 1914-02-18 1916-04-11 Bettendorf Co Railway-car construction.
US2805739A (en) * 1953-03-09 1957-09-10 Louis M Dennison Hollow panel
US2933167A (en) * 1955-10-04 1960-04-19 Robert R Keller Panel joints and panel joining devices
US2888112A (en) * 1956-04-13 1959-05-26 Robert R Keller Panel joints and panel joining devices
US2801141A (en) * 1956-06-08 1957-07-30 Art Steel Company Inc Composite table structure and connecting clamp therefor
US2994414A (en) * 1958-01-06 1961-08-01 Paul C Gebhard Corner fastening for doors, windows and the like

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3336709A (en) * 1965-01-22 1967-08-22 Mosaic Building Products Inc Prefabricated building panel wall
US3434263A (en) * 1965-07-19 1969-03-25 Keystone Consolidated Ind Inc Shear link and method of using same
US3527005A (en) * 1968-11-12 1970-09-08 Bert M Slavens Wall construction with compressible splines
US3699734A (en) * 1969-05-19 1972-10-24 Anning Johnson Co Partitioning system having removable panels
US3924374A (en) * 1974-06-07 1975-12-09 Millet Roux & Cie Ltee Wall structure for hospital rooms
US4145856A (en) * 1976-10-12 1979-03-27 Wise William D Tolerance adjustment device
EP0031039A1 (en) * 1979-12-21 1981-07-01 G + H MONTAGE GmbH Tower shaped shielding for radio-engineering systems
WO1993002261A1 (en) * 1991-07-16 1993-02-04 Maploca Of Illinois, Inc. Building system for reinforced concrete construction
US5216860A (en) * 1991-07-16 1993-06-08 Maploca Of Illinois, Inc. Building system for reinforced concrete construction
US6945001B1 (en) * 2000-05-01 2005-09-20 Masao Suzuki Building using external facing material for construction
US20050091869A1 (en) * 2002-04-05 2005-05-05 Buhler Ag Sealing arrangement
WO2003085342A1 (en) * 2002-04-05 2003-10-16 Bühler AG Sealing arrangement
US7481007B2 (en) 2002-04-05 2009-01-27 Buhler Ag Sealing arrangement
CN1643321B (en) * 2002-04-05 2010-10-06 布勒公司 Sealing arrangement
US20070251183A1 (en) * 2006-04-13 2007-11-01 Chinniah Thiagarajan Apparatus for connecting panels
US8074418B2 (en) 2006-04-13 2011-12-13 Sabic Innovations Plastics IP B.V. Apparatus for connecting panels
US8191329B2 (en) 2006-04-13 2012-06-05 Sabic Innovative Plastics Ip B.V. Apparatus for connecting panels
US20100287858A1 (en) * 2009-05-13 2010-11-18 Sabic Innovative Plastics Ip B.V. Connector assemblies for connecting panels
US9562356B2 (en) 2009-05-13 2017-02-07 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Connector assemblies for connecting panels
US9074372B2 (en) 2012-04-26 2015-07-07 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Connector assemblies for connecting panels
US9312411B2 (en) 2012-04-26 2016-04-12 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Connector assemblies for connecting panels, panels with connector assemblies

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GB946984A (en) 1964-01-15
DE1299549B (en) 1969-07-17

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