US3173163A - Flagged brush bristles - Google Patents

Flagged brush bristles Download PDF

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Publication number
US3173163A
US3173163A US269078A US26907863A US3173163A US 3173163 A US3173163 A US 3173163A US 269078 A US269078 A US 269078A US 26907863 A US26907863 A US 26907863A US 3173163 A US3173163 A US 3173163A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
bristles
flagged
filaments
brush
weight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US269078A
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English (en)
Inventor
Frank R Cramton
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
E B & A C Whiting Co
Eb & Ac Whiting Co
Original Assignee
E B & A C Whiting Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by E B & A C Whiting Co filed Critical E B & A C Whiting Co
Priority to US269078A priority Critical patent/US3173163A/en
Priority to GB12834/64A priority patent/GB1008670A/en
Priority to BE645876D priority patent/BE645876A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3173163A publication Critical patent/US3173163A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46—BRUSHWARE
    • A46D—MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
    • A46D1/00—Bristles; Selection of materials for bristles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/44—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
    • D01F6/46—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyolefins
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S260/00—Chemistry of carbon compounds
    • Y10S260/32—Incompatible blend
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
    • Y10S264/47—Processes of splitting film, webs or sheets

Definitions

  • This invention relates to novel synthetic resin filaments for use as bristles in brushes. More particularly, this invention relates to flagged brush bristles comprising polypropylene and to a brush made from such bristles.
  • nylon absorbs substantial amounts of water thus resulting in a flexible limp bristle.
  • abrasion resistance of these bristles has not always been satisfactory. Abrasion resistance and stiffness are of prime importance when making bristles primarily designed for heavy duty jobs such as in street brushes.
  • a longitudinally oriented filament or bristle consisting essentially of from about 5% to about 95% by weight of a polyolefin such as polyethylene or polypropylene, the remainder being substantially an incompatible synthetic resin selected from the group consisting of polystyrene and styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers.
  • the polyolefin is preferably isotactic polypropylene.
  • the flagged filament or bristle is produced by preparing a mixture of from about 5% to about 95% polyolefin, the remainder being either polystyrene or a copolymer of styrene and acrylonitrile, introducing the mixture into a heating zone, melt extruding a filament from the mixture, quenching, subsequently heat softening the filament and longitudinally stretch orienting the filament.
  • the quenching bath may be either hot or cold depending upon which constitutient is used in major proportions.
  • a cold quenching bath is generally used when the major constituent is polypropylene.
  • the filament After the filament has been softened, it is stretched longitudinally to increase the molecular orientation along the filament axis. Any amount of stretching will increase the molecular orientation. However, maximum benefits are obtained by stretching the filaments from about 6 to about 11 or more times the length thereof.
  • the preferred polyolefin which may be used in the practice of this invention is isotactic polypropylene which is a high molecular weight (i.e., above about 45,000) solid polymer exhibiting a crystalline X-ray difiraction pattern. Such a polymer has a density between 0.90 and 0.94 and a melting point above about 320 F.
  • These polymers may be prepared by methods now well known in the art such as by the procedures described by G. Natta in the Journal of Polymer Science, vol. XVI, pp. 143 to 154 (1955) and in US. Patents 2,882,263; 2,874,153 and 2,913,442.
  • the polystyrene and styrene-acrylonitrilecopolymer which may be used in the practice of this invention may be any high molecular Weight (i.e. above about 45,000) polymer.
  • the copolymer preferably should contain from about 20% to about 40% acrylonitrile.
  • the filaments or bristles produced according to this invention are extremely useful in the production of tufts of bristles which are readily mounted in brush heads for use as paint brushes, scrub brushes, broom, street brushes, etc.
  • Brushes produced according to the practice of this invention are more resistant to abrasion and moisture than are any of the prior art bristles. They are also resistant to various organic solvents which may deleteriously affect bristles containing a polyamide.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a suitable overall arrangement of apparatus for producing the filaments according'to this invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of a flagged bristle made according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a view of a section of a brush in which the bristles of this invention are adapted fo use.
  • a hopper 10 contains a homogeneous mix ture 11 of polyolefin pellets such as isotactic polypropylene and a styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer in predetermined proportions.
  • the mixture 11 may be preheated in the hopper 10 if desired.
  • From the hopper 10 the mixture is conveyed by means of a heated extrusion chamber 12 to a heated extrusion head 13 which contains an extrusion die 13a.
  • the tem perature of the mixture is raised to above the melting point of the mixture. It is extruded through suitably shaped orifices in the extrusion die 13a into one or more filaments 14.
  • a preferred extrusion temperature for a mixture of isotactic polypropylene and polystyrene is about 480 F.
  • the filaments 14 are extruded at a linear rate of from about 18 to about 50 feet per minute from the orifices, the size of which may range from about 10 mils to about 250 mils in diameter.
  • the filaments 14 are transported around a stationary pin 18 in the quench bath 15 and then over the roll 19 and into the hot air conditioning oven 22. In the oven, the extruded filaments are transported over a number of rolls 2 0, which may be heated, in a sinuous or zig-zag path, as heated air is circulated from overhead. As the filaments pass through the heating zone, each succeeding driven roll 20 over which the filaments 14 pass is driven at a slightly increased peripheral speed from that of the preceding roll so as to prevent the filaments from sagging appreciably.
  • the primary purpose of the series of driven rolls is to provide a heat exchange relationship between the filaments 14 and the heated air in the oven whereby the filaments are uniformly softened by heat.
  • the filaments are snubbed with a three roll assembly 21, each roll of which is driven at about the same as or a higher peripheral Speed than that of the last driven roll 20.
  • a fast snub roll assembly 23 is provided just outside the oven 22 which is driven at a peripheral speed of about 6 to 11 times that of the assembly rolls 21.
  • the filaments 14 are stretched from about 6 to 11 times their length. Stretching increases the molecular orientation along the fiber axis.
  • the drawn, oriented filaments 14 are thereafter collected on reel 24 which is supported on frame 25. Thereafter, the wound filaments may be cut in appropriate lengths and flagged. Alternatively, the reels may be shipped to the brush manufacturer and subsequently flagged by the manufacturer either before or after the brush if formed.
  • tufts of filaments may be mounted in a brush head and held against a propeller-like blade which is rotated in such a manner as to abuse the filament ends.
  • each bristle 14 is split into many longitudinal sub-filaments or bristles 27, which in turn are split into progressively finer sub-filaments v28.
  • the bristles 14 are then grouped together into tufts and inserted into retaining means (i.e. holes, clamps, etc.) 31- on a rotary street brush base 32 as shown in FIG. 3.
  • retaining means i.e. holes, clamps, etc.
  • tuft ends appear as fine subfilaments 28.
  • Example 1 Eighty (80) parts by weight of isotactic polypropylene pellets having an average molecular weight of about 100,000, a density of 0.90 and a crystalline melting point of 332 F. is admixed with 20 parts by weight of a copolymer of acrylonitrile and 65% styrene. The mixture is fed into a screw extruder of the type shown in FIG. 1 having a 2.5 inch screw diameter. The die plate contains 3 extrusion orifices, each having a circular shape. The heating jacket is heated to a temperature of about 480 F. and the bristles are extruded at a linear rate of 35 feet per minute from the orifices.
  • the filaments are then passed through a quench bath maintained at a temperature of about 60 F. to solidify them. They are then fed into a heating chamber and heated to a temperature of about 300 F. before they leave the chamber. After leaving the heating chamber, the filaments are stretched to about 7 times their original length.
  • Example 2 Eighty parts by weight of isotactic polypropylene pellets are admixed with 20 parts by weight of polystyrene pellets, each having a molecular weight of above 45,000, and processed according to the procedure described in Example 1. The flagged bristles thus formed possess improved resistance to abrasion and moisture.
  • Example 3 Eighty (80) parts by weight of polystyrene pellets are admixed with 20 parts by weight of isotactic polypropylene pellets and processed according to the procedures described in Example 1. However, the quench bath temperature is maintained at 130 F. The flagged bristles produced accordingly possess good abrasion resistance.
  • Example 4 Twenty (20) parts by weight of isotactic polypropylene pellets are admixed with 80 parts by weight of styreneacrylonitrile copolymer pellets and processed according to the procedures described in Example 1, except that the temperature of the quench is maintained at 120 F. The flagged bristle produced accordingly possess good abrasion resistance.
  • a longitudinally oriented flagged brush bristle consisting essentially of a mixture of from about 5% to about 95% by Weight of isotactic polypropylene, the remainder being substantially an incompatible synthetic resin selected from the group consisting of polystyrene and styrene-acrylonitr-ile copolymers.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Brushes (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
US269078A 1963-03-29 1963-03-29 Flagged brush bristles Expired - Lifetime US3173163A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US269078A US3173163A (en) 1963-03-29 1963-03-29 Flagged brush bristles
GB12834/64A GB1008670A (en) 1963-03-29 1964-03-26 Improvements in or relating to flagged filaments
BE645876D BE645876A (pt) 1963-03-29 1964-03-27

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US269078A US3173163A (en) 1963-03-29 1963-03-29 Flagged brush bristles

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US3173163A true US3173163A (en) 1965-03-16

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BE (1) BE645876A (pt)
GB (1) GB1008670A (pt)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3499822A (en) * 1965-02-23 1970-03-10 Rasmussen O B Extruded,expanded mat-like or web-like fibrillar sheet assembly and method for its production
US3666834A (en) * 1970-07-29 1972-05-30 Mobil Oil Corp Oriented thermoplastic films comprising polypropylene and poly(para-tertiary-butyl-styrene)
US3922455A (en) * 1972-05-23 1975-11-25 Ingrip Fasteners Linear element with grafted nibs and method therefor
USD244728S (en) * 1976-04-19 1977-06-21 Kael Diane I Dual handled hair brush
US4115620A (en) * 1977-01-19 1978-09-19 Hercules Incorporated Conjugate filaments
US4183845A (en) * 1977-09-26 1980-01-15 American Can Company Melt extrudable polypropylene-polystyrene composition and method
US4237190A (en) * 1977-09-26 1980-12-02 American Can Company Propylene/polystyrene composition and substrates coated with such compositions
US4239822A (en) * 1977-09-26 1980-12-16 American Can Company Propylene/polystyrene composition and method for coating
US4255531A (en) * 1978-12-20 1981-03-10 Mobil Oil Corporation Blends with poly(p-methylstyrene)
US4673711A (en) * 1985-05-16 1987-06-16 Mobil Oil Corporation Polymer blend and method for obtaining same
US4814385A (en) * 1987-10-09 1989-03-21 Mobil Oil Corporation Films of blends of linear ethylene polymers and acrylonitrile polymers and copolymers
US5032456A (en) * 1987-09-11 1991-07-16 Newell Operating Company Microcellular synthetic paintbrush bristles
WO1992010114A1 (en) * 1990-12-14 1992-06-25 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Flaggable synthetic tapered paintbrush bristles
WO1999024649A1 (de) * 1997-11-05 1999-05-20 Pedex & Co. Gmbh Monofil für und zur herstellung von borsten oder interdentalreiniger, sowie borstenware mit solchen borsten und interdentalreiniger
US20010016963A1 (en) * 1998-09-14 2001-08-30 Georges Driesen Bristle for a toothbrush, particularly for an electric toothbrush, and method for its manufacture
US6316114B1 (en) * 1996-10-07 2001-11-13 Applied Extrusion Technologies, Inc. Barrier films based on blends of polypropylene and ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer
US6506327B2 (en) 1997-11-05 2003-01-14 Pedex & Co. Gmbh Process of making monofilaments
US7152266B1 (en) * 2003-03-27 2006-12-26 Delaine Haughton Scrubbing device

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2282002A (en) * 1937-11-09 1942-05-05 Int Standard Electric Corp Method of incorporating polymerized aliphatic mono-olefins in polymerized styrene
US2812530A (en) * 1955-06-28 1957-11-12 Mack Molding Company Inc Flagged bristle and brush made from same
US2945827A (en) * 1956-01-05 1960-07-19 Western Electric Co Polyethylene coated with wax and polystyrene or polytetrafluoroethylene and preparation of cellular article therefrom
US2957847A (en) * 1953-12-11 1960-10-25 Monsanto Chemicals Blends of styrene/acrylonitrile copolymers with ethylene/vinylene carbonate copolymers
GB853802A (en) * 1958-03-05 1960-11-09 Monsanto Chemicals Refining thermoplastic resins
GB885926A (en) * 1957-12-13 1962-01-03 Hoechst Ag Process for the manufacture of polyvinyl chloride bristles capable of being slit
US3017238A (en) * 1960-04-07 1962-01-16 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Method for solvent spinning polyolefins
US3050821A (en) * 1960-01-08 1962-08-28 Du Pont High bulk textile fibers
US3059991A (en) * 1959-03-20 1962-10-23 E B & A C Whiting Company Method of making oriented filamentary article of isotactic polypropylene
US3065190A (en) * 1959-11-09 1962-11-20 Dow Chemical Co Method for making extruded polyethylene foams which contain a styrene polymer
US3118161A (en) * 1963-03-13 1964-01-21 E B & A C Whiting Company Foamed polypropylene filaments
US3121040A (en) * 1962-10-19 1964-02-11 Polymers Inc Unoriented polyolefin filaments

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2282002A (en) * 1937-11-09 1942-05-05 Int Standard Electric Corp Method of incorporating polymerized aliphatic mono-olefins in polymerized styrene
US2957847A (en) * 1953-12-11 1960-10-25 Monsanto Chemicals Blends of styrene/acrylonitrile copolymers with ethylene/vinylene carbonate copolymers
US2812530A (en) * 1955-06-28 1957-11-12 Mack Molding Company Inc Flagged bristle and brush made from same
US2945827A (en) * 1956-01-05 1960-07-19 Western Electric Co Polyethylene coated with wax and polystyrene or polytetrafluoroethylene and preparation of cellular article therefrom
GB885926A (en) * 1957-12-13 1962-01-03 Hoechst Ag Process for the manufacture of polyvinyl chloride bristles capable of being slit
GB853802A (en) * 1958-03-05 1960-11-09 Monsanto Chemicals Refining thermoplastic resins
US3059991A (en) * 1959-03-20 1962-10-23 E B & A C Whiting Company Method of making oriented filamentary article of isotactic polypropylene
US3065190A (en) * 1959-11-09 1962-11-20 Dow Chemical Co Method for making extruded polyethylene foams which contain a styrene polymer
US3050821A (en) * 1960-01-08 1962-08-28 Du Pont High bulk textile fibers
US3017238A (en) * 1960-04-07 1962-01-16 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Method for solvent spinning polyolefins
US3121040A (en) * 1962-10-19 1964-02-11 Polymers Inc Unoriented polyolefin filaments
US3118161A (en) * 1963-03-13 1964-01-21 E B & A C Whiting Company Foamed polypropylene filaments

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3499822A (en) * 1965-02-23 1970-03-10 Rasmussen O B Extruded,expanded mat-like or web-like fibrillar sheet assembly and method for its production
US3666834A (en) * 1970-07-29 1972-05-30 Mobil Oil Corp Oriented thermoplastic films comprising polypropylene and poly(para-tertiary-butyl-styrene)
US3922455A (en) * 1972-05-23 1975-11-25 Ingrip Fasteners Linear element with grafted nibs and method therefor
USD244728S (en) * 1976-04-19 1977-06-21 Kael Diane I Dual handled hair brush
US4115620A (en) * 1977-01-19 1978-09-19 Hercules Incorporated Conjugate filaments
US4183845A (en) * 1977-09-26 1980-01-15 American Can Company Melt extrudable polypropylene-polystyrene composition and method
US4237190A (en) * 1977-09-26 1980-12-02 American Can Company Propylene/polystyrene composition and substrates coated with such compositions
US4239822A (en) * 1977-09-26 1980-12-16 American Can Company Propylene/polystyrene composition and method for coating
US4255531A (en) * 1978-12-20 1981-03-10 Mobil Oil Corporation Blends with poly(p-methylstyrene)
US4673711A (en) * 1985-05-16 1987-06-16 Mobil Oil Corporation Polymer blend and method for obtaining same
US5032456A (en) * 1987-09-11 1991-07-16 Newell Operating Company Microcellular synthetic paintbrush bristles
US4814385A (en) * 1987-10-09 1989-03-21 Mobil Oil Corporation Films of blends of linear ethylene polymers and acrylonitrile polymers and copolymers
WO1992010114A1 (en) * 1990-12-14 1992-06-25 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Flaggable synthetic tapered paintbrush bristles
US6316114B1 (en) * 1996-10-07 2001-11-13 Applied Extrusion Technologies, Inc. Barrier films based on blends of polypropylene and ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer
WO1999024649A1 (de) * 1997-11-05 1999-05-20 Pedex & Co. Gmbh Monofil für und zur herstellung von borsten oder interdentalreiniger, sowie borstenware mit solchen borsten und interdentalreiniger
US6506327B2 (en) 1997-11-05 2003-01-14 Pedex & Co. Gmbh Process of making monofilaments
US20010016963A1 (en) * 1998-09-14 2001-08-30 Georges Driesen Bristle for a toothbrush, particularly for an electric toothbrush, and method for its manufacture
US6871373B2 (en) 1998-09-14 2005-03-29 Braun Gmbh Bristle for a toothbrush, particularly for an electric toothbrush, and method for its manufacture
US7152266B1 (en) * 2003-03-27 2006-12-26 Delaine Haughton Scrubbing device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE645876A (pt) 1964-07-16
GB1008670A (en) 1965-11-03

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