US317077A

US317077A - belcher

Info

Publication number: US317077A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1885-05-05
Anticipated expiration: 1902-05-05

Description

(No Model.)

H. P. BBLCHBR.

MOSAIC 0F GLASS AND LEAD GLAZINSl No. 317,077.l

Pagent'ed May 5,1885.-

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' Ui\uTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY FfBELCHER, OF IRVINGTON, NEW JERSEY.

MOSAIC or GLASS AND LEAD en AzlNe.`

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 317,077, dated May 5,1885.

' Application filed September 1, 1884. `(No model.)

To all whom it may concern: 1

Be it known that I, HENRY F. BELoHER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Irvington, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Mosaics of Glass and Lead Glazing; and I do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specication. p y

This invention relates to certain improvements in mineral mosaics and the process of manufacturing the same, set forth in a patent granted to me August 12, 1884, No. 303,359, the object being to secure to the mosaic an improved appearance, increased strength and durability, and to more uniformly perfect frame-Work.

The invention consists in the improved mosaic and the process of manufacturing the same, substantially as will be hereinafter set forth, and finally be' embodied in the clauses of the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, in which like lettersof reference indicate corresponding parts in each of the gures, Figure 1 is a plan of a portion of a mold employed in the improved process. Fig.` 2 is a section of the mold taken through line x; and Fig. 3 is a section taken through line y, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a plan of a i mold, showing certain arrangements hereinafter set forth. Fig. 5 is a plan of a skeleton rrame employed in forming the complete mosaic:l and Fig. 6 is a section taken through line c, Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a sectional view of a completed mosaic with projecting jewels.

In carrying out the invention, I arrange' the glass or mineral plates A of the mosaic on a suitable table or support in separated relations to each other, so that channels or passages will be formed around and between them. Over said channels or passages and connecting said plates is laid a strip or strips of thin sheet metal, preferably of brass, the edges of which may slightly overlap said plates, as in. Figs. 4 and 6. Over said plates and metallic channelcoverings is pressed a gummed or adhesive sheet of asbestos or other suitable material, which binds said parts together. In

this condition the sheet of asbestus, with the mineral and metallic parts adhering thereto,

is turned over, the said parts remaining, however, in the same relation to each other, so

that the channels or passages are again brought` -The metallic covering may be omitted from one side, should I desire to have on one side of the mosaic the cast-metal core of the framework exposed to `view. The parts thus described are then placed Vin a suitable mold or placed in a clamp, turned edgewise, and the passages filled with molten metal, which, hardening, forms a core between the edges of the glass, and, uniting with the sheet-metal coverings, holds the same in position. Said sheet metal in overlapping the plates holds the same more firmly in position. i i

Io causethe molten metal to remain in a perfect state of liquefaction and to flow freely in and through the passages between the parts thus described, even though the said passages be extremely narrow,when it is desired to produce fine lead-lines,77 and tohold the `asbestus more evenly and perfectly against thesides ofthe said parts,and furthermore, to facilitate the process of casting, I prepare the mold substantially as follows: Said mold is composed of duplicate parts, Figs. 2 and 3,with a chamber between, into which molten metal, which may betermed back metal#7 is poured before the metal intended for the frame of the mosaic is run into the channels between the glass plates. This back metal raises the temperature of the different parts of the mold and the inclosed glass to a uniformly high degree of temperature,whereby the glass is prevented from breaking when the frame metal is subsequently poured, and also prevents said frame metal from prematurely cooling. Said back metal, as will be obvious, enters all the inequalities of the asbestus backing to the glass, caused by the'unequal thicknesses of the pieces of said glass and the metallic coverings lying against the sides of said glass, and pressing against the said metal and glass pieces pre-` vents the frame metal from separating the as thereof.

bestus from the sides of the said sheet metal and glass pieces, and allowing the said frame metal to flow between to the injury of the said 131082.10.

The molds, as above intimated, are in duplicate, a being the back-metal chamber surrounded, except at the mouth, by a lining of asbestus felt or other non-combustible material, b b, of any suitable thickness. Each of the duplicate parts of said mold is provided with a feeding-channel, t, branch passages t', through which the molten metal flows to the channels or passages between the glass, and vents or outlets t for the escape of air, gas,or superfluous metal. Said channels, passages, and outlets are formed by suitable sheets or strips of asbestus felt u.

O indicates the gummed or adhesive sheets before referred to. D are the clampingsurfaces having a suitable non-combustible lining, e, and F are clamps binding the whole together.

In preparing the surface or finishing metal of the frame-work, I prefer to coat the thin sheet metal from which it is obtained with varnish, and then mark or trace upon the varnished surface with a suitable steel point or tool the desired pattern of the frame-work. I thus expose the metal to the action of acids, which, when applied, cut through the metal at said lines or tracing-marks and sever the frame from the body of the sheet.

The core portion of the frame-work may be covered with ,a superficial metallic finishing covering in any other way-for example, by nickle-plating. When a sheet-metal covering is employed, the same may be prepared to cover the channels in any suitable manner. For example, when I wish to employ said covering with projecting jewels, as in Fig. 7, I may stamp out with a die or tool holes or perforations of a size to receive the projecting portionsof the jewel, but catch the shoulder A second corresponding sheet may be placed on the under side to cover the under edges of said jewel and the whole united by molten metal, as in the manner before described, or in any other manner.

To give coherency and increased stiffness to the mosaic, so that it is better able to resist the iniuence of the wind or other lateral pressure, I may insert or cast at steel wire, similar to that known as hoop-skirt wire,77 transversely in the frame, as shown at p, Fig. 7. This, while being generically similar to the core-wire in my former patent above mentioned, is specificallyan improvement thereon, in that it adds increased lateral stiness to the mosaic.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new is l. In a mosaic for windows and other purposes, the combination, with the mineral plates A, of a cast-metal frame-work having a superiicial metallic finishing-covering,substantially as set forth.

2. As an improved article of manufacture,

the mosaic consisting of glass or mineral plates having a castmetal frame-work provided with a sheet-metal facing, substantially as set forth.

3. A mosaic consisting, essentially, of glass or mineral plates having a metal frame-work to hold said plates together, said frame being of cast metal between the edges of said plates and of sheet metal at the exposed surfaces, said sheet metal overlapping the plates to more securely hold the same in position.

4. In a mosaic, the flat-wire core cast transversely in the frame-work, substantially as shown andpdescribed.

5. The process of manufacturing mosaics of glass or other mineral plates, to wit: of arranging saw-plates in a separated relation to one another between clamping-surfaces provided with a back metal receptacle or chamber separate from the glass, of filling said receptacle with molten metal to raise the temperature of the glass and mold and secure a uniform resistance to the frame-metal, and filling the channels between said plates with molten metal, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

6. The process of forming mosaics of glass or other mineral plates, to wit: arranging the glass between sheets of asbestus or other suitable sheets, arranging duplicate sets of said sheets, with the glass between apart, in a mold to form a chamber between said sets, filling said chamber with molten metal, and subsequently casting a framefwork to unite the said glass plates, 'as set forth.

7. The process of forming mosaics, to wit: of arranging mineral plates in a separated relation to one another to form channels or passages between, covering said channels with sheet metal, fixing the relations of said parts with an adhesive sheet, arrangingY the whole in a suitable mold, and casting a metallic frame-work in said passages to unite said mineral plates and sheet-metal covering, substantially as set forth.

8. The process of manufacturing metallic framework around mineral plates or portions in a mosaic, to wit: arranging said plates or portions in a separated relation to each other to form passages between, covering said passages with sheet metal, and casting molten metal in said passages to bind the parts together, substantially as set forth.

9. In the process of manufacturing mosaics of glass or other mineral plates, the process of raising the temperature of said plates and holding the asbestus clamping-sheets in close engagement with the sides thereof' by casting a molten back metal at the sides of said clamping-sheets opposite said glass portions prior to casting the frame metal, as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this 14th day of August, 1884.

lVitnesses: HENRY F. BELCHER.

F. F. CAMPBELL, OLIVER DRAKE.