US3170575A - Cushioning device for railroad car couplers - Google Patents

Cushioning device for railroad car couplers Download PDF

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US3170575A
US3170575A US337326A US33732664A US3170575A US 3170575 A US3170575 A US 3170575A US 337326 A US337326 A US 337326A US 33732664 A US33732664 A US 33732664A US 3170575 A US3170575 A US 3170575A
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hydraulic
liquid
cylinders
couplers
space
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James L Gibson
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G9/00—Draw-gear
    • B61G9/12—Continuous draw-gear combined with buffing appliances, e.g. incorporated in a centre sill
    • B61G9/16—Continuous draw-gear combined with buffing appliances, e.g. incorporated in a centre sill with fluid springs or fluid shock-absorbers; Combinations thereof

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  • This invention relates to cushioning devices for railroad car couplers and it concerns more particularly a combination hydraulic and pneumatic shock absorbing system for cushioning railroad cars against shock as. applied to the couplers, either upon starting the train, when the couplers are pulled in opposite directions, or upon sudden stopping or impact when the cars are bumped together.
  • the invention is an improvement over related apparatus described and claimed in my prior Patents Nos. 2,909,291 and 3,009,584. p
  • the invention contemplates a shock absorbing system as described which is common to the couplers on opposite ends of a railroad -car whereby buff or impact forces applied to one of the couplers is transmitted to; the other coupler while at the same time both couplers are'elfectively cushioned.
  • the invention further contemplates a shock absorbing system as described which is characterized by its flexibility and in which a pair of hydraulic cylinders, each having a piston therein, are supported on the frame of the car immediately adjacent the couplers on opposite ends thereof, respectively, each of said pistons being opera- I tively connected to one -of the couplers, and in which two other hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders, which comprise the remainder of the apparatus as hereinafter described, may be positioned at any convenient location under the car.
  • a distinguishing feature of this invention whereby it is believed to be readily dstinguishable from the inventions described in my two earlier patents, is the arrangement of the two hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders above mentioned, each of which has a free floating piston therein and has a'liquid space and an air space in opposite ends thereof, on opposite sides of the piston, the air space of one of said hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders being filled with compressed air and the air space of the other of said hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders being filled with air of the respective first mentioned hydraulic cylinders to' the liquid space of said one of the hydrauliopne'umatic cylinders, while at the same time liquid is caused to flow V from the liquid space of said other of the hydraulicpneumatic cylinders to the liquid space in the opposite end of the respective first mentioned hydraulic cylinders. Similarly, upon longitudinal movement of the couplers in the opposite direction the direction of flow is reversed.
  • An advantageous feature of the invention is that the compressed air in said one of the hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders assists in returning the couplers to their original positions after havng been bumped.
  • the liquid space of said other of the hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders provides a reservoir of hydraulic liquid which is available as needed.
  • the liquid space of said other of the hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders communicates through a check valve and connecting line with the liquid space of said one of the hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders whereby the maintenance of a supply of liquid in the liquid spaceof said one of the hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders is .positively assured.
  • the lines whereby the liquid space of said other of the hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders is connected to the first mentioned hydraulic cylinders have flapper type check valves communicating therewith whereby liquid may flow freely in the direction'of the first mentioned hydraulic cylinders, and the fiappers of the check valves have small orifices therein whereby the flow of liquidin the opposite direction is restricted.
  • FIGURE 1 is a longitudinal view, partly in section taken on a median line, of apparatus embodying the invention.
  • FIGURE 2 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the manner in which the invention isapplied to a pair of couplers on opposite ends of a railroad car.
  • the numerals I 1, 2 designate generally a pair of couplers which are positioned on opposite ends of a railroad car (not shown).
  • the pistons in the first mentioned hydraulic cylinders Y are supported'in a sill 5 immediately adjacent the couplers'l, Z on opposite ends of the car.
  • the hydraulic cylinders 3, 4 each have a piston 6 therein, and'the shanks of the couplers 1, 2 are each pivotally connected, as at 7, to one end of a piston rod 3 whereby the pistons 6 are movable reciprocally in the hydraulic cylinders 3, 4 in response to reciprocal movement of the respective couplers 1, 2.
  • hydraulic-pneumaticv cylinders Two other cylinders 9, lil, hereinafter referred to as hydraulic-pneumaticv cylinders, which may be positioned at anyconvenient location under the car, have .free floating pistons 11, 12 therein and have liquid spaces13, 14 and air spaces '15, 16 in opposite ends thereof, on opposite sides of the pistons 11, 12 respectively.
  • the air space 15 of one of the hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders 9 is filled with compressed air, and the air space 16 of, the other of the hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders 10 is filled with atmospheric air.
  • Said other of the hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders 10 has a short fiuid conduit 19 communicating with the air space 16 thereof which is open to the atmosphere and is provided with a strainer 20.
  • the liquid spaces 13, 14 of the hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders9, 10 are in fluid communication, through'connecting lines 21, 22 and 23, 24, respectively, with liquid spaces 25, 26 in opposite ends of the hydraulic cylinders 3, 4, on opposite sides of the pistons 6 thereof.
  • liquid is caused to flow from theliquid v space 25 in one end of the respective hydraulic cylinders 3, to the liquid space 13 of the hydraulic-pneumatic cylinder 9, While at the same-time liquid is caused to how from, v
  • the pistons 6 have axial tapered valve elements 27021 the sides thereef opposite the piston rods 8-for coaction With restricted openings 23in the adjacent ends of the hydraulic cylinders 3, 4 communicating .with the lines 21,-, 23, respectively, whereby the restricted OpeningsZS adapted to'be gradually closed in response tolcngitudinal movement of the couplers 1, 2 to limit such longitudinal movement thereof in one d-irection, in which the couplers 1, 2, are advanced relative to each other.
  • the pressure in'the liquid spaces 25, -26, ofthe hydraulic cylinders 3,4 is equalizedthrough the liq'uidspaces l3, 14" of the hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders 9, 1t and the'connecting lines 21, 22 and 23, 24 Wherebythecouplers l; 2. are movable longitudinally substantially in unison. 1
  • the presence of liquid in the liquid spaces' 25,'26 of the hydraulic cylinders 3, 4 eliminates the possibility of air lay-passing the piston 6 'as might be-possihle in the referred topat'ents after lon'g use which would causesorne wear of the piston.
  • the liquid space 14 of'the hydraulic pneu- I matictcylinderltl provides a reservoir of hydraulic liquid 1 which is available asineededa a I he liquid space 14 ofthehydraulicpneumatic cylinder 7,

Description

Feb. 23, 1965 J. GIBSON CUSHIONING DEVICE FOR RAILROAD CAR COUPLERS Filed Jan. 13, 1964 JAMES L GIBSON INVENTOR.
Q ki 1? A TTO RNE Y 3,170,575 CUSHIGNING DEVICE FOR RAILROAD CAR COUPLERS- James L. Gibson, P.0. Box 761, Fort Worth, Tex. Filed Jan. 13, 1964, Ser. No. 337,326
, 5 Claims. (Cl. 213-43) This invention relates to cushioning devices for railroad car couplers and it concerns more particularly a combination hydraulic and pneumatic shock absorbing system for cushioning railroad cars against shock as. applied to the couplers, either upon starting the train, when the couplers are pulled in opposite directions, or upon sudden stopping or impact when the cars are bumped together. i
The invention is an improvement over related apparatus described and claimed in my prior Patents Nos. 2,909,291 and 3,009,584. p
- The invention contemplates a shock absorbing system as described which is common to the couplers on opposite ends of a railroad -car whereby buff or impact forces applied to one of the couplers is transmitted to; the other coupler while at the same time both couplers are'elfectively cushioned.
The invention further contemplates a shock absorbing system as described which is characterized by its flexibility and in whicha pair of hydraulic cylinders, each having a piston therein, are supported on the frame of the car immediately adjacent the couplers on opposite ends thereof, respectively, each of said pistons being opera- I tively connected to one -of the couplers, and in which two other hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders, which comprise the remainder of the apparatus as hereinafter described, may be positioned at any convenient location under the car.
A distinguishing feature of this invention, whereby it is believed to be readily dstinguishable from the inventions described in my two earlier patents, is the arrangement of the two hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders above mentioned, each of which has a free floating piston therein and has a'liquid space and an air space in opposite ends thereof, on opposite sides of the piston, the air space of one of said hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders being filled with compressed air and the air space of the other of said hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders being filled with air of the respective first mentioned hydraulic cylinders to' the liquid space of said one of the hydrauliopne'umatic cylinders, while at the same time liquid is caused to flow V from the liquid space of said other of the hydraulicpneumatic cylinders to the liquid space in the opposite end of the respective first mentioned hydraulic cylinders. Similarly, upon longitudinal movement of the couplers in the opposite direction the direction of flow is reversed.
3,179,575 Patented Feb. 23, 1965 An advantageous feature of the invention is that the compressed air in said one of the hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders assists in returning the couplers to their original positions after havng been bumped.
The presence of liquid in opposite ends of the first mentioned hydraulic cylinders, rather than in one end thereof only, as shown in my two earlier patents, provides a liquid seal whereby liquid is positively prevented from flowing by the pistons thereof and escaping on the impact strokes of the couplers.
The liquid space of said other of the hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders provides a reservoir of hydraulic liquid which is available as needed.
The liquid space of said other of the hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders communicates through a check valve and connecting line with the liquid space of said one of the hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders whereby the maintenance of a supply of liquid in the liquid spaceof said one of the hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders is .positively assured.
The lines whereby the liquid space of said other of the hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders is connected to the first mentioned hydraulic cylinders have flapper type check valves communicating therewith whereby liquid may flow freely in the direction'of the first mentioned hydraulic cylinders, and the fiappers of the check valves have small orifices therein whereby the flow of liquidin the opposite direction is restricted.
The invention will be readily understood by referring to the following description and the. accompanying drawing, in which:
FIGURE 1 is a longitudinal view, partly in section taken on a median line, of apparatus embodying the invention. I
FIGURE 2 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the manner in which the invention isapplied to a pair of couplers on opposite ends of a railroad car.
Referring to FIGURE 2 of the drawing, the numerals I 1, 2 designate generally a pair of couplers which are positioned on opposite ends of a railroad car (not shown). A pair of hydraulic cylinders, indicated generally by the numerals 3, 4, one ofwhich is shown in FIGURE 1,
The pistons in the first mentioned hydraulic cylinders Y are supported'in a sill 5 immediately adjacent the couplers'l, Z on opposite ends of the car.
The hydraulic cylinders 3, 4 .each have a piston 6 therein, and'the shanks of the couplers 1, 2 are each pivotally connected, as at 7, to one end of a piston rod 3 whereby the pistons 6 are movable reciprocally in the hydraulic cylinders 3, 4 in response to reciprocal movement of the respective couplers 1, 2. 1 r
Two other cylinders 9, lil, hereinafter referred to as hydraulic-pneumaticv cylinders, which may be positioned at anyconvenient location under the car, have .free floating pistons 11, 12 therein and have liquid spaces13, 14 and air spaces '15, 16 in opposite ends thereof, on opposite sides of the pistons 11, 12 respectively.
The air space 15 of one of the hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders 9 is filled with compressed air, and the air space 16 of, the other of the hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders 10 is filled with atmospheric air. 7 A line 17, which communicates with a source ofcompressed air and has a cut off valve 18 therein, is connected to said one of the hydraulicpneumatic cylinders 9, in fiuid communication with the air space 15 thereof. Said other of the hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders 10 has a short fiuid conduit 19 communicating with the air space 16 thereof which is open to the atmosphere and is provided with a strainer 20.
The liquid spaces 13, 14 of the hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders9, 10 are in fluid communication, through'connecting lines 21, 22 and 23, 24, respectively, with liquid spaces 25, 26 in opposite ends of the hydraulic cylinders 3, 4, on opposite sides of the pistons 6 thereof.
Upon longitudinal movement of thecouplers 1, 2'in one direction, inlwhich they are advanced relative to each .7 7
other, as in buff, liquid is caused to flow from theliquid v space 25 in one end of the respective hydraulic cylinders 3, to the liquid space 13 of the hydraulic-pneumatic cylinder 9, While at the same-time liquid is caused to how from, v
the liquid space 14 of the hydraulic-pneumatic cylinder 1% to the liquid space 26' in the opposite end of the respective hydraulic cylinders 3, 4. Similarly, in draft 'the; direction 7 of flow is reversed. t
The pistons 6 have axial tapered valve elements 27021 the sides thereef opposite the piston rods 8-for coaction With restricted openings 23in the adjacent ends of the hydraulic cylinders 3, 4 communicating .with the lines 21,-, 23, respectively, whereby the restricted OpeningsZS adapted to'be gradually closed in response tolcngitudinal movement of the couplers 1, 2 to limit such longitudinal movement thereof in one d-irection, in which the couplers 1, 2, are advanced relative to each other.
The pistons 6 in the hydraulic cylinders 3, 4- arc double acting, as above described, and the arrangement is such that liquid is discharged therefrom upon movement of'thc pistdns 6 in one direction, as on theimpact orbuff strokes of the cou lers L la ainstcthe resistance,ofcomeressed' air in the air space '15 of the hydraulic-pneumatic cylinder 9,.While-liquid is dischargedtherefrom upon movement of the pistons Gin the opposite directio n,'as on the draft strokes of the couplers 1, 2, against the resistance of atmospheric air" pressure only in the airspaceflldiof the hydraulidpneumatic cylinder Ill.
The compressed air in the airspace l ofthehydraulic? an air space in oppositeendsv thereof on" opposite sides of the piston, the'air space otto'n'e of said hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders being-filled With compressed air-and the air space of the other of said hydraulic-pneumatic? cylinders being filled with atmospheric air, 1 the liquid spaces of the hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders being in fluid communication,
respectively, through connecting lines, with. liquid spaces in opposite ends ofthe first mentioned hydraulic'cylinders on opposite sides of the pistons thereof;
2. The structure of claim '1, the arrangement being such that'upon longitudinal movement ofthe couplers :none 7 direction, in which they are advanced "relative to each other, liquid is caused to flow from the liquid space in one end. of the respective firstmentionedhydraulic cylinders to the liquid space of said one of thehydraulic-pneumatic cylinders, while at the same; time liquid is c'ausedto flow from the liquid space of said other of the hydrauli'cpneumatic cylinders tothe liqui d'spacecin the opposite end of pneumatic cylinder 9, returns thecouplers 1,2 to their" I original positionsvafter having been bumped.
The pressure in'the liquid spaces 25, -26, ofthe hydraulic cylinders 3,4 is equalizedthrough the liq'uidspaces l3, 14" of the hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders 9, 1t and the'connecting lines 21, 22 and 23, 24 Wherebythecouplers l; 2. are movable longitudinally substantially in unison. 1 The presence of liquid in the liquid spaces' 25,'26 of the hydraulic cylinders 3, 4 eliminates the possibility of air lay-passing the piston 6 'as might be-possihle in the referred topat'ents after lon'g use which would causesorne wear of the piston. The liquid space 14 of'the hydraulic pneu- I matictcylinderltl provides a reservoir of hydraulic liquid 1 which is available asineededa a I he liquid space 14 ofthehydraulicpneumatic cylinder 7,
1t)communicatesthrough'atheckvalve 29am connect ing lin -3d with the liquid space 13 ,o-fthe hydraulic-pneui v matic cylinder 9 whereby the maintenance of an adequate supply of liquid in liquid space 13 of the hydraulic-pneumatic cylinder Qispositively assured by actionjot the draft forces, i
' ance' of compressed airrinrthe air space of said oneof' the respective first nientioned hydraulic cylinders, and uponlongitudinalfmoveinent-of thecoupl'ers'in' the oppo-' site'direction the direction of'fioYW is reversed;-
3. The structure of claim 2 'the-pistons' in thefirst:
'mentioned hydraulic cylinders being doublecacting'and the arrangement being such that'liquid is dischargcd therc from upon movement of; thepistons in one direction, as;
'onithe impact'strolre's of the coupleraiagainst qtheresistthe hydraulic-pneumatic"cylinders; While l iquid .:is dis-' "charged therefrom upon movement of the pist'ons in'theopp'ositedirection, as on the draft strokes ofthe couplers, against the resistance of atmosphericfair pressure only in 7 the air space of said other of the. hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders is positively assured;v i I j 5. The structure of claim 1, the Iines'Wherehy the liquid. space of said' other of the hydraulic' -pneumatic cylinders f The lines agrass the liquid space Mcfthe. f
hydraulic-pneumatic cylinder v1t is connected to the hy= fdr'auli'c cylinders 3, dhavefiapper type check valves 33, I
communicating there'WitlrWhereby liquid may flow freelyj in the direction of the hydraulic cylinders 3, 4,'and the :flappers of the check valves. 3lfhave 'small orifices -a therein whereby the'fiow of liquid, in the opposite direction" isrestricted; r V I p V The invention is-not limited to the exemplary constructiori herein shown and described,rbut maybe made in various wayscwithin the'scope of the appendedlclaims, 7 What is claimed is: f a
1. A cushioning device for railroad car couplers 'com prising, 1n combination with a railroad car having a pair cylinders.
4. The, structure liquid space of said one'of the hydraulic-pneumatic cylinders vvherebyithemaintenance era supplyofliquid inthe liquid spaceof-"said one of;thehydraulic-pneumaticis connected to; the :iirstm entioned hydraulic cylinders checkfvalves having small orifices-therein ivhereby.the flow of liquid inthe opposite direction is'rc'stricted V I f-ReferencesCited by the Eiiarniner 1 V UNITED STATE SPATENTS I I 396,108 1789* 7 2,047,955 7/36 Fitch 1 -;1'05 392.5. 2,909,291 10/59 Gibson 2 ,3 43- 2,911,112; 11 59 McCurdy 213 s r 3,009,584 Gibson -c 213-43 QUACKENBJUSH,-PrimQry Examiner.
of claim lft-he 'liquidspace otsaidjj' Y other of the hydraulic-pneumatic;cylinders communicating through a check: valveand connecting line' with the 7 having flapper type check valves'cornmunicating therewith 7 whereby liquid may flow freely in thedire'ction ofithefirst mentioned hydrauliccylinders,r and "the fiappers-bf said

Claims (1)

1. A CUSHIONING DEVICE FOR RAILROAD CAR COUPLERS COMPRISING, IN COMBINATION WITH A RAILROAD CAR HAVING A PAIR OF COUPLERS ON OPPOSITE ENDS THEREOF, THE COMBINATION OF A PAIR OF HYDRAULIC CYLINDERS, EACH HAVING A PISTON THEREIN, SUPPORTED ON THE CAR ADJACENT THE COUPLERS, EACH OF SAID PISTONS BEING OPERATIVELY CONNECTED TO ONE OF THE COUPLERS, AND TWO OTHER HYDRAULIC-PNEUMATIC CYLINDERS EACH HAVING A FREE FLOATING PISTON THEREIN AND HAVING A LIQUID SPACE AND AN AIR SPACE IN OPPOSITE END THEREOF ON OPPOSITE SIDES OF THE PISTON, THE AIR SPACE OF ONE OF SAID HYDRAULIC-PNEUMATIC CYLINDERS BEING FILLED WITH COMPRESSED AIR AND THE AIR SPACE OF THE OTHER OF SAID HYDRAULIC-PNEUMATIC CYLINDERS BEING FILLED WITH ATMOSPHERIC AIR, THE LIQUID SPACED OF THE HYDRAULIC-PNEUMATIC CYLINDERS BEING IN FLUID COMMUNICATION, RESPECTIVELY, THROUGH CONNECTING LINES, WITH LIQUID SPACES IN OPPOSITE ENDS OF THE FIRST MENTIONED HYDRAULIC CYLINDERS ON OPPOSITE SIDES OF THE PISTONS THEREOF.
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3236512A (en) * 1964-01-16 1966-02-22 Kirsch Jerry Self-adjusting hydropneumatic kinetic energy absorption arrangement
US3311389A (en) * 1965-06-07 1967-03-28 Caterpillar Tractor Co System for control of pitch and bounce in tractor-trailer combinations
US5373952A (en) * 1991-11-22 1994-12-20 Tsubakimoto Chain Co. Pneumatic shock absorber in compound trolley conveyor

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US396108A (en) * 1889-01-15 Fluid speed-regulating device
US2047955A (en) * 1932-12-31 1936-07-21 Motor Terminals Co Railway car
US2909291A (en) * 1955-10-10 1959-10-20 James L Gibson Draft gear for railroad car
US2911112A (en) * 1954-11-05 1959-11-03 Southern Pacific Company Draft gear for railroad cars
US3009584A (en) * 1959-09-08 1961-11-21 James L Gibson Hydraulic-pneumatic draft gear

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US396108A (en) * 1889-01-15 Fluid speed-regulating device
US2047955A (en) * 1932-12-31 1936-07-21 Motor Terminals Co Railway car
US2911112A (en) * 1954-11-05 1959-11-03 Southern Pacific Company Draft gear for railroad cars
US2909291A (en) * 1955-10-10 1959-10-20 James L Gibson Draft gear for railroad car
US3009584A (en) * 1959-09-08 1961-11-21 James L Gibson Hydraulic-pneumatic draft gear

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3236512A (en) * 1964-01-16 1966-02-22 Kirsch Jerry Self-adjusting hydropneumatic kinetic energy absorption arrangement
US3311389A (en) * 1965-06-07 1967-03-28 Caterpillar Tractor Co System for control of pitch and bounce in tractor-trailer combinations
US5373952A (en) * 1991-11-22 1994-12-20 Tsubakimoto Chain Co. Pneumatic shock absorber in compound trolley conveyor

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