US3160866A - Electric alarm system - Google Patents

Electric alarm system Download PDF

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Publication number
US3160866A
US3160866A US272928A US27292863A US3160866A US 3160866 A US3160866 A US 3160866A US 272928 A US272928 A US 272928A US 27292863 A US27292863 A US 27292863A US 3160866 A US3160866 A US 3160866A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
relay
circuit
alarm
condition
control center
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US272928A
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English (en)
Inventor
Meili Ernst
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cerberus G M B H
CERBERUS GmbH
Original Assignee
CERBERUS GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CERBERUS GmbH filed Critical CERBERUS GmbH
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Publication of US3160866A publication Critical patent/US3160866A/en
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/06—Electric actuation of the alarm, e.g. using a thermally-operated switch

Definitions

  • Electric alarm systems for indicating fires and other conditions to be detected are, of course, Well known and in Wide usage. Certain drawbacks, however, have been encountered in connection withV systems of this nature with reference to faulty operation of the systems and unreliability thereof and to lack of speed in being able to locate with precision a detected condition.
  • the present invention proposes to overcome these drawbacks in fire alarm systems according to the prior art by providing an arrangement wherein the actuation of any individual detection station by a'condition to be detected will bring about actuation of a central control station which, in turn, will provide for a visible, or audible continuous signal at the actuated station.
  • the actuated station isignals the central station and the central station signals back to the actuated station and in this manner the precise location of the actuated signal can readily be detected and without any loss of Valuable time.
  • the entire system latches in when actuated so that momentary false alarms which, normally cannot be traced to the source give a definite indication of the point of origin thereof.
  • the present invention also proposes the provision of a detection and alarm system of the nature referred to which is extremely simple to install thus avoiding the complexity and expense that has attended prior art arrangements of this general nature. More specifically, the present invention has a still further object, the provision of a detection and alarm system having the advantageous features referred to above and which is installed in its entirety by a two Wire cable thus enabling original installations to be made inexpensively and conveniently and also enabling any old installations to be readily converted to obtain the benefits of the detection and alarm system according to the present invention.
  • a still further object of the present invention is the provision of a detection and alarm system in which the checking out of the system to ascertain the operability thereof can be carried out readily and with accuracy at any time.
  • Certain systems of the nature referred to involve elements which are destroyed by the condition being detected as, for example, fire detection and alarm systems involving melting wire links and the like.
  • the melting of such a link requires that the link be replaced in order to put the system back into effective operation.
  • the present invention has as a' still further object the provision of a system which embodies no destructible elements and which can readily be reset whenever desired from the central control station thus providing an arrangement which can be put back into operation substantially instantaneously after the detected condition has been corrected.
  • the present invention has an objective the provision of an electric detection and alarm system which is absolutely safe and reliable.
  • a still further object of the present invention is the provision of a detection and alarm system in which a plurality of detection stations are grouped together and connected to a central station and wherein easy identification of the actuated one of the detection stations is possible.
  • a still further object of this invention is the provision of a detection and alarm system in which a visual indicator is arranged in the vicinity of each detector unit and which indicator is actuated upon the detection of the condition to be guarded against and which indicator is kept in indieating condition until the system is reset and while other detection units of the system are in condition to effect an alarm signal in the central unit.
  • FIGURE 1 is a schematic view showing the layout of a detection and alarm system according to the present invention.
  • FIGURE 2 is a more or less diagrammatic representation of a single detecting station and a centralcontrol station and the two Wire cable leading therebetween.
  • the general arrangement comprises a central control station, a two Wire cable leading therefrom and a plurality of detecting sta-v tions connected between the opposite sides of the two wire cable and located at the particular points where'- conditions are to be detected.
  • a plurality of central stations can be arranged in a group'in a central location and a plurality of two Wire cables can lead therefrom so that the central station, when actuated, will indicate a certain general region where the detected condition has occurred. An observer can then quickly determine which of the detection units has been actuated in this region.
  • Each detection unit includes a relay that is normally non-conductive and which is made conductive when the condition to be detected occurs. remains in eonductive condition and a signal is sent therefrom back to the central station and arelay in the central station closes and remains in closed condition.
  • the relay in the central station closes another voltage source in the central station is connected to the two wire cable and this raises the voltage at the actuated one of the detecting stations to the point that an indieator therein will be energized and give a visible indication.
  • the two relays will remain held in and the indicator will remain in indicating condition until the entire system is reset by opening a switch in the central station.
  • the central station also includes an alarm device n the form of a signal lamp or an audible signal such as a horn or siren if so desired.
  • the central station may also include an interrupter for periodically causing Vthe indicator lamp at the detector station to dim so that a blinking ,I signal will be had which will be more quickly .noticeable I than a steady signal.
  • FIGURE 1 also shows that other two Wire cables as at 13 and 14 could be employed, these cables leading to individual central stations 15 and 16, respectively and each cable having connected therebetween detector stations 11 so that as many particular defined regions as desired could be covered by the detection and alarm system of the present invention.
  • FIGURE 2 The nature of the detection station and the central station is more fully illustrated in FIGURE 2.
  • the detector station 11 comprises a pair of ionization chambers 17 and 18, with the casing of the station 18 being'perforated as indicated by the dotted line 19.
  • the casingsof theionization chambers are ⁇ connected with opposite sides of two Wire cable 1G.
  • the ionization charnbers each contain a weal radioactive substance as is indicated'therein at 20 and 21.
  • the connection 22 extending between the carriers for the radio-active substance ' is'at a potential mid-Way between the potential of the twoV sides of the two Wirecable 10.
  • the condition to be detected will overcome this condition of balance so that this connector no longer is in a condition of potential mid-way between t that of the opposite sides of cable 10.
  • the potential of trigger 27 is insufiicient to cause firing of glow tube 23.
  • the current flowing through this Chamber is reduced since the larger smoke particles when ionized by the radio-active substance in Vthe chamber move more slowly in the electric field than ionized air mole- Vcules such as are in Chamber 17'.
  • relay R could close a blade directly connecting the source of potential 32 to side 1011 of the two Wire cable andin this case the glow tube 28 would be ignited 'and would stay ignited without flickering or manually opened at which time the entire system will be that there is a first source of potential therein at 30 having one side'connected to said 10a of the ⁇ two Wire cable while the other side is connected through ⁇ a.
  • normally closed reset switch 31 with one side of the actuating coil of a relay R, the 'other side of which is connected with sidev 10h of the two Wire cable.
  • a second source ofv potential 32 in the central station has o ne side connected with) side 10a of two wirevcable 10 while the other side is connected via a resistor 33 with blade 34 of an interrupter device 35.
  • Blade 34 when closed is effective for connecting the said other ,side of source of potential 32 With side 1012 of the two wire cable andv when open interrupts this connection.
  • a condenser V 36 is also connected between side 10a 'ofthe two Wire cable and the end vof resistor 33 opposite its connection system is employed.
  • Relay R may also have other blade nieansione ofrvwhich':
  • Aisignal is given 'at the central control vstation 1 and an -indication is given at each'and every detecting e station that isactuated.
  • relayiisavailable'in the central station which can' control 'furtherfunctions such as turning ofi devices, for sounding, additional alarms, and the like.
  • the system according to the present invention is sol arrange'd that it can easily be installed in place of 'older systems without necessitating anyfexpensive and'laboriousV i v change-in the alarm cableV system orznetwo'rk.
  • the sensing elements according to the present invention 'have been disclosed as ionization'chambers andthe' relay in the detection station has been shown as a cold cathode glow tube, these individual elements are subject to being replaced by other well known elements.
  • the cold cathode glow tube serves as a relay which latches in and for this reason other latch type relay could be employed.
  • the ionization chambers 'serve as a triggering device for triggering the relay into conductive condition and yit will be evident that other trigger devices could be used, such as bimetallic elements in connection with heat or fire for example, or light sensitive elements for a light condition, or other detectors for various conditions, and that substantially equivalent Operating results would be had.
  • system of the present invention is particularly useful as a fire alarm system but it can also be employed for detecting other conditions and for use as a burglar alarm and the like merely by selecting a sensing device or sensing element or trigger means for the relay in the detectionstation that is Sensitive to the condition to be detected, such as vibrations or heat or the presence of certain vapors in the atmosphere or the like.
  • An electric alarm system for indicating changes in a predetermined condition at a plurality of different points comprising; a plurality of alarm devices with one thereof located at each of said points, each alarm device including an indicating member pertaining thereto, a control center common to all of said alarm devices, a two wire circuit between which said alarm devices are connected in parallel and which circuit leads to said control center, said control center comprising a relay, a first voltage source and a normally closed switch connected in series between the two sides of said circuit, an alarm element operable in response to closing of said relay, a second voltage source in said control center having one side 6 connected to one side of said circuit, means under the control of said relay and connected to the other side of said circuit and to the other side of said second voltage source and operable upon closing of said relay to connect said other side of said second voltage source to the said other end ofpsaid circuit, each alarm device comprising a sensing member Sensitive to the said condition, each alarm device also comprising a normally non-conductive relay member connected across said circuit and under the control of said sens
  • each said relay member is a glow triode.
  • each said indicatng member is a glow tube.
  • sensing member pertaining to each alarm device is in the form of a pair of ionization chambers with one the-reof having a closed casing and the other having la perforated casing.
  • control center includes means for periodically varying the voltage supplied to the circuit by said second voltage source to cause periodic variations of the indication given by any indicating member.

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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
US272928A 1957-02-19 1963-04-15 Electric alarm system Expired - Lifetime US3160866A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH888296X 1957-02-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3160866A true US3160866A (en) 1964-12-08

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US272928A Expired - Lifetime US3160866A (en) 1957-02-19 1963-04-15 Electric alarm system

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US (1) US3160866A (US08158827-20120417-C00057.png)
BE (1) BE564961A (US08158827-20120417-C00057.png)
CH (2) CH351872A (US08158827-20120417-C00057.png)
DE (1) DE1081804B (US08158827-20120417-C00057.png)
GB (1) GB888296A (US08158827-20120417-C00057.png)
NL (2) NL224947A (US08158827-20120417-C00057.png)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3286246A (en) * 1963-12-24 1966-11-15 Coen Co Annunciator for system malfunctions
US3573777A (en) * 1968-12-09 1971-04-06 Honeywell Inc Combustion products detector control apparatus
US3657737A (en) * 1969-12-29 1972-04-18 Jeffrey E Hamm Method of and device for smoke detection and circuits therefor
US3702468A (en) * 1970-08-10 1972-11-07 Nittan Co Ltd Fire alarming system
US3728703A (en) * 1970-10-12 1973-04-17 Edward Co Inc Fire detector stabilizer circuit
US3733596A (en) * 1968-12-26 1973-05-15 Tokyo Hachiki Kk Alarm circuit
US3778796A (en) * 1970-03-31 1973-12-11 Nittan Co Ltd Fire alarming system
US3987423A (en) * 1975-12-22 1976-10-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration Ionization-chamber smoke detector system
US4481502A (en) * 1982-03-26 1984-11-06 Dawson N Rick Central smoke alarm and annunciator
US20080252473A1 (en) * 2006-09-15 2008-10-16 Nano-Proprietary, Inc. Smoke Detector

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IL27293A (en) * 1966-03-10 1971-03-24 Pyrotector Inc Particle detector
US4117479A (en) * 1976-04-16 1978-09-26 American District Telegraph Company Multi-mode intrusion alarm system
GB2217888A (en) * 1988-04-30 1989-11-01 Andrew Murrell Locally sited intruder alarm signal and fault indicator unit

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US947000A (en) * 1909-03-03 1910-01-18 John P Kelly Fire-alarm system.
US1762906A (en) * 1926-11-29 1930-06-10 Reyrolle A & Co Ltd Electric signaling or control system
US2646556A (en) * 1950-06-17 1953-07-21 C O Two Fire Equipment Co Supervised alarm system
US2971183A (en) * 1956-06-11 1961-02-07 Hagan Chemicals & Controls Inc Monitoring equipment

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE825224C (de) * 1949-10-07 1951-12-17 Anton John Elektrische Alarmanlage zur Anzeige von unzulaessig hohen Temperaturen in Stapeln von Heu, Stroh u. dgl.
NL94775C (US08158827-20120417-C00057.png) * 1953-02-14

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US947000A (en) * 1909-03-03 1910-01-18 John P Kelly Fire-alarm system.
US1762906A (en) * 1926-11-29 1930-06-10 Reyrolle A & Co Ltd Electric signaling or control system
US2646556A (en) * 1950-06-17 1953-07-21 C O Two Fire Equipment Co Supervised alarm system
US2971183A (en) * 1956-06-11 1961-02-07 Hagan Chemicals & Controls Inc Monitoring equipment

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3286246A (en) * 1963-12-24 1966-11-15 Coen Co Annunciator for system malfunctions
US3573777A (en) * 1968-12-09 1971-04-06 Honeywell Inc Combustion products detector control apparatus
US3733596A (en) * 1968-12-26 1973-05-15 Tokyo Hachiki Kk Alarm circuit
US3657737A (en) * 1969-12-29 1972-04-18 Jeffrey E Hamm Method of and device for smoke detection and circuits therefor
US3778796A (en) * 1970-03-31 1973-12-11 Nittan Co Ltd Fire alarming system
US3702468A (en) * 1970-08-10 1972-11-07 Nittan Co Ltd Fire alarming system
US3728703A (en) * 1970-10-12 1973-04-17 Edward Co Inc Fire detector stabilizer circuit
US3987423A (en) * 1975-12-22 1976-10-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration Ionization-chamber smoke detector system
US4481502A (en) * 1982-03-26 1984-11-06 Dawson N Rick Central smoke alarm and annunciator
US20080252473A1 (en) * 2006-09-15 2008-10-16 Nano-Proprietary, Inc. Smoke Detector
US7821412B2 (en) 2006-09-15 2010-10-26 Applied Nanotech Holdings, Inc. Smoke detector

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE564961A (US08158827-20120417-C00057.png)
GB888296A (en) 1962-01-31
CH358719A (de) 1961-11-30
DE1081804B (de) 1960-05-12
NL108575C (US08158827-20120417-C00057.png)
NL224947A (US08158827-20120417-C00057.png)
CH351872A (de) 1961-01-31

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