US3157478A - Hydraulic fluid return line air eliminator - Google Patents

Hydraulic fluid return line air eliminator Download PDF

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Publication number
US3157478A
US3157478A US78932A US7893260A US3157478A US 3157478 A US3157478 A US 3157478A US 78932 A US78932 A US 78932A US 7893260 A US7893260 A US 7893260A US 3157478 A US3157478 A US 3157478A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
oil
pipe
spiral path
air
spiral
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US78932A
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English (en)
Inventor
William M Edwards
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Combustion Engineering Inc
Original Assignee
Combustion Engineering Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Combustion Engineering Inc filed Critical Combustion Engineering Inc
Priority to US78932A priority Critical patent/US3157478A/en
Priority to CH1034961A priority patent/CH391663A/de
Priority to BE611821A priority patent/BE611821A/fr
Priority to GB45911/61A priority patent/GB992711A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3157478A publication Critical patent/US3157478A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
    • F15B21/04—Special measures taken in connection with the properties of the fluid
    • F15B21/044—Removal or measurement of undissolved gas, e.g. de-aeration, venting or bleeding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D11/00—Feed-water supply not provided for in other main groups

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an hydraulic control system and particularly to mechanism preventing the entrainment or retention of air or gases in the hydraulic fluid and more par-ticulmly to preventing'of such entrainment or retention incident to the free passage of return oil through a long vertical pipe.
  • This invention finds particular utility in the hydraulic control system for modern steam generators which may be several stories high and have controls at several different levels.
  • a water return valve may be in the basement at approximately the level of the hydraulic fiuid sum
  • another valve such as a feed water valve may be located, say, fifty feet higher and another valve such as the main steam or bypass valve may be located as much as 100 feet above the hydraulic fluid sump.
  • Each of the above valves and many others are hydraulically and usually automatically controlled to maintain an operating condition and maximum emciency of the steam generator.
  • Some of these valves are ponderous and require large amounts of hydraulic fluid or oil to operate them, but may at times require very accurate positioning in the nature of a few thousandths of an inch.
  • Such a hydraulic control system must be able to handle large volumes of hydraulic fluid but in order to accurately position the valve the fluid must at all times be free of air, or gases, and not form a mixture similar to an emulsion or foam.
  • a still further object is a structure which may be pre O ice. ,9
  • An additional object is structure having a center core with a ribbon of rigid material securedto this core and extending radially outward from, and arranged in a spiral around, the core and sized to fit in a standard vertical return pipe.
  • PEG. 1 is a schematic view partly in section of the in vention incorporated in a steam generating control system with the major portion of the system not shown.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the spiral guide encased in the vertical return pipe.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross section of the spiral guide.
  • iii indicates a vertical oil return line emptying return oil discharged from servo motors 14 and 16 into a sump 12.
  • the servo motors 14- and 16 are shown only by way of example, as there may be many more discharging at various levels into the vertical standpipe 19.
  • This invention finds particular usefulness in the controls for a steam generator known as the Sulzer Monotube boiler which is a well-known commercial boiler, and it is believed that only an exemplary showing is necessary for a complete understanding of the environment in which this invention finds particular usefulness.
  • a servo motor is controlled by a pilot valve 2% and in turn controlling a valve which may be a water return valve 22 for the boiler system is shown at a level so related to the sump 12 that the return oil may flow through a normal pitched gravity drain 24 directly to the sump without any problem of air entrainment.
  • a valve which may be a water return valve 22 for the boiler system is shown at a level so related to the sump 12 that the return oil may flow through a normal pitched gravity drain 24 directly to the sump without any problem of air entrainment.
  • Hydraulic fluid under pressure is supplied to the pilot valve 2% for the servo motor 18 and each of the pilot valves for these several servo motors in the control system such as pilot valve 26 for the servo 14 and pilot valve 28 for the servo 16, by means of a pump 39 driven by a motor 32 and drawing oil from the sump 12 through a line 34 and strainer 36, and discharging into pressure line 33 which is connected with each of the several pilot valves to supply oil under pressure to the pilot valves and their associated servo motors.
  • Each pilot valve is provided with a suitable control as which may be manually actuated or automatically operated responsive to a condition or a function to be controlled such as temperature, pressure, mass flow, water level, and so forth.
  • a servo motor may discharge as much as five gallons of hydraulic fluid at one time, substantially filling a drain line such as 44 for a considerable distance, such as two or three feet.
  • Other discharge lines such as 46 leading from valve 26, controlling servo 14 for valve 43, and lines $8 and 59 may be arranged at diiferent levels along the vertical pipe it).
  • the verticalreturn line 19 comprises a pipe 52 vented as its top 54 and, because it is not generally located directly over the sump 12, provided with a pitched gravity drain line 56 leading from the bottom 58 the sump 12.
  • the spiral guide inserted in the pipe 52 is a spiral guide indicated generally at 6%).
  • the spiral guide' comprises a core formed of a pipe 62, with a smooth irnperforate ribbon of rigid material 64, extending radially outward from the core 62 wound in a spiral around the core 62 with the inner edge of the ribbon secured to the core, usually by spot welding, 'to form a helix throughout substantially the length of the core 62.
  • the core 62 and its surrounding helix 64 are usually made up in lengths, say 20 feet, convenient to handle, and are slipped into the pipe 52 with a slight clearance between the outer edge of the helix and the inner surface of the pipe to permit ready insertion of the helix into the pipe, two adjacent cores 61 being welded together at 66 at the time they are assembled with the pipe 52 so that a substantially continuous helix is provided throughout the length of the vertical pipe 16 from a point above the discharge of the highest drain line 44 to the bottom 58 of the tube it
  • the sump 12 is vented at 68 and the entire drain system operates at atmospheric pressure.
  • the several servo motors including motors 14, i6 and 18 discharge drain oil incident to their operation into their respective drain lines.
  • the oil which may come out as a slug of oil substantially filling the drain line, is urgedby gravity, due to the pitch of the line, along the line, and into the vertical stack or drain 1%.
  • the oil which may still be in the form of a slug attempts to fill the drain it? and drops by gravity to the nearest top surface of the ramp formed by the ribbon. Upon contacting this spiral ramp surface the free drop of the oil is interrupted and the oil is directed along the ramp.
  • Friction between the lower surface of the slug of oil and the ramp tends to permit the upper surface of the oil to overrun the lower surface and spread out into a layer, of less height than 7 the pitch of thespiral or helix, so that a layer of air is may be forced by centrifugalaction into contact with the interior surface of pipe as it is traveling down the spiral and thus form an additional layer around the inside.
  • the new fire resistant-hydraulic fluids tend to retain entrained air to a greater extent than theolder oils, and thus materially increase the importance of preventing the entrainment of air in the hydraulic fluids. It is of course well known that entrained air or air pockets render the hydraulic-fluid squashy and thecontrols inaccurate,.and in the steam generating system referred to above, render the controls so inaccurate andunreliable as to make the g entire system inoperative.
  • a vented gravity return line including a vertical vented pipe, pitched return lines leadingto said pipe an insert adapted to be slid into said pipe comprising a core, 7,
  • a guide surfacefor oil in said pipe comprising a spiral ramp having a single oil guiding surface terminating at one edge adjacent the pipe interior surface and at the other edge adjacent the axis of said pipe, whereby the thickness of the flowing oil layer on said ramp surface is limited in part by oil spilling off one edge onto the interior surface of said pipe and in part by oil spilling off the other'edge to the next succeedguiding said oil in a' helical path along the inside ofsaid pipe and having a radial extent between the helix axis :and the inside surface of said pipe sufficient: topresent' a slanting surface to interrupt free vertical drop of the .oil inside of said pipe but insufiicient' to prevent radial inward flow across saidsurface andaround the surface inner edge adjacent the helix axis and a free gravity dropx to the next succeeding helix turn upon radial passage of the oil past the axis of said helix.
  • a hydraulically actuated. control system having a vented vertical hydraulic fluid gravity return linedischarging into a vented sump, pitched discharge lines'leadi ing slugs of said fiuid'from hydraulic control members of .said system into the side of said vertical return line at spaced-points along said line, said return line comprising a circular cross-section pipe, a spiral ramp located inside i said pipe and comprising acentral core member connected with an outwardly extending helical guide surface extending substantially the entire length of said core and pipe and substantiallyfrom said core to said pipe but providing a clearance producing a fluid leak passage between the outer edge of said guide surface and the inner Wall of said pipe.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
US78932A 1960-12-28 1960-12-28 Hydraulic fluid return line air eliminator Expired - Lifetime US3157478A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US78932A US3157478A (en) 1960-12-28 1960-12-28 Hydraulic fluid return line air eliminator
CH1034961A CH391663A (de) 1960-12-28 1961-09-05 Entlüftungsvorrichtung für die Rücklaufflüssigkeit in hydraulischen Regelsystemen
BE611821A BE611821A (fr) 1960-12-28 1961-12-21 Dispositif de dégazage du liquide de retour dans des systèmes régulateurs hydrauliques
GB45911/61A GB992711A (en) 1960-12-28 1961-12-21 Hydraulic regulating system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US78932A US3157478A (en) 1960-12-28 1960-12-28 Hydraulic fluid return line air eliminator

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3157478A true US3157478A (en) 1964-11-17

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ID=22147098

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US78932A Expired - Lifetime US3157478A (en) 1960-12-28 1960-12-28 Hydraulic fluid return line air eliminator

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3157478A (de)
BE (1) BE611821A (de)
CH (1) CH391663A (de)
GB (1) GB992711A (de)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3245220A (en) * 1963-10-16 1966-04-12 Fluidrive Eng Co Ltd Hydraulic turbo couplings
US3958420A (en) * 1974-10-16 1976-05-25 Ohji Seiki Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Air extracting system for hydraulic steering apparatus
US4345920A (en) * 1976-05-17 1982-08-24 Borg-Warner Corporation Vacuum deaerator
US5456078A (en) * 1994-08-12 1995-10-10 Caterpillar Inc. Method of purging a hydraulic system
US5687566A (en) * 1995-05-15 1997-11-18 Petty; Jon A. Arrangement and method for removal of air from a hydraulic system
US5813225A (en) * 1995-05-15 1998-09-29 Phoenix Systems, L.L.C. Arrangement and method for removal of air from a hydraulic system
US5858070A (en) * 1996-05-11 1999-01-12 Daimler-Benz Aerospace Airbus Gmbh Apparatus for cleaning a hydraulic fluid
US6036749A (en) * 1997-08-26 2000-03-14 Petroleo Brasileiro S.A. - Petrobras Helical separator
US6233933B1 (en) 1996-10-29 2001-05-22 Phoenix Systems, L.L.C. Arrangement and method for removal of air from a hydraulic system
US6391094B2 (en) 2000-07-19 2002-05-21 Daniel A. Ramos Method and apparatus for removing gas from drilling mud
US6648311B2 (en) * 2002-03-27 2003-11-18 Pentastar Aviation, Inc. Assembly and method of exercising an airplane landing gear strut
DE10350483A1 (de) * 2003-10-29 2005-06-16 Müller Weingarten AG Vorrichtung zur Abscheidung von Öl in Hydrauliksystemen
US20080098897A1 (en) * 2006-10-26 2008-05-01 Foxconn Technology Co., Ltd. Gas-liquid separation apparatus

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE289813C (de) *
US1752215A (en) * 1928-04-09 1930-03-25 Smith Separator Company Oil and gas separator
US1917171A (en) * 1931-03-16 1933-07-04 Gen Electric Governing mechanism for elastic fluid turbines
US2235541A (en) * 1938-07-01 1941-03-18 Gen Electric Turbine power plant arrangement
US2316729A (en) * 1941-06-30 1943-04-13 Napler & Son Ltd D Tank for use in aircraft
US2570171A (en) * 1946-01-23 1951-10-02 Kohorn Henry Von Deaeration apparatus
US2705053A (en) * 1953-05-14 1955-03-29 Doak Aircraft Co Inc Oil degasification
US2751894A (en) * 1951-05-01 1956-06-26 Vapor Heating Corp Automatic control system for boiler or steam generator
US2852003A (en) * 1952-06-20 1958-09-16 New York Central Railroad Co Steam heating boiler control systems

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE289813C (de) *
US1752215A (en) * 1928-04-09 1930-03-25 Smith Separator Company Oil and gas separator
US1917171A (en) * 1931-03-16 1933-07-04 Gen Electric Governing mechanism for elastic fluid turbines
US2235541A (en) * 1938-07-01 1941-03-18 Gen Electric Turbine power plant arrangement
US2316729A (en) * 1941-06-30 1943-04-13 Napler & Son Ltd D Tank for use in aircraft
US2570171A (en) * 1946-01-23 1951-10-02 Kohorn Henry Von Deaeration apparatus
US2751894A (en) * 1951-05-01 1956-06-26 Vapor Heating Corp Automatic control system for boiler or steam generator
US2852003A (en) * 1952-06-20 1958-09-16 New York Central Railroad Co Steam heating boiler control systems
US2705053A (en) * 1953-05-14 1955-03-29 Doak Aircraft Co Inc Oil degasification

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3245220A (en) * 1963-10-16 1966-04-12 Fluidrive Eng Co Ltd Hydraulic turbo couplings
US3958420A (en) * 1974-10-16 1976-05-25 Ohji Seiki Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Air extracting system for hydraulic steering apparatus
US4345920A (en) * 1976-05-17 1982-08-24 Borg-Warner Corporation Vacuum deaerator
US5456078A (en) * 1994-08-12 1995-10-10 Caterpillar Inc. Method of purging a hydraulic system
US5687566A (en) * 1995-05-15 1997-11-18 Petty; Jon A. Arrangement and method for removal of air from a hydraulic system
US5813225A (en) * 1995-05-15 1998-09-29 Phoenix Systems, L.L.C. Arrangement and method for removal of air from a hydraulic system
US5858070A (en) * 1996-05-11 1999-01-12 Daimler-Benz Aerospace Airbus Gmbh Apparatus for cleaning a hydraulic fluid
US6233933B1 (en) 1996-10-29 2001-05-22 Phoenix Systems, L.L.C. Arrangement and method for removal of air from a hydraulic system
US6036749A (en) * 1997-08-26 2000-03-14 Petroleo Brasileiro S.A. - Petrobras Helical separator
US6391094B2 (en) 2000-07-19 2002-05-21 Daniel A. Ramos Method and apparatus for removing gas from drilling mud
US6648311B2 (en) * 2002-03-27 2003-11-18 Pentastar Aviation, Inc. Assembly and method of exercising an airplane landing gear strut
DE10350483A1 (de) * 2003-10-29 2005-06-16 Müller Weingarten AG Vorrichtung zur Abscheidung von Öl in Hydrauliksystemen
DE10350483B4 (de) * 2003-10-29 2005-09-22 Müller Weingarten AG Vorrichtung zur Abscheidung von Öl in Hydrauliksystemen
US20080098897A1 (en) * 2006-10-26 2008-05-01 Foxconn Technology Co., Ltd. Gas-liquid separation apparatus
US7655079B2 (en) * 2006-10-26 2010-02-02 Fu Zhun Precision Industry (Shen Zhen) Co., Ltd. Gas-liquid separation apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE611821A (fr) 1962-06-21
CH391663A (de) 1965-05-15
GB992711A (en) 1965-05-19

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