US3155505A - Photo-light painting method - Google Patents

Photo-light painting method Download PDF

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Publication number
US3155505A
US3155505A US192469A US19246962A US3155505A US 3155505 A US3155505 A US 3155505A US 192469 A US192469 A US 192469A US 19246962 A US19246962 A US 19246962A US 3155505 A US3155505 A US 3155505A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
light
photo
film
pattern
sensitive film
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US192469A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Joseph A Shannon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Goodyear Aerospace Corp
Original Assignee
Goodyear Aerospace Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL291622D priority Critical patent/NL291622A/xx
Priority to BE630278D priority patent/BE630278A/xx
Application filed by Goodyear Aerospace Corp filed Critical Goodyear Aerospace Corp
Priority to US192469A priority patent/US3155505A/en
Priority to GB10761/63A priority patent/GB985353A/en
Priority to AT266563A priority patent/AT252371B/de
Priority to LU43590D priority patent/LU43590A1/xx
Priority to DEG37639A priority patent/DE1192051B/de
Priority to CH556963A priority patent/CH440973A/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3155505A publication Critical patent/US3155505A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
    • G03F7/70375—Multiphoton lithography or multiphoton photopolymerization; Imaging systems comprising means for converting one type of radiation into another type of radiation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/20—Exposure; Apparatus therefor
    • G03F7/2045—Exposure; Apparatus therefor using originals with apertures, e.g. stencil exposure masks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
    • H01R43/06—Manufacture of commutators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
    • H01R43/10—Manufacture of slip-rings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/26—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors consisting of printed conductors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for photo-light painting an image on a lightsensitive film, glass, copper-clad plastic or the like, and more particularly to an apparatus and method of photolight painting a slip-ring pattern for a commutator.
  • the etching process has been widely used to form the electrical conductive segments of a commutator.
  • the basic etching process requires the application of an acidresistant coating which conforms to the desired circuit to an electroconductive material-clad member.
  • the member with the acid-resistant coating is immersed in acid etching solution.
  • the solution removes the exposed material leaving a thin electroconducting pattern bonded to the member upon the subsequent removal of the resist.
  • the accuracy and size limitations of the commutator circuit is dependent upon the grain size of the etching solution and photo resist emulsion, and the tolerances of the photographic negative.
  • the photographic negative of the circuit pattern is used to make a contact print on the photo-sensitive emulsion applied to the surface of the electroconduotive materialclad member.
  • a photo-sensitive emulsion such as Eastman Kodak Companys KPR (Kodak Photo-Resist) has been used. After exposure, the KPR is developed by immersion in a solvent which dissolves the unexposed portion thereof. The remaining hardened portion of the KPR conforms to the desired circuit pattern and acts as an acid-resist during the etching operation.
  • the master pattern from which the negatives are made have been executed in black India ink on stable White drafting film.
  • the layout of the master pattern is facilitated by the use of self-adhering tapes and shapes made especially for this purpose.
  • a considerable amount of time and skill are necessary to prepare the master drawings fromink and tape.
  • the tape has a tendency to stretch, collect dust, has pin holes, and rough edges.
  • the ink has poor densities and a tendency to crack.
  • the characteristics of tape and ink limit the tolerances attainable in a negative of the master pattern.
  • the master pattern has also been fabricated heretofore by milling accurate and relatively shallow grooves in the surface of a metal plate.
  • the grooves conform to the desired pattern.
  • Black ink is placed in the bottom of the groove and the surface of the plate is painted white.
  • the negative is made from the black and White master pattern.
  • the tolerances attained by this method were too great for microminiaturization of the pattern. Also a considerable amount of time and skill are required to prepare a negative by this method.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method and appmatus for making a circuit pattern which has extreme close tolerances, and a high degree of accuracy and continuity.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method md appartus for photo-light painting an image on a lightsensitive material.
  • Another object of the invention is to increase the conductive utilization of a commutator element by providing a micro-miniaturized circuit thereon.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method and apparatus for the photo-light painting of an image directly on an emulsion coated electroconductive material thereby decreasing the tolerances of the pattern by eliminating the use of a negative to avoid negative shrinkage.
  • a dielectric material, as glass or plastic reinforced with glass fibers having an eleotroconductive material surface is coated with a photosensitive emulsion such as Eastman Kodak Companys KPR.
  • a photosensitive emulsion such as Eastman Kodak Companys KPR.
  • the coating is done in a darkroom as the emulsion is sensitive to light.
  • a photo-sensitive emulsion such as Eastman Kodaks KOR (Kodak Ortho- Resist) is applied to the surface of an electroconductive material secured to the eleotroinsulative base member.
  • the coated member may be a laminate of copper and plastic reinforced with glass fibers.
  • the light-sensitive film is positioned in a spaced face to face relation with a light containing chamber.
  • the chamber contains a temp-late which has apertures to allow at least one beam of light to project on the light-sensitive film. Relative movement between the light beam and the film exposes a continuous portion of the film to the light.
  • the type of motion determines the shape of the image on the light-sensitive film, and the invention provides certain specific motions.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan View partly in section of the photo-light printing apparatus.
  • FIG. 2 is a section view of the apparatus of FIG. 1 taken along the line 22.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the base of the light box of the photo-light painting apparatus.
  • FIG. 4 is a side View partly in section of a modified photo-light painting apparatus.
  • a photo-light painting apparatus 10 having a base plate 12.
  • a plurality of bearing supports 14 are secured in a known manner to the base plate 12.
  • a flat support plate 16 is rotatably mounted by means of bearings 18 and bearing races 12 on the bearing supports 14.
  • a motor 22 is drivably coupled to the support plate 16 to rotate the support plate about a vertical axis.
  • a vertically elongated light box 24 forms a light-proof chamber 25.
  • the light box is vertically elongated to reduce the parallax effect of the light rays.
  • the light box is supported on the frame 26 and is adjustably positioned over the support plate 16 by means of clamp 27 and fastening nut 28.
  • a source of light 39 as a carbon are or photo-flood light, is positioned withinthe chamber 25 and is secured to the upper portion of the light box 24.
  • the light is adapted to be turned on and off by a manually Operated switch.
  • Positioned in the light box 24 adjacent the support plate 16 is a template 32.
  • the template 32 contains apertures which may be circular, square, or irregular shaped. The shape of the apertures determines the shape of the beam of light that is projected from the light box.
  • the template 32 includes a pair of oppositely facing flanges 36 and 38.
  • the flanges 36 and 38 slidably position the template in the base of the light box 24 flush with the bottom surface thereof.
  • An oscillatory mechanism 49 such as an adjustable stroke vibrator or motor, is positioned within the chamber 25 and engages the template 32 to provide the template with nutating motion.
  • Providing the template 32 with nutating motion permits the beam of light to paint a square wave pattern, a sinusoidal wave pattern, or a wave pattern having varying amplitudes.
  • the frequency and speed of the mutation motions determines the shape of the pattern formed by the light beam.
  • a flat glass or resin plate 42 is positioned on the support plate 16 adjacent the light box 24.
  • a light-sensitive film 44 is secured to the upper surface of the plate 42.
  • the template 32 is positioned in close proximity to the light-sensitive film 44.
  • the exposed portion of the light-sensitive film forms a positive image of the circuit pattern.
  • This photographic positive is used to make a negative.
  • the negative is used in the above described photo-resist process.
  • the photo-light painting process utilizing the apparatus described and shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is carried out in a darkroom.
  • motor 22 is energized to rotate the film in an elongated path relative to the template 3?...
  • the manually operated switch is subsequently turned on to ignite the light 30.
  • the projecting beams of light through the apertures 34 progressively and continuously expose the moving light-sensitive film 44.
  • the exposed film 44 is developed by known photographic methods to produce a positive image of the circuit pattern. This highly accurate and continuous positive is used to make the negative for the photo-resist process.
  • FIG. 4 shows a modified photo-light painting apparatus 46, adapted to paint a continuous pattern on the outer surface of a cylinder or cone.
  • the apparatus includes a drum 48 which is rotated by a motor 50 connected thereto by means of belt 52 and pulley 54.
  • a dielectric annulus 56 is positioned over the outer surface of the drum 48.
  • the annulus 56 may be formed from plastic reinforced with glass fibers.
  • a thin sheet or layer of electroconductive material 58 is bonded to the outer surface of the annulus 56.
  • the material 58 may be copper foil.
  • a light-sensitive film 6-3 such as Eastman Kodak KOR (Kodak Ortho'Resist) is placed upon the surface of the electroconductive material 58.
  • a light box 62 forming a light-proof chamber 64- is positioned in close proximity to the light-sensitive film 60.
  • a light source 66 as a carbon arc or photo-flood lights, is secured to the box within the chamber remotely from the light-sensitive film.
  • a template 3 having apertures 70 is positioned in the light box portion adjacent the light-sensitive film 60. The apertures 70 control the size and amount of light which projects from the light box onto the light-sensitive film. The number of apertures and the spacing therebetween determines the exposed pattern on the film 60.
  • the photo-light painting process is achieved under darkroom conditions.
  • the motor 50 is energized to rotate the drum 43 and the work positioned thereon.
  • Energization of the light 66 projects light through the apertures 76 onto the light-sensitive film 60.
  • After the lightsensitive film has been exposed it is developed to form a positive image of the exposed pattern on the electroconductive material.
  • the film 60 is developed by immersion in a solvent which dissolves the unexposed portion thereof. The remaining light-hardened portion of the film conforms to the desired pattern and acts as an acidresist during the etching operation.
  • That method of photo-light painting a continuous commutator slip-ring pattern on an acid resist light sensitive film positioned on an electroconductive material clad member comprising projecting from a close spaced adjacent relationship which remains constant a plurality of narrow beams of light simultaneously on the light sensitive film,
  • That method of photo-light painting a continuous commutator slip-ring pattern on a light sensitive acidresist film comprising positioning the surface of the film in a fixed spacedadjacent relationship to a confined light source, projecting a plurality of narrow beams of light simultaneously on the light sensitive acid-resist film, effecting relative, uniform, and continuous movement in an elongated endless path between the light-sensitive film and the beams of light to expose parallel portions of the film, while simultaneously effecting relative mutating movement between the light sensitive film and the beams of light at an angle to the direction of the relative movement and in the plane thereof, and

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacture Or Reproduction Of Printing Formes (AREA)
  • Exposure And Positioning Against Photoresist Photosensitive Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Printed Circuit Boards (AREA)
US192469A 1962-05-04 1962-05-04 Photo-light painting method Expired - Lifetime US3155505A (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL291622D NL291622A (de) 1962-05-04
BE630278D BE630278A (de) 1962-05-04
US192469A US3155505A (en) 1962-05-04 1962-05-04 Photo-light painting method
GB10761/63A GB985353A (en) 1962-05-04 1963-03-19 Photo-light painting method and apparatus
AT266563A AT252371B (de) 1962-05-04 1963-04-03 Einrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Musters
LU43590D LU43590A1 (de) 1962-05-04 1963-04-19
DEG37639A DE1192051B (de) 1962-05-04 1963-05-02 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer photographischen Schablone fuer die Herstellung von kreisringfoermigen Leitungsteilen im AEtz-verfahren, insbesondere fuer die Schleifring-segmente eines Kommutators
CH556963A CH440973A (de) 1962-05-04 1963-05-03 Verfahren zur Anfertigung eines kontinuierlichen Musters auf einem lichtempfindlichen Film, Anwendung dieses Verfahrens zur Anfertigung eines Schleifringkommutatormusters auf einer mit elektrisch leitendem Material beschichteten Unterlage Und Einrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US192469A US3155505A (en) 1962-05-04 1962-05-04 Photo-light painting method

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3155505A true US3155505A (en) 1964-11-03

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US192469A Expired - Lifetime US3155505A (en) 1962-05-04 1962-05-04 Photo-light painting method

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3155505A (de)
AT (1) AT252371B (de)
BE (1) BE630278A (de)
CH (1) CH440973A (de)
DE (1) DE1192051B (de)
GB (1) GB985353A (de)
LU (1) LU43590A1 (de)
NL (1) NL291622A (de)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3306176A (en) * 1964-08-25 1967-02-28 Fine Line Corp Method and apparatus for making precision art work
US3313223A (en) * 1965-03-24 1967-04-11 Buckbee Mears Co Endless belt film for making photoprinted reproductions
US3457012A (en) * 1966-01-28 1969-07-22 Control Data Corp Apparatus for generating fine line,discrete tracks
FR2218666A1 (de) * 1973-02-20 1974-09-13 Seim
US3905818A (en) * 1971-03-09 1975-09-16 Ragonot Ets Method of making printed circuits
US4101373A (en) * 1976-10-18 1978-07-18 Mbi, Inc. Method and apparatus for producing a design on a flat surface adapted to be formed into an arcuate surface
US4659429A (en) * 1983-08-03 1987-04-21 Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. Method and apparatus for production and use of nanometer scale light beams
US4917462A (en) * 1988-06-15 1990-04-17 Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. Near field scanning optical microscopy
WO2000039625A2 (en) * 1998-12-28 2000-07-06 Creo, Ltd. Rotational scanning image recording system
US6383719B1 (en) 1998-05-19 2002-05-07 International Business Machines Corporation Process for enhanced lithographic imaging

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110412828A (zh) * 2018-09-07 2019-11-05 广东优世联合控股集团股份有限公司 一种三维光迹影像的打印方法及系统

Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2617337A (en) * 1949-01-19 1952-11-11 Owens Illinois Glass Co Photographic reproduction of designs in distorted forms
US2674933A (en) * 1947-11-17 1954-04-13 Foster And Foster Photographic copying apparatus
US2721507A (en) * 1954-10-18 1955-10-25 Frank S Siok Contrast filter selecting means for photographic printing apparatus
US2816025A (en) * 1953-07-23 1957-12-10 Croname Inc Photoetching embossing dies
US2849298A (en) * 1955-05-03 1958-08-26 St Regis Paper Co Printed circuitry laminates and production thereof
US2940850A (en) * 1953-04-02 1960-06-14 Cecil G Shuert Reproducing engineering data
US2942973A (en) * 1957-09-11 1960-06-28 Russell M Patrick Method of making drawings
US2942972A (en) * 1954-01-06 1960-06-28 Photoceramics Inc Photographic stencil negatives or positives
US2957766A (en) * 1957-06-27 1960-10-25 Du Pont Method for the preparation of tinting patterns for plastic sheeting
US3010376A (en) * 1959-02-05 1961-11-28 Henry G Johnson Method and apparatus for photocomposing control
US3054854A (en) * 1959-10-30 1962-09-18 Neasham Robert Stevenson Electrooptical apparatus for photographic rectification
US3072014A (en) * 1958-12-09 1963-01-08 Rank Precision Ind Ltd Photographic apparatus for producing curved lines
US3072547A (en) * 1960-07-11 1963-01-08 Ibm Pattern forming method and apparatus
US3085951A (en) * 1957-06-11 1963-04-16 Instr Dev Lab Inc Method of making slip ring-commutator devices

Patent Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2674933A (en) * 1947-11-17 1954-04-13 Foster And Foster Photographic copying apparatus
US2617337A (en) * 1949-01-19 1952-11-11 Owens Illinois Glass Co Photographic reproduction of designs in distorted forms
US2940850A (en) * 1953-04-02 1960-06-14 Cecil G Shuert Reproducing engineering data
US2816025A (en) * 1953-07-23 1957-12-10 Croname Inc Photoetching embossing dies
US2942972A (en) * 1954-01-06 1960-06-28 Photoceramics Inc Photographic stencil negatives or positives
US2721507A (en) * 1954-10-18 1955-10-25 Frank S Siok Contrast filter selecting means for photographic printing apparatus
US2849298A (en) * 1955-05-03 1958-08-26 St Regis Paper Co Printed circuitry laminates and production thereof
US3085951A (en) * 1957-06-11 1963-04-16 Instr Dev Lab Inc Method of making slip ring-commutator devices
US2957766A (en) * 1957-06-27 1960-10-25 Du Pont Method for the preparation of tinting patterns for plastic sheeting
US2942973A (en) * 1957-09-11 1960-06-28 Russell M Patrick Method of making drawings
US3072014A (en) * 1958-12-09 1963-01-08 Rank Precision Ind Ltd Photographic apparatus for producing curved lines
US3010376A (en) * 1959-02-05 1961-11-28 Henry G Johnson Method and apparatus for photocomposing control
US3054854A (en) * 1959-10-30 1962-09-18 Neasham Robert Stevenson Electrooptical apparatus for photographic rectification
US3072547A (en) * 1960-07-11 1963-01-08 Ibm Pattern forming method and apparatus

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3306176A (en) * 1964-08-25 1967-02-28 Fine Line Corp Method and apparatus for making precision art work
US3313223A (en) * 1965-03-24 1967-04-11 Buckbee Mears Co Endless belt film for making photoprinted reproductions
US3457012A (en) * 1966-01-28 1969-07-22 Control Data Corp Apparatus for generating fine line,discrete tracks
US3905818A (en) * 1971-03-09 1975-09-16 Ragonot Ets Method of making printed circuits
FR2218666A1 (de) * 1973-02-20 1974-09-13 Seim
US4101373A (en) * 1976-10-18 1978-07-18 Mbi, Inc. Method and apparatus for producing a design on a flat surface adapted to be formed into an arcuate surface
US4659429A (en) * 1983-08-03 1987-04-21 Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. Method and apparatus for production and use of nanometer scale light beams
US4917462A (en) * 1988-06-15 1990-04-17 Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. Near field scanning optical microscopy
US6383719B1 (en) 1998-05-19 2002-05-07 International Business Machines Corporation Process for enhanced lithographic imaging
WO2000039625A2 (en) * 1998-12-28 2000-07-06 Creo, Ltd. Rotational scanning image recording system
WO2000039625A3 (en) * 1998-12-28 2000-10-26 Creo Ltd Rotational scanning image recording system
US6252241B1 (en) 1998-12-28 2001-06-26 Creo, Ltd. Rotational scanning image recording system having both a large format and high resolution

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
LU43590A1 (de) 1963-06-19
AT252371B (de) 1967-02-27
BE630278A (de)
GB985353A (en) 1965-03-10
CH440973A (de) 1967-07-31
DE1192051B (de) 1965-04-29
NL291622A (de)

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