US3153818A

US3153818A - Window sash construction

Info

Publication number: US3153818A
Application number: US93532A
Authority: US
Inventors: Jr Fred C Osten
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1961-03-06
Filing date: 1961-03-06
Publication date: 1964-10-27
Anticipated expiration: 1981-10-27

Description

Oct. 27, 1964 F. c. OSTEN, SR

wmnow SASH CONSTRUCTION 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR.

Arr-dealers 1964 F. c. OSTEN, SR 3,153,818

wmnow SASH consmucnou Filed larch 6. 1961 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

/BY RID avI'M-M'.

United States Patent ice 3,153,818 WINDOW SASH CONSTRUCTIQN Fred C. Osten, Sn, 14560 Ahingdon Ave, Detroit 27, Mich. Filed Mar. 6, 1961, Ser. No. 93,532 2 Claims. (1. 20-42) This invention relates to building structures and, in particular, to window sash structures.

One object of this invention is to provide a hollow window sash construction wherein the sash frame or border structure is made up of hollow sash rails connected to one another at their corners and providing a light, durable, low heat-conducting and permanentlycolored construction which is substantially free from warping, splitting, cracking and other defects of wooden sash constructions but at the same time free from the heavy weight, heat-conduction loss and corrosion defects of metal sash constructions.

Another object is to provide a hollowe window sash construction of the foregoing character wherein the hollow sash rails are made of plastic material preferably by extrusion, which results in an inexpensive yet highly successful article.

Another object is to provide a hollow window sash construction wherein the hollow sash rails are of compound construction consisting of an elongated channel member and an elongated closure plate closely fitting the open side of said chainnel member, thereby further reducing the cost of manufacture of such hollow sash rails.

Another object is to provide a hollow window sash construction as set forth in the object immediately preceding, wherein tlie closure plate is slidably interlocked with the channel member.

Another object is to provide a hollow window sash construction of the foregoing character which is adapted for use in a removable tilting sash window installation.

Another object is to provide a hollow window sash construction of the foregoing character wherein the meeting rails of the upper and lower sash frames are also of extruded plastic construction, and have overlapping portions disposed in sealing engagement with one another.

Another object is to provide a hollow window sash construction of the foregoing character wherein the hollow sash frame is especially well adapted for reception of dual pane units, and wherein means is provided for effectively retaining such dual pane units in position in the sash frames.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent during the course of the following description of the accompanying drawings, wherein:

FIGURE 1 is a diagrammatic rear elevation of a hollow sash window installation, according to one form of the invention, viewed from inside the building structure looking outward;

FlGURE 2 is an enlarged central vertical section taken along the line 2-2 in FIGURE 1, the central sash portions being omitted to conserve space;

FIGURE 3 is a horizontal section taken along the line 33 in FIGURE 1, with the central sash portions omitted to conserve space;

FIGURE 4 is a fragmentary horizontal section through one of the vertical sash rails, taken along the line 4-4 in FIGURE 1, showing a rail and a rail corner coupling member with the adjacent structure omitted; and

FIGURE 5 is a front elevation of the rail corner coupling member removed from the sash.

Referring to the drawings in detail, FIGURES l, 2 and 3 show a double-hung tiltably-removable sliding sash window installation, generally designated 10, according to one form of the invention as consisting gen- 3,153,8l8 Patented Oct. 27, 1964 erally of a window frame 12 having on its opposite sides two resiliently-mounted vertical sash guides 14 (FIG- URE 3) slidably engaging a stationary channel guide or backing member 16 fastened to the adjacent vertical window frame side members 29 and retained in position by stop bars 22 also secured to the window frame sash members 20. The outer portions of the channel backing members 16 are provided with hollow outer border portions 24 preferably integral with the back plates 25 of the channel members 16 and preferably formed by rolling or extrusion of suitable material, such as aluminum or aluminum alloy.

The sash guides 14 are yieldingly urged away from the window frame side members 20 by helical compression springs 26 (FIGURE 3) and limited in their travel by stop screw 28 threaded through nuts 30 which in turn turn are clamped in vertical plates or strips 32 urged against the flanges 34 of intermediate ribs 36 of the guide channels 16 by central compression springs 38. The bevelled heads of the stop screws 28 are rotatably received in countersunk bosses 40 disposed in verticallyspaced relationship with one another in the midportions of the sash guides 14. Each sash guide 14 is provided with a pair of integral outwardly-extending hollow tubular portions 42 spaced laterally apart from one another and containing automatically self-locking removable sash balances, generally designated 44, of the type disclosed and claimed in my co-pending application Serial No. 61,988 filed October 11, 1960 for Spring-Bal ce- Mounted Removable Sash Window and beyond the scope of the present invention. Each sash balance 44, for purposes of calarification, may be said to include a sashbalancing helical tension spring 46, the upper end of which is anchored to the sash guide 14, and the lower end of the tension spring 46 is secured to a sash locking member or pawl 43 carrying a trunnion pin or sash pivot 50. The locking pawl 4-8 is pivotally mounted in a slide block 52 in such a manner that the trunnion pin or sash pivot 5d swings upward in response to the pull of the spring 46 upon removal of the sash from the Window frame sash guides 14 for automatically locking the sash balance 44- to the tubular portion 42, as set forth in the above-mentioned Osten application. The trunnion pins or sash pivots 56 project through elongated vertical slots 53 in the front walls of the vertical sash guides 14.

Vertically slidably mounted in and between the opposing resiliently-mounted sash guides 14 are two window sash units, generally designated 54 and 56 of similar construction and hence requiring only a single description. The

sash units

54 and 56 constitute the outer and inner or upper and lower sash units of the window sash installation it Each

sash unit

54 or 56 consists generally of an open-centered sash frame or border frame 58 surrounding and receiving a dual pane unit 66 held in position by retaining sealing strips 62 (FIGURE 3).

Each

window sash unit

54 or 56 has its sash frame or border frame 58 composed of vertical side rails 64 interconnected by oppositely-facing meeting rails 66 and horizontal rails 63 which constitute the upper rail of the upper sash 54 and the lower rail or bottom rail of the lower sash 56. The horizontal rails 68 are also of similar construction but face in opposite directions, the upper horizontal rail 68 (FIGURE 2) engaging an upper weatherseal member, generally designated 7%), of interfitting construction and the lower horizontal rail 68 engaging and interfitting with a lower sill member, generally designated 72. The vertical rails 64 and

horizontal rails

66 and 68 are coupled to one another at their ends by corner coupling members 74 (FIGURES 4 and 5).

Each

rail

64, 66 or 68 consists of an elongated stepped channel member 76 and an elongated closure member '73 interfitted therewith (FIGURE 4). Each channel o a member 76 in turn consists of opposite plate-like parallel sides 80 and 82 of unequal width interconnected by a stepped side 84. The stepped side 84 has portions 86 and 88 extending transversely from the edges of the wide and narrow sides 80 and 82 respectively in perpendicular relationship therewith, and are interconnected by a portion 90 disposed parallel to the parallel sides 80 and 82. The portions 86 and 90 are thus disposed at right angles to one another to form, in effect, a rabbet 92 into and against which the dual pane unit 60 is fitted. The section 86 of the stepped side 84 remote from the corner or rabbet 92 is provided with a groove 94 of slightly greater than semicircular cross-section to receive the correspondinglyshaped rib portion 96 of the sealing strip 62, which is preferably of elastic deformable material, such as natural or synthetic rubber.

The free edges 98 and 100 of the sides 80 and 82 (FIG- URE 4) of the

rails

64, 66 and 68 are thickened to con tain T-slots 102 which are slidably engaged by T-ribs 104 integral with and projecting inwardly from the closure members 78 on the inner sides thereof. The closure members 78 in turn possess marginal portions 106 disposed substantially in the same plane and connected by oblique portions 108 to an insert central portion 110 disposed parallel with but spaced inwardly from the marginal portions 106. Each channel member 76 and closure member 78 is preferably formed by extrusion of synthetic plastic material, such as from a vinyl plastic material, by conventional extrusion processes and apparatus well known to those skilled in the plastic art and beyond the scope of the present invention.

Each corner coupling member 74 (FIGURE is approximately L-shaped and formed from vinyl or nylon plastic or other suitable material. Each corner coupling member or bracket 74 is provided with two hollow tubular arm portions 112 disposed perpendicularly to one another and of substantially the same cross-section as the hollow

sash rails

64, 66 or 68 so as to fit slidably into the interior thereof in telescoping relationship therewith (FIG- URE 4). Thus each arm 112 has wide and narrow parallel sides 114 and 116 with their opposite edges interconnected by a stepped side 118 and an inset or troughshaped side 120. The opposite sides 118 and 120 are interconnected by a partition rib 122 which is drilled and threaded to receive locking screws 124. The screws 124 are threaded into the stepped side 84 to retain the

adjacent rails

64 and 66 or 68 in assembly with one another. The

screws 124 of course are inserted before the closure members 78 are slid into place, or else access holes must be made in the closure members 78.

The meeting rails 66 (FIGURE 2) differ slightly in the construction of their closure members 126 and 128 in order to provide interfitting and sealing relatively to one another. The closure member 126 of the meeting rail 66 of the'upper sash 54 and the closure member 128 of the meeting rail 66 of the lower sash 60 possess substantially flat plate-like main portions 130 and 132 provided with T-ribs 134 adapted to fit and slidably engage the T-slots 102, and the closure members 126 and 128 have extensions 136 disposed perpendicular to the portions 130 with wedge-shaped portions 138 and 140 facing in opposite directions and secured by screws 142 to their respective rails 66. The wedge-shaped portion 140 is grooved as at 144 to receive the opposite edges 146 of a sealing strip 148 of arcuate hollow cross-section the sealing strip 148 is preferably of synthetic rubber or synthetic plastic material, adapted to come into sealing engagement with the wedge-shaped portion 138 when the upper and lower

sash units

54 and 56 are in their closed positions shown in FIGURE 2.

The upper weather seal member 70 (FIGURE 2) is formed of any suitable material, such as aluminum, by conventional rolling or extruding processes and apparatus and is of channel cross-section possessing inwardly-projecting rib 150 disposed parallel to one another and drilled and countersunk to receive screws 152 by which, they are secured to the back portions 25 of the upper backing member 16 (FIGURE 2) which is generally similar in construction to the side backing members 16 of FIGURE 3 and similarly is provided with hollow outer border portions 24. The backing member 16 is in turn secured to the window frame top member 154.

In order to receive and detachably engage the trunnion pins or sash pivots 50 of the self-locking removable sash balances 44, the lower ends of the vertical side rails 64 are provided with L-shaped slots 156 having open-ended vertical portions 158 and ofiset horizontal portions 160.

The window pane units 60 are conventional, are available on the open market from several manufacturers, and their details are accordingly beyond the scope of the present invention. Each consists of a pair of spaced

parallel window panes

162 and 164 having insulating edge strips 166 (FIGURES 2 and 4) which permanently seal the interior space and render it gas-tight and moisture-tight. The interior space is preferably filled with a dry gas which at the same time serves as an insulating layer which impedes the conduction of heat through the dual pane unit 60. Each window pane unit 60 is surrounded on all sides by cushion strips 168 of vinyl plastic or other suitable mateiral which is capable of a certain amount of expansion or compression in response to the contraction and expansion of the dual window pane unit 60.

In the manufacture and assembly of the various components of the hollow window sash construction of the present invention: let it be assumed that there are available suitable lengths of channel stock 76 and flat stock 78 (FIGURE 4) from which the components of the sash frame side rails 64, meeting rails 66 and horizontal rails 68 have been extruded or otherwise prepared. These are cut into the proper lengths for the above-mentioned rails, according to the size of the window for which the sash is intended, with their ends mitered at 45 degrees. The window sash frame or border frames 58 are then formed by interconnecting the vertical side rails 64 to their respective meeting rails 66 and horizontal rails 68 by inserting the arms 112 of the corner coupling member 74 therein in telescoping relationship (FIGURES 1 and 4), and the screws 124 inserted to lock the components of the assembly together. The rails 64, 66-or 68 are then closed by sliding the T-ribs 134 of the closure plates 126 or 128 into the T-slots 102 in their corresponding channel members 76.

The dual window pane units 60 (or single panes, if desired) are then inserted into the central openings of the sash frames or border frames 58 and seated in the rabbets 92. The sealing strips 62, which have been cut to their proper lengths, are then inserted into the central openings of the sash frames or border frames 58 and seated in the rabbets 92. The sealing strips 62, which have been cut to their proper lengths, are then snapped into place by pushing their ribs 96 into the grooves 94, the ribs 96 yielding slightly because of their resilience due to the use of elastic deformable material for the sealing strips The L-slots 156 are then formed in the lower ends of the closure plates 78 of the vertical side rails 64, in order to accommodate the trunnion pins or sash pivots 50 of the self-locking removable sash balances 44. The open end of the slot portion 158 is of course extended through the adjacent end portion of the closure plate 126 of the horizontal rail adjacent thereto so as to provide for free entry of the trunnion pins or sash pivots 50, as explained below in connection with the operation of the invention.

In the operation of the invention, let it be assumed that the resiliently-mounted sash guides 14 have been installed in the window frames 12 as explained in my above-mentioned co-pending application 'Serial No. 6l,- 988 filed October 11, 1960 for Spring-Balance-Mounted Removable Sash Window, and that the trunnion pins or sash pivots 50 have been pulled downward to a convenient location, tensioning the balancing springs 46. The operator then inserts the

window sash units

54 and 56 by pushing their lower ends into the space between the sash guides 14, wedging them apart by the camming action of their bevelled portions adjacent the slots 53 through which the trunnion pins or sash pivots 50 project, at the same time aligning the open ends of the L-slots 156 with the trunnion pins or sash pivots 50 so that the latter enter the former. When the L-slots 156 have been pushed onto the trunnion pins or sash pivots 50 to their greatest extent, so that the trunnion pins or sash pivots 50 are seated in the horizontal portions 160 of the L-slots 156, the operator swings the

sash unit

54 or 56 upward into a vertical position, the weight of the sash unit pushing the trunnion pins or sash pivots 50 downward around their respective pivots in their slide blocks 52. This action rotates the locking pawls 48 so as to release them from gripping engagement with the rearward or inner walls of the tubular portions 42 of the sash guides 14, as explained in the above-mentioned application Serial No. 61,988, releasing the tension springs 46 to pull upward upon the slide blocks 52 and trunnion pins or sash pivots 59, which are now in horizontal positions, counterbalancing the weights of the

window sash units

54 and 56 to the desired extent, as determined by the tension springs 46. Meanwhile, the

sash units

54 and 56 are pushed into their completely vertical positions so as to be vertically slidable in the sash guides 14 for ordinary opening and closing of the window for ventilation or other purposes.

For removal of the

window sash units

54 and 56, the foregoing operations are reversed by the operator grasping the

horizontal sash rail

68 or 66 remote from the slotted

horizontal sash rail

66 or 68 and pulling the former toward himself, at the same time pushing the resiliently-mounted sash guides 14 apart from one another by the camming action of the relatively bevelled parts mentioned above (FIGURE 3), until the

sash unit

54 or 56 being removed is in an almost horizontal or slightly inclined position. The operator then disengages the trunnion pins or sash pivots 50 from the locking notches at the ends of the horizontal portions 160 by pushing horizontally against the slotted

horizontal sash rail

66 or 68. He then pulls the

sash unit

54 or 56 toward himself by applying a force in the plane of the window pane unit 60, drawing the L-slots 156 away from and out of engagement with the trunnion pins or sash pivots 50,

6 which pass outward through the open ends of the slot portions 158 (FIGURE 2).

What I claim is:

1. In a spring-balanced removable sliding sash window installation wherein a rectangular window frame is provided on opposite sides with elongated sash guides at least one of which is yielda'oly mounted thereon and both of which contain self-locking spring sash balances carrying inwardly-projecting normally coaxial lock-actuating sash pivots, the combination with said pivots of a quicklyremovable pivoting window sash construction, comprising a sash frame including side, top and bottom rails disposed in an open-centered substantially rectangular arrangement and secured to one another at their adjacent ends,

a window pane unit mounted in the open center of said arrangement with its edges engaging said rails,

and means for retaining and sealing said window pane unit in said sash frame,

said sash frame near the lower corners thereof having open-ended pivot-receiving slots disposed in horizontal alignment with one another whereby to quick-detachably mount said sash frame upon the coaxial pivots in the window frame.

2. In a spring-balanced removable sliding sash window installation having pivoting window sash construction according to claim 1, wherein said slots are approximately L-shaped with the open ends thereof horizontally aligned with one another and with the portions of said slots containing said open ends extending outwardly substantially to the outer edge of said sash frame.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,152,390 Bishop Sept. 7, 1915 2,197,913 Axe Apr. 23, 1940 2,322,700 Mussey June 22, 1943 2,538,749 Kerbaugh Jan. 23, 1951 2,589,064 Drake Mar. 11, 1952 2,717,665 Himmel et al. Sept. 13, 1955 2,888,719 Brengman June 2, 1959 2,932,861 Kunkel Apr. 19, 1960 3,040,389 Fengler June 26, 1962 FOREIGN PATENTS 725,696 Great Britain Mar. 9, 1955

Claims

1. IN A SPRING-BALANCED REMOVABLE SLIDING SASH WINDOW INSTALLATION WHEREIN A RECTANGULAR WINDOW FRAME IS PROVIDED ON OPPOSITE SIDES WITH ELONGATED SASH GUIDES AT LEAST ONE OF WHICH IS YIELDABLY MOUNTED THEREON AND BOTH OF WHICH CONTAIN SELF-LOCKING SPRING SASH BALANCES CARRYING INWARDLY-PROJECTING NORMALLY COAXIAL LOCK-ACTUATING SASH PIVOTS, THE COMBINATION WITH SAID PIVOTS OF A QUICKLYREMOVABLE PIVOTING WINDOW SASH CONSTRUCTION, COMPRISING A SASH FRAME INCLUDING SIDE, TOP AND BOTTOM RAILS DISPOSED IN AN OPEN-CENTERED SUBSTANTIALLY RECTANGULAR ARRANGEMENT AND SECURED TO ONE ANOTHER AT THERIR ADJACENT ENDS, A WINDOW PANE UNIT MOUNTED IN THE OPEN CENTER OF SAID ARRANGEMENT WITH ITS EDGES ENGAGING SAID RAILS,