US3153510A - Rock-tunneling apparatus - Google Patents
Rock-tunneling apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3153510A US3153510A US92277A US9227761A US3153510A US 3153510 A US3153510 A US 3153510A US 92277 A US92277 A US 92277A US 9227761 A US9227761 A US 9227761A US 3153510 A US3153510 A US 3153510A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- holder
- platform
- nozzle
- concrete
- axis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
- B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
- B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
- B05B13/0431—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation with spray heads moved by robots or articulated arms, e.g. for applying liquid or other fluent material to 3D-surfaces
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
Definitions
- This invention relates toan apparatus for coating a surface ⁇ with a concrete binder, ⁇ and more particularly for coating with concrete, the arched roof of a rock tunnel freshly exposed by blasting, as the excavation of such tunnel progresses.
- the apparatus is mainly characterised in that a concrete projection device is mounted on a platform and has a nozzle whose distance from the platform is adjustable and which is turnable in relation to the platform.
- the concrete projection or spraying device includes a rod-like, extensible, nozzle holder which is pivotal about a first axis substantially perpendicular to the platform and also about a second axis which is perpendicular to said first axis, the nozzle being pivotally mounted on the holder about axes parallel to and perpendicular to that of the holder.
- FIG. 1 of the drawing is a vertical longitudinal section through a tunnel and a concrete spraying apparatus in operation.
- FIG. 2 shows the concrete applying apparatus in a side elevation.
- the reference numeral 1 denotes the temporary face in the tunnel.
- the reference numeral 2 denotes the muck after a salvo has just been ired, and by means of which a part L has been blasted.
- the front part of the tunnel has in the above described manner been provided with a protective arched roof 3, which constitutes a protective covering against a fall and which is for example about 10 to l5 cm. thick.
- a protective arched roof 3 which constitutes a protective covering against a fall and which is for example about 10 to l5 cm. thick.
- a holder 7 for a concrete supply nozzle 8 is swingably mounted in a horizontal plane on a post 6 on the platform.
- the nozzle extends substantially radially in relation to the holder 7, which is preferably telescopically extendible, so that the nozzle can be swung in the vertical plane. These movements are controlled by a worker on the platform or from the vehicle 4 or the like.
- the spray nozzle may be of a type known per se.
- the dry components of the mixture are supplied through a pipe 9 and water is supplied at the nozzle.
- the platform is carried by an arm it) swingably mounted on the support 4 and a parallelogram linkage l1 similarly mounted so that the platform can, by a hydraulic cylinder l2, be moved upwardly and parallel to itself.
- the platform, concrete spray nozzle and the parts which support the latter are shown in a larger scale in FIG. 2.
- the post 6 consists of a lower part 20 xed to the platform and a part 2x1 mounted on the part Z0 and rotatable about a vertical axis.
- a hydraulic cylinder for moving a piston rod 22 vertically; on the upper end of the piston rod 22 the long holder 7 is rotatably mounted about a horizontal axis 23 to swing in a vertical plane.
- a fitting 24 is xed to the rear end ofthe holder 7, and a rod 26 is pivotally attached to the latter tting and the upper part 21 of the post.
- the holder 7 consists of an outer part 27 and an inner part 28 longitudinally movable in the outer part; the
- ICC spray nozzle 8 is mounted at the front end of the inner part 28.
- a hydraulic cylinder 29 having a piston rod 3i) is mounted between the parts 27, 28 and is operative to move telescopically the inner part 28 of the holder forwardly and rearwardly in the part 27.
- the nozzle is mounted in a bracket 31, which is by means of a pin 32 pivotally connected to a rod 33.
- the rod 33 is rotatably mounted in a head 34 on the holder part 28 so that the arm 33 and nozzle are swingable about the longitudinal axis of the holder 27, 28.
- the swinging can be effected by means of hydraulic turning device, known per se. mounted in the head 34.
- a hydraulic cylinder 37 is swingable about a pin 36 on an arm 35 which projects radially from the arm 33, and the piston rod 38 is pivotally connected to the bracket below the latters swinging axis 32 on the rod 33.
- the pipes by means of which the pressure medium is supplied to and conducted away from the hydraulically operating devices in the head 34 and to the cylinder 37 are designated by 40 and 41.
- FIG. 2 shows also the pipe 9 through which the solid dry components of the cement mixture are supplied to the nozzle. They are forced through the pipes by compressed air.
- 45 denotes a pipe for water which is supplied to the nozzle S at the same time as the dry components and which is mixed with the latter immediately before they are sprayed out through the nozzle. This is necessary with quick setting concrete mixtures and is known per se.
- Such devices are called cement-gun pneumatic placing machines.
- the nozzle can, by means of the apparatus described, be moved to and fro along the arched roof in the tunnel, and can be directed to the side or upwardly and in addition forwardly or rearwardly so that the jet of cement mixture emerging from the nozzle can be directed towards every point on the arched roof in the tunnel and in between the wedged stones in the roof so that the latter are rapidly bonded to each other to prevent them falling down.
- the part of the natural roof along the length L spaced from the muck is now coated by the spraying apparatus with a thin film of preferably quick setting concrete, and the whole surface should be covered as rapidly as practicable.
- the supplementary coating with concrete is then effected as described above. The latter can be completed within for example three hours so that the apparatus can be removed and the removal of the muck started.
- the protective roof is thin in relation to completed load carrying concrete lining, which in the methods hitherto used have covered the roof L, the lining presents less obstacle to drilling at the edges of the face 1, so that the drill holes may make a smaller angle with the longitudinal axis of the tunnel.
- the saw tooth longitudinal section which the wall of the tunnel normally has may now be less marked, and consequently material for completion lling is saved in this respect also.
- An apparatus for applying a concrete coating to a surface comprising a movable platform and a concrete spraying device which is mounted on said platform, said spraying device comprising a rod-like extensible holder which is pivotal about a first axis substantially perpendicular to said platform and about a second axis perpendicular to said iirst axis, a spray nozzle pivotally mounted at the free end of said holder about axes o o parallel to that of the holder and perpendicular to that of the holder, and fluid pressure-driven means, adjustable from said platform, for adjusting said nozzle around said axes.
- the rodlike extensible holder comprises an elongated outer holder part 27 and a telescoping inner holder part 28, and in which a hydraulic piston means 29, 30 is operatively attached to parts 27 and 28 for telescopically moving part 27 within part 28.
- spray nozzle 8 is supported by a bracket 31 rockable about an axis 32 perpendicular to, and supported by an arm 33 which is parallel to, the holder 27, 28, said spray nozzle being rotatably mounted on the end of said holder, said K arm 33 having a lateral projection 35 on which is pivotally mounted a hydraulic cylinder 37, the piston rod 38 of which cylinder is pivotally connected tothe bracket 31.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Robotics (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US312666A US3224203A (en) | 1961-02-28 | 1963-09-30 | Method of driving tunnels in rock |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE223160A SE227828C1 (ru) | 1960-03-04 | 1960-03-04 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3153510A true US3153510A (en) | 1964-10-20 |
Family
ID=20259596
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US92277A Expired - Lifetime US3153510A (en) | 1960-03-04 | 1961-02-28 | Rock-tunneling apparatus |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3153510A (ru) |
CH (1) | CH386474A (ru) |
ES (1) | ES265352A1 (ru) |
FI (2) | FI53151C (ru) |
GB (2) | GB963403A (ru) |
SE (1) | SE227828C1 (ru) |
Cited By (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3473737A (en) * | 1966-03-09 | 1969-10-21 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Apparatus for gunning refractory material having adjustable nozzle positioning means |
US3514038A (en) * | 1968-02-14 | 1970-05-26 | Ag Chem Equipment Co | Adjustable spray unit |
US3531054A (en) * | 1968-06-21 | 1970-09-29 | Skanska Cementgjuteriet Ab | Apparatus for applying a sprayable material to a surface,e.g. a rock wall |
US3599871A (en) * | 1969-07-08 | 1971-08-17 | Goodrich Co B F | Jet spray tank cleaner |
US3830339A (en) * | 1972-06-30 | 1974-08-20 | Simon Eng Dudley Ltd | Access equipment |
US3833175A (en) * | 1972-02-29 | 1974-09-03 | Stabilator Ab | Mobile-platform-supported device for the application of a sprayable material to a surface |
US3943688A (en) * | 1974-10-04 | 1976-03-16 | Billings Thomas A | Harvesting machine |
US4064656A (en) * | 1975-06-10 | 1977-12-27 | Alfred Gutmann Gesellschaft Fur Maschinenbau | Device for blasting large and bulky workpieces |
US4156503A (en) * | 1976-06-01 | 1979-05-29 | Stabilator Ab | Method and a device for swivelling a spray nozzle about a swivelling axis |
US4220170A (en) * | 1979-07-30 | 1980-09-02 | Hebert Chris J | Apparatus for cleaning large tank interiors |
US4565321A (en) * | 1981-12-08 | 1986-01-21 | Godtfred Vestergaard | Vehicle for deicing aircraft |
US4805653A (en) * | 1985-09-09 | 1989-02-21 | Serv-Tech, Inc. | Mobile articulatable tube bundle cleaner |
US5018544A (en) * | 1990-03-06 | 1991-05-28 | Ohmstede Mechanical Services, Inc. | Apparatus for cleaning heat exchanger tube bundles |
US5070964A (en) * | 1991-03-04 | 1991-12-10 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | End effector with astronaut foot restraint |
US5113969A (en) * | 1991-05-10 | 1992-05-19 | Centre De Recherche Industrielle Du Quebec | Displaceable working platform with extensible boom |
US6206016B1 (en) * | 1998-07-27 | 2001-03-27 | Mac & Mac Hydrodemolition Inc. | Spray cleaner for interior surface of pipeline |
US6341665B1 (en) | 1999-09-13 | 2002-01-29 | Grove U.S. L.L.C. | Retractable counterweight for straight-boom aerial work platform |
US6418947B1 (en) | 1998-07-30 | 2002-07-16 | Mac & Mac Hydrodemolition, Inc. | Scarifier for interior surface of pipeline |
US6550486B2 (en) | 1998-07-30 | 2003-04-22 | Mac & Mac Hydrodemolition, Inc. | Apparatus for scarifying the interior surface of a pipeline |
US20040025912A1 (en) * | 1998-07-30 | 2004-02-12 | Macneil Gerard | Scarifier for the interior surface of a pipeline |
CN101396682B (zh) * | 2007-09-28 | 2010-09-15 | 刘乐贺 | 一种用于喷涂的智能臂机构 |
CN106979022A (zh) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-07-25 | 中国矿业大学 | 一种巷道履带式喷浆机器人 |
Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1147546A (en) * | 1915-01-18 | 1915-07-20 | Frank B Rees | Tar-spreader. |
US1583772A (en) * | 1923-12-12 | 1926-05-11 | Jacob B Blaw | Portable fire-hose-nozzle support |
US1835132A (en) * | 1929-04-22 | 1931-12-08 | Max Rosenthal | Fire apparatus |
US2176891A (en) * | 1934-04-26 | 1939-10-24 | John M Crom | Method of coating passages |
US2297099A (en) * | 1940-02-08 | 1942-09-29 | John M Crom | Tunnel lining machine |
US2429045A (en) * | 1945-09-12 | 1947-10-14 | Kenneth C Bellows | Tunnel lining and method of forming the same |
US2750155A (en) * | 1952-02-18 | 1956-06-12 | Rogers Iron Works Company | Hydraulic jib arm for drilling machines |
US2895299A (en) * | 1955-06-24 | 1959-07-21 | American Marietta Co | Method of constructing tunnels |
US2998861A (en) * | 1957-12-06 | 1961-09-05 | Edgar A Hotchkiss | Orchard crane |
US3016201A (en) * | 1959-12-15 | 1962-01-09 | I M Tiffin | Tunnel cleaning machine |
US3043395A (en) * | 1961-06-02 | 1962-07-10 | Ellis W Volkel | Mechanized ladder device |
-
1960
- 1960-03-04 SE SE223160A patent/SE227828C1/xx unknown
-
1961
- 1961-02-27 FI FI369/61A patent/FI53151C/fi active
- 1961-02-28 GB GB51183/63A patent/GB963403A/en not_active Expired
- 1961-02-28 GB GB7370/61A patent/GB963402A/en not_active Expired
- 1961-02-28 US US92277A patent/US3153510A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1961-03-03 CH CH257861A patent/CH386474A/de unknown
- 1961-03-03 ES ES265352A patent/ES265352A1/es not_active Expired
-
1965
- 1965-02-12 FI FI0345/65A patent/FI41165B/fi active
Patent Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1147546A (en) * | 1915-01-18 | 1915-07-20 | Frank B Rees | Tar-spreader. |
US1583772A (en) * | 1923-12-12 | 1926-05-11 | Jacob B Blaw | Portable fire-hose-nozzle support |
US1835132A (en) * | 1929-04-22 | 1931-12-08 | Max Rosenthal | Fire apparatus |
US2176891A (en) * | 1934-04-26 | 1939-10-24 | John M Crom | Method of coating passages |
US2297099A (en) * | 1940-02-08 | 1942-09-29 | John M Crom | Tunnel lining machine |
US2429045A (en) * | 1945-09-12 | 1947-10-14 | Kenneth C Bellows | Tunnel lining and method of forming the same |
US2750155A (en) * | 1952-02-18 | 1956-06-12 | Rogers Iron Works Company | Hydraulic jib arm for drilling machines |
US2895299A (en) * | 1955-06-24 | 1959-07-21 | American Marietta Co | Method of constructing tunnels |
US2998861A (en) * | 1957-12-06 | 1961-09-05 | Edgar A Hotchkiss | Orchard crane |
US3016201A (en) * | 1959-12-15 | 1962-01-09 | I M Tiffin | Tunnel cleaning machine |
US3043395A (en) * | 1961-06-02 | 1962-07-10 | Ellis W Volkel | Mechanized ladder device |
Cited By (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3473737A (en) * | 1966-03-09 | 1969-10-21 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Apparatus for gunning refractory material having adjustable nozzle positioning means |
US3514038A (en) * | 1968-02-14 | 1970-05-26 | Ag Chem Equipment Co | Adjustable spray unit |
US3531054A (en) * | 1968-06-21 | 1970-09-29 | Skanska Cementgjuteriet Ab | Apparatus for applying a sprayable material to a surface,e.g. a rock wall |
US3599871A (en) * | 1969-07-08 | 1971-08-17 | Goodrich Co B F | Jet spray tank cleaner |
US3833175A (en) * | 1972-02-29 | 1974-09-03 | Stabilator Ab | Mobile-platform-supported device for the application of a sprayable material to a surface |
US3830339A (en) * | 1972-06-30 | 1974-08-20 | Simon Eng Dudley Ltd | Access equipment |
US3943688A (en) * | 1974-10-04 | 1976-03-16 | Billings Thomas A | Harvesting machine |
US4064656A (en) * | 1975-06-10 | 1977-12-27 | Alfred Gutmann Gesellschaft Fur Maschinenbau | Device for blasting large and bulky workpieces |
US4156503A (en) * | 1976-06-01 | 1979-05-29 | Stabilator Ab | Method and a device for swivelling a spray nozzle about a swivelling axis |
US4220170A (en) * | 1979-07-30 | 1980-09-02 | Hebert Chris J | Apparatus for cleaning large tank interiors |
WO1981000363A1 (en) * | 1979-07-30 | 1981-02-19 | C Sweat | Apparatus for cleaning large tank interiors |
US4565321A (en) * | 1981-12-08 | 1986-01-21 | Godtfred Vestergaard | Vehicle for deicing aircraft |
US4805653A (en) * | 1985-09-09 | 1989-02-21 | Serv-Tech, Inc. | Mobile articulatable tube bundle cleaner |
US4856545A (en) * | 1985-09-09 | 1989-08-15 | Serv-Tech, Inc. | Multi-lange tube bundle cleaner |
EP0430306A1 (en) * | 1985-09-09 | 1991-06-05 | Serv-Tech, Inc. | Mobile articulatable tube bundle cleaner |
US5018544A (en) * | 1990-03-06 | 1991-05-28 | Ohmstede Mechanical Services, Inc. | Apparatus for cleaning heat exchanger tube bundles |
US5070964A (en) * | 1991-03-04 | 1991-12-10 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | End effector with astronaut foot restraint |
US5113969A (en) * | 1991-05-10 | 1992-05-19 | Centre De Recherche Industrielle Du Quebec | Displaceable working platform with extensible boom |
US6206016B1 (en) * | 1998-07-27 | 2001-03-27 | Mac & Mac Hydrodemolition Inc. | Spray cleaner for interior surface of pipeline |
US20040025912A1 (en) * | 1998-07-30 | 2004-02-12 | Macneil Gerard | Scarifier for the interior surface of a pipeline |
US6418947B1 (en) | 1998-07-30 | 2002-07-16 | Mac & Mac Hydrodemolition, Inc. | Scarifier for interior surface of pipeline |
US6550486B2 (en) | 1998-07-30 | 2003-04-22 | Mac & Mac Hydrodemolition, Inc. | Apparatus for scarifying the interior surface of a pipeline |
US7128074B2 (en) | 1998-07-30 | 2006-10-31 | Mac & Mac Hydrodemolition, Inc. | Scarifier for the interior surface of a pipeline |
USRE44518E1 (en) | 1998-07-30 | 2013-10-08 | Mac & Mac Hydrodemolition Inc. | Method of scarifying an interior surface of a pipeline |
US6341665B1 (en) | 1999-09-13 | 2002-01-29 | Grove U.S. L.L.C. | Retractable counterweight for straight-boom aerial work platform |
CN101396682B (zh) * | 2007-09-28 | 2010-09-15 | 刘乐贺 | 一种用于喷涂的智能臂机构 |
CN106979022A (zh) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-07-25 | 中国矿业大学 | 一种巷道履带式喷浆机器人 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB963402A (en) | 1964-07-08 |
SE227828C1 (ru) | 1973-04-03 |
FI53151B (ru) | 1977-10-31 |
ES265352A1 (es) | 1961-06-16 |
FI53151C (ru) | 1978-02-10 |
FI41165B (ru) | 1969-06-02 |
GB963403A (en) | 1964-07-08 |
CH386474A (de) | 1965-01-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US3153510A (en) | Rock-tunneling apparatus | |
US3833175A (en) | Mobile-platform-supported device for the application of a sprayable material to a surface | |
US20070079852A1 (en) | Removal of Residual Concrete from Ready Mixed Concrete Drums | |
US2803444A (en) | Mine roof support systems | |
NO121842B (ru) | ||
NO157032B (no) | Anordning ved ringlasergyroskop. | |
US2750155A (en) | Hydraulic jib arm for drilling machines | |
US3224203A (en) | Method of driving tunnels in rock | |
US4436455A (en) | Universally positionable low profile mine drilling machine and method | |
US3531054A (en) | Apparatus for applying a sprayable material to a surface,e.g. a rock wall | |
US2683587A (en) | Drilling apparatus | |
AU2005228979B2 (en) | Device for coating tunnel walls | |
US4905426A (en) | Mobile sandblasting apparatus | |
JP2633957B2 (ja) | トンネル覆工工法及びその装置 | |
US3078932A (en) | Drilling machine | |
US4040669A (en) | Self propelled excavating vehicle | |
JPH06257380A (ja) | ウオータジェット切断装置およびこれを備えたシールド掘進機並びに掘進路上の障害物除去方法 | |
JP3409690B2 (ja) | マンケージ | |
JPH0312944B2 (ru) | ||
US3702162A (en) | Adjustable support for ring drilling | |
US3647264A (en) | Machine for driving tunnels, drifts, raises, and the like | |
SU1789711A1 (en) | Device for performance of concrete spraying | |
US2518362A (en) | Stope drill column | |
DE1232182B (de) | Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen von Beton mittels einer Spritzduese auf die Ausbruchswandungen von Tunneln, Stollen od. dgl. | |
US3695718A (en) | Raise boring machine |