US3150977A - Light-sensitive photographic materials - Google Patents

Light-sensitive photographic materials Download PDF

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Publication number
US3150977A
US3150977A US77292A US7729260A US3150977A US 3150977 A US3150977 A US 3150977A US 77292 A US77292 A US 77292A US 7729260 A US7729260 A US 7729260A US 3150977 A US3150977 A US 3150977A
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United States
Prior art keywords
compounds
silver halide
emulsion
emulsions
sensitivity
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US77292A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hart Rene Maurice
Thiers Robrecht Julius
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Gevaert Photo Producten NV
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Gevaert Photo Producten NV
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F26/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen
    • C08F26/02—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen by a single or double bond to nitrogen
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
    • G03C1/04—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with macromolecular additives; with layer-forming substances
    • G03C1/043—Polyalkylene oxides; Polyalkylene sulfides; Polyalkylene selenides; Polyalkylene tellurides

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for improving the quality of photographic materials and more particularly to a process for enhancing the developability and the general light-sensitivity of silver halide emulsion layers.
  • these polyglycols and alkylene oxide polymers should have a molecular weight of at least 400 and that in order to obtain a noticeable effect it is in practice necessary to use compounds which possess a molecular weight of 1500 to 2000 and more.
  • the developability of lightsensitive emulsions can be very favorably influenced by adding to one or more emulsion layers or other layers comprised by the photographic element, compounds which are obtained by polymerizing or copolymerizing vinyl polymers bearing low molecular polyalkylene groups as side-chains and showing on themselves no action of development acceleration.
  • R is a member selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, and an alkyl group;
  • R is a member selected from the group consisting of a carbonyl group and a NH-CO group
  • R is an alkylene group selected from the group consisting of an ethylene group, a propylene group and an isopropylene group;
  • R is a member selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon radical and a substituted hydrocarbon radical;
  • x represents a positive integer from 2 to 35
  • y represents a positive integer from 1 to 2
  • Monomer of methoxypolyethylene glycol-N-vinylcarbamate 10 g. of vinyl isocyanate, prepared according to the method described in the Belgian patent specification 540,975, are added to a solution of g. of methoxypolyethylene glycol (average molecular weight 550) in 50 cm. of anhydrous acetone. After the reaction, the acetone and any non-reacted vinyl isocyanate are distilled off under vacuum. 61.5 g. of the monomer of methoxypolyethylene glycol-N-vinylcarbamate are obtained.
  • the compounds according to the present invention may be added to the emulsions or brought into intimate contact with emulsion layers as follows: the compounds are dissolved in water or in an aqueous mixture of organic solvents which do not exert a prejudicial influence on silver halide emulsions. The obtained solution is then added to an emulsion or to an adjacent layer or applied to an emulsion layer as a coating composition.
  • the compounds can be introduced into the emulsion at various stages of its preparation, e.g., they may be incorporated as a separate addition, or mixed with one or more of the other constituents used at the initial precipitation of the silver halide grains during the physical or chemical ripening process, or at some other state prior to coating the emulsion.
  • the optimal amount of compound which can be added to the emulsion depends on the compound chosen, the nature of the colloid binding agent and the amount and kind of the silver halide in the emulsion. In general however the compounds according to the invention are added in a quantity of 50 mg. to 7 g. per mol of silver halide. If necessary, however, still other quantities of these compounds may be added which fall outside of these limits.
  • the process of the present invention can be combined with a method for increasing the sensitivity of the photographic material by incorporating therein small amounts of a sulphur containing compound such as allyl isocyanate, allyl thiourea and sodium thiosulphate, small amounts of reduction sensitizers such as the tin compounds described in the Belgian patent specifications 493,464 and 568,687, the imino-amino-methane sulphinic acid compounds described in the British patent specification 789,823 and small amounts of noble metal coni pounds such as gold, platinum, palladium, iridium, ruthenium and rhodium.
  • a sulphur containing compound such as allyl isocyanate, allyl thiourea and sodium thiosulphate
  • reduction sensitizers such as the tin compounds described in the Belgian patent specifications 493,464 and 568,687, the imino-amino-methane sulphinic acid compounds
  • stabilizers such as e.g. mercury compounds and the compounds described in our Belgian patent specifications 571,916 and 571,917 may be added to the emulsion. It is also usual to sensitize and to stabilize silver halide emulsions by incorporating therein cadium salts or by carrying out their processing in the presence of cadmium salts. Still other constituents such as antifogging agents, color couplers, developing substances, hardeners and wetting agents can moveover be added thereto in a usual manner and without deleteriously affecting the emulsion.
  • stabilizers such as e.g. mercury compounds and the compounds described in our Belgian patent specifications 571,916 and 571,917 may be added to the emulsion. It is also usual to sensitize and to stabilize silver halide emulsions by incorporating therein cadium salts or by carrying out their processing in the presence of cadmium salts. Still other constituents such as antifogging agents, color couplers, developing substances
  • the new compounds enhance the X-ray sensitivity and the general light-sensitivity of orthochromatic, panchromatic and all special emulsions, as well as of the ordinary non-spectrally sensitized emulsions.
  • the new compounds may also be used with a variety of emulsions since the sensitivity is markedly increased in either negative or positive emulsions.
  • Example A washed coarsegrained gelatino-silver iodo-bromide negative emulsion (average grain size: 08 1,), wherein the silver halide consists of 94.5 mol percent of silver- ,4 bromide and 5.5 mol percent iodide, is ripened at 45 C. After adding a panchromatically sensitizing dye and other usual ingredients, the emulsion is coated on a suitable support (sample 1). Further samples are prepared by adding prior to coating, to the same emulsion and per mol of silver halide present, the amounts of developing accelerators listed below. They are then treated as sample 1. After drying and exposure they are developed for 7 min. at 20 C. in a solution of the following composition:
  • Emulsions containing other water-permeable colloids may equally well be treated according to the present invention.
  • colloids may be mentioned for instance: agar-agar; zein; collodion; watersoluble cellulose derivatives such as hydrolized cellulose acetate, cellulose-esters of hydroxy-carboxylic acids cg.
  • lactic'acid and glycolic acid and alkali metal salts of cellulose esters of dicarboxylic acids such as phthalic acid; polyvinyl alcohol; partially hydrolized polyvinylacetate; mono-esters of polyvinyl-alcohol and poly-basic organic acids such as e.g. maleic acid, described in the Belgian patent specification 568,153, interpolymers of vinylacetate with unsaturated compounds such as styrene and maleic acid, water-soluble polyvinyl acetals and other hydrophilic, synthetic, semi-synthetic and natural resins or polymeric compounds.
  • dicarboxylic acids such as phthalic acid
  • polyvinyl alcohol partially hydrolized polyvinylacetate
  • mono-esters of polyvinyl-alcohol and poly-basic organic acids such as e.g. maleic acid, described in the Belgian patent specification 568,153, interpolymers of vinylacetate with unsaturated compounds such as styrene and maleic acid
  • the new development accelerators may be used for sensitizing the known types of silver chloride-, silver bromide-, and silver iodide emulsions and also of emulsions containing mixtures of these silver halides.
  • the methods described above furthermore are not limited concerning the amount and the nature of the development accelerator to be added on the moment of the addition. For obtaining the optimum effect all particular techniques in the preparation of light-sensitive emulsions should be taken into account.
  • the new development accelerators according to this invention present the advantage of being compatible with color couplers and optical sensitizing dyes, which fact is of the greatest importance by using them for increasing the general light-sensitivity of color photographic material containing one or more light-sensitive layers.
  • a further advantage of the process according to the present invention results in the simplicity of its general application, such as e.g. in the manufacture of lightsensitive materials for amateur and professional photography and cinematography, for graphic processes and for scientific and industrial applications.
  • Photographic light-sensitive element comprising a silver halide emulsion layer in intimate contact with a 5 6 polymer consisting of recurring units of the general foring a polymer consisting of recurring units of the genmula eral formula:
  • R is an ethylene group; n is an integer from 0 to 2, and x represents a positive integer from 2 to 35, said poly- 10 met serving as a development accelerator for said References Cited in the file of this Patent silver halide emulsion.
  • Photographic light-sensitive element comprising a UNITED STATES PATENTS silver halide emulsion layer, this emulsion layer contain- 2,467,832 Jones Apr. 19, 1949

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
US77292A 1959-12-23 1960-12-21 Light-sensitive photographic materials Expired - Lifetime US3150977A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE29454 1959-12-23

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US3150977A true US3150977A (en) 1964-09-29

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BE (1) BE585940A (en))
GB (1) GB945857A (en))

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3253919A (en) * 1962-06-12 1966-05-31 Eastman Kodak Co Sensitizers for photographic silver halide emulsions
US4089688A (en) * 1975-12-08 1978-05-16 Polaroid Corporation Polymeric N-alkenyl carbamate silver halide peptizer
EP0226953A3 (en) * 1985-12-21 1988-01-07 Agfa-Gevaert Ag Color photographic recording material
EP0401826A1 (en) * 1989-06-09 1990-12-12 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Silver halide photographic materials and method for manufacture thereof
EP0633494A1 (en) * 1993-07-07 1995-01-11 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Silver halide photographic emulsion and photographic material containing the same
US5955249A (en) * 1998-03-09 1999-09-21 Eastman Kodak Company Radiographic elements exhibiting increased speed and covering power
US20040242770A1 (en) * 2003-04-16 2004-12-02 Feldstein Mikhail M. Covalent and non-covalent crosslinking of hydrophilic polymers and adhesive compositions prepared therewith
US8206738B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2012-06-26 Corium International, Inc. Hydrogel compositions with an erodible backing member
US8273405B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2012-09-25 A.V. Topcheiv Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences Water-absorbent adhesive compositions and associated methods of manufacture and use
USRE44145E1 (en) 2000-07-07 2013-04-09 A.V. Topchiev Institute Of Petrochemical Synthesis Preparation of hydrophilic pressure sensitive adhesives having optimized adhesive properties
US8481059B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2013-07-09 A.V. Topchiev Institute Of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy Of Sciences Hydrogel compositions
US8541021B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2013-09-24 A.V. Topchiev Institute Of Petrochemical Synthesis Hydrogel compositions demonstrating phase separation on contact with aqueous media
US8658201B2 (en) 2004-01-30 2014-02-25 Corium International, Inc. Rapidly dissolving film for delivery of an active agent
US8753669B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2014-06-17 A.V. Topchiev Institute Of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy Of Sciences Two-phase, water-absorbent bioadhesive composition
US8784879B2 (en) 2009-01-14 2014-07-22 Corium International, Inc. Transdermal administration of tamsulosin
US8821901B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2014-09-02 A.V. Topchiev Institute Of Petrochemical Synthesis Russian Academy Of Sciences Method of preparing polymeric adhesive compositions utilizing the mechanism of interaction between the polymer components
US8840918B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2014-09-23 A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences Hydrogel compositions for tooth whitening
US9242021B2 (en) 2004-08-05 2016-01-26 Corium International, Inc. Adhesive composition

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3628957A (en) * 1966-03-22 1971-12-21 Ferrania Spa Gelatino-silver halide emulsions containing water-soluble acrylamide copolymers

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2467832A (en) * 1945-10-23 1949-04-19 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Composition of matter comprising gelatin and polyvinyl urea or derivatives

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2467832A (en) * 1945-10-23 1949-04-19 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Composition of matter comprising gelatin and polyvinyl urea or derivatives

Cited By (38)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3253919A (en) * 1962-06-12 1966-05-31 Eastman Kodak Co Sensitizers for photographic silver halide emulsions
US4089688A (en) * 1975-12-08 1978-05-16 Polaroid Corporation Polymeric N-alkenyl carbamate silver halide peptizer
EP0226953A3 (en) * 1985-12-21 1988-01-07 Agfa-Gevaert Ag Color photographic recording material
EP0401826A1 (en) * 1989-06-09 1990-12-12 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Silver halide photographic materials and method for manufacture thereof
EP0633494A1 (en) * 1993-07-07 1995-01-11 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Silver halide photographic emulsion and photographic material containing the same
US5439787A (en) * 1993-07-07 1995-08-08 Fuji Photo Film Co. Ltd. Silver halide photographic emulsion and photographic material containing the same
US5955249A (en) * 1998-03-09 1999-09-21 Eastman Kodak Company Radiographic elements exhibiting increased speed and covering power
USRE44145E1 (en) 2000-07-07 2013-04-09 A.V. Topchiev Institute Of Petrochemical Synthesis Preparation of hydrophilic pressure sensitive adhesives having optimized adhesive properties
USRE45666E1 (en) 2000-07-07 2015-09-08 A.V. Topchiev Institute Of Petrochemical Synthesis Preparation of hydrophilic pressure sensitive adhesives having optimized adhesive properties
US8728445B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2014-05-20 A.V. Topchiev Institute Of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy Of Sciences Hydrogel Compositions
US9532935B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2017-01-03 A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences Hydrogel compositions for tooth whitening
US8273405B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2012-09-25 A.V. Topcheiv Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences Water-absorbent adhesive compositions and associated methods of manufacture and use
US10869947B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2020-12-22 Corium, Inc. Hydrogel compositions
US8481071B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2013-07-09 Corium International, Inc. Hydrogel compositions with an erodible backing member
US8481059B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2013-07-09 A.V. Topchiev Institute Of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy Of Sciences Hydrogel compositions
US8541021B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2013-09-24 A.V. Topchiev Institute Of Petrochemical Synthesis Hydrogel compositions demonstrating phase separation on contact with aqueous media
US8617647B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2013-12-31 A.V. Topchiev Institutes of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences Water-absorbent adhesive compositions and associated methods of manufacture and use
US10835454B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2020-11-17 Corium, Inc. Hydrogel compositions with an erodible backing member
US10179096B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2019-01-15 Corium International, Inc. Hydrogel compositions for tooth whitening
US8741331B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2014-06-03 A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemicals Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences Hydrogel compositions with an erodible backing member
US8753669B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2014-06-17 A.V. Topchiev Institute Of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy Of Sciences Two-phase, water-absorbent bioadhesive composition
US9687428B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2017-06-27 A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences Hydrogel compositions for tooth whitening
US8821901B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2014-09-02 A.V. Topchiev Institute Of Petrochemical Synthesis Russian Academy Of Sciences Method of preparing polymeric adhesive compositions utilizing the mechanism of interaction between the polymer components
US8840918B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2014-09-23 A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences Hydrogel compositions for tooth whitening
US9084723B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2015-07-21 A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences Hydrogel compositions with an erodible backing member
US9089481B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2015-07-28 A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences Hydrogel compositions demonstrating phase separation on contact with aqueous media
US9127140B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2015-09-08 A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences Water-absorbent adhesive compositions and associated methods of manufacture and use
US8206738B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2012-06-26 Corium International, Inc. Hydrogel compositions with an erodible backing member
US9259504B2 (en) 2001-05-01 2016-02-16 A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences Non-electrically conductive hydrogel composition
US20040242770A1 (en) * 2003-04-16 2004-12-02 Feldstein Mikhail M. Covalent and non-covalent crosslinking of hydrophilic polymers and adhesive compositions prepared therewith
WO2004093786A3 (en) * 2003-04-16 2006-03-23 Corium Int Covalent and non-covalent crosslinking of hydrophilic polymers and adhesive compositions prepared therewith
RU2326893C2 (ru) * 2003-04-16 2008-06-20 Кориум Интернэшнл Ковалентное и нековалентное сшивание гидрофильных полимеров и адгезивные композиции, полученные с ними
US9144552B2 (en) 2004-01-30 2015-09-29 A.V. Topchiev Institute Of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy Of Sciences Rapidly dissolving film for delivery of an active agent
US8658201B2 (en) 2004-01-30 2014-02-25 Corium International, Inc. Rapidly dissolving film for delivery of an active agent
US9242021B2 (en) 2004-08-05 2016-01-26 Corium International, Inc. Adhesive composition
US9610253B2 (en) 2009-01-14 2017-04-04 Corium International, Inc. Transdermal administration of tamsulosin
US8784879B2 (en) 2009-01-14 2014-07-22 Corium International, Inc. Transdermal administration of tamsulosin
US10238612B2 (en) 2009-01-14 2019-03-26 Corium International, Inc. Transdermal administration of tamsulosin

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB945857A (en) 1964-01-08
BE585940A (en))

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