US3150028A - Plate heat exchanger for evaporation or distillation of liquids - Google Patents

Plate heat exchanger for evaporation or distillation of liquids Download PDF

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Publication number
US3150028A
US3150028A US123191A US12319161A US3150028A US 3150028 A US3150028 A US 3150028A US 123191 A US123191 A US 123191A US 12319161 A US12319161 A US 12319161A US 3150028 A US3150028 A US 3150028A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
heat
interspaces
container
plate
pack
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US123191A
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English (en)
Inventor
Wennerberg Fritz Johan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alfa Laval Holdings Amsterdam AB
Original Assignee
Separator AB
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Publication date
Application filed by Separator AB filed Critical Separator AB
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C3/00—Preservation of milk or milk preparations
    • A23C3/02—Preservation of milk or milk preparations by heating
    • A23C3/03—Preservation of milk or milk preparations by heating the materials being loose unpacked
    • A23C3/033—Preservation of milk or milk preparations by heating the materials being loose unpacked and progressively transported through the apparatus
    • A23C3/0332—Preservation of milk or milk preparations by heating the materials being loose unpacked and progressively transported through the apparatus in contact with multiple heating plates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
    • A23L2/02—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation containing fruit or vegetable juices
    • A23L2/08—Concentrating or drying of juices
    • A23L2/10—Concentrating or drying of juices by heating or contact with dry gases
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
    • A23L3/40—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by drying or kilning; Subsequent reconstitution
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/22—Evaporating by bringing a thin layer of the liquid into contact with a heated surface
    • B01D1/221—Composite plate evaporators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/08—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S203/00—Distillation: processes, separatory
    • Y10S203/18—Control

Definitions

  • the principal object of the present invention is to provide a plate heat exchanger of the character described which overcomes the above-noted disadvantages.
  • the steam separation containers are given the shape of a box and replace the usual connection plates inserted between the plate groups in the plate heat exchanger.
  • Each container is therefore provided at one side with a plate group where the milk is partly vaporized and at the other side with a plate group where the separated steam from the container condenses again.
  • the steam separation containers are thus squeezed between the hot plate groups so that the heat losses are considerably reduced.
  • This also has the advantage that the connection plates are eliminated and replaced by the above-mentioned containers. As the large-sized pipe lines are entirely eliminated, this evaporator requires hardly more space than previously required by the plate heat exchanger alone.
  • a threestage evaporator will thus consist of four plate groups or packs with three more or less box-shaped steam separation containers arranged between them.
  • the latter milk in turn, is partly vaporized and conveyed to the next container where a new separation of the steam from the milk occurs, and so on through the whole apparatus.
  • the steam is cooled and condensed by cold milk which has not yet been evaporated or by cooling water, or by both, whereupon the condensate is exhausted by a pump.
  • the new apparatus may be used for other purposes than evaporating milk, such as for producing fresh water from salt water.
  • the apparatus is constituted by two plate groups with a steam separation container arranged between them.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic side elevational view, partly in section, of a three-stage evaporator embodying the invention, for evaporating milk
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the flow paths of the milk, the vapor and the cooling fluid in a plate heat exchanger according to FIG. 1, and
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded schematic view of the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1, with some of the heat exchange plates omitted, showing the several flow paths through the apparatus.
  • the evaporator comprises a frame 1, a supporting pillar 10, and upper and lower supporting rods 11 and 12 which are firmly secured to the frame 1 and extend horizontally therefrom to the pillar 1t).
  • Rods 11-12 carry four plate groups or packs 2, 4-, 6 and 8 as well as the steam separation containers 3, 5 and 7 fitted between these plate groups.
  • end plate 9 and nuts 13 and 14 on the respective rods 11-12 it is possible to press the plate groups together so that the usual edge packings (not shown) on the plates can provide a tight joint between the plates and define their heat exchanging surfaces.
  • the plate groups and the steam separation containers are shown in sectional view through the channels and the passages formed between plates and through which flows the milk, the mixture of milk and steam or the steam separated from the milk.
  • the containers 3, 5 and 7 can each be provided with a splash guard or wire gauze insert 15, or the like, in order to facilitate the separation of the steam from the milk.
  • the preheated milk to be evaporated is admitted via the pipe 16 to the through-flow channel 18 in the first plate group 2 and flows upward to channel 17 by way of every second space between plates in the group 2, the milk being heated during this upward flow in parallel streams.
  • the resulting mixture of milk and steam is then delivered from channel 17 through opening 17a (FIG. 3) in the adjacent end wall of the container 3 where the milk is separated from the steam and collected in the lower part of the container 3, from which it flows again into the plate group 2 via the channel 18 and the end wall opening 18a leading thereto (FIG. 3). Consequently, the milk circulates through the plate group 2 where evaporation occurs and through the subsequent container 3 where steam separation occurs.
  • the separated vapor is admitted from container 3 into the top of the adjacent plate group 4 via a suitable opening 26b (FIG. 3) in the adjacent wall of container 3 and is condensed in this unit by flowing through alternate plate interspaces lying between those through which the milk flows.
  • the steam condensate formed in plate group 4 is discharged from the plate heat exchanger by a drain pipe 27a (FIG. 3) at the bottom.
  • Milk from lower outlet Zita of container 3 is admitted to the lower channel 29 of the group 4 and is evaporated in the latter unit in the same way as in the group 2.
  • the milk circulates in the plate group 4 and in the container 5 in the same way as in group 2 and container 3. Con sequently, the milk flows through the plate groups and the containers to the last container 7 under continuous evaporation.
  • the concentrated milk is discharged from container 7 through a lower outlet 21.
  • the ultimate outgoing steam from container 7 condenses in the last plate group 8 and the condensate via heat loss to the cold milk feed is discharged through the lower outlet
  • the milk inlet 16 leads through the frame 1 and communicates through the plate groups or packs and the containers 2-6 of the apparatus with the last container 7, from which the concentrated milk is discharged through the outlet pipe line 21.
  • Pipe lines 23 and 24 supply steam to and discharge condensate from the heating plate interspaces of the plate group 2.
  • Pipe lines 25 and 26 lead milk or cooling fluid to and from the interspaces 8a of the last plate group forming cooling section 8.
  • the condensate of the steam obtained from the milk is discharged from plate groups 4', 6 and 8 through pipe lines 27, 28 and 22 extending partly through the containers 5 and 7 (as shown at 27a and 28a in FIG. 3) and the end plate 9, respectively to common discharge line 30.
  • Reducing valves 29 in line 30 make it possible to obtain a dropping steam pressure in the various sections of the plate heat exchanger when the milk, the steam and the condensate flow through the apparatus.
  • one of the steam separation containers 3, 5 or 7 can be designed as a frame.
  • This container is then preferably provided with a pedestal which may be placed on the floor so that this container can support plate groups, steam separation containers and two end plates, for the frame must in this case be replaced by an end plate such as that indicated at 9 in FIG. 1.
  • the reference numerals 2a, 4a and 6a indicate generally the channels and plate interspaces for the milk flow through the respective plate groups 2, 4 and 6, While reference numerals 2b, db and 6b indicate generally the channels and alternate plate interspaces for the steam and condensate flow through the respective plate groups.
  • the milk flow through containers 3, 5 and 7 is indicated at 3a, 5a and 70, respectively, and the steam flow through these containers is indicated at 3b, Sb and 712, respectively.
  • Steam outlet 20b leads from the upper portion of container 3 through the adjacent end of pack 4 into its part 41), there being similar steam outlets from containers 5 and 7 to the plate interspaces 6b and 8!), respectively.
  • a two-stage evaporator will consist of three plate groups and two intermediate containers incorporated in the plate groups, and a one-stage evaporator will consist of two plate groups with an intermediate container.
  • Such a plate heat exchanger can also be used for other purposes than to concentrate a liquid.
  • it can be used to clear a liquid from solid substances or from substances dissolved in the liquid.
  • it can be used for producing pure and salt-free drinking water or feed water for steam boilers from polluted or salt water.
  • the pure salt-free condensate (the liquid obtained at the common outlet pipe 30 from pipes 27, 28 and 22) is collected, while the polluted or salt water discharged at the outlet 21 is drained off.
  • the plate groups 2, 4, 6 and 8, each comprising essentially a pack of spaced heat exchange plates, are Well known and are therefore shown only schematically.
  • Each plate is generally provided with two upper and two lower through-flow holes, an upper one of which supplies a heating fluid and a lower one discharging it (usually as a condensate), while another lower hole supplies the product to be evaporated and another upper hole discharges this product.
  • the plates are spaced from each other by packing members or gaskets which also serve in conjunction with the holes to define the flow paths for the respective fluids through the plate groups by way of the plate interspaces, as will be readily understood by those skilled in the plate heat exchanger art.
  • a plate heat exchanger for evaporation or distillation of a liquid forming a heat-absorbing medium
  • the combination of first and second aligned packs of heat exchange plates arranged vertically, the plates of each pack forming intercommunicating plate interspaces for throughflow of a hea -absorbing medium alternating with and separated from intercommunicating plate interspaces for throughfiow of a heat-emitting medium, said interspaces for the heat-emitting medium in the first pack havmg an inlet and an outlet for said heat-emitting medium, a vapor separation container clamped between the aligned plate packs and having opposite end plate walls serving also as the adjacent end plates of the respective adjacent packs, one of said end walls having an opening leading directly to the upper portion of the container from the upper portion of said interspaces for the heat-absorbing medium in said first pack, said interspaces for said liquid heat-absorbing medium in said first pack having an inlet for said heat-absorbing medium, whereby the container is adapted to receive directly from said interspaces for the
  • a plate heat exchanger for evaporation or distillation of a liquid forming a heat-absorbing medium

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
US123191A 1960-07-18 1961-07-11 Plate heat exchanger for evaporation or distillation of liquids Expired - Lifetime US3150028A (en)

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SE3150028X 1960-07-18

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Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3241598A (en) * 1961-03-15 1966-03-22 Separator Ab Method and apparatus for evaporating liquids
US3451473A (en) * 1967-04-11 1969-06-24 United Aircraft Corp Heat exchanger construction
US3768539A (en) * 1971-07-12 1973-10-30 Westinghouse Electric Corp Modular arrangement of falling film multiple effect evaporator
US3946804A (en) * 1973-11-27 1976-03-30 Grigory Anatolievich Tkach Plate heat exchanger
US4156459A (en) * 1976-05-17 1979-05-29 Hisaka Works Ltd. Plate type evaporator
US4398596A (en) * 1978-08-09 1983-08-16 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Plate-type heat exchangers
WO1984001022A1 (en) * 1982-09-02 1984-03-15 Superstill Technology Inc An improved method and apparatus for recycling energy in counterflow heat exchange and distillation
US4671856A (en) * 1984-04-26 1987-06-09 Superstill Technology, Inc. Method for recyclying energy in counterflow heat exchange and distillation
US4696341A (en) * 1985-06-11 1987-09-29 Alfa-Laval Food And Dairy Engineering Ab Device for changing the number of part streams of a flowing medium
US4700770A (en) * 1984-10-10 1987-10-20 Alfa-Laval Food & Dairy Engineering Ab Inlet device in plate evaporator
US4763488A (en) * 1980-05-26 1988-08-16 University Of Sydney Plate heat exchanger for separating vapor and liquid phases
US4769113A (en) * 1982-09-02 1988-09-06 Superstill Technology, Inc. Method for recycling energy in counterflow heat exchange and distillation
US4786363A (en) * 1987-02-20 1988-11-22 Kamyr, Inc. Radial skin evaporator
US4869067A (en) * 1982-09-02 1989-09-26 Superstill Corporation Method of generating power
WO1990007964A1 (en) * 1989-01-18 1990-07-26 Superstill Technology, Inc. Distillation apparatus with combined manifold/support assembly
US4944839A (en) * 1989-05-30 1990-07-31 Rosenblad Corporation Interstage liquor heater for plate type falling film evaporators
WO1993000143A1 (en) * 1991-06-27 1993-01-07 Hisaka Works Limited Falling film concentrator
US5316628A (en) * 1989-06-30 1994-05-31 Institut Francais Du Petrole Process and device for the simultaneous transfer of material and heat
US6502420B2 (en) * 2001-05-31 2003-01-07 Carrier Corporation Plate heat exchanger for multiple circuit refrigeration system
US6510892B2 (en) * 2000-03-17 2003-01-28 Ballard Power Systems Ag Layered-type of heat exchanger and use thereof
WO2006104443A1 (en) * 2005-04-01 2006-10-05 Alfa Laval Corporate Ab A plate heat exchanger
US20110162365A1 (en) * 2010-01-01 2011-07-07 Sanza Kazadi Thermodynamically Favorable Thermal Gradient-Generating Device
US9046310B2 (en) 2008-09-23 2015-06-02 Alfa Laval Corporate Ab Plate heat exchanger
US20180372414A1 (en) * 2015-12-22 2018-12-27 Alfa Laval Corporate Ab A distillation plant
SE2350114A1 (en) * 2023-02-07 2024-08-08 Alfa Laval Corp Ab A plate heat exchanger, a heat exchanging plate and a method of treating a feed such as sea water

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1216187A (en) * 1916-03-24 1917-02-13 Solvay Process Co Process of recovering salts from admixtures thereof in solution.
US1318793A (en) * 1919-10-14 Evaporating apparatus and method of operating the same
US2012668A (en) * 1933-01-19 1935-08-27 Jahn Alfred Reinhold Concentration of liquors in multiple effect and apparatus therefor
US2073738A (en) * 1935-11-08 1937-03-16 Faber Otto Evaporating apparatus
US2314966A (en) * 1937-03-29 1943-03-30 Astle William Plate heat exchanger
US2392021A (en) * 1940-10-05 1946-01-01 Cherry Burrell Corp Heat exchange apparatus
US2510233A (en) * 1944-03-06 1950-06-06 Blaw Knox Co Apparatus for evaporating viscous liquids
US2562739A (en) * 1941-05-31 1951-07-31 Separator Ab Evaporating apparatus
US2746536A (en) * 1951-04-18 1956-05-22 Sumiya Shinzo Liquid evaporating apparatus
US2796120A (en) * 1951-04-10 1957-06-18 Rosenblad Corp Utilization of heat from condensate in indirectly steam heated multistage evaporators
US2896705A (en) * 1954-11-04 1959-07-28 Ramen Torsten Evaporation of liquids
US2960160A (en) * 1956-03-21 1960-11-15 Apv Co Ltd Evaporators

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1318793A (en) * 1919-10-14 Evaporating apparatus and method of operating the same
US1216187A (en) * 1916-03-24 1917-02-13 Solvay Process Co Process of recovering salts from admixtures thereof in solution.
US2012668A (en) * 1933-01-19 1935-08-27 Jahn Alfred Reinhold Concentration of liquors in multiple effect and apparatus therefor
US2073738A (en) * 1935-11-08 1937-03-16 Faber Otto Evaporating apparatus
US2314966A (en) * 1937-03-29 1943-03-30 Astle William Plate heat exchanger
US2392021A (en) * 1940-10-05 1946-01-01 Cherry Burrell Corp Heat exchange apparatus
US2562739A (en) * 1941-05-31 1951-07-31 Separator Ab Evaporating apparatus
US2510233A (en) * 1944-03-06 1950-06-06 Blaw Knox Co Apparatus for evaporating viscous liquids
US2796120A (en) * 1951-04-10 1957-06-18 Rosenblad Corp Utilization of heat from condensate in indirectly steam heated multistage evaporators
US2746536A (en) * 1951-04-18 1956-05-22 Sumiya Shinzo Liquid evaporating apparatus
US2896705A (en) * 1954-11-04 1959-07-28 Ramen Torsten Evaporation of liquids
US2960160A (en) * 1956-03-21 1960-11-15 Apv Co Ltd Evaporators

Cited By (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3241598A (en) * 1961-03-15 1966-03-22 Separator Ab Method and apparatus for evaporating liquids
US3451473A (en) * 1967-04-11 1969-06-24 United Aircraft Corp Heat exchanger construction
US3768539A (en) * 1971-07-12 1973-10-30 Westinghouse Electric Corp Modular arrangement of falling film multiple effect evaporator
US3946804A (en) * 1973-11-27 1976-03-30 Grigory Anatolievich Tkach Plate heat exchanger
US4156459A (en) * 1976-05-17 1979-05-29 Hisaka Works Ltd. Plate type evaporator
US4398596A (en) * 1978-08-09 1983-08-16 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Plate-type heat exchangers
US4763488A (en) * 1980-05-26 1988-08-16 University Of Sydney Plate heat exchanger for separating vapor and liquid phases
US4769113A (en) * 1982-09-02 1988-09-06 Superstill Technology, Inc. Method for recycling energy in counterflow heat exchange and distillation
JPS59501958A (ja) * 1982-09-02 1984-11-22 ス−パ−スティル・テクノロジ−・インコ−ポレ−テッド 濃縮物と蒸留物の製造方法
JPH0436721B2 (no) * 1982-09-02 1992-06-17 Suupaasuteiru Tekunorojii Inc
WO1984001022A1 (en) * 1982-09-02 1984-03-15 Superstill Technology Inc An improved method and apparatus for recycling energy in counterflow heat exchange and distillation
US4869067A (en) * 1982-09-02 1989-09-26 Superstill Corporation Method of generating power
US4671856A (en) * 1984-04-26 1987-06-09 Superstill Technology, Inc. Method for recyclying energy in counterflow heat exchange and distillation
US4700770A (en) * 1984-10-10 1987-10-20 Alfa-Laval Food & Dairy Engineering Ab Inlet device in plate evaporator
US4696341A (en) * 1985-06-11 1987-09-29 Alfa-Laval Food And Dairy Engineering Ab Device for changing the number of part streams of a flowing medium
AU578838B2 (en) * 1985-06-11 1988-11-03 Alfa-Laval Food And Dairy Engineering A.B. A device for changing the number of part streams of a flowing medium
US4786363A (en) * 1987-02-20 1988-11-22 Kamyr, Inc. Radial skin evaporator
US4978429A (en) * 1989-01-18 1990-12-18 Sears Stephan B Apparatus including its own combination manifold/support assembly for producing a concentrate and a distillate
WO1990007964A1 (en) * 1989-01-18 1990-07-26 Superstill Technology, Inc. Distillation apparatus with combined manifold/support assembly
US4944839A (en) * 1989-05-30 1990-07-31 Rosenblad Corporation Interstage liquor heater for plate type falling film evaporators
US5316628A (en) * 1989-06-30 1994-05-31 Institut Francais Du Petrole Process and device for the simultaneous transfer of material and heat
WO1993000143A1 (en) * 1991-06-27 1993-01-07 Hisaka Works Limited Falling film concentrator
US6510892B2 (en) * 2000-03-17 2003-01-28 Ballard Power Systems Ag Layered-type of heat exchanger and use thereof
US6502420B2 (en) * 2001-05-31 2003-01-07 Carrier Corporation Plate heat exchanger for multiple circuit refrigeration system
WO2006104443A1 (en) * 2005-04-01 2006-10-05 Alfa Laval Corporate Ab A plate heat exchanger
JP4837029B2 (ja) * 2005-04-01 2011-12-14 アルファ ラヴァル コーポレイト アクチボラゲット プレート熱交換器
US9046310B2 (en) 2008-09-23 2015-06-02 Alfa Laval Corporate Ab Plate heat exchanger
US20110162365A1 (en) * 2010-01-01 2011-07-07 Sanza Kazadi Thermodynamically Favorable Thermal Gradient-Generating Device
US20180372414A1 (en) * 2015-12-22 2018-12-27 Alfa Laval Corporate Ab A distillation plant
US10634433B2 (en) * 2015-12-22 2020-04-28 Alfa Laval Corporate Ab Distillation plant
SE2350114A1 (en) * 2023-02-07 2024-08-08 Alfa Laval Corp Ab A plate heat exchanger, a heat exchanging plate and a method of treating a feed such as sea water

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL127662C (no)
NL265345A (no)

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