US3139305A - Reclining chair and fixture - Google Patents

Reclining chair and fixture Download PDF

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Publication number
US3139305A
US3139305A US193380A US19338062A US3139305A US 3139305 A US3139305 A US 3139305A US 193380 A US193380 A US 193380A US 19338062 A US19338062 A US 19338062A US 3139305 A US3139305 A US 3139305A
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United States
Prior art keywords
seat
link
chair
pivot
bell crank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US193380A
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English (en)
Inventor
Ned W Mizelle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Steel Products Co Inc Co
Original Assignee
General Steel Products Co Inc Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Steel Products Co Inc Co filed Critical General Steel Products Co Inc Co
Priority to US193380A priority Critical patent/US3139305A/en
Priority to DE19631429310 priority patent/DE1429310B2/de
Priority to FR933881A priority patent/FR1354730A/fr
Priority to GB12135/63D priority patent/GB1038093A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3139305A publication Critical patent/US3139305A/en
Priority to BE698858D priority patent/BE698858A/xx
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C1/00—Chairs adapted for special purposes
    • A47C1/02—Reclining or easy chairs
    • A47C1/031—Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts
    • A47C1/032—Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts the parts being movably-coupled seat and back-rest

Definitions

  • This invention relates to reclining chairs and fixtures therefor and more particularly to a reclining chair assembly for supporting a chair seat and back rest upon a stationary base for coordinated movement throughout a range of reclining movement wherein the static forces exerted against the seat and back rest by an occupant of the chair are counterbalanced to achieve a static equilibrium at any coordinated position of the seat and back Within the total range of movement.
  • It is a primary object of the invention to provide a reclining chair assembly including a fixture for supporting a chair seat and back rest upon a stationary base for reclining movement throughout a range extending between a normal position and a reclined position wherein the chair elements may remain in static equilibrium at any position within the range of movement.
  • a reclining chair assembly including a fixture which includes a quadric linkage for supporting the chair seat upon a stationary base.
  • the quadric linkage includes a fixed link rigidly attached to the base and a seat'link rigidly attached to the seat, front and rear support links being pivotally supported at the respective front and rear ends of the base link and pivotally connected to the front and rear ends of the seat link to define the quadric linkage.
  • the quadric linkage is constrained to move within a range between a normal position wherein the support links are inclined rearwardly from their fixed pivots and a reclined position wherein the support links are dis placed upwardly and forwardly about their respective fixed pivots from their reclined position.
  • This arrangement causes the chair seat to move upwardly and forwardly relative to the stationary base during movement from its normal position to its reclined position, and also applies the weight exerted by an occupant of the chair against the seat to the fixture in a direction tending to move the fixture to its normal position.
  • the front support link of the fixture is constituted by i one arm of a bell crank whose opposite arm is pivotally connected to one end of a control link which extends from the bell crank to an intermediate location upon a back link adapted to be fixedly attached to the back rest of the chair.
  • the back link is pivotally supported at a location spaced below the connection between the control link and back link upon the same pivot which couples the rear support link to the seat link.
  • the angular relationship between the arms of the bell crank is such that the normal static force exerted by an occupant against the back rest of the chair is applied to the bell crank in a direction tending to rotate the bell crank about its fixed pivot in a direction opposite to that in which it is urged to rotate by the weight of the occupant upon the chair seat.
  • the proportions of the fixture are such that within the range of movement of the fixture a static balance is achieved within the fixture in the absence of any active eifort on the part of the chair occupant to shift the position of the chair elements relative to the stationary base. Because .of the upward and forward bodily motion of Patented June so, 1964 the chair seat during movement away from its normal position, interference between the wings of a T-shaped seat cushion and arm portions on the stationary base is avoided, the bodily elevation of the seat during reclining movement being also applied to the lower end of the chair back to avoid interference between the wings of the T-shaped back and the rearward portions of the chair arms.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a reclining chair assembly embodying the present invention, the section of FIG. 1 being taken on the line 11 of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 2 is a partial top plan view, with certain parts broken away or shown in section, of the reclining chair of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 1 showing the chair and fixture of FIG. 1 in a reclined position;
  • FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 1 showing the chair and fixture in a position intermediate the positions of FIGS. 1 and 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a detail cross-sectional view taken on the line 55 of FIG. 1.
  • the chair disclosed in the drawings is constructed from rightand left-hand side frame assemblies, each of which includes a front leg 10, a rear leg 12, a lower side frame member 14 and atop side frame member 16.
  • the two side frame assemblies are identical in construction and hence only one set of reference numerals will be employed to refer to the corresponding parts.
  • the two side frame assemblies are fixedly secured to each other in assembled relationship by front and rear cross frame members 18 and 20.
  • the chair seat frame includes seat side frame members 22, a seat front member 24 and a rear seat member 26 which, when assembled, define a generally open rectangular frame.
  • the chair seat frame also includes outwardly projecting wings 28 at each side of the front of the seat frame to support a chair seat cushion S of the T cushion type.
  • the chair back frame includes vertical side frame members 30 joined into a back rest frame assembly by a suitable number of horizontal cross members such as 32 (FIG. 2). Like the chair seat frame, the chair back is of a T-shaped configuration and an outwardly projected auxiliary frame such as 34 (FIG. 2) is fixedly secured to each vertical side frame member 30 to project outwardly into overlying relationship with the rearward portion of the chair base when the chair is in the position shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • Fixture 36 includes a stationary base link 38 which, in the completed chair, is fixedly attached to frame member 14 of the stationary base as by screws 40.
  • each chair includes two fixtures 36, one located at each side of the frame and differing from each other only in being rightor left-handed.
  • the fixture shown in the drawings is that which is mounted upon the left-hand side of the chair.
  • Base link 36 is constructed with a front fixed pivot 42 located adjacent the front end of base link and a rear fixed pivot 44 located adjacent the rearward end of the base link.
  • a relatively short rear support link 46 is mounted at one end upon rear fixed pivot 4 and is connected at its other end by-a rear seat pivot 48 to the rearward end of a seat link 59 which is fixedly secured to seat side frame member 22 as by screws 52.
  • a bell crank designated generally 54 is pivotally mounted upon front fixed pivot 42 and a first arm 56 of bell crank 54 is connected at its distal end 58 to a front seat pivot 66 located on seat link 56 adjacent its forward end.
  • Arm 56 functions as a front support link and defines, with base link 38, rear support link 46, and seat link 50, a closed quadric linkage having a stationary link defined by base link 38.
  • Bell crank arm 56 and rear support link 46 thus support seat link 50 for constrained movement relative to stationary base link 38 in which front and rear seat pivots 60 and 48 are swung in arcs respectively centered upon front fixed pivot 42 and rear fixed pivot 44.
  • the total range of movement of the quadric linkage referred to above is limited by limiting the amount of relative motion which can occur between bell crank arm 56 and seat link 56 by the engagement between a pin 62 on seat link 50 with the opposite ends of an arcuate slot 64 formed in hell crank arm 56.
  • a back link 66 is pivotally mounted at its lower end upon rear seat pivot 48 and is fixedly secured to the vertical back rest frame member 30 as by screws 68.
  • a control link 70 is pivotally connected at one end to back link 66 by a pivot 72 spaced upwardly above the pivotal connection between back link 66 and seat link 56 defined by rear seat pivot 48.
  • the opposite end of control link 70 is connected by a pivot 74 to the distal end 76 of the second arm 73 of bell crank 54.
  • fixture 36 When the chair is unoccupied, fixture 36 is resiliently biased to the normal rest position shown in FIG. 1 by a tension spring 80 wihch is connected between a bracket 82 mounted on the rear of front cross frame member 18 of the chair base and a second bracket 84 mounted on the inner side of seat side frame member 22.
  • a tension spring 80 wihch is connected between a bracket 82 mounted on the rear of front cross frame member 18 of the chair base and a second bracket 84 mounted on the inner side of seat side frame member 22.
  • the chair seat and back With fixture 36 in its normal rest position as shown in FIG. 1, the chair seat and back are likewise disposed in what may be referred to as a normal rest position in which the chair seat is disposed in a substantially horizontal position and the chair back is positioned in a normal upright relationship to the chair seat.
  • the instantaneous center of rotation of seat link 50 is located at the intersection of a first line passing through front fixed pivot 42 and front seat pivot 60 and a second line passing through rear fixed pivot 44 and rear seat pivot 48. From an inspection of FIG. 1, when the fixture is in the FIG. 1 position, the instantaneous center of rotation of seat link 50 is found to be slightly above and to the rear of rear seat pivot 48. Thus, movement of the fixture from the FIG. 1 position in a direction driving front seat pivot 66 downwardly wouldcause pin 62 on seat link 50 to move somewhat to the right while the walls of slot 64 in rotating downwardly about front fixed pivot 42 must move toward the left.
  • Fixture 36 is so constructed that the static forces applied to the fixture by an occupant of the chair against the chair seat and chair back are balanced against each other in the fixture so that the fixture is in static equilibrium at any position between the respective end limits of movement shown in FIGS. 1 and 3.
  • the term static forces applied to the chair by an occupant refer to those forces exerted on the chair seat and back by an occupant who is sitting in a normally relaxed position and not attempting to move the chair as by pushing rearwardly on the chair arms or leaning forward. Within the fixture, these static forces are balanced primarily within bell crank 54.
  • spring 80 biases fixture 36 to return the chair seat and back to the FIG. 1 position. If an occupant is seated in the chair, the chair and fixture 36 remain in the FIG. 1 position as long as the chair occupant does not make any active effort to move the chair toward the reclined position of FIG. 3. To move the chair from the normal rest position of FIG. 1 toward the reclined position, the occupant exerts an active rearward force against the chair back rest, as by pushing against the arms of the chair. Since the seat and back are in balance with each other for all positions of the chair and fixture, this force does not have to be exceedingly large and the chair will begin to move immediately toward the FIG. 3 position. When the chair reaches the desired degree of reclinement, the occupant ceases to exert any active effort to make the chair recline further and the chair remains at the desired position.
  • front and rear seat pivots 60 and 48 are swung upwardly and forwardly about their associated fixed pivots 42 and 44 respectively.
  • the chair seat is moved bodily upwardly and forwardly of the chair.
  • This motion because of the respective paths of movement of pivots 60 and 48 is primarily a vertical motion with a relatively small horizontal component.
  • This type of motion is essential in chairs of the type disclosed in the drawings wherein the chair seat cushion and frame are of the so-called T-type since it prevents interference between the front of the chair arm assembly and the wings of the T cushion and frame.
  • interference is likewise avoided between the projecting wings of the T-shaped back rest and the rearward end of the chair arm assembly.
  • a self-balancing reclining chair comprising a stationary base having spaced front and rear fixed pivots thereon, a movable seat having spaced front and rear seat pivots thereon, a bell crank pivotally mounted on said front fixed pivot and having a first and a second arm with said first arm pivotally connected to said front seat pivot, a rear support link pivotally connected at one end to said rear seat pivot and pivotally connected at its opposite end to said rear fixed pivot, whereby said bell crank and support link are seat pivotal supports providing constrained movement about said fixed pivots, means confining movement of said seat pivotal support relative to said stationary base in the range between a first end limit wherein said seat is supported in a substantially horizontal position upon said base and a second end limit wherein said seat is supported in a rearwardly tilted reclined position displaced upwardly and forwardly of said horizontal position, said pivotal seat supports being urged toward said first end limit by a static force exerted upon said seat by an occupant of the chair, a back rest pivotally mounted at its lower end upon the
  • a reclining chair fixture comprising a base link, a bell crank pivotally connected to the forward end of said base link, a rear support link pivotally mounted at one end upon the rearward end of said base link, a seat link pivotally connected at its rearward end to the other end of said rear support link and pivotally connected at its forward end to the distal end of one arm of said bell crank, a back link pivotally mounted at its lower end upon the rearward end of said seat link, and a control link pivotally connected at one end to an intermediate location on said back link and pivotally connected at its opposite end to the distal end of the other arm of said bell crank to swing said seat link upwardly and forwardly relative to said base link upon rearward pivotal movement of said back link relative to said seat link.
  • a reclining chair fixture as defined in claim 4 wherein said stop means comprises a pin mounted upon said seat link at a location spaced from the pivotal connection between said seat link and said one arm of said bell crank, said one arm of said bell crank having a slot therein receiving said pin to confine relative movement between said one arm of said bell crank and said seat link to a range defined by the engagement between said pin and the respective ends of said slot.
  • a self-balancing reclining chair fixture comprising a quadric linkage having a generally horizontal base link, a rear support link pivotally mounted at one end upon the rearward end of said base link, a seat link pivotally mounted at its rearward end on the other end of said rear support link, and means defining a front support link pivotally connected at spaced points to the respective forward ends of said seat link and said base link, means defining a.
  • a self-balancing reclining chair fixture comprising a base link having a front fixed pivot adjacent its forward end and a rear fixed pivot adjacent its rearward end, a seat link having a front seat pivot adjacent its forward end and a rear seat pivot adjacent its rearward end, a front support link connected at spaced points to said front fixed pivot and to said front seat pivot, a rear support link connected at spaced points to said rear fixed pivot and to said rear seat pivot, said front and rear support links cooperatively supporting said seat link upon said base link for movement between a substantially horizontal rest position and a rearwardly tilted reclined position wherein said seat link is displaced forwardly and upwardly from said rest position, a back link pivotally mounted at its lower end upon the rearward end of said seat link, an angularly projecting crank arm on said front support link, a control link pivotally connected at one end to said back link at a location spaced above said seat link and pivotally 7 connected at its opposite end to the distal end of said arm for swinging said front support link about said front fixed pivot in
  • a reclining chair fixture as defined in claim 8 Wherein said rear support link is oriented relative to said front support link in a fashionsuch that said rear seat pivot is moved upwardly and forwardly of said fixture during '8 movement of said seat link from said rest position to said reclined position, the length of said rear support link being less than the length of said front support link.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chairs For Special Purposes, Such As Reclining Chairs (AREA)
  • Chairs Characterized By Structure (AREA)
US193380A 1962-05-09 1962-05-09 Reclining chair and fixture Expired - Lifetime US3139305A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US193380A US3139305A (en) 1962-05-09 1962-05-09 Reclining chair and fixture
DE19631429310 DE1429310B2 (de) 1962-05-09 1963-05-07 Mit lageverähderbarem Sitz und stufenlos schwenkbarer Bückenlehne versehener Stuhl
FR933881A FR1354730A (de) 1962-05-09 1963-05-07
GB12135/63D GB1038093A (en) 1962-05-09 1963-05-08 Improvements in and relating to chairs
BE698858D BE698858A (de) 1962-05-09 1967-05-23

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US193380A US3139305A (en) 1962-05-09 1962-05-09 Reclining chair and fixture

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3139305A true US3139305A (en) 1964-06-30

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US193380A Expired - Lifetime US3139305A (en) 1962-05-09 1962-05-09 Reclining chair and fixture

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US (1) US3139305A (de)
BE (1) BE698858A (de)
DE (1) DE1429310B2 (de)
FR (1) FR1354730A (de)
GB (1) GB1038093A (de)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3522969A (en) * 1968-03-28 1970-08-04 Dual Mfg & Eng T-cushion reclining chair
US3622198A (en) * 1968-04-25 1971-11-23 Dual Mfg & Eng Rocker/recliner chair
US3758151A (en) * 1972-02-01 1973-09-11 Dual Manuf And Eng Inc Reclining chair
US4226473A (en) * 1978-03-13 1980-10-07 Pontiac Furniture Industries, Inc. Reclining chair
US4307912A (en) * 1980-05-12 1981-12-29 Weber-Knapp Company Multiple position reclining chair assembly
US4410213A (en) * 1978-08-07 1983-10-18 Ilan Samson Convertible chair
US4478454A (en) * 1981-06-08 1984-10-23 Steelcase Inc. Weight-actuated chair control
US4796952A (en) * 1986-06-12 1989-01-10 Giancarlo Piretti Chair with hinged backrest
US4834454A (en) * 1987-05-15 1989-05-30 Faultless-Doerner Manufacturing Inc. Office chair with tiltable seat and back
US4988145A (en) * 1986-06-04 1991-01-29 Roeder Gmbh Sitzmoebelwerke Seating furniture
US5348367A (en) * 1991-07-01 1994-09-20 Lumex, Inc. Reclining chair mechanism
US6739665B1 (en) * 2000-11-30 2004-05-25 Krueger International, Inc. Seat mounting system for a motion chair
US7441839B2 (en) 2000-09-28 2008-10-28 Formway Furniture Limited Reclinable chair
US9004597B2 (en) 2012-09-20 2015-04-14 Steelcase Inc. Chair back mechanism and control assembly
US9706845B2 (en) 2012-09-20 2017-07-18 Steelcase Inc. Chair assembly
US11304528B2 (en) 2012-09-20 2022-04-19 Steelcase Inc. Chair assembly with upholstery covering

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH645795A5 (en) * 1979-07-23 1984-10-31 Drabert Soehne Chair, in particular visual display unit chair
GB8504277D0 (en) * 1985-02-19 1985-03-20 Remploy Ltd Reclining chairs
DE202005011725U1 (de) * 2005-07-27 2006-12-07 Sander, Armin Stuhl, insbesondere Bürostuhl

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190405642A (en) * 1904-03-08 1905-01-19 Samuel Realff An Adjustable Easy Chair.
US2727561A (en) * 1952-12-20 1955-12-20 Super Sagless Spring Company Chair having reclining seat and back rest and upwardly and forwardly swingable leg rest
US2764224A (en) * 1953-01-28 1956-09-25 Maurer Pierre Reclining chair with foot rest articulation
US2796918A (en) * 1954-09-15 1957-06-25 Norman P Martin Article of repose for supporting the body of a person
US2871918A (en) * 1956-11-05 1959-02-03 Anton Lorenz Reclining chair and the like
US3046571A (en) * 1959-09-22 1962-07-31 Ducrot Albert Convertible sofa-bed

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190405642A (en) * 1904-03-08 1905-01-19 Samuel Realff An Adjustable Easy Chair.
US2727561A (en) * 1952-12-20 1955-12-20 Super Sagless Spring Company Chair having reclining seat and back rest and upwardly and forwardly swingable leg rest
US2764224A (en) * 1953-01-28 1956-09-25 Maurer Pierre Reclining chair with foot rest articulation
US2796918A (en) * 1954-09-15 1957-06-25 Norman P Martin Article of repose for supporting the body of a person
US2871918A (en) * 1956-11-05 1959-02-03 Anton Lorenz Reclining chair and the like
US3046571A (en) * 1959-09-22 1962-07-31 Ducrot Albert Convertible sofa-bed

Cited By (34)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3522969A (en) * 1968-03-28 1970-08-04 Dual Mfg & Eng T-cushion reclining chair
US3622198A (en) * 1968-04-25 1971-11-23 Dual Mfg & Eng Rocker/recliner chair
US3758151A (en) * 1972-02-01 1973-09-11 Dual Manuf And Eng Inc Reclining chair
US4226473A (en) * 1978-03-13 1980-10-07 Pontiac Furniture Industries, Inc. Reclining chair
US4410213A (en) * 1978-08-07 1983-10-18 Ilan Samson Convertible chair
US4307912A (en) * 1980-05-12 1981-12-29 Weber-Knapp Company Multiple position reclining chair assembly
US4478454A (en) * 1981-06-08 1984-10-23 Steelcase Inc. Weight-actuated chair control
US4988145A (en) * 1986-06-04 1991-01-29 Roeder Gmbh Sitzmoebelwerke Seating furniture
US4796952A (en) * 1986-06-12 1989-01-10 Giancarlo Piretti Chair with hinged backrest
US4834454A (en) * 1987-05-15 1989-05-30 Faultless-Doerner Manufacturing Inc. Office chair with tiltable seat and back
US5348367A (en) * 1991-07-01 1994-09-20 Lumex, Inc. Reclining chair mechanism
US7441839B2 (en) 2000-09-28 2008-10-28 Formway Furniture Limited Reclinable chair
US7798573B2 (en) 2000-09-28 2010-09-21 Formway Furniture Limited Reclinable chair
US6739665B1 (en) * 2000-11-30 2004-05-25 Krueger International, Inc. Seat mounting system for a motion chair
US9022476B2 (en) 2012-09-20 2015-05-05 Steelcase Inc. Control assembly for chair
US9345328B2 (en) 2012-09-20 2016-05-24 Steelcase Inc. Chair assembly with upholstery covering
US9004597B2 (en) 2012-09-20 2015-04-14 Steelcase Inc. Chair back mechanism and control assembly
US9027998B2 (en) 2012-09-20 2015-05-12 Steelcase Inc. Chair assembly
US9027997B2 (en) 2012-09-20 2015-05-12 Steelcasel Inc. Chair assembly
US9027999B2 (en) 2012-09-20 2015-05-12 Steelcase Inc. Control assembly for chair
US9049935B2 (en) 2012-09-20 2015-06-09 Steelcase Inc. Control assembly for chair
USD742676S1 (en) 2012-09-20 2015-11-10 Steelcase Inc. Chair
USD742677S1 (en) 2012-09-20 2015-11-10 Steelcase Inc. Chair
US9010859B2 (en) 2012-09-20 2015-04-21 Steelcase Inc. Chair assembly
US9451826B2 (en) 2012-09-20 2016-09-27 Steelcase Inc. Chair assembly
US9462888B2 (en) 2012-09-20 2016-10-11 Steelcase Inc. Control assembly for chair
US9492013B2 (en) 2012-09-20 2016-11-15 Steelcase Inc. Chair back mechanism and control assembly
US9526339B2 (en) 2012-09-20 2016-12-27 Steelcase Inc. Control assembly for chair
US9706845B2 (en) 2012-09-20 2017-07-18 Steelcase Inc. Chair assembly
US9844267B2 (en) 2012-09-20 2017-12-19 Steelcase Inc. Chair back mechanism and control assembly
US9861201B2 (en) 2012-09-20 2018-01-09 Steelcase, Inc. Chair assembly
US9918552B2 (en) 2012-09-20 2018-03-20 Steelcase Inc. Control assembly for chair
US10206507B2 (en) 2012-09-20 2019-02-19 Steelcase Inc. Control assembly for chair
US11304528B2 (en) 2012-09-20 2022-04-19 Steelcase Inc. Chair assembly with upholstery covering

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1354730A (de) 1964-06-12
GB1038093A (en) 1966-08-03
BE698858A (de) 1967-11-03
DE1429310A1 (de) 1969-02-20
DE1429310B2 (de) 1970-02-19

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