US313913A - blythe - Google Patents

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(No Model.) ,5 Sheets-Sheen; 1.

J. B. BLYTHE. APPARATUS FOR TREATING, SEASONING, AND PRESERVING TIMBER. No. 313,918. Patented Mar. 17', 1885.

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(No Model.) A 5 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. B. BLYTHE. APPARATUS FOR TREATING, SEASONIN G, AND PRESERVING TIMBER. Patented Mar. 17, 1885.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 3.

J. B. BLYTHE.

APPARATUS FOR TREATING, SEASONING, AND PRESERVING TIMBER. No. 313,913. Patented Mar. 17, 1885.

N. PETERS. Pmnmum a nbr:washing an (No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 4. J. B. BLYTHE.

APPARATUS FOR TREATING, SEASONING, AND PRESERVING TIMBER.

No, 313,913. Patented Mar. 17, 1885.

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(No Model.) I 5 sheets sheet 5.

J. B. BLYTHE.

APPARATUS FOR TREATING SEASONING, AND PRESERVINGVTIMBER.

No; 313,913. Patented Mar. 17,1885.

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UNITED STATES PATENT @rnron.

JOHN BENNINGTON BLYTHE, OF BORDEAUX, FRANCE.

APPARATUS FOR TREATING, SEASONlNG, AND PRESERVING TIMBER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 313,913, dated March 17, 1885.

Application filed October 23, 1883. (N 0 model.) Patented in France May 8, 1876, No. 112,576, November 30, 1878, No. 127.528. an

June 12, 1883, No. 155,963; in England June 27, 1876, No. 2,651, December 20, 1878, No. 5,222, June 6, 1870, No. 2,244, and May 12, 1883, No. 2,410; in Austria October 6, 1876, No. 26,003. July 30, 1879, No. 14,007, and June 19, 1884, No. 2,970; in BelgiunrNovember 27, 1876, No. 10,913, and January 2, 1879, No. 48,640; in Spain March 17, 1877, No. 21; in India. August 2, 1877, No. 58; in Germany October 5. 1877, No. 2,172; in Luxemburg November 7, 1877, No. 652; in Sweden July 24, 1880, No. 6,021; in Canada May 20, 1882, No. 14,856, and in Portugal November 27, 1883, No. 876.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, JOHN BENNINGTON BLYTHE, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, and residing at Bordeaux, in the Republic of France, have invented certain Improvements in Apparatus for Treating Wood for Seasoning, Hardening, and Preserving the same, for which or for parts of which I have obtained the following Letters Patent: in Great Britain, No. 2,651, dated June 27 1876, No. 5,222, dated December 20, 1878, No. 2,244, dated June 6, 1879, and No. 2,410, dated May 12, 1883: in France, No. 112,576, dated May 8, 187 6, No. 127,528, dated November 30, 1878, and No. 155,963, dated June 12, 1883; in Austria, No. 26,003, dated October 6,1S76,No. 14,007, dated July 30, 1879, and No. 2,970, dated June 19, 1884; in Belgium, No. 40,943,dated November 27, 1876, and No. 48,640, dated January 2, 1879; in Germany, No. 2,172, dated October 5, 1877 5 in Luxemburg, No. 652, dated November 7, 1877; in Sweden, No. 6,021, dated July 24, 1880; in Canada, No. 14,856, dated May 29, 1882, in British India, No. 58, dated August 2, 1877; in Spain, No. 21, dated March 17, 1877, and in Portugal, No. 87 6, dated November 27 1883, of which the following is a specification.

My present improvements have for their object to effect a constant circulation of the seasoning, hardening, or preserving agent or agents through the chamber or vessel or chambers or vessels in which the wood to be treated is contained, by which means the said wood is very thoroughly submitted to the action of a current of the said agent or agents reduced to and suspended in a state of extreme division forming part of a current of superheated or other steam mixed with air and gases obtained from or contained in the wood under treatment.

I will describe my invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, which represent apparatus constructed'or arranged according to my invention.

Figure 1 is an elevation, partly in section,

and Fig. 2 is a plan, of half the apparatus mounted upon a bogie, as for traveling on railways, hereinafter explained. Fig. 3 is a section of the injecting apparatus on an enlarged scale. Fig. 4 is a transverse section. Fig. 5 is a plan, and Fig. 6 a side elevation, of a modified form of the apparatus, as hereinafter explained, showing two single chambers or vessels combined to form a long compound chamber or vessel for containing longer pieces of wood; and Fig. 7 is a plan showing four of such single chambers or vessels combined to form a still longer compound chamber for treating long planks or the like, all as hereinafter more fully described.

1 construct the ovens or closed chambers or vessels A, in which the wood is to be treated, of any suitable form, (but preferably cylindrical, as shown in the drawings,) and they may each be provided with a dome or domes, a, at top, and have false bottoms "or perforated partitions a at a short distance from the bottom. A pipe, a is fixed at the lower part of each chamber A, the said pipe opening into the space beneath the perforated partition a, and being provided with a stop-valve, a", for charging and discharging the matter used when it is considered necessary to complete the process by the injection of mineral or vegetable oils, metallic solutions, or other matters used for preserving or coloring wood. This pipe a is shown in Figs. 1 and 2 as being arranged to communicate between the two chambers A, the valve 66", and pipe 01 giving communication when required with the tank X.

In Figs. 4 and 5 the pipe c communicates only with one chamber, and the tank X is arranged in a different position, for it will be evident that the position of these parts does not affect the nature of my invention.

In Fig. 7 two tanks, X, are shown as con nected with the lengthened apparatus. A small tube, 12, dips into the said .pipe a the said tube 1) at its other end forming one of the nozzles of an injector, c, the other or surrounding nozzle, 0 being in communication by the pipe 0 with a source of steam-supply. injector arrangement is continued by a pipe, cl,which opens into the space beneath the perforated partition a". Another pipe or pipes, e, is or are incommunication with the interior of the vessels A either directly or through the dome or domes, (where such are used.) the said pipe or pipes 6 also opening into the chamber of the injectorarrangement. Fig. 3 shows clearly the construction of this injector arrangement.

In Figs. 1 and 2 the same arrangement (0) is shown for working the chambers A alternately, and in Figs. 4, 5, and 6 one injector is shown attached to one of the vessels A, forming one of the parts of the lengthened chamber, for it will be evident that the said injector arrangements may be used in any number suited to the requirements of the apparatus. The'liquid hydrocarbon with which the wood is to be treated is introduced into the space beneaththeperforated partition and passes into the aforesaid pipe (4 When steam is turned on to the injector by the pipe 0 the said liquid hydrocarbon is drawn through the aforesaid small tube b, and the said liquid is forced through the pipe or pipes d by the steam into the chamber or vessel, (in which the wood to be treated has been previovsly placed.) At the same time the air and gases are drawn through the pipe or pipes e from the upper part of the chamber or vessel A by the action of the injector arrangement, and thus are mixed in the pipes dwith and dilute the steam and divide into spray the hydrocarbon liquid coming through the nozzle of the injector. By this means a constant pulverization and circulation is kept up through the chamber or vessel A, and the wood contained therein is submitted very thoroughly to the finelypulverized hydrocarbon with which it is treated. I place regulatingcocks on the pipes where necessary to regulate the quantities of the several matters passing into the injector 0, or to stop or divert the currents. For example, I place them on the small tube or tubes for the hydrocarbon liquids, and also on the steam-pipes c and on the pipe 6. On the pipe d, leading into the vessels A, a two-way cock, p, is placed, which cock, when in one position, opens into the said vessels A for maintaing the circulation, as hereinbefore described, and when in the other position opens into the air or into any suitable vessel for condensationas, for example, through the pipe yinto the upper part of the vessel X, so that the pressure escaping y from the injector a can be utilized to force oil or other liquid (when required for any injection after the process) into the chamber or chambers A.

The ovens, chambers, or vessels A are provided with doors 9, which can be closed gastight, and which can be opened and swung aside, so that several ovens, chambers, or vessels can be jointed and secured together to l her A is filled with the wood to be treated,

This

in Figs. 5, 6, and 7.

Each separate oven, chamber, or vessel A may be carried on wheels, (preferably on two pairs,) so as to be readily moved about as trolleys on lines of railway for bringing them-together orseparating them for discharging and refilling with fresh wood, or moving them to one side to allow the wood to cool slowly when necessary in the chamber in which it has been treated. I

In order to carry out conveniently the system of making the chambers A capable of use, either singly as small chambers or in combination as long chambers, the pipes which lead into the said chamber or chambers are provided with detachable junctions, by-means of which either the single chambers can be attached to the vessels for supplying the hydrocarbon and steam or when several chambers are combined the said vessels can be put into communication with one or other or more of the said chambers, and the respective pipes be then joined up as branches to open into the other chambers, so as to constitute the whole in efi'ect one large chamber.

In Fig. 6 is shown a convenient junctionpiece, j, by which the pipes 6 can be joined.

The end of each pipe has a flanged socketpiece, (which tits onto the flanged surface ofj,) and also a hinged fork-piece, 9', provided with a screw, j, which pieces j" can each be turned over the piece j, and the screws f being tightened up,secnre the said piecej firmlyin place.

In the said Fig. 6 is also shown a convenient means for securing either the said covers or doors 9 to the chambers or the chambers end toend. The one part of the said fastening consists of a bolt, is, hinged at one end to the door or the end of the chamber, (as the case may be,)its other end being turned to engage b tween bracket-pieces on the end ot'the chambar or on the door, (as the case may be,) a nut, k being screwed up to secure the cover or door to the chamber or the one chamber to the other, as the case may be.

A i t, arrangement of the ap aratus 1 these figures a part of a truck and one set of q the bogie-wheels are shown; but it will be understood that the truck is continued to the right hand of the boiler H and there provided with another set of bogie-wheels, over which rio are carried vesselsA, resembling those shown at the left-hand side of the saidtigures. I

In operating with this apparatus thechamwhich is placed upon the perforated partition a and the doors are then closed and liquid hydrocarbon is introduced into the bottom of the chamber by any suitable opening-such as by the tube 12. Z 2, Fig. 1, shows a forcing apparatus for this purpose; but it may be simply thrown into the bottom of the chamber by hand. The strength of this hydrocarbon in carbolic acid may be varied according to the effects required tobe produced upon the wood. Steam is then turned on by the pipe 0 leading from the superheater, (I have found steam at one hundred pounds per square inch superheated to a temperature of 750 to 800 Fahrenheit most effective,) which steam passes into the injector arrangement, Fig. 3, and discharges by the nozzle 6" liquid hydrocarbon drawn in by the tube b, which it beats and vaporizes and forces into the chamber A by the pipe d. At the same time the air and gases from the upper part of the chamber A are drawn rapidly through the pipe e and are redischarged (mixed with the heated steam and hydrocarbon vapor) back into the chamher A. This operation is continued until the wood is sufficiently treated, which is shown by the rise of the pressure in the chamber to thirty or forty pounds on the square ,inch, in which time the wood will have acquired an average temperature in the middle of the pieces of 140 to 150 Fahrenheit,which in the case of an ordinary railway sleeper takes about half an hour, or longer if the wood is very wet. For ordinary purposes (except where the wood is to be used under water or under ground) no further treatment is necessary to preserve and harden it. In that case the steam-pipe is detached and the chamber A wheeled away for the wood to be discharged or put aside to cool gradually, and another chamber is brought up to supply its place. When, however, wood requires the subsequent injection of either preservative or 001- oring matters, the preserving matter (whether what is ordinarily called creosote-oil orsolutions of mineral salts are used) or liquid is contained in a tank, as at X, and after the treatment as first mentioned the cock f will be turned so as to admit the steam from the chamber A by the pipe 3 above the liquid on the said tank X, whereby thesaid liquid is forced through the pipe or into the chamberA, and when the chamber is full the cock ais closed. The cock as" is opened, and a part of the liquid held in theinterior space, X, admitted by a valve opening inward (not shown) is forced into A through the pipe 05*, leading into the pipe a, steam being turned on by the branch steam-pipe x to effect the necessary pressure. The float m indicates the quantity of liquid so pressed in. Coloring-matters are forced in by the same means.

Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim, is-

1. The combination of the oven for the wood under treatment, a receptacle for the 'preservative agent, one or more steam-ejectors, and the connecting pipes, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with the oven, of a receptacl'e for preservative agents,a steam-ejector, a steam-generator, a superheater, and connecting-pipes, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with the oven and a condensing vessel or receptacle, ofanejector, and pipes connecting said vessel or receptacle with said oven through the ejector, sub stantially as described.

4. The combination, with a series of two or more ovens, of a common steam-boiler, common ejectors, and connecting-pipes, substantially as described.

5. The combination of the series of ovens, receptacles for preservative agents, ejectors, condensing-vessel, and connecting-pipes, sub stantially as described.

6. The combination, with a treating-chamber, of a steam-generator, an injecting apparatus, and connecting-pipes for injecting the treating agent into said chamber and for maintaining acirculation of the gases or vapors therein, substantially as described.

7. The combination, with a treating-chamber provided with an outlet-pipe for the liquid or liquefied matters therein, an outletpipe for gases and vapors, and an inlet-pipe, of an injecting apparatus having its suction connected with said outlets, and its discharge connected with said inlet, so as to withdraw from said chamber the liquid or liquefied matters, and also the gases and vapors, and also to return them mixed together into said chamber, substantially as described.

8. The combination,with the treating-chamber and the injecting apparatus,of the outletp'ipe connecting the lower part of the treating-chamber with the injecting apparatus,

the outlet-pipe connecting the upper part of the treating-chamber with said apparatus, and the inlet-pipe connecting the discharge of the injecting apparatus with the lower part of said chamber, substantially as described.

9. In apparatus for treating wood and other materials, the injecting apparatus described, having a suction pipe or nozzle projecting into the steam-jet pipe or nozzle, and a second suction-pipe surrounding the same, in combination with the connecting-pipes, treatingchamber, and steam-generator, substantially as described.

10. In apparatus for treating wood and other materials, a series of two or more vessels provided or combined each with doors or covers and fastening devices for uniting the same together so as to form one chamber, or for closing each so as to form separate chambers, as may be desired, substantially as described.

11. In apparatusfor treating wood and other materials, a series of two or more vessels mounted upon separate trucks and combined with fastening devicesywhereby they may be united into one chamber, substantially as described.

12. An apparatus for treating wood and other materials, comprising in combination the following elements: a series of two or more vessels mounted on separate trucks and pro- .vided with fastening devices for uniting them to form one long treating-chamber, a steamboiler, a superheater, an injecting apparatus having a suction pipe or nozzle inside the steam-jet pipe, and a second suction pipe or nozzle surrounding the said steam-pipe, pipes connecting the said suction pipes or nozzles JOHN BENN IN GTON BLYTHE.

Witnesses:

CHAS. J AS. JONES,

CHAS. MILLs, Both of 47 Lincolns Inn Fields, London.

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