US3136906A - Radial commutator for electric motors - Google Patents

Radial commutator for electric motors Download PDF

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Publication number
US3136906A
US3136906A US71030A US7103060A US3136906A US 3136906 A US3136906 A US 3136906A US 71030 A US71030 A US 71030A US 7103060 A US7103060 A US 7103060A US 3136906 A US3136906 A US 3136906A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
commutator
segments
rotor
band
electric motors
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US71030A
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English (en)
Inventor
Fagel Roger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Umicore NV SA
Original Assignee
Acec
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Acec filed Critical Acec
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3136906A publication Critical patent/US3136906A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K13/00—Structural associations of current collectors with motors or generators, e.g. brush mounting plates or connections to windings; Disposition of current collectors in motors or generators; Arrangements for improving commutation
    • H02K13/006—Structural associations of commutators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/04—Commutators
    • H01R39/06—Commutators other than with external cylindrical contact surface, e.g. flat commutators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/14—Means for supporting or protecting brushes or brush holders
    • H02K5/143—Means for supporting or protecting brushes or brush holders for cooperation with commutators
    • H02K5/146—Pivotally supported brushes or brush holders

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to commutators for electric motors.
  • v t v The dimensions of the variouscomponents of electric motor commutators are determined partly by the intensity of current at the brushes and partly by the centrifugal force acting upon the commutator segments and their securing means.
  • the present invention has the main object to produce a radial commutator of small size which can support a very high speed of rotation and a high intensity of current.
  • the commutator is also provided with an outer sleeve or capping, which encloses the commutator segments and protects the end connectors from the rotor conductors to the segments and also prevents axial movement of the commutator in relation to the rotor.
  • the invention also provides for cooling the brushes which rub upon the segments of the radial commutator.
  • the invention provides a brush-carrier suitable for any type of radial commutator but especially designed to co-operate with a radial commutator constructed in accordance with the invention.
  • This brush-carrier has the brush arranged to be capable of oscillating in such a way that all wear takes place along a plane parallel with the radial contact surface of the commutator, the position of the brush on the commutator surface being always correct, even in the event of slight axial movement of the rotor.
  • the commutator is constituted by an assembly of conductive segments 1 and insulating segments 2, disposed in the form of a ring or crown.
  • Segments 1 and 2 each have two legs normal to one another with conductor segments 1 being larger than insulating segments 2 which thus cover them only partially thus creating passages 26 between the projecting edges of the conductive segments 1 on the side where the latter make contact with the commutator brushes and also inside the ring or crown.
  • the segments 1 and 2 are held in assembled condition by a sleeve or band 3 pressed while hot over a metallic ring 4 surrounding an insulating tube 5, which is engaged over the horizontal arms of the L-shaped segments 1 and 2.
  • the ring 4 is of slightly wedge-shaped section in order to facilitate its engagement into the sleeve or band 3, the internal face of which is correspondingly coned. This ring 4 also serves to protect the insulating tubeS from the heat evolved by the sleeve or. band 3 when it is being placed into position. I
  • An insulating disc 6 is fitted between the conductive segments 1 and the adjacent face of the sleeve or band 3.
  • the assembly thus constituted forms the actual commutator, which is pressed into place inside the overhanging flange of a plate 7 secured to the rotor of the motor; this plate 7 consists of one of the two end plates which clamp the laminations of the rotor together and secure them to the motor shaft. 7
  • This end plate 7 is provided on its periphery with an outwardly projecting comb 10, the spaces between the teeth of this comb being in line with the slots of the rotor, the armature conductors being housed in these slots and their end connectors passed between the teeth of the comb 10 and soldered to the conductive segments 1.
  • the end plate 7 is'formed with a series of circumferentially spaced holes 24 facing the passages between the horizontal arms of the segments 1 where they are not covered by the segments 2.
  • An outer sleeve or band 13 is fitted while hot directly upon the teeth of the comb 10 and upon the heels 14 on the outer arms of the segments 1, with an interposed insulator 15.
  • This outer sleeve or band prevents all axial displacement which could possibly occur by sliding of the inner band 3 in relation to the end plate 7, and the insulator 15 keeps the end connectors and the ends of the armature conductors located between the teeth of the comb 10 and the heels 14 of the segments 1 out of contact with the motor frame despite the centrifugal force acting upon them when the rotor rotates at high speed.
  • Rotation of the motor fitted with the improved commutator will create an air turbulence in the body of the motor, the shaft 9 of which is provided at its other end with a conventional fan (not shown), the air movement taking place from right to left in the appended drawing, and serving to cool both the commuator and the brush.
  • part of the air flowing towards the holes 24 will be diverted by the rotation of the commutator so as to pass between the segments 1 on the side where they contact with the brushes; this acts to dissipate the heat produced by the friction of the brushes on the commutator and by the passage of current at the contact surfaces. Furthermore, this air current flows round the brushes and cools them.
  • the sleeve or band 3 extends over a large part of the width of the segments 1 and 2 and therefore resists firmly the centrifugal forces acting upon the segments, this being of particular importance when the motor is intended to rotate at very high speeds.
  • a supplementary advantage of the improved commutator resides in that its fastening inside the end plate 7 of the rotor permits a larger surface of contact between the commutator and the rotor than when the commutator is fixed on the shaft. Furthermore, the free space thus left around the shaft permits of housing therein the ball hearing which supports said shaft; this results in a decrease in the length of the shaft and in the bulk of the motor.
  • the assembly of I segments being held together by a band or sleeve gripping the axial arms of the segments and comprising an inner insulating tube surrounded by a metal ring of wedge section over which a complementary coned metal sleeve or band is given a force fit, an insulating disc separating the radial arms of the segments from said band or sleeve, the commutator being held between anoverhanging flange on one of the rotor end plates and an outer sleeve or band on the rotor provided with an inturned lip which grips inset heels in the peripheral ends of the conductive seg- 4 men ts through the intermediary of an insulator, said rotor end plate having circumferentially spaced holes registering with axial channels through the rotor and a peripheral comb the spaces between the teeth of which register with the winding slots in the rotor.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
US71030A 1959-11-23 1960-11-22 Radial commutator for electric motors Expired - Lifetime US3136906A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR810987A FR1264476A (fr) 1959-11-23 1959-11-23 Collecteur radial pour machines électriques

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3136906A true US3136906A (en) 1964-06-09

Family

ID=8721665

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US71030A Expired - Lifetime US3136906A (en) 1959-11-23 1960-11-22 Radial commutator for electric motors

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3136906A (fr)
BE (1) BE597357A (fr)
CH (1) CH367559A (fr)
FR (1) FR1264476A (fr)
GB (1) GB902557A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4716330A (en) * 1984-11-19 1987-12-29 Asgalium S.A. DC motor with commutator rotor

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2554646B1 (fr) * 1983-11-04 1986-03-28 Paris & Du Rhone Porte-balais pour collecteur frontal de machines electriques tournantes
DK0944938T3 (da) * 1996-12-12 2002-07-01 Comtrade Handelsgmbh Kommutator med armeringsring
EP3021469B1 (fr) * 2013-07-11 2020-10-07 Mitsuba Corporation Moteur électrique

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1537692A (en) * 1924-08-14 1925-05-12 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Disk commutator
US1811180A (en) * 1928-10-26 1931-06-23 Clyde W Landers Commutator construction for electric machines
GB401292A (en) * 1932-05-02 1933-11-02 Gen Electric Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to electric motors
US2727166A (en) * 1951-05-25 1955-12-13 Bendix Aviat Corp Brush attachment for electrical machines
US2755399A (en) * 1952-01-07 1956-07-17 Emerson Electric Mfg Co Brush holder mechanism
US2894155A (en) * 1955-03-21 1959-07-07 Gen Electric Liquid cooled dynamoelectric machine

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1537692A (en) * 1924-08-14 1925-05-12 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Disk commutator
US1811180A (en) * 1928-10-26 1931-06-23 Clyde W Landers Commutator construction for electric machines
GB401292A (en) * 1932-05-02 1933-11-02 Gen Electric Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to electric motors
US2727166A (en) * 1951-05-25 1955-12-13 Bendix Aviat Corp Brush attachment for electrical machines
US2755399A (en) * 1952-01-07 1956-07-17 Emerson Electric Mfg Co Brush holder mechanism
US2894155A (en) * 1955-03-21 1959-07-07 Gen Electric Liquid cooled dynamoelectric machine

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4716330A (en) * 1984-11-19 1987-12-29 Asgalium S.A. DC motor with commutator rotor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1264476A (fr) 1961-06-23
GB902557A (en) 1962-08-01
BE597357A (fr) 1961-05-23
CH367559A (fr) 1963-02-28

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