US3115436A

US3115436A - Loop pile fabric

Info

Publication number: US3115436A
Application number: US140935A
Authority: US
Inventors: Elsie C Bloch; Bloch Godfrey
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1961-09-26
Filing date: 1961-09-26
Publication date: 1963-12-24
Anticipated expiration: 1980-12-24

Description

Dec. 24, 1963 c. BLOCH ETAL 3,115,436

LOOP PILE FABRIC A ITOENL'Y United States Patent Gfiiice Patented Dec. 24%, 19%;:

3,115,436 Lflild lPiLlJ FABRIC Elsie C. Bloch and Godfrey Bloch, both of 38 E. 75th St, New York, N.Y. Filed Sept. 26, 196i, Ser. No. 140,935 2 fliairns. (1. 16165) This invention relates to loop pile fabrics and more particularly to fabrics of the floor covering type.

In loop pile fabrics in which the pile loops are made over pile wires it is difficult to overcome variations in the pile loops which may take the form of certain rows of loops being slightly higher or slightly lower than the remaining rows of loops. In a patternless fabric this may not be objectionable or even noticeable, but it does in troduce a directional effect which would make it impossible to join pieces in which the pile yarns run in different directions. Also in pile fabrics wherein each dent contains a plurality of ends which are similar in twist and any other characteristics even though the twist of the ends in successive dents may be reversed it has been found that a diagonal effect is produced.

it is an object of this invention to eliminate this directional or diagonal effect in loop pile fabrics.

Another object is to provide a loop pile fabric having a uniform patternless surface appearance.

Another object is to provide a loop pile fabric having improved coverage and a patternless, pebbly or textured effect.

Various other objects and advantages will be apparent as the nature of the invention is more fully disclosed.

In accordance with the present invention at least three pile warp ends are passed through each dent of the reed. in each dent one or more of the ends is twisted in one direction and one or more of the ends is twisted in the reverse direction giving a combination of twists with the ends being randomly disposed with respect to each other. The arrangement is such that more than half of the ends in each dent are twisted in the same direction and the remainder of the ends are twisted in the reverse direction with the twists in successive dents alternating. For example, if three ends are passed through each dent, the ends in one dent may be $8 and Z twists respectively, whereas the ends in the adjacent dent would have 22 and S twists respectively, the same alternating arrangement being carried on throughout the weave.

Since the grouping of three ends in each dent results in an increased number of pile loops in the weftwise direction this increase in the amount of wool or other pile material may be compensated for by decreasing the number of picks per inch in the warpwise direction so that the same overall number of pile loops may be provided in any given area as in other weaves wherein a lesser number of ends are passed through each dent.

The invention will be better understood from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawing in which a specific embodiment has been set forth for purposes of illustration.

In the drawing:

Fit 1 is a plan view of a fabric embodying the invention illustrating the pcbbly, patternless effect; and

PEG. 2 is a fillerwise section taken on the line 22 of FIG. 1 but on a larger scale illustrating the nature of the weave.

Referring to the drawing more in detail the invention is shown as embodied in a pile fabric of the floor covering type having a backing composed of filler yarns 10 woven with chain warp yarns l1. Pile loops 12 are formed from pile yarns '13 which are woven under selected filler yarns it). The pile loops may be bound into the backing by a latex coating not shown. It is to be understood that the construction thus far described is well known and only so much thereof has been shown as is necessary for an understanding of this invention.

In the embodiment shown in the drawing, the pile loops are arranged in groups of three loops each. The pile yarns .13 forming the loops 12 of each group are passed through the same dent of the reed in weaving, and the groups of loops are separated by pairs of chain warps 11 so that the loops 12 of each group are held closely together.

The novel effect of this invention is obtained by making one of the yarn ends 13 with a reverse twist. Thus two yarns in each group have a twist in one direction and the third yarn has a twist in the opposite direction. Since the three ends are fed through the same reed dent their relative arrangement varies in a random manner.

As a further feature the relative twist is reversed in successive dents so as to enhance the random effect.

Referring more specifically to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 and reading from left to right the pile yarns 13 in the first group are disposed with 228 twists respectively, as indicated in the drawing. The pile yarns in the second group have 58 and Z twists and the third and fourth groups have been shown as having 282 and S28 twists respectively, and so on across the fabric. It is evident that the relative arrangement of the yarns in each group varies in a random manner. For example a group consisting of two yarns having an S twist and one yarn having a Z twist may be disposed as 882, 233 or $28 depending upon the manner in which they pass through a particular dent. The distinguishing feature is that, if two yarns in one group have an s twist, then two yarns in the next group will have a Z twist.

This random effect can also be obtained by using more than three yarns in each group provided that in each group more than half of the yarns have the same twist and at least one yarn has the opposite twist and that the twists are reversed in successive dents across the fabric.

In fabrics of the above type it has been found that a uniform pebbly surface appearance is obtained without any directional effect as illustrated in FIG. 1.

What is claimed is:

l. A loop pile fabric having a uniform surface appearance devoid of directional effect, which comprises a backing woven with filler yarns and Warp yarns and pile yarns bound under selected filler yarns forming upstanding loops, said pile yarns being arranged in groups of at least three yarns in each group, successive groups being separated by pairs of warp yarns and being closely held thereby, more than half of the yarns in each group being twisted in one direction and the remaining yarns in each group being twisted in the reverse direction, the yarns in each group being randomly arranged with respect to each other and the yarns in successive groups in a fillerwise direction having opposite relative twists so that more than half of the yarns in one group have an S twist and more than half of the yarns in the next group have a Z twist with the remaining yarns consisting of at least one yarn having a twist in the opposite direction.

2. A fabric as set forth in claim 1 in which each group consists of three yarns.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS

Claims

1. A LOOP PILE FABRIC HAVING A UNIFORM SURFACE APPEARANCE DEVOID OF DIRECTIONAL EFFECT, WHICH COMPRISES A BACKING WOVEN WITH FILLER YARNS AND WARP YARNS AND PILE YARNS BOUND UNDER SELECTED FILLER YARNS FORMING UPSTANDING LOOPS, SAID PILE YARNS BEING ARRANGED IN GROUPS OF AT LEAST THREE YARNS IN EACH GROUP, SUCCESSIVE GROUPS BEING SEPARATED BY PAIRS OF WARP YARNS AND BEING CLOSELY HELD THEREBY, MORE THAN HALF OF THE YARS IN EACH GROUP BEING TWISTED IN ONE DIRECTION AND THE REMAINING YARNS IN EACH GROUP BEING TWISTED IN THE REVERSE DIRECTION, THE YARNS IN