US3113509A - Type belt device - Google Patents

Type belt device Download PDF

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Publication number
US3113509A
US3113509A US161620A US16162061A US3113509A US 3113509 A US3113509 A US 3113509A US 161620 A US161620 A US 161620A US 16162061 A US16162061 A US 16162061A US 3113509 A US3113509 A US 3113509A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
type
belt
coating
members
belt member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US161620A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Victor R Simpson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Business Machines Corp
Original Assignee
International Business Machines Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US1761A external-priority patent/US3041964A/en
Priority to FR849178A priority Critical patent/FR1278852A/fr
Application filed by International Business Machines Corp filed Critical International Business Machines Corp
Priority to US161620A priority patent/US3113509A/en
Priority to GB43371/62A priority patent/GB945659A/en
Priority to DEJ22843A priority patent/DE1222298B/de
Priority to CH1485662A priority patent/CH416182A/de
Priority to FR919390A priority patent/FR83358E/fr
Priority to BE626487D priority patent/BE626487A/xx
Publication of US3113509A publication Critical patent/US3113509A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J1/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the mounting, arrangement or disposition of the types or dies
    • B41J1/16—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the mounting, arrangement or disposition of the types or dies with types or dies arranged in stationary or sliding cases or frames or upon flexible strips, plates, bars or rods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J1/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the mounting, arrangement or disposition of the types or dies
    • B41J1/20—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the mounting, arrangement or disposition of the types or dies with types or dies mounted on endless bands or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J9/00—Hammer-impression mechanisms
    • B41J9/02—Hammers; Arrangements thereof
    • B41J9/10—Hammers; Arrangements thereof of more than one hammer, e.g. one for each character position
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L13/00—Details of the apparatus or circuits covered by groups H04L15/00 or H04L17/00
    • H04L13/18—Details of the apparatus or circuits covered by groups H04L15/00 or H04L17/00 of receivers
    • H04L13/182—Printing mechanisms

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a printing mechanism and more particularly to an improved type belt suitable for use in high speed printing apparatus.
  • the type belt of the present invention has particular utility in an on-the-fly print apparatus of the type sometimes referred to as a chain printer, embodiments of which are shown and described in US. Patent 2,918,865 issued to E. R. Wooding on December 29, 1959, and U.S. Patent 2,993,437 issued to F. M. Demer and E. l. Grenchus on July 25, 1961.
  • the printing mechanism comprises a chain of type members uniformly spaced, means for moving the type chain in a continuous path at a constant speed, and a plurality of hammers located on a print line portion of said path, said hammers being selectively operable to strike a print medium against the type members as they align with various hammers.
  • the type belt of said copending application comprises a composite belt member to which type members are removably attachable.
  • the belt member comprises an inner thin band of flexible sheet steel coated with a uniform layer of plastic material bonded to the surface of the steel band.
  • the fixation of the type members is performed by clamping interconnectable type member body elements to the composite belt member.
  • the clamping In order that the type members retain a fixed position relative to each other and a fixed alignment relative to the belt member, the clamping must be performed at such a rate that substantial stress is placed on the external coating. Such clamping action tends to reduce the thickness of the plastic coating in the area where maximum thickness is desired.
  • the fixation of the type members in such an arrangement as shown in the copending application depends substantially primarily on friction that exists between the type member and the plastic coating and to some extent on the slight deformation of the plastic coat- 1112.
  • the detent means takes the form of integral raised extrusions on the surface of the plastic coating, and the type members have recesses adapted to receive the extrusions.
  • the extrusions preferably have a shape and form which cooperating with surfaces defining the recesses in the type members produce a locking of the type member to the belt member against lateral displacement and twisting misalignment.
  • the detents are formed in the coating of the belt member by the type member.
  • the type member has recesses formed in the clamping surface.
  • the process of forming the detents comprises clamping the type members to the belt member such that the grooved clamping surface compresses the coating without distortion. After the type members are clamped to the composite belt member, the assembly is heated to stress relieve the coating. The pressure of the type member upon the heated coating extrudes portions thereof in contact with the clamping surface into the grooves. The type chain assembly is then cooled. When cooled, the type chain is usable in a printer. In the extrusion process, a bond is not formed so that the type member may be removed by unclamping.
  • a like type member may be assembled to the same positions in the chain.
  • new type members may be added to the type chain in proper position and alignment.
  • an improved type chain has been provided which is relatively simple in construction and which is useful for obtaining improved printing quality for on-the-fiy printers. Also by such a construction where a plurality of type members are to be removably attached to the belt member, the type members need not be abutted to obtain secure positioning with accuracy.
  • FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a schematic version of an on-thefiy chain printer in which the present invention has particular utility.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded isometric view showing an engraved metal type member suitable for removable attachment to a flexible type belt carrier.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross section showing a type member of FIG. 2 attached to a flexible belt type carrier.
  • FIG. 4 is a transverse cross section of a belt member of the type used in the assembly of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 5 is a second cross sectional view showing the type member of FIG. 2 assembled to a flexible belt type carrier.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross sectional view of the assembly taken along the line 66 in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 7 is a fragment of a type carrier belt member of the type shown in FIGS. l6 taken in isometric view to illustrate the general'construction thereof.
  • FIG. 1 a preferred form of printer is shown in FIG. 1 comprising an endless type chain or type belt it supported on spaced-apart sprocket wheel 11 and idler pulley 12.
  • Type belt it? carries a plurality of uniformly spaced type members 13 clamped to a continuous belt member 14.
  • the type members 13 may be any number of a set of a predetermined number of type characters arranged in a predetermined sequence and uni formly spaced along the type belt to completely fill the same.
  • the sprocket wheel 11 is adapted to be driven preferably at a constant speed by motor means (not shown) through shaft or the like to move the belt transversely across a record strip 16.
  • the record strip which is adapted to pass over and the guide members 17 and 18, respectively may be advanced step by step by conventional means including lower and upper sprocket wheels 19 and 2t respectively.
  • T he wheels 15? and 24 may be mechanically coupled through pulleys 21 by suitable means such as a drive belt (not shown) adapted to drive them in a synchronous manner.
  • Printing of the characters represented by the type members 13 on record strips 16 is accomplished by a plurality of type hammers 22 which in the printer shown strike the type members while they are in motion.
  • the hammers 22 are mounted horizontally on vertical leaf springs 23 anchored in a horizontal base member 24.
  • the hammers 22 are normally biased by the springs 23 out of engagement with the record strips 16 and are adapted to be individually actuated by electromagnets 25 having armatures 26 pivotally mounted on shaft 27.
  • electromagnets 25 having armatures 26 pivotally mounted on shaft 27.
  • a guide member 31 is provided to guide the type members 13 and to provide impact resistance therefor.
  • the guide member itself may have shock absorbing properties to further enhance the life expectancy of the type belt and associated components.
  • the type carried by the type members may be desirably spaced apart further than the hammers, the ratio of the type spacing to hammer spacing being sufiicient to insure that type members are in alignment with spacedapart hammers at any one instant.
  • a further illustration of this principle of spacing may be understood by reference to US. Patent 2,993,437 issued on July 25, 1961, to F. M. Demer and E. J. Grenchus.
  • a composite belt member is shown more clearly in FIGS. 3, 4, and 7, and comprises an inner tension member 32 having an outer plastic coating 33 bonded to the surface thereof.
  • the tension member 32 is a thin flexible strip of high tensile strength, high modulus elasticity steel.
  • a particular example of a suitable material for a tension member is the chrome nickel alloy steel commonly referred to as stainless steel. Also suitable are cobalt, nickel base alloys of the type marketable under the trade names of Dynavar and Elgiloy.
  • the plastic coating 33 is either a polyester film or nylon.
  • An example of a suitable polyester film was found to be polyethylene terephthalate, types of which are marketable under the trademark Mylar and the trade name Videne.
  • Examples of nylon found suitable as a plastic coating 33 for the purposes of the present invention were the linear polyamides of low molecular weight marketable under the trademark designations Zytel 61 and Zytel 63. Further information concerning the manner in which the composite belt member is manufactured may be obtained by referring to the above-mentioned copending application of Simpson and Thompson.
  • the type members 13 are individually removably attachable to band member 14-.
  • the removable attachment of the type members 13, shown in detail in FIGS. 2, 3, 5, and 6 is achieved by providing that each type member comprise a type block member 34 and a clamping member 35.
  • the type block member 34 has a face on which type characters 36 are formed in a suitable manner such as by the well-known engraving techniques.
  • Two extensions 37 and 38 projecting from the back side of block member 34- are spaced apart to form a band receiving groove 39.
  • Grooves 4d and 41 in the upper and lower extensions, respectively, provide recesses d for the clamp member 35.
  • Clamp member 35 is attached to the type block member 34 by screws 42 which are receivable in openings 43 and 44 provided for that purpose, the latter eing threaded.
  • the type block member 34 will comprise more than one spaced engraved type 36 which may be given a spacing characteristic relative to the hammer spacing in accordance with the principle previously discussed in connection with the U8. patent of Demer and Grenchus.
  • the attachment of the type members 13 to the band member is effected by lacing band 14 within central groove 39, placing the clamp member 35 in grooves 49 and 41 and then securing the same with screws 42 threaded through the openings 43 and 44.
  • the type members 13 are removably attachable to the belt member 14 in such a manner that there is no displacement or misalignment. Furthermore, this is achieved without excessively compressing coating 33 which is bonded to tension member 32.
  • retaining means is provided on the rear surface 34a of type block 3 5 which is capable of positively engaging layer 33a of coating 33.
  • the preferred form of retaining means on type block 34 comprises one or more elongate grooves 34b.
  • the grooves 34b which are preferably rectangular in transverse cross section as shown in FIGS.
  • 3 and 6 may be formed in the inner surface 34a of block 34 as part of the fabrication step which produces extensions 37 and 38 or they may be formed as a separate step in connection with the finishing process for type block 34.
  • the grooves 34b can be formed with precision so that when type member 13 is clamped to belt 14, e.g., in a fixture a precise transverse alignment for positioning type faces 35 is obtained.
  • coating 33 is provided with detent means 33b formed in layer 33a of coating 33.
  • the detent means 33b in a manner corresponding with grooves 34b of type block 34, are elongate and more or less rectangular in cross section as shown in FIGS. 3, 6, and 7.
  • Detent means 3311 are fiormed in layer 33a of coating 33 so as to be precisely transverse and preferably as an integral extension therefrom.
  • a method for producing a particularly precise formation of detents 331) on coating 33a so that precise location of type members 113 on belt 14 is obtained is as follows:
  • the various type members '13 are assembled to belt member 14 in the manner previously described.
  • the screws 42. are tightened to cause bar 35 to compress layer 33a of coating 33 against surface 34a.
  • the type members 13 are accurately positioned so that both vertical alignment of type faces 36 and position of type member 13 on belt member 14 is obtained.
  • a fixture (not shown) is prefenably used.
  • the screws 42 are tightened to provide a degree of clamping pressure on layer 33a. The pressure however, is not so great as to effect appreciable distontion of layer 33a into grooves 34b.
  • the retain-ing of type members 13 be performed primarily through the detent means 3312.
  • coating 33 is made thicker in layer 33a.
  • layer 33a thicker and keeping coating 33 much thinner on the opposite side of tension band 32, substantially no deformation takes place in the thin layer of coating 33 during the extrusion of detents 33b.
  • the shock absorbing properties of coating 33 are not diminished.
  • the fabrication of type members 13 is facilitated, i.e., the precision fabrication is primarily emphasized in connection with block member 34 Whereas clamping member 35 need not be formed with as great precision.
  • a suitable type chain may be formed in accordance with the following specifications.
  • Tension member 32 is a strip of stainless steel .003 inch thick and .200 inch wide.
  • Coating 33 is formed of two strips of plastic material such as nylon or Mylar where the layers are respectively .001 and .004 inch thick. The respective layers are Wide enough to be bonded to the sides and edges :of tension band 32.
  • a type belt comprising in combination a flexible belt member comprising a flexible tension member enclosed within a shock energy absorbing coating bonded to the outer surface thereof, at least one type member removably attached to said belt member, and means for maintaining said type member at a fixed predetermined position on said belt member comprising raised detent means formed integral with said coating, and means formed in said type member for engaging said detent means and cooperable therewith to oppose displacement of said type member along said belt member.
  • a type belt in accordance with claim 1 in which said type member comprises first and second type member ele ments, said elements being interconnectable for clamping said type member to said belt member, one of said elements having a retaining igroove means formed in a surface engageable with said coating of said belt member, said groove means being formed for receiving said raised detent means of said coating and coactable therewith to oppose displacement of said type member along said belt member.
  • a printer apparatus having a print mechanism comprising a plurality of type members, a plurality of hammer means selectively operable for striking said type members along a print line, means for moving said plumality of type members in a uniformly spaced manner along said print line and in a continuous path including a composite flexible belt member adapted to carry said plurality of type members, said type members being removably attachable to said belt member by compressive clamping action of members engageable with opposite surfaces of said belt member, said composite belt member comprising a tension band member and a shock energy absorbing coating bonded to the outer surface of said band member, said coating isolating said tension member from said type members, and means for maintaining said type members at plural uniformly spaced predetermined fixed positions on said belt member in opposition to displacement forces produced by the impact of said hammer means on said type members including plural raised detent means formed integral with said coating at said predetermined positions along said belt member for engaging said type members, and means formed in said type members for engaging said raised detent means and coacting therewith to hold

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Impression-Transfer Materials And Handling Thereof (AREA)
  • Handling Of Continuous Sheets Of Paper (AREA)
  • Character Spaces And Line Spaces In Printers (AREA)
US161620A 1960-01-11 1961-12-22 Type belt device Expired - Lifetime US3113509A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR849178A FR1278852A (fr) 1960-01-11 1961-01-09 Courroie porte-caractères pour un dispositif d'impression continue
US161620A US3113509A (en) 1960-01-11 1961-12-22 Type belt device
GB43371/62A GB945659A (en) 1961-12-22 1962-11-16 Improved type belt, particularly for use in high speed printer apparatus
DEJ22843A DE1222298B (de) 1961-12-22 1962-12-14 Kettendrucker fuer eine Daten verarbeitende Maschine
CH1485662A CH416182A (de) 1961-12-22 1962-12-18 Typenkette für einen Schnelldrucker einer datenverarbeitenden Maschine
FR919390A FR83358E (fr) 1961-12-22 1962-12-21 Courroie porte-caractères pour un dispositif d'impression continue
BE626487D BE626487A (el) 1961-12-22 1962-12-24

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US1761A US3041964A (en) 1960-01-11 1960-01-11 Continuous type belt
US161620A US3113509A (en) 1960-01-11 1961-12-22 Type belt device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3113509A true US3113509A (en) 1963-12-10

Family

ID=22581961

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US161620A Expired - Lifetime US3113509A (en) 1960-01-11 1961-12-22 Type belt device

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US3113509A (el)
BE (1) BE626487A (el)
CH (1) CH416182A (el)
DE (1) DE1222298B (el)
FR (2) FR1278852A (el)
GB (1) GB945659A (el)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3633501A (en) * 1969-09-30 1972-01-11 Mohawk Data Sciences Corp Print slug mounting means in type chain assembly
US3791292A (en) * 1972-02-22 1974-02-12 Ncr Type belt for a belt printer
US3814012A (en) * 1971-07-23 1974-06-04 Int Computers Ltd Train printers
US3844211A (en) * 1969-11-14 1974-10-29 Honeywell Bull Soc Ind Endless type support band for movable-type printing machine
USB307677I5 (el) * 1972-11-17 1975-01-28
US3939768A (en) * 1974-04-26 1976-02-24 Shugart Associates Character belt apparatus with replaceable slugs for line printer
US3949665A (en) * 1970-12-04 1976-04-13 Odec Computer Systems, Inc. Belt and carrier for high speed printer
US4075945A (en) * 1974-11-12 1978-02-28 Siegfried Heinz Bienholz Print medium and assembly

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1278852A (fr) * 1960-01-11 1961-12-15 Ibm Courroie porte-caractères pour un dispositif d'impression continue

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2267661A (en) * 1940-01-13 1941-12-23 Markem Machine Co Tab marking machine
US2865214A (en) * 1957-04-10 1958-12-23 Russell Mfg Co Ultra high speed endless belts
US2899242A (en) * 1959-08-11 Bombardier
US3041964A (en) * 1960-01-11 1962-07-03 Ibm Continuous type belt
US3041965A (en) * 1958-06-20 1962-07-03 Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd Type members for a high speed printer

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1278852A (fr) * 1960-01-11 1961-12-15 Ibm Courroie porte-caractères pour un dispositif d'impression continue

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2899242A (en) * 1959-08-11 Bombardier
US2267661A (en) * 1940-01-13 1941-12-23 Markem Machine Co Tab marking machine
US2865214A (en) * 1957-04-10 1958-12-23 Russell Mfg Co Ultra high speed endless belts
US3041965A (en) * 1958-06-20 1962-07-03 Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd Type members for a high speed printer
US3041964A (en) * 1960-01-11 1962-07-03 Ibm Continuous type belt

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3633501A (en) * 1969-09-30 1972-01-11 Mohawk Data Sciences Corp Print slug mounting means in type chain assembly
US3844211A (en) * 1969-11-14 1974-10-29 Honeywell Bull Soc Ind Endless type support band for movable-type printing machine
US3949665A (en) * 1970-12-04 1976-04-13 Odec Computer Systems, Inc. Belt and carrier for high speed printer
US3814012A (en) * 1971-07-23 1974-06-04 Int Computers Ltd Train printers
US3791292A (en) * 1972-02-22 1974-02-12 Ncr Type belt for a belt printer
USB307677I5 (el) * 1972-11-17 1975-01-28
US3915276A (en) * 1972-11-17 1975-10-28 Teletype Corp Belt printer
US3939768A (en) * 1974-04-26 1976-02-24 Shugart Associates Character belt apparatus with replaceable slugs for line printer
US4075945A (en) * 1974-11-12 1978-02-28 Siegfried Heinz Bienholz Print medium and assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1222298B (de) 1966-08-04
CH416182A (de) 1966-06-30
BE626487A (el) 1963-04-16
FR83358E (fr) 1964-07-31
GB945659A (en) 1964-01-08
FR1278852A (fr) 1961-12-15

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