US3107532A - Thermostat - Google Patents

Thermostat Download PDF

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Publication number
US3107532A
US3107532A US187518A US18751862A US3107532A US 3107532 A US3107532 A US 3107532A US 187518 A US187518 A US 187518A US 18751862 A US18751862 A US 18751862A US 3107532 A US3107532 A US 3107532A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
discs
disc
edges
thermostat
size
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US187518A
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English (en)
Inventor
Lingnau Josef
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gustav F Gerdts KG
Original Assignee
Gustav F Gerdts KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gustav F Gerdts KG filed Critical Gustav F Gerdts KG
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Publication of US3107532A publication Critical patent/US3107532A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00—Control of temperature
    • G05D23/01—Control of temperature without auxiliary power
    • G05D23/02—Control of temperature without auxiliary power with sensing element expanding and contracting in response to changes of temperature
    • G05D23/08—Control of temperature without auxiliary power with sensing element expanding and contracting in response to changes of temperature with bimetallic element
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K5/00—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material
    • G01K5/48—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material the material being a solid
    • G01K5/56—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material the material being a solid constrained so that expansion or contraction causes a deformation of the solid
    • G01K5/62—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material the material being a solid constrained so that expansion or contraction causes a deformation of the solid the solid body being formed of compounded strips or plates, e.g. bimetallic strip
    • G01K5/64—Details of the compounds system
    • G01K5/66—Selection of composition of the components of the system
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K5/00—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material
    • G01K5/48—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material the material being a solid
    • G01K5/56—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material the material being a solid constrained so that expansion or contraction causes a deformation of the solid
    • G01K5/62—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material the material being a solid constrained so that expansion or contraction causes a deformation of the solid the solid body being formed of compounded strips or plates, e.g. bimetallic strip
    • G01K5/64—Details of the compounds system
    • G01K5/68—Shape of the system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
    • H01H37/52—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element
    • H01H37/521—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element comprising a plurality of bimetals acting in the same direction

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a thermostat and refers more particularly to a thermostat consisting of at least one pair of birnetallic discs which are curved in opposite directions and loosely mounted one over the other.
  • Thermostats consisting of individual bimetallic discs loosely mounted in rows upon one or more guide rods, are generally well known and are used wherever regulation and guiding are to be carried out by means of ternperatune variations. These individual discs, which may be combined into a bi-rnetallic column, have, however, the draw'back that in their curved operative condition they rarely lie properly directly concentrically one over the other, since the contacting edges of the individual pairs of elements do not constitute an adequate supporting surface, so thatrthe discs slide inwardly or outwardly between the guiding rod and the disc bore, depending upon the extent of play. In most cases pairs of discs can support each other only upon a portion ci their circumference.
  • thermostats which are preferably used in steam plants and the like, particularly for thermically operated dischargers of condensation water, wherein they are subjected to the attack of corrosion-producing media, such as steam, condensate and their respective chemical impurities must be constructed with special care so as to assure durability and an ⁇ operating power which must remain constant.
  • bimetals were often used which were made resistant against corrosion by means of surface coatings which were applied galvanically by known methods.
  • this protective ⁇ coating is soon dissolved, since the layers are quickly affected by the attacking medium.
  • these bimetals poorly resist mechanical stresses, so that the life of the bimetal is not .prolonged to any substantial extent by the provision of a protective coating.
  • An object ⁇ of the present invention is to effectively elimilCe nate these drawbacks of prior art constructions by the simplest possible means.
  • each pair of bimetallic discs constituting a column out of discs of different sizes in such manner that the circumferential edge of the smaller disc is supported upon the inner surface of the larger disc.
  • this l*feature of the present invention is that perfect engagement is provided whenever the two individual discs support one another, since due to the difference in size the smaller disc must necessarily lie upon the inner surface of the larger disc.
  • this advantage of the construction of the present invention is combined with the further feature that the smaller discs are centered automatically upon the concave inner surfaces of the larger discs during the bending process, so that operational diliiculties resulting from clamping or edge locking between the guide rod and the discs are eliminated and so that there is always the same stroke length at the same temperature.
  • the individual discs of each pair can have different outer shapes. It was found as a part of the present invention, that it is particularly advantageous, when only one guide rod is used, to combine a preferably circular disc with an angular disc, whereby the angular disc should he preferably the smaller one. Due to this arrangement the loss in the stroke length of the smaller disc is balanced out again since, as was determined in actual practice, the free edges of an angular disc are lbent particularly strongly. lt is possible to retain the generally employed central rod guide despite the use of different discs, since in view of the size dilerences, the smaller angular disc can be supported upon the larger round disc in each position.
  • the automatic centering of the 'discs is facilitated by rounding ott at least the supporting edges of the smaller dise, thereby also increasing its sliding capacity.
  • This rounding of the edges is particularly effective when the edge of the smaller disc and the edge surface of the larger Idisc serving as the support, are hardened or provided with a hard chromium coating.
  • This feature does not only provide a further improvement in the sliding capacity, ibut as its result the highly stressed engaging zones of the individual discs acquire considerably greater resistance against wear and tear.
  • this discovery is used to eliminate the above indicated drawbacks in such heat-expanding bodies which are exposed to moving steam or condensation water, as is, for example, the case with dischargers of condensation water.
  • the bimetal'component with great heat expansion is exposed to the moving portion of the medium and consists of corrosion-resistant steel, preferably austenitic it/8% chromium-nickel steel, while the other component which cornes into contact with the non- .from turning.
  • moving part of the medium consists of a non-corrosionresistant steel having smaller heat expansion, preferably Invar steel with about 30-36% nickel.
  • the ibimetallic discs can alsof consist of an austenitic steel component and a ferritic steel component, whereby both components are non-rusting steels, the two bimetallic components being joined into ya
  • FIGURE 1 is la section through two pairs of discs mounted upon a central shaft and constructed in accord- ⁇ ance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is atop view of ⁇ the device shown in FIG. 1.
  • vFIGURE 3 shows in tot l View a differently constructed embodiment of the present invention wherein differently nvention. l y
  • FIGURE 7 is an enlarged section through hard-chromed edge portions of twlofdiscs of a pair.
  • the pairs of idiscs ⁇ shown in FIGS. l and 2 consistl of individual discs l andY 2 are different in size Vand which are mounted in a row upon a central guiding rod 3.'
  • the discs -1 of each pair are smaller in diameter, so that in their curved operational condition their edges 4 can be circumterentially supported upon the inner surfaces 5 ofthe larger discs 2, thus providing Van excellent sealing of fthe inner hollow space.
  • FIGURE 3 The construction of FIGURE 3 is different from that of FIGS. :l iand 2 only in that the smaller disc 1a which is supported by the larger disc 2, is angular in shape and is provided with lbr-oken oli corners 6.
  • FIGURES ⁇ 4 and 5 show a construction wherein both discs lb and 2b are angular in shape with parallel edges in stepped formation.
  • Two guide pinsS and 9 located on lboth sides ofthe guiding member 3 and extending through the superposed discs, Iare used to prevent them [It not essential that the bimetallic column be mounted in the 'manner' shown in FIG. l.
  • FIG- ment of discs constructed in accordance with the present v URE 6 it is obviously possible to mount the individual discs l and 2 one over the other alternately asto size,
  • the frictionally exposed edges of the discs lc are provided with a hard chromium coating l0, while the edge surfaces 5a of the larger :discs 2c are provided with a hard chromium coating lila. These coatings also increase the sliding capacity of the contacting parts.
  • ⁇ FGURE 7 shows that the edge 'of the smaller disc 1c is rounded at ll sol #as to further increase the sliding capacity of the parts, with the result that yduring stroke movements the discs are substantially automatically centered relatively to each other. Furthermore, the rounded edges lll further decrease wear and tear and prevent the possibility of a sharp edge of the Ismaller disc damaging after a while the larger disc.
  • the positions of disc pai-rs shown in FIGS. 1, 4 and 6 can be their positions of rest or their operative positions, depending upon the size, arrangement and selection of material of the individual bimetallic components of each disc.
  • the drawing showing the discs as curving in opposite idirections may show them in their operative positions while they are under theinlluence of heat, while when cooled the ⁇ discs vvcanbe flat or only slightly curved.
  • VA reverse construction is also possible,
  • discs can be used which are curved when cool and which assume a hat shape when heated.
  • the diameter or the largest distance between opposed edges of the larger disc is greater than the diameter or the largest Idistance between the edges of the smaller disc by a length which is at least twice the size of play between the guiding rod 3 and the edges of the openings through which the guiding rod 3 extends.
  • a thermostat comprising at least one pair of bimetallic [discs curving in opposite directions and loosely mounted one over the other, said two'discs being of dilerent size,v the edges of the disc of smaller size being supported by the inner surface of the disc of larger size.
  • a thermostat in ⁇ accordance with claim l comprising a guide member extending through openings formed in the discs, the largest .distance between opposed edges of the langer disc being greater than the largest distance between opposed edges ⁇ of the smaller disc by a length which is at least twice the size of Aplay between said guide member and said openings.
  • a thermostat in accordance with claim l wherein said edges of the ldisc of smal-ler size are rounded.
  • a thermostat in accordance with claim 1 wherein the two discs are of different shape 5.
  • a thermostat comprising iat least one pair of bimetallic discs curving in opposite directions and loosely mounted one over the other, said two discs beingof differentsize, the edges of the disc of smaller size being sup-r ported bythe inner surface of the disc of larger size, said edges'rlbeing hardened.
  • v Y 7 A thermostat comprising at least one pair of bimetal- Y discs curving in opposite directions and loosely mounted one over the-other, said two discs being of different size
  • a thermostat comprising at least one pair of birnetallic discs curving in opposite directions yand loosely mounted one over the other, said ytwo discs being of different size, the edges of the disc of smaller' size being supported by the inner surface of the disc of larger size, the portion of the inner surface supporting said edges being hardened.
  • a tneiirnostat comprising atleast one pair of bimetallic discs curving in ⁇ opposite directions and loosely mounted one over the other, said 4two discs being of different size, the edges of the disc of smaller size being supported by the inner surface of the ldisc of larger size, and a hard chromium coating over the portion of the inner surface supporting said edges.
  • a thermostat particularly for armatu'es exposed to flowing ⁇ gases or liquids, said thermostat comprising at least one pair of bimetallic discs curving in opposite directions #and loosely mounted one over the other, said two discs being of dierent size, the edges of the disc of smaller size being .supported by the inner surface of the disc of larger size, one bimetaliic component of each ⁇ disc consisting of vaustenitic steel ⁇ and the other birnetellic component of the same ⁇ disc consisting of ferritic steel, the two coniponents being Iron-rustiinb7 steels joined by welding.
  • a thermostat Aadapted to be exposed to owing fluids said thermostat comprising et least one pair of round bimetallic discs curving in opposite directions and loosely mounted one over the other, said two discs being of different size, the edges of tile disc of smaller size being supported lby ⁇ the inner surface or .e disc of larger size, whereby ian inner chamber is formed between ythe two discs, the ⁇ outer surfaces of said ⁇ discs being exposed to a flowing fluid while said inner chamber is adopted to contain said uid in condition ⁇ of rest, one bimetaillic compone-nt of each ydisc which is exposed ⁇ to the ilo-Wing iluid -iiaving ⁇ a comparatively larger heat expansion coei'licient and consisting of corrosionresisting steel, the other bi- Lmetallic component of le same steel 4which is exposed to the iiuid in condition of rest having a comparatively smaller ⁇ beat expansion coeilcient and consisting of noncorrosion-res
  • non-corrosion-resisting steel consists of inval steel with substantially Btl-36% nickel.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)
  • Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
US187518A 1961-04-14 1962-04-16 Thermostat Expired - Lifetime US3107532A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEG32063A DE1159671B (de) 1961-04-14 1961-04-14 Thermostat

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3107532A true US3107532A (en) 1963-10-22

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US187518A Expired - Lifetime US3107532A (en) 1961-04-14 1962-04-16 Thermostat

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3107532A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1159671B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB943612A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL277123A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3344672A (en) * 1965-04-05 1967-10-03 Gerdts Gustav F Kg Heat operated discharger for condensation water
US3418617A (en) * 1966-03-21 1968-12-24 George W. Crise Snap-acting, cycling, thermostatic switch
US3727598A (en) * 1970-01-29 1973-04-17 H Knapp Temperature-responsive system for regulating the fuel mixture in air-cooled internal combustion engines
US3792400A (en) * 1973-01-17 1974-02-12 Johnson Service Co Temperature responsive actuator
US3796100A (en) * 1971-07-20 1974-03-12 Rau Fa G Element having bimetal properties
US4484725A (en) * 1981-02-18 1984-11-27 Fuji Koki Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Bimetal driven control valve
US20090169918A1 (en) * 2008-01-02 2009-07-02 Michael Haynes Metallic Laminate Composite

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5582893A (en) * 1978-12-14 1980-06-21 Miyawaki Steam Trap Mfg Bimetal column
GB2281445B (en) * 1993-08-25 1997-07-02 Otter Controls Ltd Improvements relating to electrical switches

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT166196B (de) * 1948-06-08 1950-06-26 Julius Deubler Wärmeausdehnungskörper aus hintereinandergeschalteten, schalenförmig ausgebildeten Bimetallelementen

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3344672A (en) * 1965-04-05 1967-10-03 Gerdts Gustav F Kg Heat operated discharger for condensation water
US3418617A (en) * 1966-03-21 1968-12-24 George W. Crise Snap-acting, cycling, thermostatic switch
US3727598A (en) * 1970-01-29 1973-04-17 H Knapp Temperature-responsive system for regulating the fuel mixture in air-cooled internal combustion engines
US3796100A (en) * 1971-07-20 1974-03-12 Rau Fa G Element having bimetal properties
US3792400A (en) * 1973-01-17 1974-02-12 Johnson Service Co Temperature responsive actuator
US4484725A (en) * 1981-02-18 1984-11-27 Fuji Koki Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Bimetal driven control valve
US20090169918A1 (en) * 2008-01-02 2009-07-02 Michael Haynes Metallic Laminate Composite
US8420225B2 (en) * 2008-01-02 2013-04-16 EMS Engineered Materials Solution, LLC Metallic laminate composite

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB943612A (en) 1963-12-04
NL277123A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE1159671B (de) 1963-12-19

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