Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M5/00—Solid or semi-solid compositions containing as the essential lubricating ingredient mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
  • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
  • C10M2203/104—Aromatic fractions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
  • C10M2203/106—Naphthenic fractions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
  • C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/022—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least two hydroxy groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
  • C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy

Definitions

• These greases may, in some cases, be prepared by dissolving pre-formed lithium hydroxy stearate in a lubricating oil at an elevated temperature, rapidly cooling the solution and milling the gel so formed so as to convert it into a grease. In many cases, however, this technique results in the formation of a slurry of coarse granules of soap in the oil.
• Another method of preparing lithium hydroxy stearate greases is to saponify hydrogenated castor oil in part or all of the oil to be thickened so as to cause the formation of lithium hydroxy stearate in situ. Although somewhat more complicated than the first-mentioncd method, this method has the advantage that the glycerol formed during the preparation forms a complex with the soap which imparts good mechanical stability to the grease. Again, however, the formation of a slurry of coarse granules often occurs when this method is used.
• a lubricating grease which has been prepared by thickening to a grease consistency with an alkali metal soap of a hydroxy fatty acid, e.g. an alkali metal soap of a hydrorsy stearic acid such as lithium hydroxy stearatc, a liquid petroleum lubricating oil base stock consisting of or containing an aromatic fraction which has been separated from a petroleum lubricating oil fraction.
• an alkali metal soap of a hydroxy fatty acid e.g. an alkali metal soap of a hydrorsy stearic acid such as lithium hydroxy stearatc
• a liquid petroleum lubricating oil base stock consisting of or containing an aromatic fraction which has been separated from a petroleum lubricating oil fraction.
• the grease contains 5-15% by weight of the soap.
• the liquid lubricating oil base stock may consist of a blend of the aromatic fraction and a petroleum lubricating oil fraction.
• Particularly suitable blends are those containing at least by weight, e.g. l075% by weight, of the aromatic fraction.
• a suitable petroleum lubricating oil fraction for use in the preparation of the blends is a dewaxed vacuum distillate, particularly a dewaxed vacuum distillate having a viscosity index of at least 40, preferably at least 60, and preferably having a viscosity in the range 45-200 Redwood 1 seconds at 140 F.
• the aromatic fraction may be prepared by selective adsorption of a petroleum lubricating oil fraction on silica gel, activated clay, or other adsorbent material.
• the lubricating oil fraction may be allowed to flow down a column of silica gel which is thereafter eluted with a solvent which preferentially removes from the adsorbent that part of the oil consisting of saturated hydrocarbons.
• a suitable solvent for this purpose is a low boiling saturated hydrocarbon e.g. petroleum ether, nhexane, n-heptane or iso-octane.
• aromatic hydrocarbons which remain in the adsorbent together with most of the sulphur-, oxygenand nitrogen-containing compounds can then be displaced from the adsorbent by a strongly polar, low boiling solvent e.g. acetone, ethyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, ethyl ether or isopropyl ether.
• a strongly polar, low boiling solvent e.g. acetone, ethyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, ethyl ether or isopropyl ether.
• the aromatic fraction recovered after evaporation of the solvent may be used by itself for the preparation of the greases according to the invention, or it may be added to a lubricating oil distillate of the aforementioned type to increase the concentration of aromatics in it.
• Another method that can be used to produce a suitable aromatic fraction is the well-known solvent extraction process.
• the aromatic extracts obtained by treatment of lubricating oil distillates of the aforementioned type can be used per so as the base stock or they may be added to a lubricating oil distillate to increase its content of aromatic hydrocarbons.
• the lubricating oil base stock is one having an aromatic content of at least 40%, especially at least 50%, by weight as determined by the rapid method of silica gel chromatography described in the Journal of the Institute of Petroleum for July 1958, volume 44, pages 212-2l5.
• Oil A.--A 160/95 grade lubricating oil i.e. a lubricating oil having a Redwood I viscosity at F. of 160 sees, and a viscosity index of 95. Oil A contained 29% by weight of aromatics.
• the aromatic fraction obtained in this way amounted to 41.3% by weight of the original oil.
• the undissolvcd material obtained after the furfural extraction and dewaxing was a lubricating oil of 65/100 grade.
• Oil S was recovered from solution in the furfural and had a sulphur content of 5.78% by weight and aromatic content of about 85% by weight.
• Oil T.-A material obtained by hydrofining oil D to reduce its sulphur content. Oil T had a sulphur content of 1.46% by weight and an aromatic content of 80% by weight.
• Oil Q A blend of oil A and oil D containing 75% by weight of oil A and 25% by weight of oil D. Oil Q contained 44% by weight of aromatics.
• oils A, B, P, Q and R were determined by the rapid method of silica gel chromatography mentioned above.
• EXAMPLE 1 Two greases according to the invention and two greases for comparison were prepared using pre-forrned commercial lithium hydroxy stearate and the base oils A, B and P specified above. Each of the four greases was formed by dissolving the soap in the oil at 225 C., pouring the solution into a cooled tray and milling the gel W and X are of better consistency than the correspond ing comparative grease B2.
• a lubricating grease consisting essentially of a petroso formed in a roller mill at 0.005 inch ga
• a lubricating grease according to claim 1 in which the soap is an alkali metal hydroxy stearate. m iff ala 3.
• Grease P2 is comparable in penetration and p the viscosity of the dewaxed vacuum distillate was in stability With grease B1 although its soap contentiation the range of 200 Redwood I seconds at 140 F. is very much less. G1 ease P2 also has a satisfactory drop oint and gives a satisfactor p rformarm: in the bleed A lubncatmg grease accordmg to Clalm m whlch y w the base stock contains 40-75% by weight of the aromatic fraction.
• EXAMPLE I 35 10. A lubricating grease according to claim 1, in which Nine greases were prepared to illustrate the propertles the aromatic fraction was obtained by solvent extraction. of greases prepared from hydrogenated castor oil by 11. A lubricating grease according to claim 1, in which saponification in situ. Greases prepared by this techthe aromatic fraction was obtained by a chromatographic nique contain glycerol produced from the hydrogenated process, castor oil. Each sample was prepared by dissolving 13 4U 12. A lubricating grease according to claim 10, in which by weight of hydrogenated castor oil in a lubricating oil the chromatographic process comprised adsorption of base stock at 100 C.
• Aqueous lithium hydroxide soluthe petroleum lubricating oil fraction on an adsorbent mation was added to saponify the hydrogenated Castor oil terial, elution of at least some of the aliphatic materials and the temperature raised to 170 C. to rcniiwc the with a solvent and recovery of the aromatic fraction.
• a lubricating grease according to claim 12 in which on a roller mill at a 0.005 inch gap and deaeratcd. the solvent used to elute the aliphatic materials was one
• the compositions and various inspection data of the selected from the group consisting of petroleum ether, nine greases prepared by the method outlined abov are -1 d i t given i Tab 2 in WhiCh greases Q W and X 15.
• a lubricating grease according to claim 1 in which the soap was prepared by the saponification in aim of References Cited in the file of this patent hydrogenated caster Oil. 5 UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,625,510 Moore Ian. 13, 1953

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

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ID=10183874

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Cited By (4)

Citations (1)

Family Cites Families (4)

• 0
  • NL NL253347D patent/NL253347A/xx unknown
  • US US3103493D patent/US3103493A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1959
  • 1959-07-02 GB GB22711/59A patent/GB891544A/en not_active Expired
• 1960
  • 1960-07-01 DE DEB58435A patent/DE1257327B/de active Pending

Patent Citations (1)

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